50 YEARS OF CONGRESS RULE IN

INDIA………… Submitted by;

AESHA BRAHMBHATT

TANUSHREE SAHA

REETESH AGARWAL

CHANDRA PRAKASH MAURYA

SOMIT RANJAN DAS

AVINASH KUMAR SWAIN

MITALI BARMAN

BITOPAN NATH

RUPAM DAS

DIVYA KHUNT

PRESENT HISTORY OF CONGRESS IN INDIA POST INDEPENDENCE ERA INTRODUCTION OF UPA HITS OF UPA MISSES OF UPA CONCLUSION

CONTENTS

Indian National Congress

•ChairpersonSonia gandhi

•Parliamentary ChairpersonSonia Gandhi

•Leader in Lok SabhaSushikumar sindhe

•Leader in Rajya SabhaManmohan singh(prime minister)

• Founded1969 (INC Indira)1885 (historical)

• Headquarters24, Akbar Road, New Delhi

• NewspaperCongress Sandesh

UNITED PROGRESSIVE ALLIANCE The United Progressive Alliance (UPA) is

a coalition of left political parties in India formed after the 2004 general election In the UPA is Indian National Congress, whose president Sonia Gandhi is also the chairperson of the UPA. Subsequently the Prime Minister of India , Manmohan Singh, and the Council of Ministers are drawn from members of the UPA.

Current members Indian National Congress (209 MPs) Nationalist Congress Party (9 MPs) Rashtriya Lok Dal (5 MPs) Jammu & Kashmir National Conference (3 MPs) Indian Union Muslim League (3 MPs) Kerala Congress (Mani) (1 MP) Sikkim Democratic Front (1 MP) All India United Democratic Front (1 MP) Outside support is provided by: Samajwadi Party (22 MPs) Bahujan Samaj Party (21 MPs) Rashtriya Janata Dal (4 MPs) The total is 276 MPs which is above the requisite 275 MPs to stay

in power.[11]

HISTORY OF CONGRESS IN INDIA The pre-independence era :

The Congress was founded by Indian and British members of the Theosophical Society movement, most notably A.O. Hume. Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee was the first President of the INC. At the time of the Quit India movement, the Congress was undoubtedly the strongest revolutionary group in India, but the Congress disassociated itself from the Quit India movement within a few days. The Indian National Congress could not claim to be the sole representative of the Indian people as other parties were there as well notably the Hindu Mahasabha, Azad Hind Sarkar, and Forward Bloc.

The post-independence era: The party remained in power for thirty continuous years

between independence in 1947 and its first taste of electoral defeat (at the national level) in 1977.

The post-independence era

The party remained in power for thirty continuous years between independence in 1947 and its first taste of electoral defeat (at the national level) in 1977.

Following the assassination of Indira Gandhi in 1984, the Indian National Congress party leaders nominated Rajiv Gandhi to be the next Prime Minister. He took office by storm, winning major election victory, and leading the Congress party by winning 411 seats out of 542, in the Indian Parliament. He helped improve the economic, foreign and security policies of the country, during his tenure.

Afterward, former treasurer Sitaram Kesari took over the reins of the party and oversaw the Congress support to the United Front governments that ran from 1996 to 1998. During his tenure, several key leaders broke away from the party, and serious infighting broke out among those left. In 1998, Sonia Gandhi finally accepted the post of Congress President, in a move that may have saved the party from extinction.

After her election as party leader, a section of the party, which objected to the choice, broke away and formed the Nationalist Congress Party. The use of "Congress (I)" continues to denote the party run by Indira Gandhi's successors. Sonia Gandhi's autocratic era in power has been criticised by some, including the ultra-nationalist right-wing Bharatiya Janata Party (Indian People's Party) and the ultra-left wing Communist Party of India as well as other, mostly affiliated, groups on the basis that she is a foreigner of Italian ethnicity.

Although the Congress expedited the downfall of the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government in 1999 by promising an alternative, Ms. Gandhi's decision was followed by fresh elections and the Congress party's worst-ever tally in the lower house. The party spent the interval period forging alliances and overseeing changes in the state and central institutions to revive the party. It has had many electoral successes which led up to the formation of a Congress-led government in 2004. In the next general election in 2009 which made Manmohan Singh the Prime Minister once again, and Congress was the first party to get 206 seats during a coalition era of politics.

IDEOLOGY AND POLICIES

Social policy

Economic policy

Foreign policy

Social policy

Social policy of the INC is officially based upon the Gandhian principle of Sarvodaya (upliftment of all sections of the society.) In particular INC emphasises upon policies to improve the lives of the economically under privillaged and socially disprivilleged sections of society. This includes publicising employment generation efforts for the rural population (through schemes such as National Rural Employment Generation Scheme) etc. The party supports the somewhat controversial concept of family planning with birth control but hasn't overtly supported elective abortion, which would be controversial and dangerous as certain groups (e.g. Feminists) could consider that to be sexist or insensitive and the INC wouldn't have been able to survive under such pressure. The INC supports the highly controversial 'Reservation' system (i.e. reserving jobs and other things for underprivileged factions of society) which could lead to an inexperienced poorer person getting a job instead of an experienced wealthier person, though it could also be vice versa.

Economic policy

Initially and for a long time, the economic policy of the INC was centred around the public sector and aimed at establishing a "socialistic pattern of society". However, after the recent adoption of Economically Liberal policies started by Manmohan Singh the then Finance Minister in the early 1990s, the economic policy of INC has been changed somewhat and it is now adopted free market policies, though at the same time it is in favour of taking a cautious approach when it comes to liberalising the economy claiming it is to help ensure that the weaker sectors aren't affected to hard by the changes that come with liberalisation.

ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE UPA GOVERNMENT

1) 100% of the Golden Quadrilateral was completed by UPA (97% during UPA-1 itself). 100% of Phase II of NHDP completed in 2009. NHDP Phase III involves four-laning of 12,109 km of national highways, having high density corridor connecting state capitals, important tourist places, economically important areas etc. 52 % of Phase III of NHDP completed as on Feb 2013.

2) India presently has an installed power capacity of 2.11 lakh MW but only 4,780 MW from this is coming from our nuclear power plants, 2.5% of the installed capacity. We are now working towards increasing this to 63,000 MW by the year 2032.

3) The Infant Mortality Rate has reduced drastically over the years

4) During NDA regime GDP growth rate was only 5.9%. Whereas UPA government raised it to 8.3% during their 1st Term and during UPA 2nd Term, when the whole world was facing global economical meltdown, they maintained a GDP growth rate of 6.8%, significantly higher than the average GDP growth rate during the NDA regime

Hits of UPA

The achievements of successive Congress governments are indelibly marked on the contemporary face of our country.

These are the few schemes that congress has launched for the development of the indian society.

Congress achieved the Green Revolution and the White Revolution bringing new prosperity to our kisans. THEY LAUNCH DIFFERENT SCHEMES ,EG, Rashtriya Krishi Vikas

YoJANA Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (:रा�ष्ट्री�य कृ� षि षि�कृ�स य जना�) (National Agriculture

Development Scheme) is a State Plan Scheme of Additional Central Assistance  launched in August 2007 as a part of the 11th Five Year Plan by the Government of India. Launched under the aegis of the National Development Council, it seeks to achieve 4% annual growth in agriculture .

Conti.. It is the Congress that launched extensive anti poverty , rural

development & employment programmes like Gramin Bhandaran Yojna , Integrated Rural Development Program Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana

Mahatma National Rural Employment Guarantee Act Gandhi It refers to the world's largest welfare program

○ This act was introduced with the aim of improving the purchasing power of semi- or unskilled rural people of India. It was enacted by legislation on 25 August 2005. The scheme provides a legal guarantee for at least 100 days of paid employment in every financial year to adult members . The  outlay for the scheme was 4000 billion (US$61 billion) in FY 2010–11.

Conti….

These are the few schemes for empowering the women society

jjjIndira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana,Integrated Child Development ServicesJanani Suraksha YojanaSabla or Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of

Adolescent Girls.

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYIn May 1998, India test its nuclear weapons under congress

governanance & launched missiles like Agni & Satellites like INSAT.

Conti… Education Area…

Midday Meal Scheme National Literacy Mission Programme

It has introduce and enacted schemes to provide health security & upliftment of the standard of living. Aam Aadmi Bima Yojana, Central Government Health

Scheme, Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana, Indira Awaas Yojana

Food security bills

The National Food Security Bill, 2013 passed by the parliament on late Monday gives right to subsidised food grain to 67 percent of India's 1.2 billion people and provides for penalty for non-compliance by public servants. The bill's salient features include: 

- Seventy five percent of rural and 50 percent of the urban population entitled to five kg food grains per month at Rs 3, Rs 2, Re 1 per kg for rice, wheat and coarse grains, respectively. 

- The work of identification of eligible households has been left to the states. 

- Pregnant women and lactating mothers entitled to nutritious meals and maternity benefit of at least Rs 6,000 for six months. 

- The central government will provide funds to states in case of short supply of foodgrain. 

Conti..

- The current food grain allocation of the states will be protected by the central government. 

- The state governments will provide food security allowance to the beneficiaries in case of non-supply of foodgrain .

Public distribution system to be reformed. 

- The eldest woman in the household, 18 years or above, will be the head of the household for the issue of the ration card. 

- There will be state and district level redress mechanisms. 

SCAMS OF CONGRESS

1. Insurance Scam2. Telecom scam (Sukh Ram)3. HDW Submarine4. Bitumen scam5. Tansi land deal6. Securities Scam7. JMM Bribery Scandal8. Kitts case9. Urea scam10. CRB Scam11. Anantnag transport scam12. 1971 Nagarwala scandal13. Fooder scam14. Churhat lottery scam15. Bofors Scandal (1990)16. Animal Husbandry Case (1990)17. Bombay Stock Exchange Fraud18. Hawala scandal (1993)

19. Bangalore-Mysore Corridor (1995 )

20. Sukh Ram (1996) 21. Fodder Scam in Bihar

22. Kerala SNC Lavalin power scandal(97)23. Home Trade24. Ketan Parekh Scandal,25. Barak Missile Deal Scandal,26. Tehelka Scandal (2001)27. UTI Scam28. Taj corridor case (2002–2003)29. Telgi scandal (2003)30. DSQ Software31. IPO Scam- karvy32. Oil-for-food programme scam (Natwar) (05)33. Human Trafficking Scam (Babubhai Katara)34. Cash-for-votes scandal35. Satyam scandal36. 2G Spectrum- 200837. Madhu Koda, laundering money Rs. 4000 Cr38. NREGA Scam39. CWG40. Adarsh

2G Spectrum Scam

The Spectrum Scam, also known as the 2G spectrum scam is the largest political corruption in the history of modern India. The corruption led to a loss of $40 billion to the Government of India. The 2G scam led to Raja's resignation.

In the scam, the telecom bandwidth-spectrum was grossly undervalued and was offered to a chosen few with vested interests. An FIR filed by the Central Bureau of Investigation claims that the allocation of 2G Bandwidth was not done as per market prices. This resulted in a scam worth Rs. 200,000,000,000 (US$ 4,540,000,000).

A. Raja has submitted his resignation on November 14, 2010. Reports for a further criminal investigation and action on Raja has been filed by the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) and the Central Burea of Investigation .

Bofors scandal 

The Bofors scandal was a major corruption scandal in India in the 1980s and 1990s, initiated by Congress politicians and implicating the prime minister, Rajiv Gandhi and several others who were accused of receiving kickbacks from Bofors AB for winning a bid to supply India's 155 mm field howitzer.

The Swedish company paid 640 million (US$9.8 million) in kickbacks to top Indian politicians and key defence officials .

When this news was carried by the Indian media, the Rajiv Gandhi-led government promptly denied the report. The scale of the corruption was far worse than any that India had seen before.

WHY CONGRESS AGAIN?

There are many reasons why the Congress remains unique among all political parties in India.The Congress is the only all-India party in the country, the only national political force with a presence in each and every region of this vast country. Whether in power or out, the Congress is a visible and tangible political force in villages, towns and cities all across India.

The Congress is the only political party that derives its strength and support from, and appeals to, each and every section of our variegated society. It is the only political party that has provided for reservations in its organization for scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, 0BCs minorities and women.

The Congress is the only party whose philosophy on governance is rooted in democratic values, combining sustainable economic growth with social justice, and marrying economic liberalization to social liberalism. The Congress way is the way of dialogue, not discord. The Congress way is the way of accommodation, not acrimony.

The Congress is the only party whose philosophy of governance is based on a strong centre working purposefully with strong states and with empowered local self-government institutions. Rajniti Se Lok Niti, Gram Sabha Se Lok Sabha remains its objective.

The Congress has always been a party of youth. It respects age and seniority but youthful energy and dynamism has always been its hallmark. In 1989, it was Rajiv Gandhi who reduced the voting age to 18. It was Rajiv Gandhi who declared Swami Vivekanandas birth anniversary on January 12th as National Youth Day. It was also he who expanded the network of Nehru Yuvak Kendras to cover all the districts of the country.

THANK YOU ALL…..