Ahsanullah University of

Science & Technology

Course teacher: Ms. Urmi Devi

Mr. Wahid Hasan

Course Name: Details of Construction

Course No: CE 200

Group No: 04 Section- C

Construction Materials

Group Members

ID• 12-01-03-105• 12-01-03-111• 12-01-03-117• 12-01-03-125• 12-01-03-130• 12-01-03-140• 12-01-03-145• 12-01-03-150• 12-01-03-155• 11-02-03-033

Name• S.M. Rafsan• Mamun Or Rashid• Asif Mahmud Tanvir• Asif Faisal• Lamiya Sharmeen• Mahamuda Khatun• Nur-A-Alam Munim• Anish kanti Karmakar• Abinash Paul• Tonmoy Kundu

Materia

ls

Brick

Reinfor -cement

Cement

Coarse aggrega

te

Sand

Cement• Cement is binder, a substance that sets and

hardens independently, and can bind other materials together.

Types of Cement

Cement

Portland Cement Special Cement

Portland cement

Ordinary

Pozzolana

Rapid hardening

Rapid hardening

Rapid hardening

Rapid hardening

Rapid hardening

Rapid hardening

Rapid hardening

Special Cement

Composition of Cement

Constituents Typical (%)

1. Lime (CaO) 60-70

2.Silica (SiO2) 20-25

3. Alumina (Al2O3) 3-8

4. MgO 1-4

5. Fe2O3 2-4

6. SO3 1-5

7. Alkalies 1

8. Gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O) 3-5

Manufacturing Process of Cement

Testing of Cement• Fineness Test• Test for Setting Time• Test for Soundness• Test for Strength• Normal Consistency

In our site they used OPC which contains small amount of fly ash

Specification of Cement

42.5 N •28 days cube strength•N is the ordinary early strength

Specific gravity

•3.15

•197 pcf

Unit Weight

3 days

• 1840 psi

7 days

• 2850 psi

28 days

• 4280 psi

Compressive strength from BUET Test

In Special Case

Rapid Hardening Cement•Highway Slab•In Cold WeatherQuick Setting Cement•Under Running Water•Bridge PiersLow Heat Cement•In Dams, Retaining Wall,•Bridge Abutments, Large Piers

Air Entraining Cement•For resisting frost action•Fire incidents

Pozzolana Cement•Where Higher plasticity is required•Higher workability

Sulphate Resisting Cement•To prevent Sulphate attack of soil

Each cement bag contains 50 kg of cement

The price varies from 450-500 BDT

COST IN LOCAL MARKET

Aggregates

Aggregates are those chemically inert materials which bonded by cement paste form concrete .

Fine Aggregatese.g. sand

Coarse Aggregates

e.g. stone chips

fine aggregate form of silicate of small grains formed by the decomposition of sandstone due to

various weathering effects.

Fine sand: FM= 0.1-0.5 Medium sand: FM= 0.8-1.25 Coarse sand: FM= 2.75-3.20

Sand

Classification based on fineness

River Sand Pit Sand Sea

Sand

Classification according to source

Extraction of sand from riverbed

Carried by pipes

Transportation by steamer Transportation by truck

Collection of Sand

Mainly river sand is used in our country. In local market there are two types of river sand:

Sylhet Sand (FM 2.5)

Local Sand (FM 2)

In local market there are three types of sylhet sand available.

Sand from Fajilpur Sand from Sunamganj

Sand from Dayer

Sylhet Sand

Sand used in Site

Sylhet Sand Mymensingh Sand

FM =2.5 FM =2.8

COST IN LOCAL MARKET

Type of Sand Unit Cost

Sylhet sand (From

Sunamganj)

per cft 25 tk

Sylhet sand (From

Fajilpur )

per cft 28 tk

Sylhet sand (From

Dayer )

per cft 28 tk

Normal sand per truck 900 tk

Coarse Aggregate

Coarse aggregate is that aggregate whose particles

completely pass through 7.5 cm mesh sieve and which are

entirely retained on 4.75 mm sieve.

Coarse Aggregate

Brick Chips Stone Chips

Preparation of Brick chips

Using Machine Manually

Brick chips : There are two types brick chips available in local market.

No 1:: Reddish in colour . Use: used in columns,roof. Price: 60 tk /cft

No 2:: Use: floor casting. Price: 45 tk/cft

Preparation of Stone chips

Collection

Breaking

Transportation

Used in the site

¾ inch stone chips

½ inch stone chips

67% 33%

Stone chips :Two types on local market :

No 1:: Collected from Volaganj. Most preferable, good quality, fresh chips. Mostly used as CA in concrete. Price: 87 tk/cft.

No 2:: Collected from Sunamganj. Contains dust, less quality. Price: 65 tk /cft.

Rebar, a portmanteau for reinforcing bar or reinforcement bar, is commonly used in reinforced concrete and reinforced masonry structures.

It is usually formed from carbon steel. Concrete is very strong in pure

compression, but relatively weak in tension .Steel reinforcing helps share the tensile stresses

Rebar

(Reinforcement bar)

Classification of Rebar

• Deformed (have repeating pair of edges)

• Straight (no edges)

According to

pattern:

• grade 40(equivalent of metric grade 280), which can resist tensions of 40 ksi.

• grade 60(equivalent of metric grade 420), which can resist tensions of 60 ksi and

• grade 75(equivalent of metric grade 520), which can resist tensions of 70ksi.

According to

Grade

Basic Rebar

Stainless Steel Rebar

Galvanized

Rebar

Epoxy-Coat

Rebar

Type of Steels for a Concrete Rebar :

Different Rebar Sizes

MetricSize

ImperialSize

MetricDiameter

ImperialDiameter

MetricWeight

ImperialWeight

#10 #3 9.5 mm .375" 0.560 Kg/m

0.376 lbs/ft

#13 #4 12.7 mm .500" 0.994 Kg/m

0.688 lbs/ft

#16 #5 15.9 mm .625" 1.552 Kg/m

1.043 lbs/ft

#19 #6 19.1 mm .750" 2.235 Kg/m

1.502 lbs/ft

#22 #7 22.2 mm .875" 3.042 Kg/m

2.044 lbs/ft

#25 #8 25.4 mm 1.00" 3.973 Kg/m

2.670 lbs/ft

#29 #9 28.7 mm 1.128" 5.060 Kg/m

3.400 lbs/ft

#32 #10 32.3 mm 1.270" 6.404 Kg/m

4.303 lbs/ft

#36 #11 35.8 mm 1.410" 7.907 Kg/m

5.313 lbs/ft

#43 #14 43.0 mm 1.693" 11.38 Kg/m

7.650 lbs/ft

#57 #18 57.3 mm 2.257" 20.24 Kg/m

13.600 lbs/ft

Reinforcing Bar Identification

Availability in Bangladesh

Some important steel industries in our country are :

BSRM steel- Bangladesh Steel Re-Rolling Mills Ltd.

SARM steel- S. Alam Cold Rolling Mill Ltd..

RSRM steel- Ratanpur Steel Re-Rolling Mills Ltd.

KSRM steel - Kabir Steel and Rerolling Mills

Abul Khair Steel Industries Ltd.

P.H.P. Cold Rolling Mill

Rebar Used in Site

In Columns

In St. Bar:25 mmKSRM- 60 Grade

In Ties : 12mm

KSRM- 40 Grade

In Beams

In St. Bar:25 mmKSRM- 60 Grade

In Stirrups : 10mm

KSRM- 40 Grade

SL# Product Name Product Size Cost(per ton)

01  DEFORMED BARS Xtreme-500W  8 mm  TK.65,500 

  DEFORMED BARS Xtreme-500W  10 mm to 25 mm  TK.65,500 

  DEFORMED BARS Xtreme-500W  28 mm to 32 mm  TK.66,000 

02 DEFORMED BARS (GR-60)  8 mm  TK.65,000 

  DEFORMED BARS (GR-60)  10 mm to 25 mm  TK.65,000 

  DEFORMED BARS (GR-60)  28 mm & 32 mm  TK.65,500 

03  DEFORMED BARS (GR-40)  8 mm  TK.65,000 

  DEFORMED BARS (GR-40)  10 mm to 25 mm  TK.65,000 

  DEFORMED BARS (GR-40)  28 mm & 32 mm  TK.65,500 

  DEFORMED BARS (GR-300)  8 mm  TK.63,000 

  DEFORMED BARS (GR-300)  10 mm to 20 mm  TK.63,000 

04  DEFORMED BARS (GR-75)  7 mm  TK.73,000 

  DEFORMED BARS (GR-75)  5.7 mm  TK.77,000 

  DEFORMED BARS (GR-75)  4.5 mm  TK.77,000 

Present Cost in Local Market

Timber

• Denotes structural wood obtained from tree

Mostly used in shuttering purposes

Bamboo Props

Door and Window

Wooden Stairs

Definition :

Bricks can be defined in these ways: Regular sized rectangular unit which is used for most of the building work and as a substitute for stone, where stone is not available.

Bricks

“Durability of bricks depends on proper proportion of alumina & silica”

Name of the ingredient Proportion Silica (SiO2) 55%

Alumina(Al2O3) 30%

Iron Oxide (Fe2O3) 8%

Magnesia (MgO) 5%

Lime(CaO) 1%

Organic matter 1%

Ingredients

1st class brick (S-grade)

2nd class brick (A-grade)

3rd class brick(B-grade)

USED IN BUILDING OF LONG DURABILITY E.G. 100 YEARS

USED MAINLY FOR GENERAL PURPOSE

BROAD CLASSIFICATION OF BRICKS

INTENDED DURABILITY NOT MORE THAN 15 YEARS .

Over burnt or Jhama brick

Under-burnt or pilla brick

Used for lime concrete for foundation

USED AS SURKI

USED FOR LIME CONCRETE FOR FOUNDATION

Preparation of Brick

Bricks used in Site

1st class brick (S-grade) used in our site

Grade Cost(Taka) per thousands of pieces

No-1 and Over burnt than no-1 4,500-5,000

No-2 3,800-4,000

No-3 2,000-2,500

Over burnt than No-3 3,000-3,500

Broken 700-800 (per troly)

Cost in Local Market

Concrete

• An artificial stone-like material used for various structural purposes.

• General Components:

Cement(7-15%)

AggregateFA(28-51%)

CA (31%)

Water(14-21%)

Admixture(2-5%)

Concrete Features at Site

Mix ratio =Cement: Sand :CA = 1: 1.5 : 3

W/C ratio> 0.35

Unit Weight of Concrete= 2400 kg/m or 150pef

Ready Mixed Concrete was used to accelerate the construction work

Mortar• An intimate mixture prepared by mixing a

binding material, inert matter and water.

• Types:

Mortar

Cement

Mortar

Mud Morta

r

Lime morta

r

Uses of mortar

Plastering Brick Masonary

CC Block

Admixtures•  Materials in the form of powder or fluids• Added to the concrete to give it certain

characteristics• In normal use, admixture dosages are less than

5% by mass of cement

Types• Air-entraining admixtures• 2. Water-reducing admixtures• 3. Plasticizers • 4. Accelerating admixtures• 5. Retarding admixtures• 6. Hydration-control admixtures• 7. Corrosion inhibitors• 8. Shrinkage reducers• 9. Alkali-silica reactivity inhibitors• 10. Coloring admixtures

Admixture used in our Site

Sika

Other Modern Technology Based Materials

• Plastic Lumber • Cellular Polycarbonate Glazing• Insulating Concrete Forms• Recycled Wood• Recycled Steel

• Green Cement Produced by using Recycled Materialsdoesn’t emit Carbon-Dioxide, but absorbs

itResists Sulphate AttackResistant to Chemical AttackResistant to Heat exposureStronger than ordinary cement

Retrofit with FRPFRP products help in reaching 3 times

the strngth of steel in 24 hours

Retrofitting an existing structure is needed when crack develops

Jamuna Multipurpose Bridge was repaired by using FRP

Thank You