consumer base monetry insvestment at "Reliance Money" Hyderabad
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Transcript of consumer base monetry insvestment at "Reliance Money" Hyderabad
A PROJECT REPORTA PROJECT REPORT
OF OF
MARKETING SPECIAL PROJECT MARKETING SPECIAL PROJECT
AT
1
A FINAL REPORT
ON
“ANALYSIS ON CONSUMER BASED MONETARY INVESTMENT IN FINANCIAL PRODUCTS”
[A Comparative Analysis of Mutual Fund & Insurance (ULIP)]
and an insight towards
“ SERVICE PROLIFERATION AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AT RELIANCE MONEY, Hyderabad”
Submitted In Partial Fulfillment
Of the
Requirement of MS (Marketing)
(2007 – 2009)
SUBMITTED BY
Vikas Verma
Enrollment No 0914
MS Program (Session 2007-2009)
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AcknowledgementAcknowledgement
Sometimes words fall short to show gratitude, the same happened with me during this project.
The immense help and support received from Reliance Money Limited overwhelmed me
during the project. I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to all the people who have
guided and helped me directly or indirectly in the course of completion of my project.
I express my sincere gratitude to our Director Dr.T.R.K Rao and Dean
Dr.K.Rajanath for allowing me to carry on this project.
I would like to thank my corporate guide Mr.Lalit Kumar,Cluster head,Reliance Money Ltd
Hyderabad, who has directed all the way. He has shared his experience which has helped me
to approach right consumer and generate leads for the company as well as I am able to sell
financial product and through his guidance only I am able to attempt this research project.
In this context, as a student of The ICFAI School of Marketing Studies, Hyderabad I would
first of all like to express my thank fullness to Dr.Ammani for assigning me such a
worthwhile title (Analysis on consumer based monetary investment in financial products) to
work upon in Reliance Money . I am also thankful to other associates (PFA) who had helped
me in this project.
My special thanks to Mr.Seshagiri Rao.P and my friends who being a part of the MSP,
supported me throughout my MSP and with whose help I could complete my work efficiently
and effectively. Their consistent help kept me motivated and going.
VIKAS VERMA Enrollment No 0914
MS(Marketing)- (Session 2007-2009)
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DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the MSP Report on the topic of “Analysis on Consumer
based monetary investment in Financial Products” confined to search the
subjective insight [A Comparative Analysis of Mutual Fund & Insurance (ULIP)] and an
insight towards“ SERVICE PROLIFERATION AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AT
RELIANCE MONEY, Hyderabad” submitted by me to Icfai School of Marketing
Studies, Hyderabad, is of my own and it is not submitted to any other college
or published any time before.
VIKAS VERMA Enrollment No 0914
MS Program (Session 2007-2009)
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CONTENTS
1. LIST OF TABLES, CHARTS AND DIAGRAMS
2. ABBREVIATIONS
3. SUMMARY/ABSTRACT
4. INTRODUCTION
4.1.1. Purpose of the study
4.1.2. Objectives
4.1.3. Limitations
5. METHODOLOGY
6. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
7. INDUSTRY PROFILE
8. COMPANY PROFILE
9. DATA ANALYSIS
10.FINDINGS&SUGGESTIONS
11.CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
12.QUESTIONNAIRE
13.BIBLIOGRAPHY
14.GLOSSARY
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LIST OF TABLES, CHARTS AND DIAGRAMS
Diagrams:
1. Customer behavior
2. Mutual Fund operation flow chart
3. Organization of a Mutual Fund
4. Mutual Fund Industry Growth
5. Mutual Funds Structure /Company Structure
6. Insurance Growth
7. Insurance & Mutual Fund
Tables and Charts:
1. Market Share Of The Mutual Fund Industry
2. Different Age Group Of The Respondents
3. Preferred Fund Structure
4. Investors Scheme Preference
5. Investor Fund Preference (Insurance & MF)
6. Repeating Of Investments
7. Getting Monthly / Quarterly Statements From Time To Time
8. Ranking On The Customer Service Of Reliance Mutual Funds and Insurance
9. Regarding Areas For Improvement By Reliance Mutual Funds
10. Redemption Satisfaction Of The Customers
11. Usage Of Value Added Services Offered By Reliance Mutual Funds
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ABBREVIATIONS
ASL : Allianz Securities Limited
SE : Securities
Mf : Mutual Fund
MF’S : Mutual Funds
NASDAQ : National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation
BSE : Bombay Stock Exchange
AMC : Asset Management Company
AMFI : Association of Mutual Funds India
AUM : Assets under Management
CBFI : Crisil Balanced Fund Index
CCBI : Crisil Composite Bond Index
CRISIL : Credit Rating & Information Services of India Ltd.
FDI : Foreign Direct Investment
NAV : Net Asset Value
NFO : New Fund Offer
SEBI : Securities Exchange Board of India
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SUMMARY/ABSTRACT
The main objective in undertaking this project was to supplement academic knowledge with absolute practical exposure to day-to-day functions of an organization.
This project: “Analysis on Consumer Based Monetary Investment in Financial Products” [A comparative analysis of Mutual Fund and Insurance]” involved a detail study of the Indian Financial Market and the various Investment avenues such as Mutual Funds and Insurance.
The project also involved analysis of the past investments of Reliance Money. The project also involved the study of the various methods to calculate the return on investments such as Percentage Change in NAV, Annualizing the Rate of Return, Risk Adjusted Return etc.This project helped me to get a deeper understanding of the day-to-day working and how the decisions regarding the deployment of surplus funds are taken in a firm as large as Reliance Money. So as to maximize returns.
The basic objective of any financial services company would be to provide an absolute tailor
made products and services to the customer and to retain them into the organization, but to
retain a particular customer is not easy because customer expectations change by time and it
becomes a tough job for the companies to curb the needs of their customers. Now with the
case of asset management company which is getting its pace and a lot of companies are
emerging as players, here a study has been undertaken with regards to RELIANCE AMC
where study looks into the expectation of the customers regarding mutual funds and
insurance issues relating to customers expectation. The need for this research is to emphasis
the expectations of customer of mutual funds and how the company in contrast to the
expectations is performing.
This research is conducted to understand the customer’s perception towards financial
products. Till yesterday people are having very less knowledge for mutual funds & Insurance
because of brokerage companies in India have not made efforts to expand the market. They
have been doing business with the same customers. There is also a lack of investor awareness
as far as markets are concerned. The Harshad Mehta scam and various other scams have
created a bad impression in people's minds and this need to be changed. Just to put things in
perspective, India has 330 million bank accounts. The mutual fund industry has 30 million
unique folios and insurance industry has more than 200 million conumer but Unfortunately,
in the broking industry, the number of people with Demat accounts has continued to fester at
5.85 million in the last 10-12 years, which is worrisome. Every industry in India has grown
over the last 10 years except this one. Whatever retail participation exists is coming from
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bigger cities such as Mumbai and Delhi. The services have not reached bottom-of-the-
pyramid towns. Reliance is conducting investor awareness campaigns every Saturday at
Reliance money centers.
An Investment Product is a trust that pools the savings of a number of investors who share a
common financial goal. The money thus collected is then invested in capital market
instruments such as shares, debentures and other securities. The income earned through these
investments and the capital appreciation realized is shared by its unit holders in proportion to
the number of units owned by them. Thus financial products is the most suitable investment
for the common man as it offers an opportunity to invest in a diversified, professionally
managed basket of securities at a relatively low cost. The flow chart below describes broadly
the working of a mutual fund.
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
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INTRODUCTION
Customers investment in financial products (Mutual fund and Insurance) is a measure
of how products and services supplied by a company can meet the customer’s expectations.
Customer satisfaction is still one of the single strongest predictors of customer retention. It’s
considerably more expensive to attract new customers than it is to keep old ones happy. In a
climate of decreasing brand loyalties, understanding customer service and measuring
customer satisfaction are very crucial.
There is obviously a strong link between customer satisfaction and customer retention.
Customer's perception of Service and Quality of product will determine the success of the
product or service in the market.
With better understanding of customers' perceptions, companies can determine the actions
required to meet the customers' needs. They can identify their own strengths and weaknesses,
where they stand in comparison to their competitors, chart out path future progress and
improvement. Customer satisfaction measurement helps to promote an increased focus on
customer outcomes and stimulate improvements in the work practices and processes used
within the company.
Customer expectations are the customer-defined attributes of your product or service you
must meet or exceed to achieve customer satisfaction.
There are many reasons why customer expectations are likely to change over time. Process
improvements, advent of new technology, changes in customer's priorities, improved quality
of service provided by competitors are just a few examples.
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PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The main purpose of the study is to know the expectations of those investors who invested in
MUTUAL FUND & INSURANCE and the satisfaction levels of investors with the services
provided by the RELIANCE MONEY LTD, Hyderabad.
In the present competitive environment it is very crucial to every business firm to ensure
satisfaction to its customers. According to one survey it was found that it costs five times
more to attract a new customer than to retain an existing customer. So with all these
parameters taking into consideration one can say that it is very important to provide goods
and services that satisfy customers needs or wants irrespective of the industry or scale of the
business in which a firm is operating.
Here the main purpose of the survey is to know the various factors that are very important in
satisfying the customers needs and to know how RELIANCE MONEY is ensuring its
customers satisfaction.
The expectations of customers are vary from one customer to the other customer. For
example some customers are only concerned about the returns that they are getting in a fund
but at the same time there are some other customers who are very specific about the location,
ambience and front line employees’ interaction and some other parameters. It is very
difficult to any business firm to satisfy all the expectations of all customers but there are
some common factors that are essential to fulfill.
The objectives of the projects are given as below. The details of the survey such as the source
of data, the sample size taken and the methods of analysis are all given briefly in the
methodologies. There are some constraints throughout the project, which are given clearly in
the limitations.
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OBJECTIVES
The following are the objectives of the MSP Report.
To evaluate investment performance of selected Mutual Funds and Life Insurance in
terms of risk and return.
To make an analysis on different parameters to make the comparison of Mutual Funds and Insurance
To get to know which of the option as an investment point of view is better.
To study the satisfaction levels of customers in RELIANCE MONEY.
LIMITATIONS
As the data will be collected through questionnaire, there are chances of biased
information provided by the respondent.
The study is confined to the customers of RELIANCE MONEY only.
The survey will be limited only to Hyderabad.
The study does not consider the equity investment portfolio of investors.
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METHODOLOGY
Data for the survey is collected through:
Primary source
Visiting the organization (Observation Techniques)
Using structured questionnaire for the existing customer.
Secondary Source
Company Broachers
Company Website
Internet
Sample size: sample size for the survey is 100.
Type of sampling: stratified random sampling technique is used for collecting the primary data. The data is collected only from RELIANCE MONEY customers, Hyderabad.
Methods used for analysis: bar charts and pie charts are the tools that will be used in analyzing the data.
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
For the present study, the following literatures are being reviewed.
The title of Article is “Does customer satisfaction lead to profitability?”
Author(s): Timothy L. Keiningham, Tiffany Perkins-Munn, Lerzan Aksoy, Demitry Estrin
Journal: Managing Service Quality
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Purpose – Many researchers have proposed a virtuous chain of effects from improved
customer satisfaction to profits. In particular, satisfaction is thought to improve share-of-
spending, which in turn leads to higher customer revenue and customer profitability. This
paper aims to examine these proposed linkages using data from the institutional securities
industry.
Design/methodology/approach – The data used in the analyses were collected as part of an
ongoing telephone satisfaction survey of 81 clients of an institutional securities firm across
two continents (North America and Europe). Mediation analysis was used to test the
hypothesized effects.
Findings – Customer revenue was found to correlate negatively with customer profitability
for unprofitable customers, and positively for profitable customers.
Research limitations/implications – One of the limitations of this research is that it tests the
propositions within a single industry. Future research should attempt to replicate these
findings in other contexts.
Practical implications – A simplistic focus on improving customer satisfaction for all
customers in order to improve share-of-wallet and customer revenue does not seem to
represent the best management approach to maximize overall firm profitability. In fact, it
could actually result in a negative return on investment. Therefore, customers should first be
segmented by their profitability to the firm before expending resources to improve customer
satisfaction and share-of-wallet.
Originality/value – The results of this paper challenge the conventional belief that customer satisfaction should lead to customer retention in turn, resulting in customer revenue and
ultimately customer profitability. The findings indicate that this may not always be true.
Sunayna khurana (2008) analyzed the customer preference in life insurance industry in India. She had analyzed the customer preference regarding plans and company, their purpose of buying insurance policies, satisfaction level and their future plans for the new insurance policy.
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Mr. K B S Kumar edited the book ‘Insurance customer service’ of ICFAI University press; it includes the chapters like ‘Tracking customer satisfaction’ by Mr Tom moormam.
U Jawaharlal and Nikhil Pareek analyzed ‘the customer service in Life Insurance’ In Insurance Chronical (April 2004) he had analyzed the different services of Life Insurance players in India.Narayan Krishnamurthy in Outlook money (Sep 15, 2003) article analyzed the situational need of Insurance at different situations and steps of life in his article ‘AT every step of Life…’.
Navasiyam et al. (2006) analyzed the socioeconomic factors that are responsible for taking life insurance policies and examined the preferences of the policyholders towards various types of policies of LIC. From the analysis, it was found that factors such as age, educational level and sex of the policyholders are insignificant. However, income level, occupation and family size are significant while deciding on an insurance policy. From the analysis, it is inferred that respondents belonging to the age group of 31 to 40 years are much interested in taking a life insurance policy.
MFs have attracted a lot of attention and kindled the interest of both academic and practitioner communities. Compared to the developed markets, very few studies on MFs are done in India. This literature review reveals investor behavior studies. The researches on mutual funds has been extremely skewed in terms of geographical coverage, most focused to developed countries like Us.
Tamal Datta chaudhuri, Jayanta Kumar seal, edited the book named ‘Mutual Funds Industry’ it includes empirical study made by Navdeep agrwal and Mohit Gupta titled ‘performance of mutual fund in India: an empirical study’. Mary Rowland written ‘The New Common sense Guide to mutual funds’ it includes the guidelines while investing in mutual fund. How should one invest in mutual fund and when what step should be taken in a situation by a investor.Gupta LC (1993) conducted a household investor survey with the objective to provide data on investor preferences on MFs and other financial asset.
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CHAPTER 2
COMPANY PROFILE.
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Reliance Money
Reliance Money is a group company of Reliance Capital, one of India's leading and fastest growing private sector financial services companies, ranking among the top 3 private sector financial services and banking companies, in terms of net worth. Reliance Capital is a part of the Reliance Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group.
Reliance Money is a comprehensive electronic transaction platform offering a wide range of asset classes. Its endeavour is to change the way India transacts in financial markets and avails financial services.
Reliance Money is a single window, enabling you to access, amongst others in Equities, Equity & Commodities Derivatives, Mutual Funds, IPOs, Life & General Insurance products, Offshore Investments, Money Transfer, Money Changing and Credit Cards
Reliance Capital
Reliance Capital Ltd (RCL) is a registered as a depository participant with National
Securities Depository Ltd (NSDL) and Central Depository Services Ltd (CDSL) under the
Securities and Exchange Board of India (Depositories and Participants) Regulations, 1996.
RCL has sponsored the Reliance Mutual Fund within the framework of the Securities and
Exchange Board of India (Mutual Fund) regulations, 1996.
RCL primarily focuses on funding projects in the infrastructure sectors and supports the
growth of its subsidiary companies, Reliance Capital Asset Management Limited , Reliance
Capital Trustee Co. Limited , Reliance General Insurance Company Limited and Reliance
Life Insurance Company Limited.
As of March 31, 2005, the company’s investment in infrastructure projects stood at Rs. 1071
Crores. The investment portfolio of RCL is Structured in a way that realizes the highest post-
tax.
Dhirubhai Ambani Group, and is ranked among the 15 most valuable private companies in
India. Reliance Capital is one of India's leading and fastest growing private sector financial
services companies, and ranks among the top 3 private sector financial services and banking
groups, in terms of net worth. Reliance Capital has interests in asset management and mutual
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funds, life and general insurance, private equity and proprietary investments, stock broking,
depository services, distribution of financial products, consumer finance and other activities
in financial services.
The Reliance Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group is one of India's top 3 business houses, and has a
market capitalisation of over Rs.2,90,000 crore (US$ 75 billion),net worth in excess of
Rs.40,000 crore (US$ 10 billion), cash flows of Rs. 9,000 crore (US$ 2.2 billion), net profit
of Rs. 5,000 crore (US$ 1.3 billion) and zero net debt.
BUSSINES OVERVEIW
Reliance Capital has interests in asset management and mutual funds, life and general
insurance, private equity and proprietary investments, stock broking, depository services,
distribution of financial products, consumer finance and other activities in financial services.
Reliance Mutual Fund is India's no.1 Mutual Fund. Reliance Life Insurance is India's fastest
growing life insurance company and among the top 4 private sector insurers. Reliance
General Insurance is India's fastest growing general insurance company and the top 3 private
sector insurers. Reliance Money is the largest brokerage and distributor of financial products
in India with more than 2.5 million customers and the largest distribution network. Reliance
Consumer finance has a loan book of over Rs. 8,000 crores at the end of June 2008.
Reliance Capital has a net worth of Rs.6,862 crores (US$ 1.6 billion) and total assets of Rs.
19,940 crores (US$ 4.6 billion) as of June 30, 2008 and over 26,000 employees.
Money has increased its market share among private financial companies to nearly
Convenient & effective – Anytime & anywhere financial transaction capability. Launched in
April 2007. It provides the Flat fees system. It has 2.2 million customers in 1 year of official
launch. It has over 5,000 outlets across 700 towns/cities. Average daily turnover – in excess
of Rs 2,000 crores.
Considering the entire life market, including the Rs. 12,890 crores booked by life insurance
Corporation, Reliance life insurance market share works out to around 6.25% .
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The life insurance market continuous to be dominated by LIC which has about 67% share this
only a marginal dip from its 73% share in end-July . These comparisons are only for first year
or new business premium.
FINANCIAL PRODUCTS:
Financial products are of following types:-
1. Mutual Funds
2. Equity and Commodity Derivatives
3. Life and General Insurance Products
4. Portfolio Management Service (PMS)
5. Offshore Investments
6. Money Transfer
7. Money Changing
8. Credit CardsReliance Capital
Reliance
Life Insurance
Reliance
General Insurance
Reliance
Money
Reliance
Consumer Finance
Reliance
Mutual fund
Mutual Fund
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.
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MUTUAL FUNDS
SUBJECTIVE AND MARKET VEIW
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INTRODUCTION TO MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY
The origin of mutual fund industry in India is with the introduction of the concept of mutual
fund by UTI in the year 1963. Though the growth was slow, but it accelerated from the year
1987 when non-UTI players entered the industry in the past decade, Indian mutual fund
industry had seen a dramatic improvement, both qualities wise as well as quantity wise.
Before, the monopoly of the market had seen an ending phase; the Assets under Management
(AUM) were Rs. 67bn. The private sector entry to the fund family raised the AUM to Rs. 470
bn in March 1993 and till April 2004; it reached the height of 1,540 bn.
Putting the AUM of the Indian Mutual Funds Industry into comparison, the total of it is less
than the deposits of SBI alone, constitute less than 11% of the total deposits held by the
Indian banking industry. The main reason of its poor growth is that the mutual fund industry
in India is new in the country. Large sections of Indian investors are yet to be intellectuated
with the concept. Hence, it is the prime responsibility of all mutual fund companies, to
market the product correctly abreast of selling. The mutual fund industry can be broadly put
into four phases according to the development of the sector. Each phase is briefly described
as under.
First Phase - 1964-87
Unit Trust of India (UTI) was established on 1963 by an Act of Parliament. It was set up by
the Reserve Bank of India and functioned under the Regulatory and administrative control of
the Reserve Bank of India. In 1978 UTI was de-linked from the RBI and the Industrial
Development Bank of India (IDBI) took over the regulatory and administrative control in
place of RBI. The first scheme launched by UTI was Unit Scheme 1964. At the end of 1988
UTI had Rs.6, 700 crores of assets under management.
Second Phase - 1987-1993 (Entry of Public Sector Funds)
Entry of non-UTI mutual funds. SBI Mutual Fund was the first followed by Can bank Mutual
Fund (Dec 87), Punjab National Bank Mutual Fund (Aug 89), Indian Bank Mutual Fund
(Nov 89), Bank of India (Jun 90), Bank of Baroda Mutual Fund (Oct 92). LIC in 1989 and
GIC in 1990. The end of 1993 marked Rs.47, 004 as assets under management.
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Third Phase - 1993-2003 (Entry of Private Sector Funds)
With the entry of private sector funds in 1993, a new era started in the Indian mutual fund
industry, giving the Indian investors a wider choice of fund families. Also, 1993 was the year
in which the first Mutual Fund Regulations came into being, under which all mutual funds,
except UTI were to be registered and governed. The erstwhile Kothari Pioneer (now merged
with Franklin Templeton) was the first private sector mutual fund registered in July 1993.
The 1993 SEBI (Mutual Fund) Regulations were substituted by a more comprehensive and
revised Mutual Fund Regulations in 1996. The industry now functions under the SEBI
(Mutual Fund) Regulations 1996.
The number of mutual fund houses went on increasing, with many foreign mutual funds
setting up funds in India and also the industry has witnessed several mergers and acquisitions.
As at the end of January 2003, there were 33 mutual funds with total assets of Rs. 1, 21,805
crores. The Unit Trust of India with Rs.44, 541 crores of assets under management was way
ahead of other mutual funds.
Fourth Phase - since February 2003
This phase had bitter experience for UTI. It was bifurcated into two separate entities. One is
the Specified Undertaking of the Unit Trust of India with AUM of Rs.29,835 crores (as on
January 2003). The Specified Undertaking of Unit Trust of India, functioning under an
administrator and under the rules framed by Government of India and does not come under
the purview of the Mutual Fund Regulations.
The second is the UTI Mutual Fund Ltd, sponsored by SBI, PNB, BOB and LIC. It is
registered with SEBI and functions under the Mutual Fund Regulations. With the bifurcation
of the erstwhile UTI which had in March 2000 more than Rs.76,000 crores of AUM and with
the setting up of a UTI Mutual Fund, conforming to the SEBI Mutual Fund Regulations, and
with recent mergers taking place among different private sector funds, the mutual fund
industry has entered its current phase of consolidation and growth. As at the end of
September, 2004, there were 29 funds, which manage assets of Rs.153108 crores under 421
schemes.
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Mutual Fund Operation Flow Chart
ORGANISATION OF A MUTUAL FUND:
There are many entities involved and the diagram below illustrates the organizational set up of a mutual fund:
Mutual funds in INDIA have a 3-tier structure of Sponsor – Trustee – AMC.
Sponsor is the promoter of the fund.
Sponsor creates the AMC and the trustee company and appoints the Boards of both
these companies, with SEBI approval.
A mutual fund is constituted as a Trust
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A trust deed is signed by trustees and registered under the Indian Trust Act.
The mutual fund is formed as trust in INDIA, and supervised by the Board of
Trustees.
The trustees appoint the asset management company (AMC) to actually manage the
investor’s money.
The AMC’s capital is contributed by the sponsor. The AMC is the business face of the
mutual fund.
Investor’s money is held in the Trust (the mutual fund). The AMC gets a fee for
managing the funds, according to the mandate of the investors.
Sponsor should have at-least 5-year track record in the financial services business and
should have made profit in at-least 3 out of the 5 years.
Sponsor should contribute at-least 40% of the capital of the AMC.
Trustees are appointed by the sponsor with SEBI approval.
At-least 2/3 of trustees should be independent.
At-least ½ of the AMC’s Board should be independent members.
An AMC of one fund cannot be Trustee of another fund.
AMC should have a net worth of at least Rs. 10 crore at all times.
AMC should be registered with SEBI.
AMC signs an investment management agreement with the trustees.
Trustee Company and AMC are usually private limited companies.
Trustees oversee the AMC and seek regular reports and information from them.
Trustees are required to meet at least 4 times a year to review the AMC.
The investor’s funds and the investments are held by the custodian.
Sponsor and the custodian cannot be the same entity.
R&T agents manage the sale and repurchase of units and keep the unit holder
accounts.
If the schemes of one fund are taken over by another fund, it is called as scheme take
over. This requires SEBI and trustee approval.
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If two AMCs merge, the stakes of sponsor’s changes and the schemes of both funds
come together. High court, SEBI and Trustee approval needed.
If one AMC or sponsor buys out the entire stake of another sponsor in an AMC, there
is a takeover of AMC. The sponsor, who has sold out, exits the AMC. This needs high
court approval as well as SEBI and Trustee approval.
Investors can choose to exit at NAV if they do not approve of the transfer. They have
a right to be informed. No approval is required, in the case of open ended funds.
For close ended funds investor approvals is required for all cases of merger and take
over.
GROWTH IN ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT
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REGULATORY STRUCTURE OF MUTUAL FUNDS IN INDIA
The regulation of mutual funds in India is governed by the SEBI vide the SEBI (Mutual
Fund) Regulation, Act 1996 (here in after referred to as SEBI Regulations). These regulations
make it mandatory for mutual funds to have a three-tier structure of sponsor – Trustee – Asset
Management Company (AMC). The sponsor is the promoter of the mutual fund and appoints
the trustees. The Trustees are responsible to the investors in the mutual fund and appoint the
AMC for managing the investment portfolio.SEBI regulations also provide for who can be a
sponsor, trustee and AMC, specifying the format of agreement between these entities. These
agreements provide for the rights, duties and obligations of these three entities. The UTI is
also structured as a trust. The important difference through is that UTI does not have sponsors
or a separate AMC. Financial intuitions and banks that contributed to the initial capital of the
UTI have their representatives on UTI’s Board of Trustees, which oversees the operation of
UTI Mutual Fund. The Association of Mutual Funds in India (AMFI) is a self-regulatory
body formed by the various MF Companies to address the practices and policies of various
aspects like new scheme launches, payments to intermediaries’ comparisons and other ethical
systems.
Likewise, different companies have their own Compliance and Audit offices, which are
mandated to control and report adherence to and deviations if any on the regulations and
policies issued by SEBI.
ADVANTAGES OF MUTUAL FUNDS
Professional Management Diversification Convenient Administration Return Potential Low Costs Liquidity Transparency Flexibility Choice of schemes Tax benefits well regulated
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MUTUAL FUNDS STRUCTURE /COMPANY STRUCTURE.
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Establishes the mutual fund as a trust and registers with SEBI
Mutual fund
(For e.g. Reliance AMC)
Asset Management Company.
Custodian
Registrar
Hold unit holders funds in mutual fund. Enters into an agreement with SEBI.
Floats mutual funds as per the regulations of SEBI regulations.
Provides custodial services.
Provides registrar and transfer services.
Sponsor Company
Managed by the board of trustees.
Distributors
Provides the network for distribution of schemes to the investors.
Market Share of the mutual fund industry.
Assets Under Management (AUM) as at the end of Jan-2008
Sl.no. Mutual Fund Name % Market share1 ABN AMRO Mutual Fund 1.662 AIG Global Investment Group Mutual Fund 0.003 Benchmark Mutual Fund 1.554 Birla Sun Life Mutual Fund 5.735 BOB Mutual Fund 0.026 Can bank Mutual Fund 0.707 DBS Chola Mutual Fund 0.608 Deutsche Mutual Fund 1.769 DSP Merrill Lynch Mutual Fund 2.8610 Escorts Mutual Fund 0.0311 Fidelity Mutual Fund 2.1312 Franklin Templeton Mutual Fund 6.3413 HDFC Mutual Fund 8.7314 HSBC Mutual Fund 3.5215 ICICI Prudential Mutual Fund 12.2416 ING Vysya Mutual Fund 1.3817 JM Financial Mutual Fund 0.9118 JPMorgan Mutual Fund 0.0019 Kotak Mahindra Mutual Fund 4.0420 LIC Mutual Fund 2.3921 Lotus India Mutual Fund 0.8722 Morgan Stanley Mutual Fund 0.7723 PRINCIPAL Mutual Fund 3.1724 Quantum Mutual Fund 0.0125 Reliance Mutual Fund 14.2826 Sahara Mutual Fund 0.0427 SBI Mutual Fund 4.7528 Standard Chartered Mutual Fund 3.9029 Sundaram BNP Paribas Mutual Fund 2.4530 Tata Mutual Fund 3.4031 Taurus Mutual Fund 0.0732 UTI Mutual Fund 9.67 Grand Total 100.00
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DSP ML World Gold Fund
12
12.5
13
13.5
14
14.5
15
15.5
16
16.5
5/4/
2008
5/11
/200
8
5/18
/200
8
5/25
/200
8
6/1/
2008
6/8/
2008
6/15
/200
8
6/22
/200
8
6/29
/200
8
NAVs from May to June 2008
NA
V
NAVs
Scheme Name
Top 100 Equity Fund - Reg
From Date 1-May-08
To Date 30-Jun-08
Date NAV (Rs.) Daily Return in %
2-May-08 78.417
3-May-08 78.234 -0.233
4-May-08 78.017 -0.277
5-May-08 77.916 -0.129
6-May-08 77.406 -0.655
7-May-08 77.253 -0.198
8-May-08 76.431 -1.064
31
9-May-08 75.239 -1.560
12-May-08 75.623 0.510
13-May-08 75.025 -0.791
14-May-08 75.753 0.970
15-May-08 76.846 1.443
16-May-08 77.43 0.760
20-May-08 76.94 -0.633
21-May-08 76.809 -0.170
22-May-08 75.82 -1.288
23-May-08 75.129 -0.911
26-May-08 74.207 -1.227
27-May-08 74.059 -0.199
28-May-08 74.97 1.230
29-May-08 74.539 -0.575
30-May-08 75.111 0.767
2-Jun-08 73.755 -1.805
3-Jun-08 73.189 -0.767
4-Jun-08 71.466 -2.354
5-Jun-08 72.616 1.609
6-Jun-08 71.867 -1.031
9-Jun-08 70.109 -2.446
10-Jun-08 69.63 -0.683
11-Jun-08 70.369 1.061
12-Jun-08 70.608 0.340
13-Jun-08 70.474 -0.190
16-Jun-08 71.174 0.993
17-Jun-08 72.131 1.345
18-Jun-08 71.241 -1.234
19-Jun-08 70.287 -1.339
20-Jun-08 68.321 -2.797
23-Jun-08 67.236 -1.588
24-Jun-08 66.059 -1.751
25-Jun-08 66.433 0.566
26-Jun-08 66.953 0.783
27-Jun-08 64.897 -3.071
30-Jun-08 63.86 -1.598
average -0.481
std. dev. 1.200
32
Portfolio Attribites
33
Treynor 1.09
Sortino 0.47
Correlation 0.88
Fama 0.22
Mean 1.07
Standard Deviation 3.30
Sharpe 0.29
Beta 0.88
34
P/E23.56 as on Jun -
2008
P/B 7.40 as on Jun - 2008
Dividend Yield 1.23 as on Jun - 2008
Market Cap (Rs. in
crores)
65,481.03 as on Jun -
2008
Large73.01 as on Jun -
2008
Mid NA
Small NA
Top 5 Holding (%)29.10 as on Jun -
2008
No. of Stocks 43
Expense Ratio (%) 2.13
Top 10 Holding
35
36
Stock Sector P/E
Percentage
of Net
Assets
Qty Value
Percentage
of Change
with last
month
Nifty Miscellaneous NA 11.49 NA 96.46 -21.14
Bharti Airtel Ltd Telecom 22.05 5.41 630,234 45.46 61.73
Larsen & Toubro
Limited
Engineering &
Industrial Machinery33.12 4.63 178,122 38.91 -30.35
Reliance Industries Ltd
Oil & Gas,
Petroleum &
Refinery
21.09 3.90 156,303 32.75 -34.93
Hindustan Lever Ltd Diversified 27.50 3.66 1,484,330 30.75 16.31
Tata Consultancy
Services Ltd.
Computers -
Software &
Education
19.08 3.48 340,818 29.25 16.03
Housing Development
Finance Corporation
Ltd
Finance 25.40 3.30 140,836 27.67 -35.20
Nestle India LtdFood & Dairy
Products31.35 3.28 168,869 27.53 5.85
Infosys Technologies
Ltd
Computers -
Software &
Education
19.48 3.19 154,050 26.76 -39.05
Glenmark
Pharmaceuticals Ltd.Pharmaceuticals 45.15 2.68 353,210 22.49 -3.42
DSP Merrill Lynch Top
BSE100100 Equity Fund -
Growth
BSE Sensex
DSP Merrill Lynch Government Sector Fund – Growth
Fund facts
Objective
The primary investment objective of the Scheme is to seek to generate medium to long-
term capital appreciation from a diversified portfolio that is substantially constituted of
equity and equity related securities of corporate, and to enable investors to avail of a
deduction from total income, as permitted under the Income Tax Act, 1961 from time to
time.
37
SCHEME PERFORMANCE (%) AS ON AUG 8, 2008
1 Month 3 Months 6 Months 1 Year 3 Years 5 YearsSince
Inception
10.43 -11.45 -17.43 -1.02 NA NA 14.23
The disadvantage of Mutual Fund
Fund Manager Anup Maheshwari .
SIP
STP
SWP
Expense ratio(%) 2.36
Portfolio Turnover
Ratio(%)243.78
38
Type of Scheme Open Ended
Nature Equity
Option Growth
Inception Date Dec 21, 2006
Face Value
(Rs/Unit) 10
Fund Size in Rs. Cr. 467.31 as on Jul 31,
2008
No Guarantees: No investment is risk free. If the entire stock market declines in value, the value of mutual fund shares will go down as well, no matter how balanced the portfolio. Investors encounter fewer risks when they invest in mutual funds than when they buy and sell stocks on their own. However, anyone who invests through a mutual fund runs the risk of losing money.
Fees and commissions: All funds charge administrative fees to cover their day-to-day expenses. Some funds also charge sales commissions or "loads" to compensate brokers, financial consultants, or financial planners. Even if you don't use a broker or other financial adviser, you will pay a sales commission if you buy shares in a Load Fund.
Taxes: During a typical year, most actively managed mutual funds sell anywhere from 20 to 70 percent of the securities in their portfolios. If your fund makes a profit on its sales, you will pay taxes on the income you receive, even if you reinvest the money you made.
Management risk: When you invest in a mutual fund, you depend on the fund's manager to make the right decisions regarding the fund's portfolio. If the manager does not perform as well as you had hoped, you might not make as much money on your investment as you expected. Of course, if you invest in Index Funds, you forego management risk, because these funds do not employ managers
A measurement of an option position or premium in relation to the underlying
instrument. In mutual fund also there is certain amount of risk-return factor associated
according to the investment option these are as follows
Table No.1 Risk and Return of Mutual Fund
Risk ReturnEquity High High
Balanced Medium Medium
Debt Low Low
Reliance Life Insurance
39
Reliance Life Insurance, a part of the Reliance - Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group is India's
fastest growing life insurance company and among the top 4 private sector life insurers.
Reliance Life Insurance has a pan India presence and a range of products catering to
individual as well as corporate needs. Reliance Life Insurance has over 700 branches and 1,
80,000 agents. It offers 26 products covering savings, protection & investment requirements.
Reliance Life Insurance will endeavor to attain a leadership position in the market over the
next few years, by further expanding and strengthening its distribution network and offering a
diverse array of products to suit the varied and specific needs of individual customers.
Fundamentals of Life Insurance
What is Life Insurance?
An amount of money paid to someone (called beneficiary) when the Life Assured (in whose
name the insurance policy is taken) dies. This amount can be used to pay the expenses related
to Life assureds death or can be invested to generate income that will replace your salary.
Life Insurance is an important tool in any investors portfolio & can be used for - wealth
creation, asset building, provide for contingencies and retirement planning.
Types of Life Insurance Policies
40
The main reason to buy Life Insurance is to provide income replacement for your loved
ones
Most Insurance policies are a combination of Savings & Protection.
Products are formulated by either increasing or decreasing either one of these components.
These combinations can be broadly divided into 4 groups- ULIPs
- Term Insurance
- Endowment Policies : Whole Life; Unit Linked etc
- Annuities & Pension
Systematic Investment Plans( SIP) – For regular investment
SIP is investing a fixed sum periodically in a disciplined manner for long term. It gives benefit of Rupee Cost averaging.
In SIP monthly minimum Rs.500 or Rs.100 are invested.
Interest is calculating compoundly.
Many SIP gives insurance benefits.
VAP is modified version of SIP. It is Voluntary Accumulation Plan. It allows the investor flexibility with respect to the amount and frequency of investment.In VAP, investor has to impose voluntary self discipline.
Systematic Withdrawal Plan ( SWP) – For regular income
The lump sum amount is invested for one time and then fixed percent amount is withdraw monthly.
Life Stage in Life Insurance
41
Need Analysis in life Stages
18-25 (Unmarried)
30-45 years Couples with children
45 yrs and above
Matured couple
Retired
25-30 Marrid couples with no kids
No dependents/ liabilities
therefore need for insurance is
less
Introduction of dependents. Start
of financial planning – balance
between asset creation & protection
Peak earning age range. High asset
creation & build up of liabilities. Critical
stage for dependents Asset base build
up & liabilities reduced/ taken
care of. Need for retirement
planning more than protection.
Need for protection low.
Greater need for regular income
flow.
Endowment / ULIP’s Endowment / ULIP’s + Term Annuities
At each stage , requirements, responsibilities and Financial Needs differ
42
AGE STATUS INSURANCE
NEEDS
SUGGESTED
PRODUCTS
18yrs - 25yrs Unmarried 1.Go on a holiday
2.Buy a new Car
3.Set up a new house
4.Set up Interiors
5.Buy jewellery
Short Term Endowment Product
25yrs -30yrs Married
1.High Debt, high expenditure Phase
2.Family dependency on your income
3.Low accumulated wealth
4.Need for Planning Requirement
Temporary term or whole life Product
30yrs - 45yrs Matured couple 1.Retirement Planning
2.Wealth transfer or saving vehicles
Profits or Unit Linked Endowment/
Deferred annuities
43
3.Returns on investment
4.Opting for guaranteed Product
60yrs and above Post Retirement 1.Protection in case you live long
2.Protection for spouse in case of death
3.Wealth accumulation for children
1.Single Premium annuities
2.Long term care products
3.Whole life products
Protection Plans
Protect your family even when you’re not around by investing in Reliance Protection Plans.
Choose a limited period plan or a lifetime protection plan depending on your needs. The
latest Protection Plans are as below.
1. Reliance Term plan
2. Reliance Simple Term plan
3. Reliance Special Term plan
4. Reliance Credit Guardian plan
5. Reliance Special Credit Guardian plan
6. Reliance Endowment plan
7. Reliance Special Endowment plan
8. Rel iance Connect 2 Life plan
9. Reliance Whole Life plan
10. Reliance Wealth + Health plan
11. Reliance Cash Flow plan
44
Savings & Investment Plans
Reliance Savings & Investment Plans help you to set aside some money to achieve specific
goals in life, which means that you can enjoy life and provide for your family’s daily needs.
The savings and investment Plans are as below.
1. Reliance Total Investment Plan Series I - Insurance
2. Reliance Wealth + Health plan
3. Reliance Automatic Investment plan
4. Reliance Money Guarantee plan
5. Reliance Cash Flow plan
6. Reliance Market Return plan
7. Reliance Endowment plan
8. Reliance Special Endowment plan
9. Reliance Whole Life plan
10. Reliance Golden Years Plan
11. Reliance Golden Years Plan Value
12. Reliance Golden Years Plan Plus
13. Reliance Connect 2 Life plan
Retirement Plans
Invest today in Reliance Retirement Plans and save money to enjoy life even after retirement.
You will never have to depend on another person or make any compromises to maintain your
current lifestyle. The latest Retirement Plans are as below…
1. Reliance Total Investment Plan Series II – Pension
2. Reliance Golden Years Plan
3. Reliance Golden Years Plan Value
4. Reliance Golden Years Plan Plus
5. Reliance Wealth + Health plan
6. Reliance Automatic Investment Plan
7. Reliance Money Guarantee Plan
45
Child Plans
Save systematically and secure your child’s future needs by investing in Reliance Child
Plans. You can always be there for your child when he or she needs you. The Childs plans are
as below…
1. Reliance Child plan
2. Reliance Secure Child plan
3. Reliance Wealth + Health plan
Market Return Plan
Under This plan the investment risk in the investment portfolio is borne by the policyholder.
key features
Twin benefit of market linked return and insurance protection
A unit linked plan, different from traditional life insurance products with maximum
maturity age of 80 years
Option to create your own portfolio depending on your risk appetite
Choose from four different investment funds
Flexibility to switch between funds
Option to pay regular as well as single premium & top- ups
Option to package your policy with accidental rider
Flexibility to increase the sum assured
Liquidity through partial withdrawals
How does this plan work
The premium paid by the client net of premium allocation charges is invested in
fund/funds of your choice and units are allocated depending on the price of units for the
fund/funds. The fund value is the total value of units that you hold in the fund/funds. The
mortality charges and policy administration charges are ducted through cancellation of
units whereas the fund management charge is priced in the unit value.
46
Benefits
Life cover Assured: in case of unfortunate loss of life, the beneficiary will get sum
assured or fund value, whichever is higher. The client can choose the basic sum assured
within the minimum and maximum levels mentioned below.
Minimum sum Assured:
Regular premium: annualized premium for 5 years or annualized premium for
half the policy term, whichever is higher.
Single premium: 125% of the single premium.
Maximum sum Assured
No limit (50000 for age up to 12 years)
Maturity Benefits
On survival to maturity the fund value on maturity will be paid out.
Rider Benefits
The Client can add the Accidental Death & Total and Permanent Disablement Benefit Rider
(available only with the regular premium option).
This benefits doubles the life coverage in case of accidental death or accidental total and
permanent disablement at a very nominal additional cost. The maximum cover is Rs.
50,00,000 per life.
In case of accidental death of the life assured during the policy term, the accident benefit sum
assured will be paid immediately in a lump sum.
In case of accidental total and permanent disablement, 1/10th of the accident benefit sum
assured will be paid at the end of each year for ten years. If the total and permanent
disablement has commenced, the accidental death benefit cover ceases.
In case of maturity or on death of the life assured before payment of all installments of
accidental total and permanent disablement benefits, the remaining unpaid installments of any
will be paid in one lump sum along with death or maturity benefit.
47
Accidental total and permanent disablement means disability caused by bodily injury, which
causes permanent inability to perform any occupation or to engage in any activities for
remuneration or profits. This disability should last for at least 6 months before being eligible
for accidental total and permanent disablement benefits.
Accidental total and permanent disablement includes loss of both arms or both legs or one
arm and one leg or of both eyes. Loss of arms or legs means dismemberment by amputation
of the entire hand or foot. Loss of eyes means entire and irrecoverable loss of sight.
Value of Units:
The market value of assets plus/less expenses incurred
In the purchase/sale of assets plus current assets plus
Any accrued income net of fund management charges
Less current liabilities less provision
Unit Value =
Total number of units on issue (before any new units
are allocated/redeemed.)
48
Who can Buy the product
Minimum age at entry 30 days
Maximum age at entry 65 years
Maximum age at maturity 80 years
What is the policy term
Minimum policy term 5 years
Maximum policy term 40 years
Flexible premium payment modes:
Choose from five premium payment modes.
a) Annual – minimum premium is Rs. 10,000.
b) Half – yearly – minimum premium is Rs. 5,000.
c) Quarterly – minimum premium is Rs. 2,500.
d) Monthly – minimum premium is Rs. 1,000.
e) Single premium – minimum premium is Rs. 25,000.
Charges under the plan:
49
1. Premium allocation charge
For regular premium policies:
Term of the policy as below
Years 5-9 10 - 14 15+
First year 10% 15% 20%
Thereafter 5% 5% 5%
(The premium allocation charge for single premium & top – ups is 2%.)
2. Policy Administration charges:
Rs. 40 will be deducted from your unit account each month.
3. Fund Management Charges:
(The fund management charges will be deducted on a daily basis.)
Unit Linked Funds Annual Rate
Capital Secure 1.50%
Balanced Fund 1.50%
Growth Fund 1.75%
Equity Fund 1.75%
Revision of charges:
50
The fund management charges are subject to revision at any time, but hey will not exceed 2%
p.a. for the capital secure fund and 2.5% p.a. for the other funds.
Any changes made to the charges under this policy will be subject to IRDA approval.
1. Surrender Charge:
This charge is levied on the unit fund at the time of surrender of the policy as under:
Number of years premiums paid Surrender charge as percentage of fund
value
Less than 1 100%
1 50%
2 20%
3 and more NIL
2. Service Tax Charge
This charge will be levied on mortality, accident & disability benefit charges. The level of
this charge will be as per the rate of service tax on risk premium levied by the government
from time to time the correct rate of service tax is 12.36% this charge shall be collected along
with charges.
How safe is your investment
51
The investments made in the unit funds are subject to investment risks associated with
capital markets and the NAVs of the units may go up or down based on the
performance of the fund and the factors influencing the capital market, and the
insured is responsible for his/her decisions.
The unit price is a reflection of the financial and equity/debt market conditions and
can increase or decrease at any time due to this.
Benefits payable under the policy will be made according o the tax laws and other
regulations in force at that time.
There are no guarantees for any fund of any kind under this policy. The benefit
payable on maturity will be equal to the value of your units.
The name in the funds in n way indicates the returns derived from them.
Please note that Reliance life Insurance company limited is only the name of the
insurance company and Reliance market return plan is only the name of the unit
linked life insurance policy and does not in anyway indicate the quality of the policy
or its future prospects or returns
52
Research design/Methodology
Research design can be defined as the plan and structure of enquiry formulated in order to obtain answers to research questions on business on business aspects. Research design can be understood as that which gives the blueprint for collection, measurement and analysis of business data. The research plan constitutes the overall program of the business research process. The planning process includes the framework of the entire research process, starting from developing hypothesis to the final evaluation of collected data.
Research design is essential because it facilitates the smooth flow of various research results can be obtained with minimum utilization of time, money and effort. Therefore it can be said that design is highly essential for planning research activities. If research design is not properly prepared, it will jeopardize the whole research process and will not meet its purpose.
Exploratory Studies
Exploratory research is carried out to make problem suited to more precise investigation or to frame a working hypothesis from an operational perspective. Exploratory studies help in understanding and assessing the critical issues of problems. It is not used in case where a definite result is desired. However, the study results are used for subsequent research to attain conclusive results for a particular problem situation. Exploratory studies are conducted for three main reasons, to analyze a problem situation, to evaluate alternatives and to discover new ideas.
Research hypothesis
If a hypothesized relationship or prediction has to be tested by scientific methods, it is called research hypothesis. A research hypothesis is one that links an independent variable to a dependent variable. It should generally contain one dependent and one independent variable.
Hypothesis testing
H 0 - People will not prefer investment in ULIP of RLIC as Compared to mutual fund
H 1 - People will prefer investment in ULIP of RLIC as Compared to mutual fund
The Sample size taken for this Hypothesis is 370. The preference of 370 will be recorded and can be analyzed by ‘z’ test. Because sample size is more than 30
I have taken the response of 370 people. 210 persons had given positive preference for Reliance Life ULIP.
53
= 210
= 370
= 10
Sample size > 30
Z =
Z = 210-370/10
= -16
Level of significance = 5% i.e.1.96
54
-1.96 +1.96
Two tailed test
-16 falls in rejection region so Ho is rejected
H0 is Rejected and H1 is accepted then we can say that People will prefer investment in ULIP of RLIC as Compared to mutual fund
Method of Data collection
Data can be collected in different ways from the subject of study. One method is to observe subjects on certain parameters, which is called observation studies. In such studies, the
subjects (respondents) by asking them questions through a questionnaire. Here the researcher can adopt either method based on the study that needs to be conducted. For instance, if research has to be done on the traffic flow at a particular junction, then the observation method is best. On the other hand, if consumer preferences about a new product are to be estimated, then a questionnaire for obtaining consumer responses is the best method.
Research Design has been classified into four subsections they are:
1. Sample selection and size;2. Sampling procedure;3. Data collection; and
4. Analytical tools
Sample Selection and size
The first step of research is sample selection, for which the respondents were consumers in city. The total consumers covered were 400. The same numbers of questionnaires were distributed, but only 370 fully-completed questionnaires were received. Results are based on the response of these 370 respondents.
Sampling procedure
The consumers are selected by the convenience sampling method. The selection of units from the population based on their easy availability and accessibility to the researcher is known as convenience sampling. Convenience sampling can be used as a part of a preliminary research that forms a basis for conducting the detailed research. Convenience sampling is at its best in surveys dealing with an exploratory purpose for generating ideas and hypothesis.
55
Steps in Sampling Procedure
Defining the target population Specifying the sampling frame Specifying the sampling Unit Selection of the sampling method Determination of sample size Specifying the sampling plan Selecting the sample
Data Collection method.
For the present study, the survey method was used for collecting primary data. A structured questionnaire was used for the purpose. The questionnaire included multiple choice questions. The main source of secondary data has been Insurance Chronicle, ICFAI Journal of Services Marketing, the Icfai Journal of Consumer Behavior, Indian Journal
of Marketing, and Behavioral Finance.
The study employs primary data collected by communicating with the respondents with the help of structured questionnaire. Before undertaking the survey, pilot test of the questionnaire was done with 40 respondents. Their views were incorporated in the final questionnaire. The Marathi version of the questionnaire was also used in the survey to include responses of investors, who are not comfortable with the English language, as the research area is a area of Marathwada.
The study mainly deals with the financial behavior of individual investors towards mutual funds and ULIP
Analytical Data The data thus collected, was tabulated, interpreted and analyzed with a view to make the study meaningful. In the present study, hypothesis testing, percentage, frequency and cross tabulation methods have been used for analysis.
LIMITATIONS OF THE RESEARCH
56
The research is confined to a certain parts of Hyderabad and does not necessarily
shows a pattern applicable to all of Country.
Some respondents were reluctant to divulge personal information which can affect
the validity of all responses.
In a rapidly changing industry, analysis on one day or in one segment can change
very quickly. The environmental changes are vital to be considered in order to
assimilate the findings.
Sometime the customer did not give right information about himself.
Sometime the gap of communication was come in between the interaction.
The lack of knowledge in customers was remained the major limitation.
57
CHAPTER 4EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
58
BODY OF RESEARCH
TABLE: 1
TABLE SHOWING DIFFERENT AGE GROUP OF THE
RESPONDENTS
CHART - 1
AGE NO OF RESPONDENTS
0-18 0
18-36 40
36-54 50
54-72 10
72 & ABOVE 0
59
Inference: The majority of the respondents i.e. 46% are from the age group of 36-54. And the second largest age group is 18-36. And the remaining investors are from 54-72 age group.
PREFERRED FUND STRUCTURE
Table-2
Structure of the fund No of investors preferred
Open – ended fund 64
Close – ended fund 24
Interval funds 12
Total 100
CHART - 2
Inference: It is observed that 64 out of 100 that are 64% of investors are interested to invest their money in open ended funds the reason can be attributed to its convenience to enter and
60
exit at any time. 24% investors preferred to invest in close ended funds because they are long term investors as well as they want some tax benefits. And the remaining 12% investors replied that they don’t mind to invest in any funds including interval funds
INVESTORS SCHEME PREFERENCE
Table-3
Preferred fund scheme No of investors preferred
Growth scheme 52
Income scheme 16
Balanced scheme 32
Total 100
CHART - 3
Inference: In the above given graph it is showed that 52 out of 100 that are 52% of customers are interested to invest in growth schemes. 8 out of 25 that are 32% of customers are interested to invest in Balanced schemes and the remaining 16% customers are preferred to invest in Income schemes.
61
INVESTORS FUND PREFERENCE
Table-4
Type of fund No of investors preferred
Tax saver funds 15
Index funds 40
Sectorial funds 45
Total 100
CHART - 4
Inference: Out of 100 investors 15 that is 15% of customers are preferred to invest in Tax saver funds. 40 that is 40% of investors are preferred to invest in index funds which give
62
returns based upon respective indexes.. 45 that is 45% of investors are interested to invest in sectorial funds that means they are ready to take high risk but want high returns
Table-5
TABLE SHOWING REPEATION OF INVESTMENTS
MADE BY THE RESPONDENTS.
RESPONSE NO OF RESPONDENTS
YES 64
NO 36
TOTAL 100
Chart-5
Inference: Out of 100 respondents 64 customers have already reinvested in the company,
while the rest are waiting for a correct time to enter in the market for the second time.
63
No of Respondents
YES, 64
NO, 36YES
NO
GETTING MONTHLY / QUARTERLY STATEMENTS
FROM TIME TO TIME
TABLE-6
Getting Monthly / Quarterly statements from time to time
No of Investors
Yes 70
No 30
CHART - 6
Inference:
70 out of 100 people getting monthly/quarterly statements from time to time 30 out of 100 people not getting monthly/quarterly statements from time to time .
64
Table-7
RESPONDENTS RANKING ON THE CUSTOMER
SERVICE OF RELIANCE MUTUAL FUNDS
Chart-7
RANKS NO OF RESPONDENTS
ONE 34
TWO 16
THREE 26
FOUR 16
FIVE 8
65
Inference: Out of 100 respondents 34 ranked RELIANCE as AMC one for customer service
function.
Table-8
RESPONSE REGARDING AREAS FOR
IMPROVEMENT BY RELIANCE MUTUAL FUNDS
Chart-8
Inference: Out of 100 respondents 38 respondents want RELIANCE to improve at their
fund monitoring function.
AREAS NO OF RESPONDENT
CUSTOMER SERVICE 35
MONITORING OF FUND 38
AGENTS TRAINING 22
OTHERS 5
TOTAL 100
66
Table-9
REDEMPTION SATISFACTION OF THE CUSTOMERS
Satisfaction about Redemption facilities
No of Investors
Yes 65
No 35
Chart-9
Inference: Sixty five percent of the customers are happy with the redemption facilities of RMF.
67
Table-10
RESPONSE REGARDING USAGE OF VALUE ADDED
SERVICES OFFERED BY RELIANCE MUTUAL FUNDS
CHART-10
VALUE ADDED SERVICES NO OF RESPONDENT
ATM 0
Ecs 60
Online transaction 20
Direct investment 40
68
Inference: Most of the customers are making use of value added services of Ecs and a few of them make use online transaction and direct investment.
Table 11
Factors to be Considered in future Investment
Factors to Considered for future Investment
Sr. No. Factors Considered Responses
(No. of Persons)
1 Returns 165
2 Security of Money 195
Total 370
Chart 11 factors to Considered for future Investment
69
Interpretation
In future people will be more preferring to the security of their money means they want an secured option which should provide good returns. As ULIP are the option in which you can have the security also and good returns. The second choice of the investors is return of their money.
Table12
Most preferred way for investment
Table11. Mutual fund or ULIP
Sr.No. Investment Option Response(No. of Persons)
1 Mutual Fund 1702 ULIP 200
Total 370
Chart 12 Mutual fund or ULIP
Interpretation
As most of the people want the option which should provide security and good returns and there is only option available with good liquidity is ULIP of Reliance. 54% people had opted for ULIP as their future investment and 45% of people opted for Mutual Fund. So we can find that there not so much difference in these option.
70
Table 13
Rating for Reliance life Insurance ULIP
Rating for Reliance Life Insurance ULIP
Sr. No. Ratings Response
(No. of Persons)
1 Fair 30
2 Average 30
3 Good 80
4 Best 230
Chart 13 Rating for Reliance Life Insurance ULIP
71
Interpretation
62% of people given Best rating to the Reliance Life Insurance ULIP, so from this We can analyze that Reliance Life Insurance is doing good but it is having good potential in Market. To improve its market share they should improve the awareness level of the common people.
Table 14
Reasons to invest in RLIC
USP of Reliance Life Insurance
Sr. No. Factors Responses
(No. of Persons)
1 Innovative Products 110
2 Good returns 70
3 Good Brand Name 90
4 Good Marketing strategy 65
Chart . USP of Reliance Life Insurance
Illustration
72
Innovative Products and good brand name are the main success factor for Reliance Life Insurance. 35% customers are attracted due to the Innovative products offered by RLIC. So if RLIC wants to penetrate its market share they should improve the should give more emphasis on marketing strategy, improving the distribution channel etc.
Conclusions and/or Recommendations
From above analysis and survey we can conclude as follows
Awareness of Investment Products is increasing as more number of
private players are entering in life insurance industry.
Mutual Fund is also getting more and more famous in Indian market as
many private companies innovating new funds as the investors demand.
SIP differentiate from Mutual fund in respect of Insurance cover.
Investors in Reliance Money Products will be getting the advantage of
life insurance cover.
ULIP and Mutual fund are providing same type of investment funds like,
equity funds, debt funds, infrastructure fund, balanced fund etc.
In terms of expenses mutual funds are having low expenses .
Mutual fund companies charging 1.5% to 2.5% as entry and exit load,
Reliance Capital are charging 25% yearly as asset allocation charges.
People are turning to words the Investment Products as a good investment
option but as ULIP is in its starting phase so customers are preferring
only big brands.
Mutual fund is having good growth but many customers from rural areas
don’t have any knowledge about Mutual fund.
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Even investors from cities don’t have that much of Knowledge about
fund selection they all are depend on Brokers.
People are investing in only good branded companies as they don’t
believe on other financial companies for taking Investment Products.
There is a need for insurers to undertake a demand audit in order to
understand what the policyholder wants and needs.
Deriving the right feedback from customers and bringing out innovative
products which cater to customer demands will go a long way in tapping
the market potential of the insurance and Mutual fund sector.
Mutual fund and ULIP Insurance both are facing fierce competition;
increasingly more organizations are seeking to enhance their demand in
the market place.
For Reliance MONEY They should go for creating more awareness about
its ULIP & SIP as now also people are just investing because Reliance is
India’s most Known and Favorite brand in past.
RELIANCE MONEY should go for innovating more and more products
and improving the distribution channels as per the area of sales.
It was found that majority of the investors i.e.46% are from the age group
of 36-54. This is the group of middle age people who deserve to invest
for their future financial needs.
It was found that Out of 100 respondents 64 customers have already
reinvested in the company, while the rest are waiting for a correct time to
enter in the market for the second time.
It was observed that Out of 100 respondents 62 investors have reinvested
due to better returns and performance of funds. While the rest of the
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investors have voted for performance of funds and services provided by
the company.
It was observed that Out of 100 investors 15 that is 15% of customers are
preferred to invest in Tax saver funds. 40 that is 40% of investors are
preferred to invest in index funds which give returns based upon
respective indexes.. 45 that is 45% of investors are interested to invest in
sectorial funds that means they are ready to take high risk but want high
returns
It was found that Out of 100 respondents 34 ranked RELIANCE as AMC
one for customer service function.
It was found that Out of 100 respondents 38 respondents want
RELIANCE to improve at their fund monitoring function.
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QUESTIONNAIRE
NAME: ………………………………………………… AGE: …………………………………………………… PROFESSION: …………………………………………..
1. Have you ever invested in RELIANCE INVESTMENT PRODUCTS?
Yes [ ]
No [ ]
2. If yes why did you choose RELIANCE Investment Products?
3. By structure in which type of schemes did you invested?
Open - Ended Schemes [ ]
Close - Ended Schemes [ ]
Interval Schemes [ ]
4. By investment objective in which type of schemes have you invested?
Growth Schemes [ ]
Income Schemes [ ]
Balanced Schemes [ ]
5. In which type of fund you want to invest?
Tax saver funds [ ]
Index funds [ ]
Sectorial funds [ ]
6. Did you repeat your investment after your initial investments?
Yes No
7. Are you getting Monthly / Quarterly statements from time to time?
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Yes [ ]
No [ ]
8. Are you satisfied with the redemption facilities provided by RELIANCE MONEY?
Yes [ ]No [ ]
9. Are you satisfied with portfolio management managed by RELIANCE MONEY?
Yes [ ]No [ ]
10. Which value added service you are using?
ATM [ ] Online tranction [ ]Ecs [ ] Direct investment [ ]
11. Are you satisfied with value added services offered by RELIANCE MONEY?
Yes [ ]No [ ]
12. Grade the customer service of RELIANCE with regards to Mutual Funds on a scale of 1-10
(Where 1 will represent the best monitoring of fund, while 10 would reflect the poor monitoring of fund)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
13. What is your opinion on RELIANCE Mutual Funds overall performance?
Excellent [ ]Good [ ]Better [ ]Bad [ ]
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14. In what areas do you want RELIANCE mutual funds to improve?
E.g. Customer service
Monitoring of fund
Agents training
Others
THANK YOU
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REFERENCES
1. FEFSI statistics (Fe´de´ration Europe´enes des Fonds et Socie´te´s D’Investissement, the
European umbrella organisation of the investment fund industry), available at
http://www.fefsi.org.
2. Wilcox, R. (2001) ‘Advertising mutual fund returns’,
Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, Vol. 20, pp. 133– 137.
3. Jain, P. and Wu, J.S. (2000) ‘Truth in mutual fund advertising: Evidence on future
performance and fund flows’, Journal of Finance, Vol. 55, pp. 937-958.
4. Sirri, E. and Tufano, P. (1998) ‘Costly search and mutual fund flows’, Journal of Finance,
Vol. 53, pp. 1589–1622.
5. Advertising in the mutual fund business: The role of judgmental heuristics in private
investors’ evaluation of risk and return 8th August, 2002 Jenny Jordan Klaus P. Kaas
6. MUTUAL FUNDS IN INDIA - PERSPECTIVES AND STRATEGIES
Edition 2007 Published by ICFAI BUSINESS SCHOOL :- Arindam Banerjee
79
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS/MAGAZINES REFFERED:
STUDY GUIDE- PRINCILES & PRACTICES OF LIFE / GENERALINSURANCE,
by AIMA.
Books published by INSURANCE INSTITUTE OF INDIA
LIFE-INSURANCE, by Mc GILL
INSURANCEWATCH.
MONEYOUTLOOK
REFERENCES
Websites:
www.reliancemutualfunds.com
www.amfiindia.com
www.mutualfundsindia.com
www.mutualfundsindia.com
www.ask.com
www.faq.com
www.bseindia.com
www.amfiindia.com/mutual funds/nav/about funds/open ended schemes.com
www.investopedia/aboutus/html
GLOSSARY
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Advisor
Your financial consultant who gives professional advice on the fund's investments and to
supervise the management of its assets.
Amortization
A method of equated monthly payments over the life of a loan. Payments usually are paid
monthly but can be paid annually, quarterly, or on any other schedule. In the early part of a
loan, repayment of interest is higher than that of principal. This relationship is reversed at the
end of the loan.
Appreciation
When an investment increases in value, it appreciates. For example, a equity share whose
price goes from Rs. 20/- to Rs. 25/- has appreciated by Rs. 5/-.
Arbitrage
The practice of buying and selling an interlaced stock on different exchanges in order to
profit from minute differences in price between the two markets.
Asset
Property and resources, such as cash and investments, comprise a person's assets; i.e.,
anything that has value and can be traded. Examples include stocks, bonds, real estate, bank
accounts, and jeweler.
Asset Allocation
When you divide your money among various types of investments, such as stocks, bonds, and
short-term investments (also known as "instruments"), you are allocating your assets. The
way in which your money is divided is called your asset allocation.
Annualized Return
This is the hypothetical rate of return that, if the fund achieved it over a year's time, would
produce the same cumulative total return if the fund performed consistently over the entire
period. A total return is expressed in a percentage and tells you how much money you have
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earned or lost on an investment over time, assuming that all dividends and capital gains are
reinvested.
Balanced Fund
A mutual fund that maintains a balanced portfolio, generally 40% bonds and 60% equity.
Barter
The exchange of goods and services for other goods and services without the use of money.
Bid or Sell Price
The price at which a mutual fund's shares are redeemed (bought back) by the fund. The bid or
redemption price means the current net asset value per share, less any redemption fee or
back-end load.
Blue Chip
A share in a large, safe, prestigious company, of the highest class among stock market
investments. A blue-chip company would be called thus by being well-known, having a large
paid-up capital, a good track record of dividend payments and skilled management.
Capital
This is the amount of money you have invested. When your investing objective is capital
preservation, your priority is trying not to lose any money. When your investing objective is
capital growth, your priority is trying to make your initial investment grow in value.
Capital Gain
Profit from a sale of an investment constitutes a capital gain. For example, if you bought a
share of stock for Rs. 5/- and later sold it for Rs. 7/-, you would have a capital gain of Rs. 2/-.
Capital Gains Distributions
Payments (usually annually) to mutual fund shareholders of gains realized on the sale of
portfolio securities.
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Capital Growth
A rise in market value of a mutual fund's securities, reflected in its NAV per share. This is a
specific long-term objective of many mutual funds.
Closed-ended Mutual Fund
A mutual fund that offers a limited number of shares. They are traded in the securities
markets. Price is determined by supply and demand. Unlike open-ended mutual funds,
closed-ended funds do not redeem their shares.
Derivative
An investment contract based on an underlying investment called an "instrument." The most
common type of derivative is an option contract, which involves the right to buy or sell the
underlying instrument at an agreed price. Futures contracts are also derivatives.
Diversification
The policy of spreading investments among a range of different securities to reduce the risks
inherent in investing.
Dividend
When companies pay part of their profits to shareholders, those profits are called dividends.
A mutual fund's dividend is money paid to shareholders from investment income the fund has
earned. The amount of each share's dividend depends on how well the company does.
Endorsement
Assigning or transferring a lien to another person is accomplished through the use of an
endorsement. The words "PAY TO THE ORDER OF" and then the name of the person to
whom the lien is being assigned to, is written. If there is not enough space on the original
note to write an endorsement, it is written on a separate piece of paper that is permanently
affixed to the original note. This is called an along.
Face Value
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The face value is the term used to describe the value of a bond in terms of what the company
which issued the bond will actually repay when the loan matures. It's sometimes described as
nominal or par value.
Growth Fund
A mutual fund whose primary investment objective is long-term growth of capital. It invests
principally in common stocks with significant growth potential.
Income Fund
A mutual fund that primarily seeks current income rather than growth of capital. It will tend
to invest in stocks and bonds that normally pay high dividends and interest.
Index Fund
A mutual fund that seeks to mirror general stock-market performance by matching its
portfolio to a broad-based index (e.g. BSE Sensex).
Load
A sales charge or commission assessed by certain mutual funds ("load funds") to cover their
selling costs.
Net Asset Value
Also known as NAV, this is the unit price (or rupee value) of one unit of a mutual fund. NAV
is calculated at the end of every business day. It is calculated by adding up the value of all the
securities and cash in the mutual fund's portfolio (its assets), subtracting the fund's liabilities,
and dividing that number by the number of units that the fund has issued. It does not include
a sales charge. The NAV increases (or decreases) when the value of the mutual fund's
holdings increase (or decrease).
Redeemable
Preferred shares or bonds that give the issuing corporation an option to repurchase securities
at a stated price. These are also known as callable securities.
Redemption Fee
A fee charged by a limited number of funds for redeeming, or buying back, fund units.
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Redemption Price
The price at which a mutual fund's units are redeemed (bought back) by the fund. The
redemption price is usually equal to the current NAV per unit.
Reinvestment Date
The date on which a share's dividend and/or capital gains will be reinvested (if requested) in
additional fund shares.
Rupee Cost Averaging (SIP)
The technique of investing a fixed sum at regular intervals regardless of stock market
movements. This reduces average share costs to the investor, who acquires more shares in
periods of lower securities prices and fewer shares in periods of high prices. In this way,
investment risk is spread over time.
Sector Fund
A fund that operates several specialized industries sectors portfolios under one umbrella.
These sectors could be FMCG or Technology.
Systematic Investment Plan
Many mutual funds offer investment programs whereby unit holders can invest. The Unit
holders of the scheme can benefit by investing specific Rupee amounts periodically, for a
continuous period. The SIP allows the investors to invest a fixed amount of Rupees every
month or quarter for purchasing additional units of the scheme at NAV based prices.
Systematic Withdrawal Plans
Many mutual funds offer withdrawal programs whereby unit holders receive payments from
their investments. These payments are usually drawn from the fund's dividend income and
capital gain distributions, if any, and from principal only when necessary.
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