Connective Tissues. Connective Tissue Makes up part of every organ in the body Unique tissue because...
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Transcript of Connective Tissues. Connective Tissue Makes up part of every organ in the body Unique tissue because...
Connective Tissues
Connective Tissue
• Makes up part of every organ in the body
• Unique tissue because it has a extracellular matrix which separates the cells in this tissue.
Functions• Encloses and Separates: form capsules around
organs, forms layers that separate tissues and organs.
• Connecting tissues to one another: tendons = attach muscle to bones, ligaments = hold bones to bones.
• Supporting and moving: bones, semiridged cartilage supports nose, ears and surfaces of joints.
• Storing: adipose tissue stores high-energy molecules and bones store minerals
Functions
• Cushioning and insulating: Adipose tissues cushions and protects surrounding tissues, insulates layer beneath skin (conserves heat).
• Transporting: blood transports substances throughout the body
• Protecting: immune cells and blood provide protection against toxins and tissue injury.
Extracellular Matrix
• This matrix gives connective tissue types the ability to do their job. For example: the extracellular matrix allows bones and cartilage to bear weight.
• Provides support and anchorage for cells.
Components of Extracellular Matrix• 3 major components
– Protein Fibers– Ground substance– Fluid
• Protein Fibers in Matrix:– Collagen fibers: proteins. Looks like a microscopic
rope.– Reticular fibers: very fine collagen fibers, short and thin– Elastic fibers: contain the protein, elastin. Elastin looks
like tiny coiled springs.
Cells involved in Maintaining Connective Tissues
• Suffixes for cells involved in making, maintaining and destroying the extracellular matrix:– Blasts = create matrix– Cytes = maintain the matrix– Clasts = breaks down matrix for remodeling
• Prefixes = name of tissue• Example: chondrocytes = chondro- is cartilage and -
cyte is to maintain the matrix. Chondrocytes maintain cartilage.
Types of Connective Tissue
Mesenchyme
• Location: Embryonic Tissue
• Structure: Irregularly shaped
• Function: Form connective tissues as well as muscle, & blood vessels.
Mucous
• Location: Umbilical cords of newborns
• Structure: Mesenchymal tissue Irregularly shaped
• Function: Connects fetus to mother
Loose or Areolar
• Location: Under epithelial tissue. Packing material between muscles, nerves and glands.
• Structure: Cells within a network of collagen fibers.
• Function: Packing, support and provide nutrients.
Dense Regular Collagenous
• Location: Tendons and Ligaments
• Structure: Collagen fibers running in mostly the same direction.
• Function: Withstands pulling, has great strength and stretch resistance.
Dense Regular Elastic Tissue
• Location: Ligaments between vertebrae & vocal cords
• Structure: Collagen and elastin fibers run in same direction
• Function: Like rubber bands – stretches and recoils in the direction of fibers.
Dense Irregular Collagenous
• Location: Dermis of the skin. Surrounds organs.
• Structure: Collagen fibers run in all directions
• Function: Stretching skin, can handle stretching in all directions
Bone
Bone
Cartilage: Hyaline
Cartilage: Hyaline
Cartilage: Fibrocartilage
Adipose Tissue
Reticular Connective Tissue
Blood