SAINT PAUL SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND LAW

Course Syllabus in Constitutional Law 11st Semester, School Year 2011-2012

COURSE DESCRIPTION

A study of the Constitution and the basic principles dealing with the structure of the Philippine Government and supported by relevant legislation and jurisprudence. The subject is a major component of Political Law.

UNITS: 3

HOURS: 3 hours a week  

POLITICAL LAW      Definition

Macariola v. Asuncion, 114 SCRA 77

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW

Concept of Constitutional Law

Basic Concepts

ConstitutionalismPhilippine Constitutionalism

Doctrine of Constitutional Supremacy

THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION

Nature of the Constitution

Definition

Classification

Essential parts

 History   

Pre-1935 Constitution

Schurman Commission

Taft Commission

Spooner Amendment

Philippine Bill of 1902

Jones Law of 1916

Tydings-McDuffie Act of 1934

Sanidad vs. Commission on Elections GR L-44640 12 October 1976

1935 Constitution 

Declaration of Martial Law

Aquino v. Enrile 59 SCRA 183     

1973 Constitution

Javellana v. Executive Secretary 50 SCRA 33

 1986 Snap Presidential Election

Philippine Bar Association. v. Comelec 140 SCRA 455

 EDSA

Proclamation No. 1 Feb. 25, 1986           

Proc. No. 3, Mar. 25, 1986

Lawyers League v. Aquino GR 73748

May 22, 1986

In re: Bermudez 145 SCRA 160

            Freedom Constitution

THE 1987 CONSTITUTION

In re: Letter of Reynato Puno June 29, 1992

210 SCRA Effectivity           

De Leon v. Esguerra 153 SCRA 602  AMENDMENT PROCESS

Amendment vs. Revision     

Procedure

Proposala. By Congressb. By a Constitutional Convention

                        Theories on Position of Constitutional Convention

c. By the People thru Initiative

RA 6735                             

Defensor-Santiago v. Comelec GR 127325

March 19, 1997 Ratification

Doctrine of Proper Submission                       

Tolentino v. Comelec 41 SCRA 702

      Review of Amendments           

Javellana v. Executive Secretary 50 SCRA 30

Sanidad v. Comelec 73 SCRA 333

  PREAMBLE

Purpose

Author

Social Contract

STATE

Elements People  Territory  Government

People vs. Sandiganbayan 2nd DivisionGR 145951 12 August 2003

Sovereignty

Separate Opinion, Kapunan, J., Isagani Cruz v. Secretary of DENR G.R. No. 135385 Dec. 6, 2000 En Banc

      Effects of Change

Macariola v. Asuncion114 SCRA 77

Belligerent Occupation 

Doctrine of Jus Postliminium

Dominium vs. Imperium

Lee Hong Kok vs. David

G.R. No. L-30389 Dec. 27, 1972

The Visiting Forces Agreement

Bayan v. Zamora G.R. No. 138570

October 10, 2000

Philippines as a State

CIR v. Campos Rueda 42 SCRA 23 1971

Functions

Constituent vs. Ministrant

Valmonte vs. Belmonte170 SCRA 256 1989

       Laissez-faire vs. Welfare State

      Doctrine of Parens Patriae

Cabanas v. Pilapil 58 SCRA 94

Classification

De Jure           

De Facto

Lawyers League v. Aquino GR 73748 May 22, 1986

 

STATE IMMUNITY

Basis

U.S.A. vs. Reyes  March 1, 1993      Immunity

Determination [Department of Foreign Affairs]

Liang v. PeopleG.R. No. 125865 January 28, 2000

Foreign States & Diplomats

Par en Parem non habet imperium            Process of Suggestion

The Holy See v. RTC, GR 101949 Dec. 1, 1994

 International Organizations and Agencies        

DFA v. NLRC Sept. 18, 1996

              Callado v. IRRI, 244 SCRA 210

When is a suit against a State?

Republic v. Feliciano148 SCRA 424 1987

Consent

Express

Republic v. Feliciano148 SCRA 424

                  General Law CA 327

PD 1445

Art. 2180 [Civil Code]

Act No. 3038                 

Special Law                       

Meritt v. Gov't. of the Phil. Islands34 Phil. 311

            Implied Consent                  State commences litigation

When government submits itself to the court's jurisdiction

Froilan v. Pan Oriental ShippingSept. 30, 1954

Republic v. SandiganbayanG.R. No. 85384 Feb. 28, 1990               

State enters into a business contract

USA v. Ruiz, 136 SCRA 487             Suability not synomous with liability

Fontanilla v. Maliaman194 SCRA 486

        Government Agencies           

IncorporatedFarolan v. CTA 217 SCRA 298 1993

Municipal Corporations

Municipality of San Fernando v. Judge Firme 195 SCRA 692              Unincorporated

Principal function is governmental

Farolan v. CTA 217 SCRA 298                 

Proprietary:  Suable

      Suits against Public Officers

City of Angeles v. CA Aug. 28,1996

            Wylie v. Rarang 209 SCRA 357

Lansang v. CAG.R. No. 102667

February 23, 2000 

Consent to be sued is not synonymous with consent to executionMunicipality of Makati v. CA

190 SCRA 206

Municipality of San Miguel v. Fernandez 130 SCRA 56

City of Caloocan v. Allarde

G.R. No. 107271

September 10, 2003

Immunity not a tool to perpetrate an injustice           

Ministerio v. CFI of Cebu 40 SCRA 464

NATIONAL TERRITORY

Territory

a.Article III, Treaty of Paris

b.The US-Spain November 7, 1900 Treaty

c. The US-Great Britain January 2, 1930 Treaty

d. R.A. 3046 (June 17, 1961)

e. R.A. 5446 (September 8, 1968)

f. P.D. No. 1596, June 11, 1978 (other territories)

g. P.D. No. 1599, June 11, 1978 (200 Mile Exclusive Economic Zone)

Philippine Archipelago

Archipelagic Doctrine

Territorial Sea

Contiguous Zone

Exclusive Economic ZoneUN Convention on the Law of the Sea

Sultanate of Sulu and the Sabah Claim

Spratlys Claim

 

DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES AND STATE POLICIES

DISTINCTIONPRINCIPLES

THE PHILIPPINES: A REPUBLICAN STATE

Republicanism            Manifestations                  

Nemo est supra leges

Rule of majority Accountability of Public Officials

                 Bill of Rights

Legislature cannot pass irrepealable laws 

Separation of Powers                       

Principle of Blending of Powers                        Principle of Checks and Balances

Senate v. Ermita E.O.464 G.R. No. 169777

 

Non-delegation of powers

Phil. Interisland Shipping Ass'n. v. CA GR 100481

Jan. 22, 1997Potestas delegata non delegare potest Election through popular will Act of State

Renunciation of war

War of Aggression

Defensive War

Doctrine of Incorporation      Civilian Supremacy

IBP v. ZamoraG.R. No. 141284 August 15, 2000

Role of the Military      Government to serve and protect the people    People to defend the State

Separation of Church and State

STATE POLICIES 

Independent Foreign Policy      Nuclear Free Philippines    Just and dynamic social order Social Justice

Calalang v. Williams 70 Phil. 726

      Human dignity and human rights      Fundamental Equality of men and womenLaws protecting the women’s sector

RA 9710            RA 9262RA 8353RA 7192

Promotion of health and ecology

Doctrine of Inter-generational Responsibility

Oposa v. FactoranGR 1010183

July 30, 1993

Education, science and technology

Education

Right to education

Villar v. TIP 135 SCRA 706

Tangonan v. Cruz-Pano137 SCRA 245

Educational mandate of the state

Tablarin v. Gutierrez 152 SCRA 370

University of the Philippines v. Ayson 176 SCRA 571

Alcuaz v. PSBR 178 SCRA 135

Scholarship

Cui v. ArrellanoG.R. No. L-15127May 30, 1961

LaborLand Reform

Ass'n. of Small Land Owners v. Sec. of Agrarian Reform 175 SCRA 343

 Regalian Doctrine

Cruz v. DENR Secretary

G.R. No. 135385 December 6, 2000

La Bugal-B’laan Tribal Assn. v. DENR SecretaryGR 127882Jan. 27, 2004

Republic v. CAGR 103882 Nov. 25, 1998

Inalienable Lands of the Public Domain

Chavez v. PEA & AMARI GR 133250

Nov. 11, 2003 People's organizations Family and Youth           

Cabanas v. Pilapil, 58 SCRA 94 Self-reliant and independent national economy

Tañada v. Angara GATT GR 118295

May 2, 1997 Communication and information in nation-building Autonomy of Local Governments            Decentralization of Administration Decentralization of Power

Basco v. PAGCOR 197 SCRA 52 Autonomous Region

Disomangcop v. DPWH Secretary GR 149848

November 25, 2004 Indigenous Cultural Communities

Cruz v. DENR Secretary G.R. No. 135385 December 6, 2000

 Honest public service and full public disclosure                 

CITIZENSHIP

Definition

Importance of Citizenship

Elizabeth Lee. V. Director of Lands G.R. No. 128195

October 3, 2001

Nationality

Modes of Acquisition  

Pre-1935

1973

1987    Citizens of the Philippines

Pre-1935

Citizens under the 1935 Constitution

a. The Caram Ruleb. Those whose fathers were citizensd. Those who elected upon reaching majority agee. Those who were naturalized

Citizens under the 1973 Constitution

a. Those who were already citizensb. Those whose fathers and mothers are citizensc. Those who electedd. Those who were naturalized

Citizens under the 1987 Constitution

Who are Philippine Citizens :

Article IV, Section 1

1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of adoption of the 1987 Constitutiona. Citizens under the 1935 Constitution

The Caram RuleThose whose fathers were citizensThose who elected upon reaching majority ageThose who were naturalized

b. Citizens under the 1973 ConstitutionThose already citizensThose whose fathers and mothers are citizensThose that electedThose who were naturalized

2. Those whose fathers & mothers are citizens3. Those that elect Philippine Citizenship4. Those who are naturalized in accordance with law.

Natural Born Citizens

Article IV, Section 2

Advantages of natural born citizens

Article XII, Section 8Article VII, Sections 2 & 3 Article VI, Sections 3 & 6 Article VIII, Section 7 (1) Article XI Section 8Art. IX-B Section 1(1)Art. IX C Section 1(1) Art. IX D Section 1(1) Article XII, Section 20 Article X111, Section 17 (2)

1.Those whose fathers and mother are citizens.2.Those who elect Filipino citizenship2.Former natural born citizens who reacquire citizenship by repatriation

Tecson v. Comelec [FPJ] G.R. No. 161434

March 3, 2004

Bengson v. HRET G.R. No. 142840 May 7, 2001

In re Ching, Bar Matter No. 914October 1, 1999

Co v. HRET 199 SCRA 692 1991

           Election of Philippine citizenship

In re: Vicente ChingBar Matter No. 914

October 1, 1999

Doctrine of Implied Election           Co v. HRET G.R. No. 92191-92 July 30, 1991

       Naturalization

1. By Judicial Proceeding

a) Com. Act No. 473 (Revised Naturalization Law) Sections 2,3,4,5,7,8,15 & 18

b) R.A. No. 530, Section 1 - effect on the wife and children

Republic v. Liyao 214 SCRA 7481992

Moy Ya Lim Yao v. Commissioner of Immigration41 SCRA 292

Republic v. De la Rosa 232 SCRA 785

Djumantan v. DomingoJan. 30, 1995

2. By Administrative Proceeding (R.A. No. 9138)

3. By Direct Act of Congress

4. Denaturalization      

Loss of citizenship

Article IV, Section 3

Coquilla v. ComelecG.R. No. 151914July 31, 2002

By naturalization

Frivaldo v. Comelec 174 SCRA 245

Labo v. Comelec176 SCRA 1

Express renunciation Expatriation

Yu v. Defensor-Santiago 169 SCRA 364 Reacquisition

Com. Act. No. 63, Section 1(2)

Frivaldo v. Comelec257 SCRA 727 1996

Jao v. Republic 121 SCRA 358 1983

Angat v. Republic GR. No. 132244September 14,1999

Yu v. Santiago169 SCRA 364 1989

RA 8171 [Repatriation]

RA 9225 [Dual Citizenship]          Retroactivity

Frivaldo v. Comelec257 SCRA 727

June 28, 1996

 Dual citizenship /Dual allegiance

Sec. 40, R.A. 7160 Local Govt. Code

Aznar vs Comelec G.R. No. 83820 May 25, 1990

     Mercado v. Manzano GR 135083 May 26, 1999

      Res judicata in citizenship casesDoctrine of Indelible Allegiance

LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT

    Legislative power

Original Legislative power

Derivative Legislative power

Plenary

Limitations

Substantive

Procedural

Delegata potestas non potestdelegari

Maritime Manning v POEAG.R. No. 114714 April 21, 1995

Exceptions/Permissible Delegation

Emergency Powers to the President

Tariff Powers to the President

Local Government Units

Administrative BodiesPeople

                              Subordinate Legislation

Miners Association v. Factoran GR 98332 Jan. 16, 1995

                                    Sub-delegation of Powers

                                   

Tests for valid delegation

Completeness Test                              

Sufficient Standard Test

Ynot v. IAC 148 SCRA 659     

                                    Legislative standard need not be expressed

Chiongbian v. Orbos245 SCRA 253

             The completeness test and (2) the sufficient standard test.

“A law is complete when it sets forth therein the policy to be executed, carried out or implemented by the delegate. It lays down a sufficient standard when it provides adequate guidelines or limitations in the law to map out the boundaries of the delegate's authority and prevent the delegation from running riot. To be sufficient, the standard must specify the limits of the delegate's authority, announce the legislative policy and identify the conditions under which it is to be implemented.”

Houses

Bicameralism Unicameralism

 

Senate CompositionQualifications

Term of office House of Representatives/District Representatives  

CompositionQualificationsTerm of office

Natural-born           

Bengson v. HRET G.R. No. 142840 May 7, 2001 

Residence/Domicile

Marcos vs. COMELEC G.R. No. 11997618 September 1995

Aquino v. ComelecG.R. No. 120265 September 18, 1995

Term of office

Party-list Representatives 

QualificationsTerm of office

Apportionment of Seats

CIBAC v COMELECG.R. No. 172103 2007

Veterans Federation Party v. Comelec G.R. No. 136781

October 6, 2000

Ang Ladlad v. Comelec  G.R. No. 190582

April 8, 2010

Ang Bagong Bayani-OFW Labor Party v. Comelec G.R. No. 147589

June 26, 2001 Apportionment of Legislative Districts

Montejo v. Comelec GR 118702 Mar. 19, 1995

Mariano v. Comelec 242 SCRA 211

Gerrymandering

Doctrine of Equal Representation

Rule of one-man-one-vote

Aquino v. ComelecG.R. No. 189793               April 7, 2010

 Privileges                 

Freedom from Arrest

Martinez v. Morfe 44 SCRA 22

1972

                  Parliamentary Immunity

Jimenez v. Cabangbang17 SCRA 714

 Effect of Imprisonment                       

People v. Jalosjos G.R. Nos. 132875-76 February 3, 2000     

Effect of Election on the issue of Detention

Trillanes v. PimentelG.R. No. 179817June 27, 2008

Disqualifications and Inhibitions                 

Flores v. Drilon 223 SCRA 563 1994

Sessions

Adjournment

Officers

Santiago v. GuingonaG.R. No. 147589 June 26, 2001

 Quorum

Avelino v. Cuenco 83 Phil. 17

Rules of Proceedings

Pacete v. Sec. of the Commission on Appointments 40 SCRA 58 1971

Arroyo v. De Venecia [Sin-taxes] GR 127255Aug. 14, 1997

 Discipline of members

De Venecia v. Sandiganbayan,February 2, 2002      

Santiago v. Sandiganbayan,April 19, 2001

 Paredes v. Sandiganbayan G.R. 11836

August 10, 1995

Suspension

Preventive Suspension

Santiago v. SandiganbayanG.R. No. 128055April 18, 2001

 Electoral Tribunals                 

Composition

Abbas v. Senate Electoral Tribunal 166 SCRA 651

 Bondoc v. Pineda 201 SCRA 792

      Powers

                        Sampayan v. Daza 213 SCRA 807

                  Jurisdiction over Proclamation Controversy

Caruncho v. Comelec G.R. No. 135996 September 30, 1999 Commission on Appointments

Composition            Guingona v. Gonzales

214 SCRA 789

Coseteng v. Mitra 187 SCRA 377 1990

     Powers

Sarmiento v. Mison 156 SCRA 549

    Legislative Process/Procedural Limitations

Requirements as to bills

One Bill: One subject                                   

Guzman v. Comelec G.R. No. 129118July 19, 2000

Cruz v. Paras 123 SCRA 569                 

Sufficiency of Title

Chongbian v. Orbos 245 SCRA 253

Phil. Judges Association v. PradoGR 105371

Nov. 11, 1993

Requirements as to certain laws

Appropriation laws

Art. VII, Sec. 22Art. VI, Secs. 24-25 and 29

Tolentino v. Secretary of FinanceGR 115455 Aug. 25, 1994Motion for Reconsideration, Oct. 30, 1995

Guingona v. Carague196 SCRA 221 1991

Art. VI, Sec. 28Art. XIV, Sec. 4 (3-4)

Tan v. del Rosario 237 SCRA 324

Garcia v. Executive Secretary 211 SCRA 219                               Bills that must originate exclusively from the House                                   

Tolentino v. Secretary of FinanceGR 115455

Aug. 25, 1994MR, Oct. 30, 1995

 Procedure for the passage of bills                         

Three readings on separate days                             

Bicameral Conference Committee 

Approval of Bills

Enrolled Bill Theory

Casco Chemical v. Gimenez, 7 SCRA 347                  Legislative Journal /Enrolled Bill 

Morales v. Subido,27 SCRA 131 1969

Astorga v. Villegas 56 SCRA 714

1974                Presidential veto

Qualified v. Absolute Veto

Pocket veto

Messaged Veto v. Pocket Veto

No pocket veto in the Philippines

Item veto                                   

Bengzon v. Drilon208 SCRA 133

                              Legislative veto

One-House Veto

Phil. Constitution Association v. Enriquez,235 SCRA 506

 Effectivity of laws

Civil Code, Art. 2

Tanada v. Tuvera

136 SCRA 27

1985

Exec. Order No. 200

June 18, 1987

Power of the Purse                 

Implied limitations                        

 Guingona v. Carague 196 SCRA 221

                  Constitutional limitations and rules

                        Riders

                        Sub rosa appropriation

                        Prohibition against transfer of appropriation

Phil. Constitution Association v. Enriquez 235 SCRA 506

 

Power of Taxation

Separation of Church and State 

Power of Legislative Investigation

Senate v. Ermita E.O.464 Issue G.R. No. 169777

Executive Privilege Doctrine

Neri v. SenateG.R.No. 180643 September 4, 2008

Bengzon v. Senate Blue Ribbon Committee 203 SCRA 767

 Contempt Powers

Arnault v. Balagtas 97 Phil. 358

Declare existence of state of war 

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT

President

Vice-President            Qualifications      Natural-born Citizen

Tecson v. Comelec G.R. No. 161434March 3, 2004

 Election

Congress as canvassing board                 

Supreme Court as Electoral Tribunal

Defensor-Santiago v. RamosPET Case No. 001 Feb. 13, 1996

            Term of office Privileges

Official residence                  Salary Presidential Immunity

In re: Bermudez 145 SCRA 160

Beltran v. Makasiar 167 SCRA 393

                        Estrada v. Arroyo G.R. No. 146738March 2, 2001

           MR April 3, 2001 Prohibitions and inhibitions Rules on Succession                 

Vacancy at beginning of term                 

Vacancy during the term                 

Temporary Disability

Removal of the President

Estrada v. Arroyo

G.R. No. 146738March 2, 2001

           MR April 3, 2001     

Powers and Functions of the President

Executive Power

Art. VII, Sec. 1 and 17

Marcos v. Manglapus177 SCRA 668178 SCRA 760 (1989)

Ople v. Torres293 SCRA 141

Art. VII, Sec. 17

Control of Executive Departments

Art. X, Secs. 4 and 16

General supervision of local governments and autonomous regions

Pimentel v. Aguirre 336 SCRA 201

Ganzon v. Court of Appeals

200 SCRA 271

1991

Power of appointment

Consent of the Commission on Appointments

Quintos-Deles v. Commission on Appointments177 SCRA 254

Manalo v. $istoza August 11, 1999

Sarmiento v. Mison

156 SCRA 549

Bautista v. Salonga 172 SCRA 160

Art. VII, Secs. 13 and 15

Limitations on appointing power of the President

Aytona v. Castillo4 SCRA 1 1962

Jorge v. Mayor10 SCRA 331 1964

Art. VI, Sec. 19Art. VII, Sec.16

Interim or recess appointments

Temporary designations

Adm. Code of 1987, Bk. III, Sec. 17

Executive clemencies

Art. VII, Sec. 19; Art. IX-C, Sec. 5

Pardon distinguished from probation

Pardon distinguished from parole

Torres v. Gonzales152 SCRA 272 1987

Pardon d is t inguished f rom amnesty

Effect of Pardon

Monsanto v. Factoran 170 SCRA 190 1989

People v. Salle, Jr.250 SCRA 581 1995

Sanctions for violations of conditional pardons

Pardon in administrative cases

Llamas v. Executive Secretary 202 SCRA 844 1991

Who may avail of amnesty?

Macaga-an v. People 152 SCRA 430 1987

Powers as Commander-in-Chief

Calling Out of the AFP

IBP v. Zamora G.R. No. 141284 August 15, 2000

David v. Macapagal-ArroyoG.R. No. 171396May 3, 2006

        Power to Declare State of Rebellion

Lacson v. PerezG.R. No. 147780 May 10, 2001

 Power to Declare Martial Law                             

Aquino v. Enrile

59 SCRA 183                       Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus

Lansang v. Garcia 42 SCRA 448

Garcia-Padilla v. Enrile 121 SCRA 472 

SANLAKAS v. Executive SecretaryG.R. No. 159085February 3, 2004

Emergency powers

Art. VI, Sec. 23(2)David v. Macapagal-ArroyoG.R. No. 171396. May 3, 2006

Contracting and guaranteeing foreign loans

Rep. Act No. 4860

Power over foreign affairs

Recognition of foreign states

Conduct of foreign relations

Phil. International Trading Corp. v. Angeles 263 SCRA 421 1996

Settlement of disputes with foreign powers

Treaty-making

Executive Agreements

Treaties vs. Executive Agreements

Deportation of undesirable aliens

Go Tek v. Deportation Board 79 SCRA 17

1976

Legislative Powers

Municipality of San Juan v. CASept. 29, 1997

Ople v. Torres GR 127685

July 23, 1998  Residual Powers

Marcos v. Manglapus 177 SCRA 668 Power to Determine National Policy

Prosecution of CrimesWebb v. De Leon

247 SCRA 652

 Preparatory Committee on Constitutional Reforms

Gonzales v. Narvasa G.R. No. 140835 August 14, 2000

                         Power of Removal      Power of Control                       

Control vs. Supervision                             

Drilon v. Lim GR 112497 Aug. 4, 1994

                     Alter-ego Principle /Doctrine of Qualified Political Agency

Manubay v. GarilaoG.R. No. 140717               April 16, 2009

Executive Privilege Doctrine

Neri v. SenateG.R. NO. 180643March 25, 2008Senate vs. Ermita GR 169777

April 20, 2006

Carpio v. Executive Secretary Feb. 14, 1992

                        The Executive Secretary

Lacson-Magallanes v. Pano 21 SCRA 895

 Power to Impound

Philconsa v. Enriquez Aug. 19, 1994

    

JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT

Judicial Power            Jurisdiction

Diaz v. CADec. 5, 1994

First Lepanto Ceramics v. CA Oct. 7, 1994

 Safeguards to insure independence of the Judiciary           Fiscal Autonomy       POWER OF JUDICIAL REVIEW

Functions of Judicial Review

Marbury v. Madison, 5 US 137, 2 L.Ed. 60

     Defensor-Santiago v. Guingona GR 134577

Nov. 18, 1998 

Francisco v. House of Representatives GR 160261 Nov. 10, 2003

 Judicial Supremacy

Constitutional Supremacy Political vs. Justiciable Question           

Estrada v. Arroyo G.R. No. 146738 March 2, 2001Brillantes v. Concepcion GR 163193 June 15, 2004

 Judicial Review and the Political Question Doctrine

Article VIII, Sec. 1

Marcos vs. Manglapus 177 SCRA 668

Constitutionality

Lim v. Pacquing GR 115044 Jan. 27, 1995

 

REQUISITES: Actual Case /Controversy

Board of Optometry v. Colet GR 122241 July 30, 1996

Mariano v. Comelec 242 SCRA 211

La Bugal-B’laan Tribal Assn. v. DENR SecretaryGR 127882

Jan. 27, 2004

MOOT

David v. Macapagal-Arroyo PP1017 GR 171396 May 3, 2006

La Bugal-B’laan Tribal Assn. v. DENR Secretary GR 127882

Dec. 1, 2004

Pimentel vs. Ermita GR 16497813 October 2005

Sanlakas vs. Executive Secretary Reyes GR 159085

3 February 2004

Proper Party     

Conventional Standing

Representative Standing

Joya v. PCGG225 SCRA 568

 David v, Macapagal-Arroyo G.R. No. 171396

Jus Tertii/Third Party Rights

Telecom v. ComelecG.R. No. 132922 April 21, 1998

Transcendental importance

Kilosbayan v. Guingona 232 SCRA 110

Kilosbayan v. Morato GR 118910

Nov. 16, 1995 Members of Congress

Philconsa v. Enriquez 235 SCRA 506

 IBP v. Zamora G.R. No. 141284August 15, 2000

 The Government            

People v. Vera 65 Phil. 56

 Taxpayer’s Suits

Bayan v. Zamora G.R. No. 138570

October 10, 2000

Issue should be raised at the earliest possible opportunity Constitutional issue must be the LIS MOTA  Doctrine of Purposeful Hesitation

Board of Optometry v. ColetG.R. No. 122241 July 30, 1996,

Drilon v. Lim GR 112497 Aug. 4, 1994

 Declaration of Unconstitutionality            Doctrine of Operative Fact

Planters v. FertiphilG.R. No. 166006March 14, 2008

Republic v. CA GR 79732

Nov. 8, 1993

Appointment to the Judiciary

Procedure for Appointment            Judicial and Bar CouncilSupreme Court 

Qualification

Composition           

En Banc & Division cases                 

Fortich v. Corona G.R. No. 131457August 19, 1999

 Powers                 

Supervision over the Judiciary

Dolalas v. Office of the Ombudsman Dec. 24, 1996

                  Rule-making powers

Maniago v. CA 253 SCRA 674                  Writ of Amparo

Writ of Habeas Data            Equipoise Rule            Decisions of the Court

Nicos Industrial Corp. v. CA 206 SCRA 127

                 Prudential Bank v. Castro

158 SCRA 646             Power to control execution of decision

Echegaray v. Secretary of Justice GR 132601Jan. 19, 1999

            Tenure of Justices/Judges

De la Llana v. Alba 112 SCRA 294

            Removal and Discipline

Maceda v. Ombudsman GR 102781 Apr. 22, 1993

            Salaries                 

Nitafan v. Commisioner of Internal Revenue 152 SCRA 284

   INDEPENDENT CONSTITUTIONAL COMMISSIONS

Independence of the Commissions            Prohibition on appointment in an acting capacity

Brillantes v. Yorac 192 SCRA 358

      Disqualifications and Inhibitions      Decisions -  Certiorari to the Supreme Court

Galido v. Comelec Jan. 18, 1991

Garces v. CAJuly 17, 1996

      SC Revised Admin. Cir. 1-95

Civil Service Commission      Scope

DOH v. NLRC 251 SCRA 700      Approval of appointments

Luego v. Civil Service Commission 143 SCRA 327

Ramonte v. CSC 244 SCRA 498

 Commission on Elections     

En Banc and Division cases

Sarmiento v. Comelec212 SCRA 307

      Powers and Functions

Loong v. Comelec GR 133676

Apr. 14, 1999

Relampagos v. Cumba 243 SCRA 690

Exclusive Original Jurisdiction

Appellate Jurisdiction

Guieb v. Fontanilla 247 SCRA 348

Aug. 14, 1995      Special Registration of New Voters

Akbayan Youth v. Comelec G.R. No. 147066March 26, 2001

Commission on Audit

Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. COA GR 101976 Jan. 29, 1993

  

ACCOUNTABILITY OF PUBLIC OFFICERS

Rationale

Impeachment            Impeachable Officers

Grounds for Impeachment            Procedure                 

Romulo v. Yniguez 141 SCRA 263            Criminal Prosecution                 

Estrada v. Arroyo G.R. No. 146738 March 2, 2001Decision on MR April 3, 2001

 Sandiganbayan           

Jurisdiction

Lacson v. Executive Secretary G.R. No. 128096 January 20, 1999

 Ombudsman

Scope

*Barangay official           

Supervision and control

Acop v. Office of the Ombudsman248 SCRA 566

Power of Removal             Prosecutorial Powers

Camanag v. Guerrero GR 121017 Feb. 17, 1997

            Power to issue subpoena

 Form of complaint

Almonte v. Vasquez244 SCRA 266

            Power to Investigate Administrative Charges                  Concurrent with the Office of the President

Hagad v. Dadole 241 SCRA 242

                  Concurrent with the DOJ

Honasan v. DOJ Panel of Investigating Prosecutors,GR 159747,Apr. 13, 2004

            Investigate cases of ill-gotten wealth

Republic v. Sandiganbayan Sept. 24, 1994

            Ombudsman for the Military

Agbay v. Deputy Ombudsman for the Military G.R. No. 134503

July 2, 1999         

Special Prosecutor

Zaldivar v. Gonzales 160 SCRA 843

 Commission on Human RightsPowers and Functions of the Commission                 

Cariño v. CHR GR 96681

Dec. 2, 1991

Civil Rights vs. Political Rights

Simon v. CHR 229 SCRA 117

Jan. 5, 1994           Fiscal Autonomy                 

CHR Employees Assn. v. CHR GR No. 155336

Nov. 25, 2004 

PCGG

Chavez v. PCGG GR 130716 Dec. 9, 1998

           Cojuangco v. Roxas

195 SCRA 797

Republic v. Sandiganbayan 258 SCRA 685

Romualdez v. Sandiganbayan 244 S 152            Sequestration

Republic v. Sandiganbayan GR 106244 Jan. 22, 1997     

            Effect of Order signed by one commissioner

Republic v. Sandiganbayan GR 113420, Mar. 7, 1997

 Imprescriptibility of Right of State to Recover Ill-gotten Wealth

Presidential Committee on Behest Loans v. DesiertoG.R. No. 130140 October 25, 1999 

NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PATRIMONY

Tanada v. Angara G.R. No. 118295 May 2, 1997

Natural Resources

La Bugal-B'Laan Tribal Association v. Ramos G.R. No. 127882 January 27, 2004

Acquisition of Private lands

Citizenship requirement

Lee v. Republic366 SCRA 524

Exception

Acquisition by legal succession

Ramirez v. Vda. de Ramirez 111 SCRA 704

Acquisition by former natural born citizen

Agrarian reform

Urban land reform and housing

Lease to foreigners of private lands valid

Smith, Bell & Co. v. Register of Deeds 96 Phil. 53 1954

Civil CodeArt. 1643

Regulation of economic activities

Rationale

Art. XII, Secs.6 and 12-13

The NEDA and development program

The MANILA HOTEL CASE

Manila Prince Hotel 267 SCRA 408 1997

Organization and regulation of private corporations

Operation of public utilities

On mass media and advertising industry

Practice of professions

State operation of private enterprisesAgan v. PIATCO, May 5, 2003

Marine Radio Communication Association v. ReyesNovember 6, 1990

Monopolies, combinations, and unfair competition

PPA v. Mendoza 138 SCRA 632 1985

Money, banking and credit

Cooperatives

EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,ARTS AND CULTURE AND SPORTS

Education

Science and Technology

Arts and Culture

Sports

AMENDMENTS OR REVISIONS

Initiative and Referendum

R.A. 6735People’s Initiative and Referendum Act

Defensor-Santiago v. Comelec GR 127325

March 19, 1997

Lambino vs. COMELEC G.R. No. 174153 25 October 2006

         Indirect Initiative                    

SBMA v. Comelec Sept. 26, 1996

            Recall

Garcia v. Comelec Oct. 5, 1993

Loss of confidence

Evardone v. Comelec 204 SCRA 464, 472

GENERAL PROVISIONS

The Flag

R.A. 8491Flag and Heraldic Code

Ebralinag v. Division Supt. of Schools219 SCRA 256 1993

On the name, anthem and seal

Com. Act No. 382September 5, 1938

On the Armed Forces of the Philippines

On the national police

On retirement and other benefits

On consumer protection

TRANSITORY PROVISIONS

-END-

The law is a jealous mistress, and requires a long and constant courtship. It is not to be won by trifling favors, but by lavish homage."

The Value and Importance of Legal Studies

- Joseph Story (1779-1845)