Conjunctions Y – E, O – U, Pero, Sino, Sino Que Sp. 3 H c.11.

ConjunctionsConjunctions

Y – E, O – U, Y – E, O – U,

Pero, Sino, Sino QuePero, Sino, Sino Que

Sp. 3 HSp. 3 H

c.11c.11


You’ve probably noticed that Spanish You’ve probably noticed that Spanish tends to run words together: tends to run words together:

mi hijos – “mijos”mi hijos – “mijos”

In this presentation, we’ll look at In this presentation, we’ll look at

how this effects the use of how this effects the use of

Y (and) and O (or).Y (and) and O (or).


Running words together that have the Running words together that have the same back to back vowel sounds same back to back vowel sounds

cuases cuases a problem when it causes an entire a problem when it causes an entire

word word to disappear: to disappear:

Padres Padres yy h hiijos – “jos – “padres yjos”padres yjos”

To solve this problem the following To solve this problem the following changes occur and need to be changes occur and need to be

recognized and used…recognized and used…


The Y changes to E in front of words The Y changes to E in front of words that begin with I or hi (EXCEPT before that begin with I or hi (EXCEPT before

words that begin with words that begin with hiehie): ):

Padres Padres yy h hiijos jos

Padres Padres ee h hiijosjos


The O changes to U in front of words The O changes to U in front of words that begin with o or ho:that begin with o or ho:

Bolígrafos Bolígrafos oo h hoojas de jas de papel papel

Bolígrafos Bolígrafos uu h hoojas de jas de papelpapel


The word PERO is typically used The word PERO is typically used to mean but…to mean but…

He didn’t arrive early He didn’t arrive early butbut at least he at least he came.came.

No llegó temprano No llegó temprano peropero por lo menos él por lo menos él vino. vino.

ConjunctionsConjunctionsThe expressions SINO and SINO QUE can also The expressions SINO and SINO QUE can also

be translated to mean BUT, but only if the be translated to mean BUT, but only if the follow conditions are met…follow conditions are met…

1. The first phrase or clause in NEGATIVE1. The first phrase or clause in NEGATIVE

2. The second phrase or clause contradicts 2. The second phrase or clause contradicts the firstthe first

Ie…He didIe…He didn’tn’t arrive early, arrive early, but (rather) latebut (rather) late..

Ie…No llegó temprano, sino tarde. Ie…No llegó temprano, sino tarde.


The expressions The expressions SINOSINO and SINO QUE are and SINO QUE are distinguished by…distinguished by…

1. The first phrase or clause in NEGATIVE1. The first phrase or clause in NEGATIVE

2. The second phrase or clause contradicts 2. The second phrase or clause contradicts the firstthe first

3. The expression is followed by a conjugated 3. The expression is followed by a conjugated verbverb

Ie…Paco no llegó temprano, sino que Ie…Paco no llegó temprano, sino que llegó a tiempo.llegó a tiempo.

Conjunctions Y – E, O – U, Pero, Sino, Sino Que Sp. 3 H c.11.

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