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Conduction Conduction occurs within a material or between materials that are touching. In...
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Transcript of Conduction Conduction occurs within a material or between materials that are touching. In...
16.2: Heat and Thermodynamics
ConductionConduction occurs within a material or between materials that are touching.
In conduction, collisions between particles transfer thermal energy, without any overall transfer of matter.
Metals are good thermal conductors.
Air is a very good thermal
insulator. Wool garments and plastic foam
cups use trapped air to slow down
conduction.
ConvectionConvection is the transfer of thermal
energy when particles of a fluid move from one place to another.
Convection currents are important in many natural cycles, such as ocean currents, weather systems, and movements of hot rock in Earth’s interior.
RadiationRadiation is the transfer of energy
by waves moving through space.
All objects radiate energy. As an object’s temperature increases, the rate at which it radiates energy increases.
The sun warms you by radiation on a clear day.
16.3: Using Heat
Heat EnginesThere are two main types:
external combustion engine—an engine that burns fuel outside the engine.steam engine
internal combustion engine—heat engine in which the fuel burns inside the engine. Most cars have a four-stroke internal combustion engine
Heat PumpA heat pump is a device that reverses
the normal flow of thermal energy.Heat pumps must do work on a
refrigerant in order to reverse the normal flow of thermal energy.
Examples: refrigerator—it transfers thermal energy from the cold food compartment to the warm room.
Air conditioner