Conservation and ecological research of the world's largest · 2017. 11. 30. · Amaraa Moogii...
Transcript of Conservation and ecological research of the world's largest · 2017. 11. 30. · Amaraa Moogii...
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Conservation and ecological
research of the world's largest
trout, Hucho taimen, in Mongolia's
Eg-Uur Watershed
Dan Vermillion, Sweetwater Travel Company
Livingston, MT
Co-Founder – Taimen Conservation Fund
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Taimen (Hucho Taimen)
• Most closely related to lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)
• Spends it entire life in large rivers
• Taimen have been removed from 90% of their original habitat
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Taimen (Hucho taimen)
Family
Sub-family
Genus
Salmonidae
Coregoninae Salmoninae Thymallinae
Salvelinus Salmo Oncorhynchus BrachymystaxHucho
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The genus Hucho
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Mongolia has Worlds Last Thriving
Populations of Taimen
• Least populated country on the planet with 4.5 people/mi2
• 2.8 million people in a country the size of Alaska. About 1 million in the Capital of Ulaan Baatar
• Primarily nomadic herders - Ratio of livestock to humans is 11 to 1
• 98% literacy rate
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Taimen Range in Mongolia
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Taimen are a threatened species listed in
the Mongolian and Russian Red Books
Edited by
J. Ocock, G. Baasanjav, J.E.M. Baillie,
O. Chimendtseren, M. Erdenebat, M.
Kottelat, B. Mendsaikhan & K. Smith
Regional Red List Series
Mongolian Red List of Fishes
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Catch and Removal of Taimen
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Placer Gold Mining
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Hydropower dams
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CHINA
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Project location: Eg-Uur watershed, Mongolia
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Conservation Strategy
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Recreational fishing as ecotourism
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Ichiro Nagai © 2006 IGFA Record 21.2 kg on 9.0 kg line.
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Natural Resource law enforcement
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Buddhism and Conservation
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Scientific Research
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Science team and its goals
• multi-institutional study
• goals
1. population estimates
and structure
2. migration patterns and
critical habitat
3. growth / diet research
4. taimen’s environmental needs
5. 5. student training
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The Role of Science
(2004 – 2008)
• Determine appropriate size of a concession area
– Must include nursery grounds, spawning grounds, and feeding habitat
– Must contain a viable population of taimen including trophy sized fish (50+ inches)
– Fish can not migrate beyond the bounds of the concession area
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Key output goal for management
• Develop a population
model to predict
changes in taimen
abundance and mean
size under different
release mortality and
poaching scenarios
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Taimen Population
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Tagging and Tracking Taimen
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Taimen Research Station
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Taimen Movement
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Tracking on
horseback
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R01
76 cm
Relocated: 21
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1005
Kilometers
A((((((( (
(
(((( (((((
((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
0 10 205
Kilometers
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1005
Kilometers
*
*
*
*
*
*
((((((((
((((
(
((((((
(((((((((((((
VVV
VVV
VVVVVVVV
VVVVV
0 10 205
Kilometers
R13/A34
125 cm
Relocated: 17
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Movements: results
Home range size Seasonal movements
Gilroy et al. 2010
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Taimen Movement by Month
0
5
10
15
20
25
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Month
Movem
en
ts b
y R
ecie
ver
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Taimen Reproduction
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Spawning season model determines
fishing season zones
Vander Zanden et al. 2007
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Taimen
Diet
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Food-web Studies
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Studying the requirements of Juveniles
Investigation continues in Eg-Uur study area, current information comes from
literature
Eggs take about a month to hatch with timing dependent on water
temperature (early June)
Taimen up to 1 inch in length feed on insect larvae while utilizing calm,
shallow river habitat
Juveniles begin feeding on other fish at about 2 inches in length
By August they are 3 inches in length and feed exclusively on fish
Maturity occurs at about 1m in length in 10-13yrs
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Data
• Age-length info from 11 taimen otoliths
• Growth from published literature
• 4 year mark-recapture study
• Life history invariants and meta-analysis
• Movement and release mortality from telemetry
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Data
• Growth from published literature (Russia)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
0 5 10 15 20 25 30Age (years)
Len
gth
(m
m)
Literature
Eg-Uur otoliths
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Preliminary Findings
• Taimen growth in the Eg-Uur is slower and maximum length is larger than data from heavily fished populations suggest.
• Even relatively low levels of harvest could depress mean size and abundance.
• Recovery time from overfishing, poaching, or other sources of mortality is likely to be long.
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Management Goal for region:
Sustainable Recreational Fishery by
Catch and Release Angling
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Conclusions
• The 100% catch-release recreational fishery
has little impact on the taimen population,
but recreational harvest could impact
survival, abundance, and size structure.
• A commercial fishery operated at MSY
would not be compatible with a high-end
recreational fishery in the same area and
would generate considerably less revenue
($10 – 20 K vs. $300 – 500 K per year).
• Movement rates suggest that spatial
management should occur at larger scales
(> 20 – 40 km segments)
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Fisheries Science in Mongolia
• Few fish biologists in a large area.
• Fisheries research and pro-active management is almost non-existent
• Increasing need for fisheries science as fisheries decline, species are threatened, and economic values for fish increase
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Acknowledgements
Funding Sources
Global Environmental Facility
National Geographic Society
World Bank - Development Marketplace
Taimen Conservation Fund
Jeff Liebert
E. Erdenebat
Batsuren
Purevsuren
Sweetwater Travel
Hovsgol Travel
Tahoe-Baikal Institute
Amaraa
Moogii
Nemhee
Buryat
Ayush-Guai
the communities of Erdenebulgan, Teshig and Tsagaan-Uur
11
Science Team
M. Erdenebat
Chimed-Ochir
Amartuvshin
Emily Stanley
Carol Schraufnagel
Dave Harring
Terrence Berry
Dr. Kurt Sladky
Katie Lord
Willie Fetzer
Norman-Mercado Silva
Jeff Maxted
Lucas Joppa