Constructive Process Essential Questions

Constructive ProcessEssential Questions

• What are surface features?• What are examples of constructive

process?• How can a surface feature be changed by

a constructive process?• What are surfaces features caused by

constructive processes?

Constructive Process

• Deposition –– a process of dumping sediment, dirt, rocks,

or particles in on place.

Constructive ProcessExamples of Deposition

Constructive Process

Surface Feature

Force

Deposition

Deltas water / riverFloodplains water / riverBeaches and Barrier Islands

water / ocean long-shore current

Sand dunes windMoraines and drumlins

Ice / glacier

Other Constructive ProcessesConstructive

ProcessSurface Feature

Force

Folding Mountains Plate tectonics

Faulting Mountains Plate tectonics

Earthquake Cliffs (fault scarp)

Plate tectonics

Volcanic Activity

Mountains / islands

Plate tectonics

Constructive Process Lesson Review

1. Deposition is a process thatA. Dissolves sedimentB. Breaks down rock to form sedimentC. Removes sediment from landformsD. Drops sediment to form landforms

Lesson Review

2. Where do deltas form?A. In desert areasB. At river mouthsC. On the banks of riversD. In valleys formed by glaciers

Lesson Review

3. Long shore currents help createA. BeachesB. DunesC. RiversD. Drumlins

Lesson Review

4. Volcanoes can create new land when they release

A. LavaB. WaterC. FaultsD. mud

Lesson Review

5. What forms moraines and drumlins?A. WindB. RiversC. GlaciersD. Volcanoes


• What are surface features?– Surface features are landforms and bodies of

water that cover the Earth’s surface such as:• Mountains, valleys, canyons, gorges, beaches,

sand dunes, barrier Islands, flood-plains, moraines, and drumlins, volcanoes, oceans, lakes, and rivers


• What are examples of constructive process?– Deposition– Volcanic Activity– Earthquake Activity– Faulting– Folding


• How can a surface feature be changed by a constructive process?– By natural forces such as wind, water, ice,

through the process of deposition.– The movement of the Earth’s crust

• Plate Tectonics


• What are surface features formed from constructive processes?

• Delta• Floodplains • Barrier island• Sand dune

• Moraine• Drumlin• Islands• Mountain Ranges• Cliffs – Fault Scarps

Destructive ProcessEssential Questions

• What are examples of destructive processes?

• How are surface features changed by destructive processes?

• What are examples of surface features caused by destructive processes?

Destructive Processes • Weathering – The breaking down of rock

– Mechanical / Physical• Freezing and thawing of Rock• Water freezing and expanding in cracks of rock• Impact of organisms

– Tree roots – Animals burrowing

– Chemical• Oxidation / rusting• Carbonic Acid / acid rain

– Caverns • Impact of organisms

– Secretion of acid from Lichen

Destructive Process

• Erosion – Movement of rock from one place to another – Water / Rivers

• Canyons• Gorges• V shaped Valleys

– Water / Ocean Waves• Sea arches• Sea stacks

– Wind• Buttes • Desert pavements

– Ice / Glaciers• U shape Valleys

– Gravity• Mast Wasting

Destructive Process• Volcanic Activity

– Movement of Earths Crust (Plate tectonics)• Reshaping of Mountains

• Earthquakes– Movement of Earths Crust (Plate tectonics)

• Trenches– cracks in the Earth Curst

Lesson Review1. What is weathering?

A. A type of climateB. The transport of sedimentC. The breakdown of rockD. The aging of rock

Lesson Review2. Which of theses is caused by

chemical weathering?A. desert pavementB. formation of U-shaped valleysC. formation of rustD. ice expanding in cracks in rock at is

weathering?

Lesson Review3. How do earthquakes change the

land? A. They transport sediment.B. They form cracks in the surface.C. They release ash and lava.D. They cause chemical weathering.

Lesson Review4. A river can form

A. Sea arches.B. U-shaped valleys.C. V-shaped valleys.D. Desert pavement.


• What are examples of destructive processes?– Weathering

• Mechanical / Physical• Chemical

– Erosion– Volcanic Activity– Earthquake Acuity


• How are surface features changed by destructive processes?– Freezing and thawing of the earth’s crust– Freezing water in cracks of rock– Oxidation / rusting – Carbonic acid / acid rain– Impact of organisms– Water / rivers and oceans– Ice / glaciers– Wind– Gravity– Movement of earth’s plates / plate tectonics


• What are examples of surface features caused by destructive processes?– Caverns / Carbonic Acid – V-shaped valleys / River water– Canyon / gorges / River water– Sea arches / Ocean Waves– Sea stacks / Ocean Waves– Buttes / Wind– Desert pavements / Wind– Reshaped mountains / Volcanoes – Trenches / Earthquakes

Controlling Constructive and Destructive Processes EQ

• How can constructive and destructive processes be controlled through the use of technology?

• How does technology affect constructive and destructive processes?

• What are examples of technology used to control constructive and destructive processes?

Effects on Constructive Processes

• Dam – a structure built across a river to control its flow– Positive Effect

• Flood Control• Hydroelectric Power

– Negative Effect• Holds back sediment

– Prevents deposition of flood plains, deltas, and beaches

Effects on Destructive Processes

• Prevention of beach erosion– Groin – a structure built perpendicular to the beach.

• Positive Effect– Traps sand that moves along the shore and causing the beach to

build up.• Negative Effect

– Beach Erosion down stream is worse.– Seawall – a structure built parallel to the shore

• Positive Effect– Protects land behind if from ocean the ocean waves

• Negative Effect– Ocean side beach will erode

– Beach Nourishment – sand from ocean or nearby rivers are pumped onto the beach

Effects on Destructive Processes• Prevention of beach erosion (cont)

– Seawall – a structure built parallel to the shore• Positive Effect

–Protects land behind if from ocean the ocean waves

• Negative Effect–Ocean side beach will erode

– Beach Nourishment – sand from ocean or nearby rivers are pumped onto the beach

Effects on Destructive Processes

• Prevention of soil erosion– Contour Plowing – method in which farmers plow across

the sided of hill instead of down– Terracing – the planting of corps on terraces (steps) built

into steep hillsides.– Windbreaks – rows of plants or fences.

• Slow down wind and limit the distance it can carry soil.– Vegetation – used to hold soil in place– Storm drain management – a system of drains

• Prevents flooding and soil erosion

Effects of Volcanoes and Earthquakes

• Volcanoes and Earthquakes can not be controlled; – However scientist have ways to determine when

and where these they might occur.• Volcanoes –

– instruments are used to detect changes in volcanoes• Earthquakes –

– Detailed maps show major faults– Safety Education– No new buildings on or near faults – Building codes to resists earthquakes– Seismographs – measures earthquakes on a rector scale

Lesson Review

1. What is the purpose of a groin?A. to strengthen damsB. to stop beach erosionC. to create new sediment on

shorelinesD. to break down headlands

Lesson Review

2. Beaches that have eroded are reclaimed through

A. weathering.B. building of seawalls.C. beach nourishment.D. building of terraces.

Lesson Review

3. Which of these is not a way to prevent soil erosion?

A. planting vegetationB. contour plowingC. building windbreaksD. building dams

Lesson Review

4. Scientist know where earthquakes will occur because they know the locations of

A. faultsB. volcanoesC. mountainsD. long-shore currents.

Lesson Review

5. Which of these do scientists use to predict when a volcano is likely to erupt?

A. the age of the volcanoB. earthquakes beneath the volcanoC. temperature of nearby riversD. the hardness of rock near the

volcano


• How can constructive and destructive processes be controlled through the use of technology?

• Flooding – Dams

• Beach Erosion– Groins– Seawalls– Beach nourishment

• Soil Erosion– Contour plowing– Terracing– Wind breaks– Planting of vegetation– Storm drain management systems


• How does technology effect constructive and destructive processes?– Dams –

• Positive Effect– Flood Control– Hydroelectric Power

• Negative Effect– Prevents deposition of flood plains, deltas, and beaches

– Groins –• Positive Effect

– Traps sand that moves along the shore causing the beach to build up.• Negative Effect

– Beach Erosion down stream is worse.– Seawalls –

• Positive Effect– Protects land behind from ocean waves

• Negative Effect– Ocean side beach will erode


• What are examples of technology used to control constructive and destructive processes?– Dams– Groins– Seawalls– Wind Breaks– Contour plowing technique– Terracing technique– Storm Drainage Systems– Beach Nourishment

Unit Review

1. What landform forms from deposition at the mouths of rivers?

A. a deltaB. a floodplainC. a sand duneD. a moraine

Unit Review

2. Deposition forms these features on coasts.

A. drumlinsB. floodplainsC. barrier islandsD. U-shaped valleys

Unit Review

3. What causes V shaped valleys to form?

A. deposition at river mouthsB. erosion by riversC. weathering by windD. erosion by glaciers

Unit Review

4. A dam across a river can causeA. the formation of a delta.B. the carving of a valley.C. the erosion of a beach.D. the formation of a sea stack.

Unit Review

5. Which of these helps prevent the harmful effects of erosion?

A. damsB. volcanoesC. Long-shore currentsD. contour plowing

Unit Review

6. In which type of climate are you most likely to find a sand dune tht is not on the coast?

A. dryB. humidC. icyD. hot

Unit Review

7. What is the purpose of a groin?A. to prevent chemical erosion of rockB. to release trapped sediment from

behind damsC. to help predict volcanic activityD. to stop erosion of beaches

Unit Review

8. What does erosion do? A. breaks down rock physicallyB. moves broken pieces of rockC. changes rock chemicallyD. change sediment into rock

Constructive Process Essential Questions

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