CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER...
Transcript of CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER...
![Page 1: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER
Application
Configuration
Internal Construction
Dielectric Fluid
Accessories
![Page 2: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
APPLICATION
Distribution – Running lights, HVAC, Office
Motor Control Center
Dedicated Load – Pump, Crusher
Extreme Duty – Drag-line
![Page 3: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Available ConfigurationsAvailable ConfigurationsPadmountPadmountStationStationSecondary Unit SubstationSecondary Unit SubstationSpecialtySpecialty– Grounding, Rectifier, Mine Duty
![Page 4: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Shell vs. Core Form Transformers
Rectangular vs. Round Coil Construction
Disk Wound
INTERNAL CONSTRUCTION
![Page 5: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Shell form & core form transformer constructionShell form & core form transformer construction
- 3 legged stacked core-Each phase shares a core bar. Harmonic
content can lead to tank heating if wye/wye connected.
-5 legged wound core-Each phase has a magnetic flux return path
independent from the other phases.
IEEE Std C57.12.80-2002 definitions:
Shell form: A transformer in which the laminationsconstituting the iron core surround the windings and usually enclose the greater part of them.
Core form: A transformer in which those parts of theMagnetic circuit surrounded by the windings have theForm of legs with 2 common yokes.
![Page 6: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Shell & core transformersShell & core transformers
![Page 7: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Rectangular coil & 5 legged core assemblyRectangular coil & 5 legged core assembly
![Page 8: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Distributed gap core constructionDistributed gap core construction
Core after shear operation
“Distributed” gaps
![Page 9: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Distributed gap core constructionDistributed gap core construction
Raw stock core material
![Page 10: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Distributed gap core constructionDistributed gap core construction
Pressed cores queued for annealing
Loading the annealing oven
![Page 11: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Annealed cores
Distributed gap core constructionDistributed gap core construction
![Page 12: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Rectangular coilsRectangular coils
Cooling ducts
Core windows
HV taps
HV finish
HV start
LV winding
LV leads
![Page 13: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
x x
x x2x 2x
2x 2x
Rectangular coils w/ distributed gap coresRectangular coils w/ distributed gap cores
![Page 14: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Rectangular coils w/ distributed gap coresRectangular coils w/ distributed gap cores
Stacking the distributed gap cores
Annealed Laminations
![Page 15: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
21 2 3 4 5
Application of core frame
Rectangular coils w/ distributed gap coresRectangular coils w/ distributed gap cores
![Page 16: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Rectangular coils w/ distributed gap coresRectangular coils w/ distributed gap cores
Assembled 5 legged distributed gap core and coil assembly
![Page 17: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Outer core legs and core frame
Rectangular coils w/ distributed gap coresRectangular coils w/ distributed gap cores
![Page 18: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Shell & core transformersShell & core transformers
![Page 19: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Round core and coil assemblyRound core and coil assembly
Top view, single core/coil
![Page 20: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Cruciform core shearCruciform core shear
![Page 21: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Cruciform stacked core constructionCruciform stacked core construction
![Page 22: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Cruciform core constructionCruciform core construction
Top view
Yoke - leg interface
![Page 23: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Cruciform stacked core constructionCruciform stacked core construction
![Page 24: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Cruciform core
![Page 25: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Round CoilsRound Coils
![Page 26: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
360 degree cooling ducts
Round CoilsRound Coils
Radial forces are equalized during short circuits & overloads
![Page 27: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Core Core –– Coil AssemblyCoil Assembly
Improved cooling
![Page 28: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
core frame insulation
Core Core –– Coil AssemblyCoil Assembly
![Page 29: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Round coils with cruciform coreRound coils with cruciform core
HV leads & taps
LV leads
Top yoke
![Page 30: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Round coils with cruciform coreRound coils with cruciform core
Tanking assembled core & coil assembly
![Page 31: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Disk-Type Coil Winding
![Page 32: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Disk Coil Construction
Static Plate
Static Plate
PB Washer
Winding Tube Inner Diameter
Wound Diameter
Coil Inner Diameter
Coil section
Tube Extension
Winding Tube
Winding Space
Radial Spacers
Outside Vertical Spacer
Vertical Spacer
MDMCWD
RB
Radial Spacer
Outside Vertical Spacer
Vertical Spacer
Winding Tube
Continuous Disk Helical Disk
![Page 33: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Stages of Disk Windings Assembly
![Page 34: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Construction comparisonsConstruction comparisons
![Page 35: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Rectangular coil Rectangular coil -- 5 legged core advantages5 legged core advantages
With strip conductor secondaries:
••HV electrically centered on the LV windingHV electrically centered on the LV winding
••Significant gain in mechanical strengthSignificant gain in mechanical strength
••Suitable for high volume productionSuitable for high volume production
••No tank heating from stray flux inductionNo tank heating from stray flux induction in tank in tank wall when connected wyewall when connected wye--wyewye
![Page 36: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Round coil Round coil -- cruciform core usescruciform core uses
With wire / wire windings:
••Means of providing increased hoop strength Means of providing increased hoop strength
••Enables solid construction of higher kVA unitsEnables solid construction of higher kVA units
••Suitable for small power designs & dedicated loadsSuitable for small power designs & dedicated loads
••Reduction in width dimension for retrofit Reduction in width dimension for retrofit applications applications
![Page 37: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Round Coil/Cruciform Core Advantages
•360 degree cooling•Increased insulation life•More efficient cooling during heavy duty cycles
•Top & bottom pressure plates•Containment of axial forces during short circuits
•Round coil construction•Maximum containment of radial forces during short circuits•Improved clearances between phases
![Page 38: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Dielectric Fluids
Mineral Oil (Type II)Vegetable-Based Oil (Envirotemp FR3)– High Fire Point (300 degrees C)– Biodegradable
SiliconeVoltesso– Lower Temperature Pour Point
![Page 39: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Standard Accessories
Oil Temperature GaugeLiquid Level GaugePressure/Vacuum GaugePressure Relief ValveDrain Valve w/ Sample PortUpper Fill PortAir Space filled with Dry Nitrogen
![Page 40: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Optional Accessories Part 1
Dry Contacts on GaugesPressure Relief DeviceForced Air Cooling– 15% increased capacity 2499 kVA and smaller– 25% increased capacity 2500 kVA and larger
Winding Temperature GaugeSudden Pressure Rise Relay– Seal-In Relay
![Page 41: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Optional Accessories Part 2
Removable RadiatorsPositive Pressure SystemStainless Steel – Auxiliary Wiring Cabinet – NEMA 4X– Hardware– Base– Tank– Radiators– Transitions
![Page 42: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER · CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SPECIFYING A TRANSFORMER zApplication zConfiguration zInternal Construction zDielectric Fluid ... A transformer](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022040115/5e780b247ee78249116b65a5/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Thank you!