Conservation Management Zones of Australia: South Eastern ...€¦ · Web viewSpecial thanks to...

Conservation Management Zones of AustraliaSouth Eastern Australia Mallee Woodlands

Prepared by the Department of the Environment

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This project and associated products are the result of a collaboration between the Biodiversity Conservation Division and the Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN). Invaluable input, advice and support were provided by staff and leading researchers from across the Department of the Environment (DotE), Department of Agriculture (DoA), the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), and the academic community. We would particularly like to thank staff within the Wildlife, Heritage and Marine Division, Parks Australia and the Environment Assessment and Compliance Division of DotE, Nyree Stenekes and Robert Kancans (ABARES), Sue McIntyre (CSIRO), Richard Hobbs (University of Western Australia), Michael Hutchinson (ANU); David Lindenmayer and Emma Burns (ANU); and Gilly Llewellyn, Martin Taylor and other staff from the World Wildlife Fund for their generosity and advice.

Special thanks to CSIRO staff Kristen Williams and Simon Ferrier whose modelling of biodiversity patterns enabled identification of the Conservation Management Zones of Australia.

© Commonwealth of Australia, 2015.

The Conservation Management Zones of Australia profile is licensed by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons By Attribution 3.0 Australia licence with the exception of the Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of Australia, the logo of the agency responsible for publishing the report, content supplied by third parties, and any images depicting people.

For licence conditions see here.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/

ContentsAcknowledgement of Traditional Owners and Country.................................................................4

Introduction....................................................................................................................................4

Zone at a glance............................................................................................................................5

Population characteristics............................................................................................................10

Employment, volunteering and incomes......................................................................................15

Agriculture, Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice...................18

Land tenure, land use, Native Title and Local Government Areas..............................................21

Zone vegetation characteristics...................................................................................................24

Ramsar and Nationally Important Wetlands................................................................................25

World and National Heritage.......................................................................................................27

Major National Reserve System properties.................................................................................27

EPBC Act (1999) threatened ecological communities.................................................................28

EPBC Act (1999) threatened species..........................................................................................29

EPBC Act (1999) migratory species............................................................................................33

Threatened endemic species......................................................................................................35

Invasive species..........................................................................................................................37

Vegetation profiles and management recommendations............................................................40

Acknowledgement of Traditional Owners and CountryThe Australian Government acknowledges Australia’s Traditional Owners and pays respect to Elders past and present of our nation’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. We honour the deep spiritual, cultural and customary connections of Traditional Owners to the Australian landscape, including Australia’s waterways, land and sea country.

Introduction The 23 Conservation Management Zones of Australia are geographic areas, classified according to their ecological and threat characteristics. The zones are also aligned with the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation of Australia.

The Conservation Management Zones provide a way of understanding Australia’s natural environment that will assist in long-term conservation planning and help the Australian Government to better design, deliver and report on Natural Resource Management (NRM) investments, including ensuring alignment of national NRM priorities with local action.

The Conservation Management Zones also provide a filter through which to make national environmental and socio-economic data more accessible and comprehensible, and a framework for gathering on-ground knowledge and expertise about the environment. This will improve information flow to the Australian Government about regional NRM requirements, best practice management, emerging NRM issues and knowledge gaps.

The Conservation Management Zones do not represent any change to existing administrative boundaries or governance structures, but aim to support the NRM and wider community to cooperatively manage environmental assets across boundaries, where they share common threats, ecological characteristics and stakeholders.

Each Conservation Management Zone profile contains a standard suite of nationally available ecological and socio-economic information. We hope that this information will enable Australians of all ages and backgrounds to engage with, understand and appreciate Australian landscapes, and support all Australians to manage our natural resources more effectively.

The profile information provides an indicative, high-level stock-take of the environmental and socio-economic landscape and it is not intended to be comprehensive. It should also be noted that, at present, the profiles contain only limited information on aquatic ecosystems, coastal assets and Indigenous land management practices. In future, consultation and comprehensive literature reviews will enable us to provide more complete information.

Zone at a glance

Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data

MAJOR CITIES AND TOWNS POPULATION

Berri 4,107

Kadina 4,461

Mildura 31,272

Murray Bridge 15,642

Port Lincoln 14,083

Port Pirie 13,850

Renmark 4,381

OTHER TOWNS POPULATION

Balaklava 1,828

Bamera 1,916

Bordertown 2,543

Ceduna 2,292

Clare 3,283

Kapunda 2,484

Loxton 3,783

Mannum 2,167

Merbein 1,926

Moonta 3,650

Red Cliffs 2,558

Wallaroo 3,158

Warracknabeal 2,338

NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (NRM) REGIONSMurray Local Land Services (LLS) NSW

NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (NRM) REGIONSRiverina LLS NSW

Western LLS NSW

Natural Resources (NR) Eyre Peninsula SA

NR Northern and Yorke SA

NR SA Arid Lands SA

NR SA Murray Darling SA

Mallee Catchment Management Authority (CMA) VIC

North Central CMA VIC

Wimmera CMA VIC

TOP FIVE AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES VALUE (MILLIONS)

Cereals for grain $2,993

Fruit $1,088

Legumes for grain $402

Vegetables for consumption $390

Lamb $306

Total value of agricultural commodities (including other commodities not listed here) $6,485

CLIMATE CHARACTERISTICS*Mean annual temperature 16.5 Celsius

Mean Maximum of the Hottest Month 31.3 Celsius

Mean Minimum of the Coldest Month 4 Celsius

Mean Annual Rainfall 306.6 mm

Dominant rainfall season Winter

* The figures are interpolated 75-year means (1921 to 1995) representing the period prior to the onset of rapid climatic warming. Cited in: Williams KJ, Belbin L, Austin MP, Stein J, Ferrier S (2012) Which environmental variables should I use in my biodiversity model? International Journal of Geographic Information Sciences 26(11), 2009–2047. (Data derived from Australian Climate surfaces version 2.1 for the ANUCLIM-BIOCLIM package).

For future climate projections please refer to: http://www.climatechangeinaustralia.gov.au/


http://www.climatechangeinaustralia.gov.au/

Source: Based on data from the National Native Title Register; Collaborative Australian Protected Area Database (CAPAD); National Vegetation Information System (NVIS); Species’ Profile and Threats Database (SPRAT).

Population characteristics

Population


LANGUAGES SPOKEN AT HOMEEnglish 79.45%

Other languages 16.16%

Not stated 4.27%

Education

Employment, volunteering and incomes

Employment

Volunteering

Income


Agriculture, Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM adviceAustralian farmers manage over 60% of the Australian continent and shoulder much of the burden of responsibility for maintaining and protecting Australia’s natural resource wealth. The information contained in this profile aims to assist the wider community, non-governmental organisations and government agencies to support Australia’s key environmental custodians.

Agricultural commodity values


Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice

* Data obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2012 Land Management Practices Survey (LaMPS) 2012. LaMPS collected land practices information from approximately 50,000 farm businesses across Australia. The data has been aligned to Conservation Management Zones from ABS Statistical Area 2 units and Australian Agricultural Environment units. The % figures presented here are indicative only. For more information on LaMPS please refer to: http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/mf/4630.0

http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/mf/4630.0

** The sample for the Drivers of Practice Change 2012 survey consisted of a random subsample of 1228 broadacre farm managers from the Australian Agricultural and Grazing Industries Survey (AAGIS) frame. The data has been aligned to Conservation Management Zones from ABS Statistical Area 2 units. For this reason, the figures presented here are indicative only.

^ This chart indicates the sources of advice utilised for native vegetation management from respondents who identified they sought advice.

For more information please refer to http://www.daff.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/forestry/domestic-forestry/prep-for-future/drivers-

Land tenure, land use, Native Title and Local Government Areas

Source: Land tenure data based on Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN) categorisation of Public Sector Mapping Authority (PSMA) State Tenure 2012; Land use mapping based on Australian Collaborative Land Use and Management Program (ACLUMP) 2012. For more information on Australian land use and management information and classification please refer to: http://www.daff.gov.au/ABARES/aclump/

INDIGENOUS LAND COUNCILS

New South Wales Aboriginal Land Council: www.alc.org.au

Barengi Gadjin Land Council: www.bglc.org.au

Native Title Services Victoria: http://www.ntsv.com.au

South Australian Native Title Services: http://www.nativetitlesa.org

NATIVE TITLE AND TRADITIONAL OWNERSTraditional Owners Registered Native Title Body Corporate Hectares % of zone

Adnyamathanha People Adnyamathanha Traditional Lands Association (Aboriginal Corporation) RNTBC

1,701,575 5.21

Wotjobaluk People Barengi Gadjin Land Council Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 723,708 2.22


36,638 0.11

First peoples of the River Murray & Mallee Region

The River Murray and Mallee Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 35,926 0.11


33,800 0.10

Gawler Ranges People Gawler Ranges Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 6,433 0.02

Source: The Native Title Tribunal Register, October 2013. For more information please refer to: http://www.nntt.gov.au/Pages/Searchportal.aspx

LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREASBalranald Shire Council NSW

Bourke Shire Council NSW

Carrathool Shire Council NSW

Central Darling Shire Council NSW

Cobar Shire Council NSW

Lachlan Shire Council NSW

The Council Of The Shire Of Wakool NSW

Unincorporated Far West NSW

Wentworth Shire Council NSW

Alexandrina Council SA

City Of Port Lincoln SA

Clare And Gilbert Valleys Council SA

Coorong Dc SA

Dc Of The Copper Coast SA

Light Regional Council SA

Mid Murray Council SA

Northern Areas Council SA

Port Augusta City Council SA

Port Pirie Regional Council SA

Renmark Paringa Council SA

Southern Mallee Dc SA

LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREASTatiara Dc SA

The Barossa Council SA

The Berri Barmera Council SA

The Dc Of Barunga West SA

The Dc Of Ceduna SA

The Dc Of Cleve SA

The Dc Of Elliston SA

The Dc Of Franklin Harbour SA

The Dc Of Karoonda East Murray SA

The Dc Of Kimba SA

The Dc Of Lower Eyre Peninsula SA

The Dc Of Loxton Waikerie SA

The Dc Of Mallala SA

The Dc Of Mount Remarkable SA

The Dc Of Orroroo Carrieton SA

The Dc Of Peterborough SA

The Dc Of Streaky Bay SA

The Dc Of Tumby Bay SA

The Dc Of Yorke Peninsula SA

The Flinders Ranges Council SA

The Regional Council Of Goyder SA

The Rural City Of Murray Bridge SA

Uia Riverland SA

Wakefield Regional Council SA

Wudinna District Council SA

Buloke Shire VIC

Campaspe Shire VIC

Gannawarra Shire VIC

Hindmarsh Shire VIC

Loddon Shire VIC

Mildura Rural City VIC

Swan Hill Rural City VIC

West Wimmera Shire VIC

Yarriambiack Shire VIC

Zone vegetation characteristicsThe National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) framework is a nationally consistent vegetation classification system based on vegetation data collected by states and territories. It provides information on the extent and distribution of vegetation types across the Australian landscape.

Two products are used to provide the Zone Vegetation Characteristics graph. A modelled pre-European vegetation distribution (pre-1750), and extant (current extent) vegetation, which is based on contemporary vegetation mapping. The information presented here relates to Major Vegetation Subgroups (MVSs). There are 85 MVS types across Australia, describing the structure and floristic composition of dominant and secondary vegetation stratums (e.g. canopy and mid-storey species). Major Vegetation Subgroups only reflect the dominant vegetation type occurring in an area from a mix of vegetation types. Less-dominant vegetation groups which may also be present are therefore not represented.

It is important to note that the vegetation information is indicative only, as state and territory mapping in Australia is of variable resolution and scale. However, this data is the best available nationally consistent information on vegetation, and the dataset continues to evolve and increase in accuracy.

Analysing this information at Conservation Management Zone, rather than national level provides greater discrimination for decision makers, as clearance levels of vegetation types are not uniform across Australia. For example, eucalypt woodlands with a tussock grass understory is a vegetation type found across Australia. In the Brigalow Woodlands Conservation Management Zone, eucalypt open woodlands with a tussock grass understory originally covered approximately 36% of the zone, but today it only covers only 14.5 % of the zone (58.7% of this vegetation community has been cleared in the Brigalow). In the Northern Australia Tropical Savannah zone, this vegetation type originally occupied 19.6% of the zone. Today, it occupies approximately 19.4% of the zone (only 2.3% of this vegetation type has been cleared). It should be noted that this data only provides an indication of change in extent, and not vegetation condition.

For more information on the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/science-and-research/databases-and-maps/national-vegetation-information-system

Ramsar and Nationally Important WetlandsRAMSAR WETLANDS JURISDICTION HECTARESRiverland SA 30,664

Lake Albacutya VIC 5,659

Banrock Station Wetland Complex SA 1,375

The Coorong, and Lakes Alexandrina and Albert Wetland SA 311

Kerang Wetlands – The Marshes VIC 16

For more information on Ramsar please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/water/water-our-environment/wetlands/ramsar-convention-wetlands

NATIONALLY IMPORTANT WETLANDS JURISDICTION HECTARES CRITERIA

Darling Anabranch Lakes NSW 42,498 1, 2, 5

Tod River Wetland System SA 39,209 1, 2, 3

Upper Spencer Gulf SA 36,568 1, 3, 5, 6

Riverland Wetland Complex SA 34,447 1, 2, 3, 4, 6

Menindee Lakes NSW 29,110 4, 5, 1, 3

Wimmera River VIC 24,773 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Lake Tyrrell VIC 17,477 1, 2

Clinton SA 16,993 1, 3

Lindsay Island VIC 15,799 1, 2, 3

Lake Hindmarsh VIC 14,787 1, 2, 3, 6

Talyawalka Anabranch & Teryawynia Creek NSW 11,435 1, 4

Wallpolla Island VIC 9,708 1, 2, 3

Lake Albacutya VIC 5,982 1, 2, 3, 4

Streaky Bay SA 4,041 3, 5

Bunguluke Wetlands, Tyrrell Creek & Lalbert Creek Floodplain

VIC 3,965 1, 2

Franklin Harbour SA 3,830 1, 3, 6

Port Gawler & Buckland Park Lake SA 3,629 1, 3, 5, 6

Lake Newland SA 3,528 1, 3, 5

Barker Inlet & St Kilda SA 3,483 1, 2, 3, 5, 6

Davenport Creek SA 2,412 1, 3, 5, 6

Coffin Bay Coastal Wetland System SA 2,173 3, 5, 6

Lake Hamilton SA 1,956 1

Noora Evaporation Lakes SA 1,626 3

Wills Creek SA 1,529 1, 3

Banrock Swamp Wetland Complex SA 1,375 1, 2, 3

Tumby Bay SA 1,075 1, 3

Pike-Mundic Wetland Complex SA 949 1, 3, 6

Lake Wallawalla VIC 822 1, 3

Gurra Lakes Wetland Complex SA 807 3

Lowbidgee Floodplain NSW 806 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Baird Bay SA 737 3

Sleaford Mere SA 700 1, 3

NATIONALLY IMPORTANT WETLANDS JURISDICTION HECTARES CRITERIA

Lake Lalbert VIC 686 1, 2, 6

Raak Plain VIC 658 1, 5

Loveday Swamps SA 529 1, 2, 3, 6

Loch Luna Wetland Complex SA 488 1, 2, 3, 6

Wargan Basins (Meridian Lakes) VIC 396 1, 2, 3

Point Labatt SA 393 3, 5

Stockyard Plain SA 387 3, 5

Cardross Lakes VIC 293 1, 3, 5

Spectacle Lakes SA 285 1, 2, 3

The Coorong, Lake Alexandrina & Lake Albert SA 265 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Pink Lakes VIC 256 1, 6

Lake Ranfurly VIC 219 3, 4

Lower Murray Swamps SA 187 1, 2, 3

Innes Salt Lakes SA 166 1

Swan Reach Wetland Complex SA 151 1, 2, 3

Big Swamp SA 142 1, 3

Native Hen Lagoon SA 117 1

Point Davenport SA 116 1, 3, 5

Lake Cowal/Wilbertroy Wetlands NSW 105 1, 2, 3

Pink Lake (Lochiel) VIC 80 1,

Irwin Flat SA 57 1, 3

Poocher & Mundulla Swamps SA 53 2, 6

Pillie Lake SA 37 1

Gum Flat SA 22 1

Murray Bridge Army Training Area Wetlands SA 20 3, 5

Marne River Mouth SA 19 1, 2, 3

Heywoods Lake VIC 15 6

Lake Bael Bael VIC 6 1, 2, 3

Nationally important wetlands are defined according to the following criteria:

1. It is a good example of a wetland type occurring within a biogeographic region in Australia.

2. It is a wetland which plays an important ecological or hydrological role in the natural functioning of a major wetland system/complex.

3. It is a wetland which is important as the habitat for animal taxa at a vulnerable stage in their life cycles, or provides a refuge when adverse conditions such as drought prevail.

4. The wetland supports 1% or more of the national populations of any native plant or animal taxa.

5. The wetland supports native plant or animal taxa or communities which are considered endangered or vulnerable at the national level.

6. The wetland is of outstanding historical or cultural significance.

Please note, the above are a subset of all the Nationally Important Wetlands found within the Zone. For more information on Nationally Important Wetlands please see: http://www.environment.gov.au/resource/directory-important-w etlands-australia-third-edition

http://www.environment.gov.au/resource/directory-important-wetlands-australia-third-edition

http://www.environment.gov.au/resource/directory-important-wetlands-australia-third-edition

World and National HeritageHERITAGE VALUES WORLD OR NATIONAL HERITAGE

TYPEJURISDICTION HECTARES % OF

ZONEWillandra Lakes Region World and National Heritage Natural,

CulturalNSW 239,184 0.73

Ediacara Fossil Site National Natural SA 169,061 0.52

The Adelaide Park Lands and City Layout

National Historic SA 200 0.00

Please refer to the Australian Heritage Database for detailed information on listing criteria for these heritage values: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian-heritage-database

For more information on Australia’s world and national heritage please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/about-australias-heritage

Major National Reserve System propertiesMAJOR NATIONAL RESERVE SYSTEM PROPERTIES

Name Property type IUCN category

Jurisdiction Hectares % of zone

Murray – Sunset National Park II VIC 665,530 2.04

Wyperfeld National Park II VIC 360,254 1.10

Ngarkat Conservation Park IA SA 239,836 0.73

Danggali Wilderness Protection Area IB SA 203,700 0.62

Big Desert Wilderness Park IB VIC 140,997 0.43

Sunset Wilderness Zone – Schedule 5, National Parks Act

IB VIC 127,914 0.39

Pinkawillinie Conservation Park VI SA 123,766 0.38

Mungo National Park II NSW 122,709 0.38

Yathong Nature Reserve IA NSW 108,393 0.33

Vulkathunha – Gammon Ranges

National Park II SA 106,898 0.33

Taylorville Station National ReserveSystem Program

IV SA 94,146 0.29

Flinders Ranges National Park II SA 93,839 0.29

Chowilla Regional Reserve VI SA 75,523 0.23

Nombinnie Nature Reserve IA NSW 71,041 0.22

Hincks Wilderness Protection Area IB SA 66,913 0.20

Scotia Sanctuary National ReserveSystem Program

IV NSW 64,695 0.20

Billiatt Wilderness Protection Area IB SA 59,255 0.18

Nantawarrina Indigenous Protected Area III SA 58,348 0.18

Mallee Cliffs National Park IA NSW 58,118 0.18

Unnamed (No.HA1196) Heritage Agreement III SA 54,331 0.17

Danggali Conservation Park IA SA 48,626 0.15

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/about-australias-heritage

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian-heritage-database

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian-heritage-database

THE IUCN CATEGORIES ARE AS FOLLOWS:

Ia Strict Nature Reserve IUCN protected area management categories classify protected areas according to their management objectives. The categories are recognised by international bodies such as the United Nations and are utilised by many national governments, including the Australian Government, as the global standard for defining and recording protected areas.

Ib Wilderness Area

II National Park

III Natural Monument or Feature

IV Habitat/Species Management Area

V Protected Landscape/ Seascape

VI Protected area with sustainable use of natural resources

Please refer to the IUCN website for further explanation: http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/gpap_home/gpap_quality/gpap_pacategories/

For more information on Australia’s National Reserve System please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/land/national-reserve-system

Source: Collaborative Australian Protected Area Database 2012.

EPBC Act (1999) threatened ecological communitiesTHREATENED ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES

Name Listing status % of total distribution* % of zone**

Eyre Peninsula Blue Gum (Eucalyptus petiolaris) Woodland

Endangered 100 0.009

Iron-grass Natural Temperate Grassland of South Australia

Critically Endangered

98.19 0.421

Peppermint Box (Eucalyptus odorata) Grassy Woodland of South Australia


92.95 0.349

Buloke Woodlands of the Riverina and Murray-Darling Depression Bioregions

Endangered 76.01 0.048

Swamps of the Fleurieu Peninsula Critically Endangered

6.79 0.0003

Natural Grasslands of the Murray Valley Plains Critically Endangered

4.31 0.031

Grey Box (Eucalyptus microcarpa) Grassy Woodlands and Derived Native Grasslands of South-eastern Australia


Seasonal Herbaceous Wetlands (Freshwater) of the Temperate Lowland Plains


0.5 0.001

The community of native species dependent on natural discharge of groundwater from the Great Artesian Basin


White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland


0.3 0.021

* % of the total national distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the Threatened Ecological Community that is found within the zone.

** % of the total zone area describes the proportion of the zone that the Threatened Ecological Community is likely or known to occur in.

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/land/national-reserve-system

http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/gpap_home/gpap_quality/gpap_pacategories/

It should be noted that the identification of any given Threatened Ecological Community above does not imply that the Threatened Ecological Community (TEC) is found uniformly across the Conservation Management Zone. Rather, the % of the TEC’s total distribution (*) within the zone is an indication of its importance to that zone in terms of conservation efforts. The % of the zone (**) indicates how rare, or difficult the ecological community may be to find within the zone.

The threatened ecological communities above are listed under The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), which is the Australian Government’s principal environmental legislation. For more information, please refer to http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/communities

EPBC Act (1999) threatened speciesTHREATENED MAMMALS

Common name Scientific name Status % of totaldistribution*

% of zone**

Southern Brown Bandicoot (Nuyts Archipelago) Isoodon obesulus nauticus Vulnerable 99.84 0.0035

Yellow-footed Rock-wallaby (SA and NSW) Petrogale xanthopus xanthopus Vulnerable 67.87 5.2393

Wopilkara, Greater Stick-nest Rat Leporillus conditor Vulnerable 35.69 0.0144

Sandhill Dunnart Sminthopsis psammophila Endangered 15.58 4.8284

Dusky Hopping-mouse, Wilkiniti Notomys fuscus Vulnerable 5.03 0.0074

Woylie Bettongia penicillata ogilbyi Endangered 2.21 0.0503

Koala (combined populations of Queensland, New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory)

Phascolarctos cinereus (combined populations of QLD, NSW and the ACT)

Vulnerable 0.07 0.0885

Greater Bilby Macrotis lagotis Vulnerable 0.04 0.2242

South-eastern Long-eared Bat Nyctophilus corbeni Vulnerable May be present

May be present

Plains Rat, Palyoora Pseudomys australis Vulnerable May be present

May be present

Southern Brown Bandicoot (Eastern) Isoodon obesulus obesulus Endangered May be present

May be present

Australian Sea-lion Neophoca cinerea Vulnerable n/a n/a

Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus Endangered n/a n/a

Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae Vulnerable n/a n/a

Southern Right Whale Eubalaena australis Endangered n/a n/a

THREATENED BIRDS


% of zone**

Southern Emu-wren (Eyre Peninsula) Stipiturus malachurus parimeda Vulnerable 99.99 1.03

Black-eared Miner Manorina melanotis Endangered 99.96 5.56

Red-lored Whistler Pachycephala rufogularis Vulnerable 98.8 8.27

Mallee Emu-wren Stipiturus mallee Endangered 98.47 4.27

Regent Parrot (eastern) Polytelis anthopeplus monarchoides


Western Whipbird (eastern) Psophodes nigrogularis leucogaster


Malleefowl Leipoa ocellata Vulnerable 27.89 77.14

http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/communities

THREATENED BIRDS

Australian Fairy Tern Sternula nereis nereis Vulnerable 15.93 2.81

Thick-billed Grasswren Amytornis modestus Vulnerable 12.48 8.45

Plains-wanderer Pedionomus torquatus Vulnerable 9.91 2.16

Slender-billed Thornbill (western) Acanthiza iredalei iredalei Vulnerable 7.98 13.49

Australian Painted Snipe Rostratula australis Endangered 4 2.39

Australasian Bittern Botaurus poiciloptilus Endangered 3.38 3.84

Southern Emu-wren (Fleurieu Peninsula), Mount Lofty Southern Emu-wren

Stipiturus malachurus intermedius


Spotted Quail-thrush (Mt Lofty Ranges) Cinclosoma punctatumanachoreta


1.23 0.00

Swift Parrot Lathamus discolor Endangered 0.94 0.52

Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo (south-eastern) Calyptorhynchus banksii graptogyne


Orange-bellied Parrot Neophema chrysogaster Critically Endangered

0.29 0.06

Superb Parrot Polytelis swainsonii Vulnerable 0.07 0.03

Regent Honeyeater Anthochaera phrygia Endangered May be present

May be present

Southern Royal Albatross Diomedea epomophora epomophora


Northern Royal Albatross Diomedea epomophora sanfordi Endangered 0.01 0.12

Shy Albatross, Tasmanian Shy Albatross Thalassarche cauta cauta Vulnerable 0.01 0.12

White-capped Albatross Thalassarche cauta steadi Vulnerable 0.01 0.12

Tristan Albatross Diomedea exulans exulans Endangered n/a n/a

Soft-plumaged Petrel Pterodroma mollis Vulnerable n/a n/a

Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans (sensu lato) Vulnerable n/a n/a

Blue Petrel Halobaena caerulea Vulnerable n/a n/a

Southern Giant-Petrel Macronectes giganteus Endangered n/a n/a

Campbell Albatross Thalassarche melanophrisimpavida

Vulnerable n/a n/a

Northern Giant-Petrel Macronectes halli Vulnerable n/a n/a

Antipodean Albatross Diomedea exulans antipodensis Vulnerable n/a n/a

Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris Vulnerable n/a n/a

* % of total distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the threatened species that is found within the zone.

** % of zone describes the proportion of the zone that the threatened species is likely or known to occur in.

The % of zone indicates how rare, or difficult the species may be to find within the zone.

THREATENED REPTILES

Common Name Scientific name Status % of totaldistribution*

% of zone**

Krefft’s Tiger Snake (Flinders Ranges) Notechis scutatus ater Vulnerable 100 0.21

Pygmy Blue-tongue Lizard, Adelaide Blue- Tiliqua adelaidensis Endangered 98.71 0.79

THREATENED REPTILES

tongue Lizard

Flinders Ranges Worm-lizard Aprasia pseudopulchella Vulnerable 96.72 5.48

Striped Legless Lizard Delma impar Vulnerable 0.62 0.12

Pink-tailed Worm-lizard, Pink-tailed Legless Lizard

Aprasia parapulchella Vulnerable 0.03 0.00

Green Turtle Chelonia mydas Vulnerable 0.01 0.16

Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta Endangered 0.01 0.16

Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth Dermochelys coriacea Endangered 0.01 0.16

OTHER THREATENED FAUNA


% of zone**

Flinders Ranges Mogurnda, Flinders Ranges Purple-spotted Gudgeon

Mogurnda clivicola Vulnerable 100 0.06

Murray Hardyhead Craterocephalus fluviatilis Endangered 64 2.31

Growling Grass Frog, Southern Bell Frog, Green and Golden Frog, Warty Swamp Frog

Litoria raniformis Vulnerable 8.58 5.72

Golden Sun Moth Synemon plana Critically Endangered

5.41 0.02

Macquarie Perch Macquaria australasica Endangered May be present

May be present

Murray Cod Maccullochella peelii Vulnerable May be present

May be present

Great White Shark Carcharodon carcharias Vulnerable n/a n/a

School Shark, Eastern School Shark, Snapper Shark, Tope, Soupfin Shark

Galeorhinus galeus Conservation Dependent

n/a n/a

Southern Bluefin Tuna Thunnus maccoyii Conservation Dependent

n/a n/a

THREATENED FLORA

Common Name Scientific name Status % of totaldistribution*

% of zone**

Halbury Greenhood Pterostylis sp. Halbury(R.Bates 8425)

Endangered 100 0.38

Prickly Raspwort Haloragis eyreana Endangered 100 0.07

Spiny Everlasting, Spiny Daisy Acanthocladium dockeri Critically Endangered

100 0.08

Spalding Blown Grass, Spalding Blowngrass Lachnagrostis limitanea Endangered 100 0.04

Spiller’s Wattle Acacia spilleriana Endangered 100 0.10

Goldsack’s Leek-orchid Prasophyllum goldsackii Endangered 100 0.03

Tufted Bush-pea Pultenaea trichophylla Endangered 100 0.35

Ghost Spider-orchid Caladenia intuta Critically Endangered

100 0.01

Chalky Wattle Acacia cretacea Endangered 100 0.01

Silver Candles Pleuropappus phyllocalymmeus Vulnerable 99.95 0.16

THREATENED FLORA

Annual Stackhousia, Annual Candles Stackhousia annua Vulnerable 99.94 0.35

Woolcock’s Spider-orchid Caladenia woolcockiorum Vulnerable 99.93 0.09

West Coast Mintbush, Limestone Mintbush, Red Mintbush

Prostanthera calycina Vulnerable 99.91 0.98

White Rabbits, Flinders Ranges White Caladenia

Caladenia xantholeuca Endangered 99.87 0.08

Winter Spider-orchid Caladenia brumalis Vulnerable 99.86 0.94

Spidery Wattle, Balcanoona Wattle Acacia araneosa Vulnerable 99.18 0.15

Fat-leaved Wattle Acacia pinguifolia Endangered 97.31 0.74

Sturdy Leek-orchid Prasophyllum validum Vulnerable 95.9 0.14

Peep Hill Hop-bush Dodonaea subglandulifera Endangered 95.81 0.57

Lowan Phebalium Phebalium lowanense Vulnerable 95.8 1.43

Nodding Rufoushood Pterostylis sp. Eyre Peninsula (R.Bates 19474)


Superb Groundsel Senecio megaglossus Vulnerable 92.73 0.73

Neat Wattle, Resin Wattle (SA) Acacia rhetinocarpa Vulnerable 87.08 1.14

Jumping-jack Wattle Acacia enterocarpa Endangered 86.99 2.27

Hale Dwarf Greenhood Pterostylis sp. Hale (R.Bates 21725)


Menzel’s Wattle Acacia menzelii Vulnerable 85.31 2.51

Whibley Wattle Acacia whibleyana Endangered 80.22 0.03

Yellow Swainson-pea Swainsona pyrophila Vulnerable 80.18 23.08

Bayonet Spider-orchid, Clubbed Spider-orchid Caladenia gladiolata Endangered 79.32 0.32

None Frankenia plicata Endangered 76.54 5.07

Slender Bell-fruit, Camel Poison Codonocarpus pyramidalis Vulnerable 76.2 12.75

None Atriplex infrequens Vulnerable 74.91 0.02

Hairy-pod Wattle Acacia glandulicarpa Vulnerable 69.59 1.64

Silver Daisy-bush Olearia pannosa subsp. pannosa


Greencomb Spider-orchid, Rigid Spider-orchid Caladenia tensa Endangered 66.12 21.49

Menindee Nightshade Solanum karsense Vulnerable 65.69 6.51

Pale Leek-orchid Prasophyllum pallidum Vulnerable 64.9 2.32

Moore’s Burr-daisy Calotis moorei Endangered 60.07 0.02

Bead Glasswort Tecticornia flabelliformis Vulnerable 54.95 0.17

Wimmera Spider-orchid Caladenia lowanensis Endangered 52.48 0.02

Coast Spider-orchid Caladenia conferta Endangered 50.63 0.01

* % of total distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the threatened species that is found within the zone.

** % of zone describes the proportion of the zone that the threatened species is likely or known to occur in. The % of zone indicates how rare, or difficult the species may be to find within the zone.

The above species are listed under The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), the Australian Government’s principal environmental legislation.

Please note that the list of threatened flora species is not comprehensive. The flora listed here have a significant proportion of their total national distribution within the zone. For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species or the Species Profiles and Threats Database http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl

EPBC Act (1999) migratory speciesMIGRATORY BIRDS

Common name Scientific name

Antipodean Albatross Diomedea antipodensis

Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica

Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris

Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa

Broad-billed Sandpiper Limicola falcinellus

Campbell Albatross Thalassarche impavida

Caspian Tern Sterna caspia

Cattle Egret Ardea ibis

Common Greenshank,Greenshank

Tringa nebularia

Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos

Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea

Double-banded Plover Charadrius bicinctus

Eastern Curlew Numenius madagascariensis

Flesh-footed Shearwater, Fleshy-footed Shearwater Puffinus carneipes

Fork-tailed Swift Apus pacificus

Great Egret,White Egret

Ardea alba

Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris

Greater Sand Plover, Large Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii

Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola

Grey-tailed Tattler Heteroscelus brevipes

Latham’s Snipe,Japanese Snipe

Gallinago hardwickii

Lesser Sand Plover, Mongolian Plover Charadrius mongolus

Little Curlew, Little Whimbrel Numenius minutus

Little Tern Sterna albifrons

Malleefowl Leipoa ocellata

Marsh Sandpiper, Little Greenshank Tringa stagnatilis

Northern Giant-Petrel Macronectes halli

Northern RoyalAlbatross

Diomedea sanfordi

http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl

MIGRATORY BIRDS

Oriental Plover, Oriental Dotterel Charadrius veredus

Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva

Painted Snipe Rostratula benghalensis(sensu lato)

Rainbow Bee-eater Merops ornatus

Red Knot, Knot Calidris canutus

Red-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis

Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo (south-eastern) Calyptorhynchus banksii graptogyne

Regent Honeyeater Xanthomyza phrygia

Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres

Rufous Fantail Rhipidura rufifrons

Sanderling Calidris alba

Satin Flycatcher Myiagra cyanoleuca

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata

Short-tailed Shearwater Puffinus tenuirostris

Shy Albatross, Tasmanian Shy Albatross Thalassarche cauta (sensu stricto)

Southern Giant-Petrel Macronectes giganteus

Southern Royal Albatross Diomedea epomophora (sensu stricto)

Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus

Tristan Albatross Diomedea dabbenena

Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans(sensu lato)

Wedge-tailedShearwater

Puffinus pacificus

Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus

White-belliedSea-Eagle

Haliaeetus leucogaster

White-cappedAlbatross

Thalassarche steadi

White-throatedNeedletail

Hirundapus caudacutus

Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola

OTHER MIGRATORY SPECIES

Common name Scientific name

Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae

Southern Right Whale Eubalaena australis

Green Turtle Chelonia mydas

Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta

Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth Dermochelys coriacea

Bryde’s Whale Balaenoptera edeni

Pygmy Right Whale Caperea marginata

OTHER MIGRATORY SPECIES

Dusky Dolphin Lagenorhynchus obscurus

Killer Whale, Orca Orcinus orca

Porbeagle, Mackerel Shark Lamna nasus

Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus

Great White Shark Carcharodon carcharias

For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/migratory-species

Threatened endemic speciesTHREATENED ENDEMIC SPECIES

Taxonomic group

Scientific name Reservation status EPBC Act status IUCN status

Mammals Lagorchestes leporides Recorded in reserves Extinct Extinct

Molluscs Glyptorhagada euglypta Not recordedin reserves

n/a Vulnerable

Molluscs Glyptorhagada janaslini Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened

Molluscs Glyptorhagada silveri Not recordedin reserves

n/a Endangered

Molluscs Glyptorhagada tattawuppana Not recordedin reserves

n/a Vulnerable

Molluscs Lacustrelix yerelinana Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened

Molluscs Pleuroxia italowiana Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened

Plants Caladenia macroclavia Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Caladenia woolcockiorum Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

Plants Caladenia xantholeuca Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Pterostylis lepida Not recordedin reserves

Endangered n/a

Plants Pterostylis mirabilis Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

Plants Acanthocladium dockeri Not recordedin reserves


n/a

Plants Pleuropappus phyllocalymmeus Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

Plants Senecio megaglossus Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

Plants Acacia araneosa Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

Plants Acacia praemorsa Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

Plants Acacia spilleriana Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a

Plants Acacia whibleyana Not recordedin reserves

Endangered n/a

Plants Swainsona pyrophila Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a

Plants Lachnagrostis limitanea Not recordedin reserves

Endangered n/a

Plants Haloragis eyreana Not recordedin reserves

Endangered n/a

Reptiles Tiliqua adelaidensis Recorded in reserves Endangered Endangered

Concentrations of unreserved endemic species

The colour grids and numbers are an indication of the location and number of endemic species that have all their known range outside of the National Reserve System. Concentrations of unreserved endemic species may be useful focal areas for private land conservation efforts.

Endemism analyses were provided by the Australian Government Department of Environment Australian Natural Heritage Assessment Tool (ANHAT). The ANHAT database has been compiled from specimens and site records held in state agency wildlife atlases, museum collections, and the work of individual researchers. For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian-natural-heritage-assessment-tool

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian-natural-heritage-assessment-tool

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian-natural-heritage-assessment-tool

Invasive speciesINVASIVE MAMMALS

Common name Scientific name % of total distribution* % of zone**

Cat, House Cat, Domestic Cat Felis catus 4.25 99.94

Red Fox, Fox Vulpes vulpes 5.29 99.92

Rabbit, European Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus 5.91 99.08

Goat Capra hircus 12.77 83.85

House Mouse Mus musculus 7.5 81.67

Brown Hare Lepus capensis 12.94 39.40

Pig Sus scrofa 3.36 36.21

Domestic Cattle Bos taurus 4.5 23.48

Black Rat, Ship Rat Rattus rattus 6.57 22.39

Domestic Dog Canis lupus familiaris 2.87 21.94

Donkey, Ass Equus asinus 0.68 2.52

Feral deer species in Australia n/a 1.85 2.18

Dromedary, Camel Camelus dromedarius 0.14 1.42

Brown Rat, Norway Rat Rattus norvegicus 2.41 1.40

OTHER INVASIVE FAUNA


Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris 14.8 97.86

House Sparrow Passer domesticus 10.76 97.45

Rock Pigeon, Rock Dove, Domestic Pigeon Columba livia 10.47 81.72

Common Blackbird, Eurasian Blackbird Turdus merula 24.14 67.71

European Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis 20.11 55.22

Skylark Alauda arvensis 23.09 45.65

Spotted Turtle-Dove Streptopelia chinensis 10.96 27.98

Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 11.48 24.89

Common Myna, Indian Myna Acridotheres tristis 2.13 3.37

Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus 1.47 1.25

Red-whiskered Bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus 2.86 0.70

European Greenfinch Carduelis chloris 0.57 0.34

Ostrich Struthio camelus 27.94 0.22

* % of the total national distribution of the invasive species found within the zone.

** % of the total zone area that the invasive species is likely or known to occur in.

INVASIVE FLORA


Bridal Creeper, Bridal Veil Creeper, Smilax, Florist’s Smilax, Smilax Asparagus

Asparagus asparagoides 20.18 50.74

African Boxthorn, Boxthorn Lycium ferocissimum 23.25 37.48

Boneseed Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera

30.11 29.34

Athel Pine, Athel Tree, Tamarisk, Athel Tamarisk, Athel Tamarix, Desert Tamarisk, Flowering Cypress, Salt Cedar

Tamarix aphylla 9.96 21.54

Blackberry, European Blackberry Rubus fruticosus aggregate 7.88 20.11

Silver Nightshade, Silver-leaved Nightshade, White Horse Nettle, Silver-leaf Nightshade, Tomato Weed, White Nightshade, Bull-nettle, Prairie-berry, Satansbos, Silver-leaf Bitter-apple, Silverleaf-nettle, Trompillo

Solanum elaeagnifolium 40.01 18.31

Willows except Weeping Willow, Pussy Willow and Sterile Pussy Willow

Salix spp. except S.babylonica, S.x calodendron & S.x reichardtii

8.54 17.24

Ward’s Weed Carrichtera annua 11.75 15.22

Prickly Pears Opuntia spp. 12.51 14.55

Gorse, Furze Ulex europaeus 7.98 9.73

Mesquite, Algaroba Prosopis spp. 3.02 5.48

Prickly Pears Cylindropuntia spp. 20.26 3.90

Olive, Common Olive Olea europaea 77.47 3.16

Broom Genista sp. X Genista monspessulana

77.47 3.16

Prickly Pears Austrocylindropuntia spp. 50.76 1.92

Parkinsonia, Jerusalem Thorn, Jelly Bean Tree, Horse Bean

Parkinsonia aculeata 0.32 1.56

Montpellier Broom, Cape Broom, Canary Broom, Common Broom, French Broom, Soft Broom

Genista monspessulana 2.32 1.06

Broom, English Broom, Scotch Broom, Common Broom, Scottish Broom, Spanish Broom

Cytisus scoparius 1.19 0.87

Bridal Veil, Bridal Veil Creeper, Pale Berry Asparagus Fern, Asparagus Fern, South African Creeper

Asparagus declinatus 43.14 0.76

Chilean Needle grass Nassella neesiana 0.68 0.55

Flax-leaved Broom, Mediterranean Broom, Flax Broom

Genista linifolia 4.31 0.54

Climbing Asparagus-fern Asparagus plumosus 3.55 0.35

Climbing Asparagus-fern, Ferny Asparagus Protasparagus plumosus 3.55 0.35

Bitou Bush Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata

1.51 0.31

Water Hyacinth, Water Orchid, Nile Lily Eichhornia crassipes 1.07 0.31

Fireweed, Madagascar Ragwort, Madagascar Groundsel

Senecio madagascariensis 0.4 0.18

Madeira Vine, Jalap, Lamb’s-tail, Mignonette Vine, Anredera, Gulf Madeiravine,

Anredera cordifolia 0.42 0.12

INVASIVE FLORA

Heartleaf Madeiravine, Potato Vine

Buffel-grass, Black Buffel-grass Cenchrus ciliaris 0.31 3.29

Cabomba, Fanwort, Carolina Watershield, Fish Grass, Washington Grass, Watershield, Carolina Fanwort, Common Cabomba

Cabomba caroliniana 2.09 0.66

Lantana, Common Lantana, Kamara Lantana, Large-leaf Lantana, Pink Flowered Lantana, Red Flowered Lantana, Red-Flowered Sage, White Sage, Wild Sage

Lantana camara 0.15 0.22

Serrated Tussock, Yass River Tussock, Yass Tussock, Nassella Tussock (NZ)

Nassella trichotoma 0.11 0.10

Delta Arrowhead, Arrowhead, Slender Arrowhead Sagittaria platyphylla 0.16 0.04

Asparagus Fern, Climbing Asparagus Fern Asparagus scandens 0.03 0.00

Asparagus Fern, Ground Asparagus, Basket Fern, Sprengi’s Fern, Bushy Asparagus, Emerald Asparagus

Asparagus aethiopicus 0.02 0.00

* % of the total national distribution of the invasive species found within the zone.

** % of the total zone area that the invasive species is likely or known to occur in.

It should be noted that the identification of any given invasive species above does not imply that the species is found uniformly across the Conservation Management Zone. The % of the zone area (**) indicates how common or rare the species may be within the zone.

For more information on invasive species please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/invasive-species

http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/invasive-species

Vegetation profiles and management recommendations

Vegetation extent information and species lists contained in the vegetation profiles are based on analysis from the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS), including analysis of Major Vegetation Subgroups and NVIS Level V descriptions. Please see http://www.environment.gov.au/node/18930 for more information.

The management recommendations have been drawn from EPBC Act Recovery Plans, EPBC Act Ecological Communities Listing Advice and other sources. The recommendations are indicative only. Systematic reviews of management literature, consultation processes and improved Natural Resource Management program monitoring and evaluation will support development of a comprehensive set of management recommendations over time.

Mallee with a tussock grass understorey vegetation profile

1.43% Remaining

Commonly found species within this communityEucalyptus socialis; Eucalyptus dumosa; Eucalyptus odorata; Eucalyptus porosa; Eucalyptus leptophylla; Allocasuarina verticillata; Eucalyptus behriana; Enchylaena tomentosa; Melaleuca lanceolata; Rhagodia spinescens; Austrodanthonia caespitosa; Austrostipa eremophila; Austrodanthonia setacea; Austrostipa scabra; Hordeum leporinum; tussock grass; forb; samphire shrub.

Management recommendationsPROTECTION SUSTAINABLE

AGRICULTURAL PRACTICE

REHABILITATION FIRE MANAGEMENT

WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT

WEED MANAGEMENT

FERAL ANIMAL MANAGEMENT

DISEASE MANAGEMENT

Protect against dryland salinity by maintaining and replanting native vegetation.Close or fence artificial sources of water in conservation reserves as these may attract feral species and trampling.Protect, and where appropriate, fence important wildlife habitat including for Malleefowl.Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land

Exclude stock from remnants to enable recruitment and regeneration of over and under-storey species.Create windbreaks with mallee species to reduce the impacts of soil erosion.Reduce tillage in zones around remnants.Avoid creating new access tracks and roads through remnants.

Undertake restoration where there are few mature overstorey species or lack of suitable sites for seed germination.Choose mallee species that occur in remnants on similar soils and slope aspect. Replicate therelative abundance of species.Manage wildlife corridors between remnant patches.Create buffer zones around remnants by revegetating previously cleared lands with mallee and ground storey species.

Reduce the occurrence of large fires, and use mosaic burning techniques.Ensure mosaic burns are targeted at different age classes of vegetation, to ensure age diversity between and within remnant patches.Discourage broadscale burning for agricultural purposes in areas that harbour Malleefowl.Avoid clearing roadsides for firebreaks.

Manage native grazing animalsMinimise the amount of grain spilt during transport through Malleefowl habitat.Erect signs where needed to warn drivers that Malleefowl may be on the road.

Actively manage weeds when undertaking restoration activities to ensure weeds do not compete for soil moisture with vulnerable native replantings.A 1-metre radius weed free buffer should be maintained around native woody plants. Use spot control to maintain this.Apply herbicides to actively growing weeds and avoid spray drift.Do not leave areas of bare ground to avoid wind and water erosion of soils. Retain some weed cover and stagger removal and replacement with native grasses.

Manage exotic herbivore species including goats, sheep, rabbits especially near habitat for wildlife such as Malleefowl.Control foxes and rabbits simultaneously to avoid foxes switching to predation on native species, or increases in rabbit populations.Shooting is a suitable control for goats, wallabies, goats, deer, hares and foxes. Baiting is appropriate for rabbits, hares and foxes.Monitor for Red-legged earth mites. Populations should be managed with a soil active insecticide.

Saltbush and/or Bluebush shrublands vegetation profile

95.5% Remaining

Commonly found species within this communityAtriplex vesicaria; Atriplex paludosa; Nitraria billardierei; Maireana sedifolia; Maireana pyramidata; Maireana astrotricha; Maireana oppositifolia; Rhagodia spinescens; Frankenia sessilis; shrub; tussock grass; forb.


AGRICULTURALPRACTICE

REHABILITATION FIREMANAGEMENT

WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT

FERALANIMALMANAGEMENT

DISEASEMANAGEMENT

Establish pest-proof fencing around key refugia.Promote wise water use to avoid changes to water flow/water table levels that could impact on aquifers and overland flow.

Avoid continuous or heavy grazing to allow saltbush to regenerate and seed. Experiment with different saltbush species for livestock forage, and implement strategic grazing regimes to maximise both production yields and biodiversity benefits.Refer to http://www.malleecma.vic.gov.au/resources/fact-sheets/enrich-fs.pdfto explore the benefits of different grazing regimes and saltbush species.

Undertake intensive management of identified key refugia and wildlife habitats. Maintain dingo populations to control exotic pests. Re-introduce engineer species (e.g. bilbies and bettongs) where feral animal controls are in place and effective.Manage native grazing pressure (e.g. from kangaroos).

Actively manage weeds when undertaking restoration activities to ensure weeds do not compete for soil moisture with vulnerable native replantings. Apply herbicides to actively growing weeds and avoid spray drift. Do not leave areas of bare ground to avoid wind and water erosion of soils. Retain some weed cover and stagger removal and replacement with native grasses.

Target rabbits, foxes and cats in key refugia and habitats. Manage foxes and rabbits simultaneously to prevent foxes switching to predation on native species, or increases in rabbit populations.

Mallee with a dense shrubby understorey vegetation profile

96.79% remaining

Commonly found species within this communityEucalyptus diversifolia; Eucalyptus porosa; Eucalyptus costata subsp. Murrayana; Eucalyptus brachycalyx; Eucalyptus socialis; Eucalyptus gracilis; Eucalyptus oleosa; Eucalyptus incrassata; Eucalyptus leptophylla; Eucalyptus dumosa; Melaleuca uncinata; Melaleuca lanceolata; Melaleuca acuminata; Sclerolaena diacantha; Enchylaena tomentosa; Rhagodia parabolica; shrub; tussock grass; forb.




WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT


DISEASEMANAGEMENT

Protect against dryland salinity by maintaining and replanting native vegetation.Close or fence artificial sources of water in conservation reserves.Protect, and where appropriate fence important wildlife habitat including for Malleefowl.Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants.

Exclude stock from remnants to enable recruitment and regeneration of over and under-storey species.Create windbreaks with mallee species to reduce the impacts of soil erosion.Reduce tillage in zones around remnants.Avoid creating new access tracks and roads through remnants.

Undertake restoration where there are few mature overstorey species or lack of suitable sites for seed germination.Choose mallee species that occur in remnants on similar soils and slope aspect. Replicate the relative abundance of species.Manage wildlife corridors between remnant patches.Create buffer zones around remnants by revegetating previously cleared lands with mallee and ground storey species.

Reduce the occurrence of large fires, and use mosaic burning techniques.Ensure mosaic burns are targeted at different age classes of vegetation, to ensure age diversity between and within remnant patches.Avoid clearing roadsides for firebreaks.Discourage broadscale burning for agricultural purposes in lands near Malleefowl habitat.

Manage native grazing animals.Minimise the amount of grain spilt during transport through Malleefowl habitat, as foraging close to roadsides leaves them susceptible to collisions with vehicles.Erect signs where needed to warn drivers that Malleefowl may be on the road.

Actively manage weeds when undertaking restoration activities to ensure weeds do not compete for soil moisture with vulnerable native replantings.A 1-metre radius weed free buffer should be maintained around native woody plants. Use spot control to maintain this.Apply herbicides to actively growing weeds and avoid spray drift.Do not leave areas of bare ground to avoid wind and water erosion of soils. Retain some weed cover and stagger removal and

Manage exotic herbivore species including goats, sheep, rabbits especially near habitat for wildlife such as Malleefowl.Control foxes and rabbits simultaneously to avoid foxes switching to predation on native species, or increases in rabbit populations.Shooting is a suitable control for goats, wallabies, goats, deer, hares and foxes. Baiting is appropriate for rabbits, hares and foxes.Monitor for Red-legged earth mites. Populations should be managed with a

Mallee with hummock grass vegetation profile

79.8% Remaining

Commonly found species within this communityEucalyptus socialis; Eucalyptus dumosa; Eucalyptus porosa; Callitris glaucophylla; Eucalyptus gracilis; Myoporum platycarpum; Eucalyptus leptophylla; Acacia wilhelmiana; Callitris verrucosa; Leptospermum coriaceum; Acacia ligulata; Triodia scariosa; Rhagodia spinescens; Senna artemisioides ssp. Coriacea; Dodonaea viscosa ssp. angustissima; Halgania cyanea; Brachyloma ericoides; Beyeria opaca; Westringia rigida; Grevillea huegelii; hummock grass; shrub.




WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT


DISEASEMANAGEMENT

Protect against dryland salinity by maintaining and replanting native vegetation.Close or fence artificial sources of water in conservation reserves as these may attract feral species and trampling.Protect, and where appropriate, fence important wildlife habitat includingfor Malleefowl.Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land.

Exclude stock from remnants to enable recruitment and regeneration of over andunder-storey species.Create windbreaks with mallee species to reduce the impacts of soil erosion. Reduce tillage in zones around remnants.Avoid creating new access tracks and roads through

remnants.

Undertake restoration where there are few mature overstorey species or lack of suitable sites for seed germination.Choose mallee species that occur in remnants on similar soils and slope aspect. Replicate the relative abundance

of species.Manage wildlife corridors betweenremnant patches. Create buffer zones around remnants by revegetating previously cleared lands with mallee and groundstorey species.

Reduce the occurrence of large fires, and use mosaic burning techniques.Ensure mosaic burns are targeted at different age classes of vegetation, to ensure age diversity between and within remnant patches. Discourage broad-scale burning for agricultural purposes in areas that harbour Malleefowl.Avoid clearing roadsides for firebreaks. Discourage broad-scale burning for agricultural purposes in areas that harbour Malleefowl.

Manage native grazing animals. Minimise the amount of grain spilt during transport through areas that harbour

Malleefowl.Erect signs where needed to warn drivers that Malleefowl may be on the road.

Actively manage weeds when undertaking restoration activities to ensure weeds do not compete for soil moisture with vulnerable native replantings. Apply herbicides to actively growing weeds and avoid spray drift. Avoid wind and water erosion of soils. Retain some weed cover and stagger removal and replacement with native grasses.

Manage exotic herbivore species including goats, sheep, rabbits especially near habitat for wildlife such as Malleefowl. Control foxes and rabbits simultaneously to avoid foxes switching to predation on native species, or increases in rabbit

populations.Shooting is a suitable control for goats, wallabies, goats, deer, hares and foxes. Baiting is appropriate for rabbits, hares and foxes.Monitor for Red-legged earth mites. Populations should be

Casuarina and Allocasuarina open woodlands with a shrubby understorey vegetation profile

98.16% Remaining

Commonly found species within this communityCasuarina pauper; Alectryon oleifolius ssp. Canescens; Callitris gracilis; Olearia decurrens; Senna artemisioides ssp. Coriacea; Senna artemisioides ssp. Petiolaris; Senna artemisioides ssp. filifolia; Alyxia buxifolia; Geijera linearifolia; Maireana sedifolia; Enchylaena tomentosa; Enchylaena tomentosa var.,Maireana georgei/turbinata; shrub.




WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT


DISEASEMANAGEMENT

Purchase threatened ecological communities, such as Buloke woodlands into reservation. Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land.Encourage wise water use and avoid changes to water table levels. Retain standing dead trees and fallen timber.

Manage grazing pressure in remnants with an intact, native ground layer.Exclude stock from remnants or areas with scattered trees for a few years to allow regeneration, then protect the young trees if stock need to be re-introduced.Establish buffers of indigenous shrubs around all small reserves, to reduce fertilizer drift and accretion of aeolian soils in overlying loam.Avoid fertiliser and herbicide application.

In-plant woody species where regeneration does not naturally occur.Replicate the species composition and density of good quality remnants (an open canopy of trees; open tall shrubs or small trees; and a number of lower strata, including a dense grassy layer). As far as possible, restore natural infrequent environmental flows along the Wimmera River and River Murray. These floodwaters provide infrequent, but essential inundation and soil moisture levels to

Fires of very low intensity may have been important in maintaining the open nature and the grassiness of Buloke Woodlands.It is suspected that lack of fire, in association with removal of grazing, has led to increased woody species in the lower strata of otherwise good quality remnants.Canopy tree regeneration is unlikely after severe wildfire. In the event of wildfire, revegetation of overstorey species may be necessary.

Manage populations of kangaroos.

Manage Avena species, Brachypodium distachyon, Bromus species, Lolium species, Medicago species, Poa bulbosa and Trifolium species.

Manage exotic herbivore species including goats, sheep, rabbits especially near habitat for wildlife such as Malleefowl. Control foxes and rabbits simultaneously to avoid foxes switching to predation on native species, or increases in rabbit populations.Protect rehabilitation sites from incursions of feral species through fencing.

PROTECTION SUSTAINABLEAGRICULTURALPRACTICE


WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT


DISEASEMANAGEMENT

enable seed germination.

Mallee with an open shrubby understorey vegetation profile

57.63% Remaining

Commonly found species within this communityEucalyptus diversifolia; Eucalyptus dumosa; Eucalyptus socialis; Eucalyptus oleosa; Eucalyptus gracilis; Rhagodia parabolica; Melaleuca uncinata; Melaleuca lanceolata; Melaleuca acuminata; Pittosporum angustifolium; Nitraria billardierei; Maireana pyramidata; Santalum acuminatum; Exocarpos aphyllus; Eremophila glabra; Triodia irritans; Maireana pentatropis; Stenopetalum lineare; samphire shrub; forb; other grass; hummock grass.




WILDLIFEMANAGEMENT

WEEDMANAGEMENT


DISEASEMANAGEMENT

Protect against dryland salinity by maintaining and replanting native vegetation.Close or fence artificial sources of water in conservation reserves as these may attract feral species and trampling.Protect, and where appropriate, fence important wildlife habitat including for Malleefowl.Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land.

Exclude stock from remnants to enable regeneration of over and under-storey species.Create windbreaks with mallee species to reduce the impacts of soil erosion. Reduce tillage in zones around remnants.Avoid creating new access tracks and roads through remnants.

Undertake restoration where there are few mature overstorey species or lack of suitable sites for seed germination.Choose mallee species that occur in remnants on similar soils and slope aspect. Replicate the relative abundance

of species.Manage wildlife corridors between remnant patches. Create buffer zones around remnants by revegetating previously cleared lands with mallee and ground

Reduce the occurrence of large fires, and use mosaic burning techniques.Ensure mosaic burns are targeted at different age classes of vegetation, to ensure age diversity between and within remnant patches. Discourage broad-scale burning for agricultural purposes in areas that harbour Malleefowl.Avoid clearing roadsides for firebreaks.

Manage native grazing animals. Minimise the amount of grain spilt during transport through Malleefowl habitat.Erect signs where needed to warn drivers that Malleefowl may be on the road.

Actively manage weeds when undertaking restoration activities to ensure weeds do not compete for soil moisture with vulnerable native replantings.Apply herbicides to actively growing weeds and avoid spray drift. Avoid wind and water erosion of soils. Retain some weed cover and stagger removal and replacement with native grasses.

Manage exotic herbivore species including goats, sheep, rabbits. Protect rehabilitation sites from incursions of feral species through fencing. Ensure rabbit control is followed by fox control to avoid foxes switching to predation on native species, or increases in rabbit populations.

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