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CONFUCIOUS EASTERN PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION

Background

  Chinese name : K’ung Tze @ Kung Fu Tze 

  Latinized by early Jesuit missionaries into Confucious.

  One of the greatest and most 

popular thinker and educationist 

of China.

  Places lots of stress on the importance of education.

  Born in Qufu, Shandong Province,

in 551 BC.

  Passed away at the age of 73 in 479BC.

  His teachings were compiled and preserved in the famous Lunyu  or 

Analects by his diciples.

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  Many Eastern and Western commentators, Confucius's teaching may be 

considered a Chinese example of humanism.

Confucious Definition of Education

Education nurtures the good behaviour in man through the following practices ;

good manners, consideration, respect for our elders, love those younger than us 

as well as loyalty to and love for the King and country.” 

  Confucius created a guide to proper behavior based on ethical, or moral,

principles.

  He placed the family and the good of society above the interests of the 

individual.

  He also stressed loyalty, courtesy, hard work, and service.

Confcucious Philosophy of Education

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Western Traditional Philosophy of Education

Perennialism Essentialism

•  “fixed and do not change” • Education should focus

on the search anddissemination of knowledge which is fixed.

Background • Started as a systematiceducational movement in the1930s.

• It is actually originated fromrealism and idealism.

 – Human beings bynature, have

universalcharacteristicswhich areconstant. One of these is rationalitywhich must benurtured fromyoung whilst weare still schooling.

Concept  – Essentialists believethat there is knowledge

and skills that need tobe taught to our pupil.

 – This school stresses onwhat an individualneeds to know in order to become a productiveperson.

 – These basics canchange from time to

Confucious’Philosophy

of Education

Concept

Of

Education

Goals

Of 

Education

curriculum

Role

of 

the

Teacher

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time. – Essentialism is said to

be both practical andpragmatic

• Education is for teaching

universal knowledge andvalues which areeverlasting and notconstrained by timelimits.

Educational Goals • To teach factual information

which needs to be learnt,appreciated and stored by our pupils as well as how toappreciate culture.

• Critical subjects to begiven due to- humanitiesand literature

• A teacher is considered alearned and authorizedexpert in education and

knowledge.• His responsibility is to

deliver knowledge anddiscipline his pupil.

Focus • Focus on curriculum which arethe basic skills such asreading, writing andarithmetic(3R).

• - Teacher is regarded as anauthority in the teaching and

learning in the classroom.

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Modern Western Philosophy of Education

 

PROGESSIVISM

Concept: Humans are capable of adapting to change.

• Education goals: Produce individuals who are ready to face changes in their daily lives.

• Focus

Curriculum: choice of subjects according to individual interest.

Teacher: facilitator & manager*

Teaching method: inductive*

Pupils: active seekers of knowledge*

Progressivism: EMPHASIS on experience

Modern

Western

Philosophy of 

Education

Progessivism

ExistensialismReconstructivism

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RECONSTRUCTIVISM

• Concept: school is a platform for building new society

• Goals: lays the foundation for a new cultural pattern.

• Focus

Curriculum: social science subjects

Teacher: agents of change

Teaching method: pupil-centred

Pupils: have the courage to try and be active

Emphasis on societal reform

• Reconstructivism *emphasizes the importance of changing for the better existing social

structures.

• Emphasis on societal reform

EXISTENSIALISM

• Concept: Human beings are responsible for themselves

• Goals: Not outlined

• Focus: existence of humans and their emotions, actions, responsibilities, and thoughts

Curriculum: aesthetics & philosophy

Teacher: knowledge catalyst

Teaching method: activity-centred and pupil centred.

• Pupils: active recipients of knowledge