Conjunctions (Conjunciones)Las conjunciones son empleadas para enlazar entre sí las palabras y/o oraciones. Hay dos tipos de conjunciones y la posición que tiene dentro de una oración depende del tipo. Además, hay tres formas de conjunciones.

Las conjunciones más comunes son "and," "but" y "or".

Ejemplos: She works at a bank and goes to university.

She works at a bank and goes to university. (Trabaja en un banco y va a la universidad.)

I like to swim in the ocean, but only if the water is warm.

I like to swim in the ocean, but only if the water is warm. (Me gusta nadar en el océano, pero sólo si el agua es caliente.)

We can study now or later.

We can study now or later. (Podemos estudiar ahora o más tarde.)

Types of Conjunctions (Los tipos de conjunciones)

1. Conjunciones coordinantes: Este tipo de conjunción se utiliza cuando queremos enlazar dos frases que tienen el mismo valor.

o Ejemplos:o She likes to sing and dance

She likes to sing and dance. (Le gusta cantar y bailar.)

o I want to move to London so I am studying English.

I want to move to London so I am studying English. (Quiero mudarme a Londres, por lo tanto estoy estudiando inglés.)

o They are moving to Barcelona, however they really like Madrid.

They are moving to Barcelona, however they really like Madrid. (Se mudan a Barcelona sin embargo les gusta mucho Madrid.)

and, but, however, or, so, then, therefore, yet....

Posición: Siempre van entre las frases o palabras.

2. Conjunciones subordinantes: Se utiliza este tipo de conjunción cuando una de las frases depende de la otra (frase subordinada). La frase subordinada no tiene sentido sin la otra. La mayoria de conjunciones son subordinantes.

o Ejemplos:o I have been working at the bank since 2005.

I have been working at the bank since 2005. (Llevo trabajando en el banco desde 2005.)

o She is studying English so that she can move to London.

She is studying English so that she can move to London. (Está estudiando inglés para que pueda mudarse a Londres.)

o They went to the beach although it was raining.

They went to the beach although it was raining. (Fueron a la playa aunque estaba lloviendo.)

although, as, after, before, if, since, so that, until, when...

Posición: En general van adelante de la frase subordenada.

Nota: Hay tres formas de conjunciones: simple (de una sola una palabra), compleja (más de una palabra y generalmente seguido por "as" o "that") o correlativa (rodean a un adjetivo o a un adverbio, tales como "if...then").

Inglés EspañolCoordinante

Subordinante

after after

después de   X

although although

aunque   X

and and

y X  

as as

como, cuando, mientras   X

as as as...as

tan...como   X

as long as as long as

siempre que, con tal de que   X

as soon as as soon as

en cuanto, tan pronto... como   X

as well as as well as

además de, así como, también

X  

because because

porque   X

before before

antes de   X

both and both...and

no sólo, sino también, tanto...como

X  

but but

pero, sino X  

either or either...or

o...o X  

even if even if

aunque   X

even though even though

aunque   X

however however

sin embargo X  

if if

si   X

in case in case

en caso de que, por si   X

in order to in order to

para, con objeto de   X

moreover moreover

además X  

neither nor neither...nor

ni...ni X  

nevertheless nevertheless

sin embargo, no obstante X  

nor nor

ni X  

now that now that

ahora que   X

or or

o X  

once once

una vez que   X

since desde que   X

since

so so

así que X  

so that so that

para que   X

then then

entonces X  

therefore therefore

por lo tanto, por consiguiente X  

though though

aunque   X

unless unless

a menos que   X

until until

hasta que   X

when when

cuando   X

whereas whereas

mientras que   X

whether whether

si   X

whether or whether...or

si...o   X

yet yet

sin embargo, no obstante X  

 

EXAMPLES:

He have been working at the hospital since 2011(El lleva trabajando en el hospital desde el 2011)

She likes to swim and dance.(A ella le gusta cantar y bailar .)

He works at a police station and goes to gimnasy.(Trabaja en la estación de policía y va al gimnasio.)

They went to the park although it was raining.(Fueron al parque aunque estaba lloviendo.)

You can scook now or later.(Puedes cocinar ahora o más tarde.)

We can study now or later. (Podemos estudiar ahora o más tarde.)

Conjunctions (Conjunciones)Lección gramática: Conjunctions

I looked but I didn't see him.

A and

B but

C or

D as

She speaks slowly and clearly.

A and

B but

C or

D both

She speaks fast, but I understand her.

A and

B but

C or

D as

What would you like, coffee or tea?

A and

B but

C or

D both

I have been living in Barcelona since 1999.

A as

B until

C for

D since

After it stopped raining, we went to the beach.

A After

B Since

C However

D Until

He went to the Alps on holiday this year, however he usually prefers the beach.

A therefore

B however

C so

D since

John is as not fase as you.

A both, and

B either, or

C as, as

D whether, or

Heather is moving to Florida because she got a new job.

A because

B for

C and

I am saving my money so that I can buy a new car.

A because

B although

C so that