Construction phases
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Transcript of Construction phases
PLANING/PRE-PLANING PHASE
DESIGN PHASE
PRE-CONSTRUCTUCTION
CONSTRUCTION PHASE
POST CONSTRUCTION/CLOSE OUT PHASE
CLIENT IS AN IMPORTANT PERSON IN
CONSTRUCTION
CLIENT IS THE ONE WHO INVEST MONEY
CLIENT IS THE ONE WHO OWN THE PROJECT
CLIENT LOOK AFTER PROJECT FROM STARTING TO
END
CONSULTANT IS A PROFESSIONAL WHO PROVIDE
PROFESSIONAL OR EXPERT ADVICE
CLIENT CONTACT WITH CONSULTANT DIRECTLY FOR
HIS/HER PROJECT.
CONSULTANT IS A CONNECTING ROPE BETWEEN
CLIENT AND CONTRACTOR.
CONSULTANT PREPARE DRAWINGS, DOCUMENTS AND
SPECIFICATIONS
CONTRACTOR IS AN EXPERT OR PROFESSIONAL IN
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS WHO PLAY A LEADING ROLE
DURING CONSTRUCTION.
CONTRACTOR IS IN DIRECT CONTACT WITH
CONSULTANT.
CONTRACTOR COME INTO PLAY FROM THE INTIAL
STAGE UPTO THE LAST STAGE.
CONTRACTOR CAN BE SOMETIMES CONSULTANT ALSO.
CLIENT
• IDEA
CONSULTANT
• DOCUMENTS
• DRAWINGS
• TENDER NOTICE
CONTRACTOR
• PRIME CONTRACTOR
• SUB CONTRACTOR
PLANNING
ANY CONSTRUCTION PROJECT STARTS WITH THE DESIRE OF CLIENT/OWNER.
MASTER PLAN CREATE AND SIGNED OFF BY OWNER.
MASTER PLAN INCLUDE FUNCTION, SIZE, ECONOMIC REQUIREMENT OF PROJECT, ALSO INCLUDE TIME DURATION AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY (PROJECT BUDGET AND FINANCING).
SITE SELECTION.
CLIENT CONTACT CONSULTANT FOR DESIGNING OF THE PROJECT.
ARCHITECT/ENGINEER TAKES THE LEAD IN DESIGN.
ARCHITECT DESIGN 2D AND 3D DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS OF THE PROJECT.
HERE ARCHITECT PREPARES BILL OF QUANTITY.
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS INITIATE WITH THE AWARDING OF PROJECT TO THE CONTRACTOR.
CONTRACTOR IN THIS PHASE IS A KEY PLAYER.
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS CARRY ON UNLESS THE HANDLING OF PROJECT TO OWNER.
BIM is essentially "the process of generating and managing information about a building during its entire life cycle".
“BIDDING IS AN OFFER (OFTEN COMPETITIVE) OF SETTING A PRICE ONE IS WILLING TO PAY FOR
SOMETHING OR A DEMAND THAT SOMETHING BE DONE. A PRICE OFFER IS CALLED A BID.”
BOND
A TYPE OF SURETY BOND USED BY INVESTORS IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS TO PROTECT AGAINST AN ADVERSE EVENT THAT CAUSES DISRUPTIONS, FAILURE TO COMPLETE THE PROJECT DUE TO INSOLVENCY OF THE BUILDER(S), OR THE JOB'S FAILURE TO MEET CONTRACT SPECIFICATIONS.
BOQ
A BILL OF QUANTITIES (BOQ) IS A DOCUMENT USED IN TENDERING IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN WHICH MATERIALS, PARTS, AND LABOR (AND THEIR COSTS) ARE ITEMIZED.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
ASSURANCE OF QUALITY OF MATERIAL ETC BY SUPPLIER.
CONTRACT
CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT IS SIMPLY MUTUAL OR LEGALLY BINDING AGREEMENT BETWEEN TWO PARTIES BASED ON CERTAIN POLICIES AND CONDITIONS GENERALLY RECORDED IN DOCUMENTATION FORM. THE TWO PARTIES INVOLVED ARE OWNER AND CONTRACTOR.
AN INVITATION IS BEING SEND TO THE BIDDERS IN THE FORM OF TENDER NOTICE EITHER BY THE SENDING AN INVITATION LETTER OR BY GIVING AN ADVERTISEMENT IN THE NEWS PAPER OR ON THE WEBSITE.
THE INTERESTED BIDDERS MUST NEED TO DEPOSIT SOME MONEY IN ORDER TO TAKE THE VOLUMES FROM THE CLIENT OR CONSULTANT. THIS MONEY IS USUALLY 25000 Rupees.
NORMALLY PEC HAS 3 VOLUMES FOR BOQ.
VOLUME 1
VOLUME 2
VOLUME 3
BUT SOME FIRM USES VOLUME 4 AS WELL.
VOLUME 4
CONDITION OF CONTRACT
INVITATION LETTER
INSTRUCTION TO BIDDER
BIDDING DATA
IT HAS DIFFERENT APPENDIX'S AND APPENDIX D IS OF BOQ.
GCC IS ALSO THE PART OF V₁.
USUALLY THE LOWEST RESPONSIBLE BIDDER IS AWARDED THE PROJECT.
NOC: NOC MEANS NO OBJECTION
CERTIFICATE. AN NOC DATE IS GIVEN TO THE CONTRACTOR WHICH MEANS HE HAVE TO START HIS WORK UPON THE NOC DATE.
ACTING AS THE OWNER'S REPRESENTATIVE OR AGENT
PROJECT PLANNING AND RECOMMENDATIONS ON PROJECT DELIVERY
CONSTRUCTABILITY REVIEWS
VALUE ENGINEERING
DEVELOPING SCHEDULES
ESTABLISHING WORKING BUDGETS CONSULTING ON DESIGN, UTILITY AND
BUILDING COSTS REVIEWING CONTRACTOR
QUALIFICATIONS MONITORING CONTRACTOR AND
DESIGN TEAM PERFORMANCE CONSTRUCTION PHASE SERVICES QUALITY CONTROL LITIGATION SUPPORT
CONTRACTOR IS RESPONSIBLE FOR PROVIDING ALL OF THE MATERIAL, LABOR, EQUIPMENT (SUCH AS ENGINEERING VEHICLES AND TOOLS) AND SERVICES NECESSARY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE PROJECT.
GENERAL CONTRACTOR HIRES SPECIALIZED SUBCONTRACTORS TO PERFORM ALL OR PORTIONS OF THE CONSTRUCTION WORK.
HEALTH AND SAFETY
RESPONSIBILITIES MAY INCLUDE APPLYING FOR
BUILDING PERMITS.
SECURING THE PROPERTY.
PROVIDING TEMPORARY UTILITIES ON SITE.
MANAGING PERSONNEL ON SITE.
PROVIDING SITE SURVEYING AND ENGINEERING.
DISPOSING OR RECYCLING OF CONSTRUCTION WASTE.
MONITORING SCHEDULES AND CASH FLOWS.
MAINTAINING ACCURATE RECORDS.
A joint venture (JV) is a business agreement in which the parties agree to develop, for a finite time, a new entity and new assets by contributing equity.
They exercise control over the enterprise and consequently share revenues, expenses and assets.
when two or more persons come together to form a temporary partnership for the purpose of carrying out a particular project, such partnership can also be called a joint venture where the parties are "co-venturers".
Topographic survey:It helps to locate the NSL with the MSL reference
Clearing and grubbing:Clearing and grubbing process occur on the Natural Surface Level
(NSL) then to achieve NGL(Natural Ground Level) the compaction
of NSL is carried out.
FDT:Field density test of the soil is then took place which is the
compaction of embankment layers and this test is done for each layer
separately.
Problems face by the contractor
during construction:There might be a number of problems e.g.
•Strikes
•Shortage of fuel
•Equipment’s failure
•Weather conditions
•Any mishap on field
The contractor must need to report the consultant in case of any
work delay.
Project Inspector:Meanwhile, member of the consultant always remain on site for the
quality assurance and monitoring of safety factors. The QA/QC and
EHS are also the contractor’s responsibility .Before the starting of
any new work the contractor is bound to have a consultant’s sign on
the check request. Without his permission no work can be started
on the field. He only signs the check request after all the test results
comes positive and when he is completely satisfied by the
contractor’s work.
The IPC Reports:There might be a number of IPC reports. IPC stands for In-
term Payment Certificate. It’s the demand of money by the contractor to the client after the completion of the amount of work mentioned in the contract.
• Substantial completion• Once the project is sufficiently complete, the contractor will ask
the architect to conduct a substantial completion inspection to
confirm that the work is complete in most respects.
• Contractor implies that the work is complete enough for the owner
to occupy the facility and start using it, even though there might be
cosmetic and minor work yet to be completed.
• Punch list• List of incomplete portions of the work (to be completed)
• The punch list, which is prepared by the contractor, is used by the
engineer as a checklist to review all work, not merely the incomplete
portions of the work.
Post-Construction (Project Closeout) Phase:• Certificate of final completion:• After the contractor carries out all the corrective work identified during the substantial completion inspection and so informs the architect, the architect (with the assistance of the consultants) carries out the final inspection of the project.• If the final inspection passes, certification for final payment is issued by the architect, which entitles the contractor to receive the final payment from the owner.
Record documents (As‐built documents)):• Minor changes are often made during the construction of a project.• Changes must be recorded for the benefit of the owner should the owner wish to alter or expand the building in the future.