Conditional Cash Transfer Txt (1)

8/3/2019 Conditional Cash Transfer Txt (1)

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CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFER

Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs aim to reduce poverty by

making welfare programs conditional upon the receivers' actions. The government only

transfers the money to persons who meet certain criteria. These criteria may include

enrolling children into public schools, getting regular check-ups at the doctor's office,

receiving vaccinations, or the like.

Conditional cash transfer programs have been regarded as an effective way to

reconcile safety netsor more generally social assistance policieswith investments in

human development benefiting the poor. Simply handing over cash to poor families willnot be sufficient to tackle poverty in the long run. Hence, the idea is to transfer cash to

the poor on condition that the poor will commit to empower themselves and help bring

future generations of poor families out of poverty. There are several key characteristics

of CCT programs. First, CCT programs are targeted to poor or extremely poor

households and have a positive gender bias, since the cash benefits are usually

addressed to the female head of the recipient households. Second, some programs

such as Progresa include a nutrition component that provides cash transfers and

nutrition supplements to children, and to pregnant and lactating women. Third, cash

transfers vary with the number of children, and the size of these benefits changes with

the childrens age and gender. Fourth, to encourage greater school attendance for girls,

higher transfers are paid for girls than for boys. Fifth, transfer amounts are greater for

children at the secondary For instance, Brazils Bolsa Escola transferred monthly

payments to poor households with children aged 68, on condition that they met at least

85% of school attendance. The transfers were paid directly to mothers. school age

group than those at the primary school age group because adolescent children are

expected to have higher opportunity costs of attending school, particularly for poor

families. The main requirement of CCT programs is that recipients commit to


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undertaking certain behavioral changes in return for the transfers, such as enrolling

children in school and maintaining adequate attendance levels, getting prenatal and

postnatal health care treatments, and encouraging young children to undergo growth

monitoring, immunization, and periodic checkups. A presumption embedded in the CCT

approach is that the supply of social services for education and health is in place and

that stimulating demand through income transfers is necessary to induce major changes

in human capital investment. This explains why the success of CCT programs in some

countries is no guarantee that they can be reproduced in others with the same

performance. For instance, in many developing countries, children, particularly in rural

areas, face supply-related problems, i.e., there are not enough schools, classrooms, orteachers to offer adequate education to those who need or want them. In such

circumstances, pouring resources into a CCT program may not be able to achieve the

educational objective. Thus, in low-income countries with limited social service

infrastructure, CCT programs should integrate demand-side with supply-side issues in

order to avoid policy inconsistency and resource wastage.


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IS CONDITIONALITY NECESSARY?

For countries considering a CCT program, an important question is whether it is

necessary to impose conditionality. One stream of arguments supporting conditionality

is that when the programs goal is to raise the utilization by poor children of available

education and health services, there is justification for imposing conditions on

household behavior, and the gains from the conditionality may be outweighed by the

administrative costs of monitoring such. There have been CCT programs with a supply-

side component. These have been implemented in low-income Latin American

countries particularly in Red de Proteccion Social in Nicaragua and Nicaragua andPrograma de Asistencia Familiar in Honduras, where besides the demand component

of the cash transfer, there were also investments in infrastructure. A part of the

programs budget was set aside for building schools and health centers as well as

improving school conditions. Corollary to this argument, conditionality can be a means

to achieve socially optimal levels of investments in human capital. When households

make decisions about childrens schooling, they tend to overlook the social benefits

derived from educating children, particularly girls. As such, there is underinvestment in

human capital by private households, which could be increased by conditionality. The

other stream opposes the idea of conditionality based on the costs and administrative

requirements, and prerequisites on adequate access to education and health services.

Another concern often raised comes from the view that CCT can be perceived as

demeaning because the government imposes conditions on the poor people

irrespective of their preferences. The foregoing arguments provide much scope for

future research. Moreover, continued experimentation with program design is called for

to find out a more cost-effective approach to implementing the CCT.


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IMPACTS OF CCT PROGRAMS: WHAT DO EVALUATIONS SAY?

Rigorous evaluations (often built into the programs themselves) show that many,

but not all, CCT programs have a positive effect on education and health outcomes

( Schady and Araujo 2006). Favorable education outcomes were drawn mostly from the

experience of Progresa as evaluated by the International Food and Policy Research

Institute. The evaluation of Progresa showed that there was a significant increase in the

enrolment of boys and girls, particularly the latter. The program also increased

enrollment in secondary schools by 6 and 9 percentage points for boys and girls,

respectively. For girls, who often dropped out before secondary school, the transitionrate to secondary school rose by 5 percentage points. Besides Progresa, CCT

programs in other countries (e.g., Colombia and Turkey) have been successful in

improving enrollment rates, particularly at the secondary level. However, such programs

had relatively little impact on school attendance rate, on school achievement, or in

attracting dropouts to schools. These elements should be integrated into the design of

the programs or through complementary programs. For countries where pre-program

enrollment rates are extremely low, the impact of CCT programs on enrollment rates is

expected to be greater. This is true in Colombia, Mexico, and Turkey where CCT

programs hardly increased enrollment rates at the primary level because these

countries already had high primary enrollment rates before the program. On the other

hand, CCT programs in Bangladesh and Nicaragua significantly raised primary school

enrollment by 9 and percentage points, respectively. In these cases, the programs were

particularly effective because both countries had a large proportion of children who were

not enrolled in primary school. Conditional cash transfer programs have also had

significant impacts on health and nutrition for both adults and children. Children

receiving Progresa have a 2% lower incidence of illness, and adults reported a 9%

decrease in sick or disability days. In Honduras, utilization of health services among


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young children increased by 52 percentage points. A number of CCT programs show a

positive correlation with improved nutritional status among children, i.e., increased

height. In Honduras, however, no positive nutritional impacts were observed. This

occurred because of problems associated with program implementation. Experience

suggests that sufficient and correct information between the program and the

beneficiaries is critical to ensure the full impact of the program. Conditional cash

transfer programs have a strong gender focus. Besides substantial increases in school

enrollment rates among girls, CCT programs in Mexico and Nicaragua have also found

positive impacts on attitudes toward educating girls in general. Studies in eastern

Turkey suggested that sociocultural biases against schooling for girls played a biggerrole than cash incentives. This indicates the need for complementary programs to

overcome sociocultural barriers. Furthermore, CCT programs have contributed to

increasing womens status within the household because the program is directed to the

female head of the recipient households. As such, women play a major role in

intrahousehold resource allocation and in making important decisions within the

household. The impact of CCTs on poverty varies by programs, with Progresa yielding

the most significant results. Bourguignon and others find very little impact on poverty

and inequality for Bolsa Escola due to the small amount of transfers (Bourguignon,

Ferreira, and Leite 2002). In the long run, the translation of higher educational

attainment into higher earnings cannot be taken for granted because of the countries

absorption capacity of skilled labor, and the general rates of return to education. This

could be a major concern in developing countries, where returns to education

(particularly for primary education) in the rural sector are low, and where the bulk of the

problem of school attendance exists.


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CONCLUSIONS

For countries considering interventions through CCT programs, a few

recommendations emerge from the brief. First, conditionality plays an imperative role in

CCT programs. Cash transfer, by itself, will not suffice to increase school attendance

significantly, which means that conditionality would have to be introduced, and possibly

also, the quality of schooling improved when administering any cash transfer programs

aimed at a sustained reduction in poverty. Second, it is also imperative to ensure

ongoing monitoring of operations and rigorous evaluation of effectiveness of CCT

programs. Third, good governance is an important component of a CCT program. As isthe case for all effective social safety nets, a CCT program should be transparent in

operation to encourage learning, minimize corruption, and ensure that beneficiaries and

the wider population understand how the program functions. Fourth, political support at

high levels for the program is one of the main issues to be considered in implementing a

CCT program. Such political supports are critical as a CCT program requires

coordination across different sectors in the government, particularly education, health,

and social welfare. In addition, policymakers face many challenges and tradeoffs in

designing effective socialprograms such as a CCT. On one hand, the emphasis on

targeting and conditionality helps maximize the programs impact and effectiveness.

However, targeting and monitoring can increase the cost per beneficiary, which reduces

the programs efficiency. On the other hand, designing a program with a weak or

nonexistent targeting strategy not only reduces the cost per beneficiary but also leads to

leakages to the nonpoor, driving down its impact and effectiveness. Finally, to ensure

success, complementing CCT programs with other components of social policy may

prove meritorious. Complementary programs that can manage the supply side of

services and accommodate the heterogeneity of targeted household behavior will

enhance the effectiveness of CCT programs.


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COMENTS / REACTIONS for CCT

We know that poverty is the large problem of our country. Of course the Aquinos

administration creates a program to fight poverty. Conditional cash transfer (CCT)

programs aim to reduce poverty by making welfare programs conditional upon the

receivers' actions. Its a nice program and it helps a lot. I think that we can also

encourage parents especially those mother with more than 3 number of children to

undergo the family planning to prevent them to get pregnant which giving tight budget

for their family which sometime expenses is more than they earned. They have their

duty to send their children to school. And I believed that Philippines have a huge

unused land which we can utilize. Poverty has been always been the issue in our

country.

Government can make use of idle land in nearby provinces and relocate poor

family by giving them small lot and teach this poor family by planting their backyard like

vegetable or raising chicken or hog, which can be sufficient enough for their daily

means of living and feed their family instead of going to crowed metropolis area.

At the same time the government must also build basic facility for resident like

school, church, park, electricity, water etc in the park. But first I think the Aquinos

administration must focus on source of power we need to create more power at less

cost but utilizing hydro, solar, wind and geothermal power.

All of us hope that conditional cash transfer programs can address both short

and long term poverty; several countries have introduced or expanded such programs in

recent years. Conditional cash transfers are necessary but not sufficient forimproving health. Good government -funded health care is essential, as are schemes

which address social determinants of health. The use of conditional cash transfers is to

increase investment in human capital has generated considerable excitement in both


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research and policy forums. Conditional Cash Transfers as an immediate response of

the Philippine Government to the beleaguering effects of poverty, it also presented

another reality that cannot be obscured away from discussing such societal problem,

and that is the susceptibility of this stimulus program to be exploited as an instrument

for corruption. This program of government is very helpful to the peoples of the society

especially to the poor families in order to survive in everyday life. It can also increase

literacy in our society. But it is difficult to understand the fact that some politician holds

the funds to supply those families who need this assistance. Did they know that the

aim of this program is the reduction of poverty and not to increase graft and corruption

in our society? Even though conditional cash transfer cannot totally end poverty but itcan greatly reduce the effect of poverty in our country. A conditional cash transfer

program is justifiable as a quick and effective way of easing hunger among the poor and

the marginalized that have fallen through the cracks of a ruthless market economy. It

can be a first step towards reinserting them into the productive circuits of a volatile

economy, but it cannot be the solution to poverty.

This conditional cash transfer helps a lot for every family it helps a lot for every

family in our country, because it helps them to sustain their daily needs and satisfiestheir hunger. This program is so important especially for those poor families because

they can buy foods for them to eat three times a day. We know that this program has its

disadvantage too because each family will be dependent to the government, and these

family will not go find a job because they know that somebody will give them money. But

this program give chances to the poor families to have a good life and this family

should not be dependent to the financial support that the government has given to them

they must do their part, they should work hard for them to have a happy and complete

family.

According to the 1987 Philippine constitution article 2 section4 in the first

paragraph the prime duty of the government is to protect and serve the people. Poverty


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has been always been the issue in our country. Many consider it as the root cause of

the other problems the people are facing with. As the Section 9 implies that The State

shall promote a just and dynamic social order that will ensure the prosperity and

independence of the nation and free the people from poverty through policies that

provide adequate social services, promote full employment, a rising standard of living,

and an improved quality of life for all. As the duty of the Aquinos administration they

formed a short-term strategy which called CCT (conditional Cash Transfer) program in

fighting the poverty in the country as well as investing more in education and health

care is their long term solution. That CCT program of the administration was great

strategy or first step to help the people experiencing poverty. This program providesassistance to poor households and invests in the future of their children to help their

families rise from poverty by having them go to school regularly and providing them with

proper health care and nutrition. The program is not totally the solution in the poverty in

the country but it is reducing the cycle poverty. The beneficiaries are encouraged as

well as to their corresponding responsibilities in the development activities in their

communities. The parent beneficiaries have the duty to send their children in schools

and have the opportunity to pursue their dreams and someday break the chain of

poverty. The program has big possibilities to improve ones life. The people can be

motivated to change their behaviors related to health and education. People motivation

for their enhancements and continuous implementation for the betterment lives of the

poor. To sum up the administration have been continuous succeeding on their goals to

promote human capital development among poor families, especially children to

breakdown the cycle of poverty. The objectives must been consistently in the minds of

the people who is responsible in this program which are to improve the health condition

of the children age 0-14 years old, To improve the maternal health of pregnant and

lactating mothers, to raise consumption of nutrient dense foods among poor

households, to increase enrollment / attendance of children in elementary and high


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school. I hope that this cash program for the poor will be directly given to them and not

the people who are taking advantage in the situation like this.


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THE HELICOPTER SCAM

The two PNP Light Police Operational Helicopters (LPOH) were bought for thePNP Special Action Force as part of the Capability Enhancement Program 2008. But

the units were found to have had 500 hours worth of flying hours even before they were

sold in 2009. The Senate will look into alleged misrepresentations in the P105-million

purchase of light operational helicopters by the Philippine National Police in 2009 for its

elite Special Action Force (SAF) unit.

Senator Panfilo Lacson and Senate Blue Ribbon Committee Chairman Teofisto

Guingona III filed Senate Resolution 518 to take a closer look at the acquisition of the

Light Police Operational Helicopters (LPOHs) from Manila Aerospace Products Trading

Corp. (MAPTRA).

By intentionally misrepresenting the helicopters they were selling as brand new

and likewise, by intentionally accepting the same as such, both MAPTRA and the PNP

may have entered into an anomalous contract which not only gave unwarranted benefits

or advantage to a party but also one which is manifestly and grossly disadvantageous to

the government in violation of Section 3 (E) and (G) of Republic Act 3019, otherwise

known as the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act, they said in their resolution.

On May 8, 2009, the PNP negotiation committee started talks with MAPTRA for

one equipped LPOH and two standard LPOHs for P105 million --already inconsistent

with the PNP-SAFs requirement of three equipped LPOHs.

Following the failure of the negotiation, then SAF head Chief Supt. Leocadio

Santiago Jr. modified the requirements from three equipped LPOHs to one equipped

and two standard LPOHs.


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On July 9, 2009, the PNP negotiation committee recommended the award of the

contract to MAPTRA, which it described as a legally, technically and financially

capable supplier that had been engaged in the business for so many years. Then

PNP chief Director General Jesus Verzosa approved the supply contract to pay

MAPTRA P104.985 million.

PERSONS INVOLVED IN HELICOPTER SCAM:

First Gentleman Jose Miguel Mike Arroyo

*Owner of the two, five year-old helicopter sold as brand new to the Philippine

National Police.

Jesus Verzosa

*Former PNP chief who approved the P104.9 million purchase,

Ronaldo Puno

*DILG Secretary,presidential adviser on political affairs in a concurrent capacity.

Conrado Sumanga, Jr.

*Former National Police Commission Staff Service, chief of installation and

logistic service

Hilario de Vera

*President of Manila Aerospace Products Trading Inc. (MAPTRA), LionAir Inc.

Police Chief Superintendent George Piano

*Head of the acceptance inspections committee

Senior Superintendent Luis Saligumba

*Director of the Police National Training Institute

Jefferson Soriano

*Retired PNP deputy chief PNP for operations

Romeo Hilomen


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*Former director for comptrollership

Luizo Ticman

*Former director for logistics

Ronald Roderos

*Former director for Research Division

Renato Sia

*Asian Spirit Inc. director

President Archibald Po

Police Director Leocadio Santiago Jr.

Police Chief Superintendent Herold UbaldePolice Senior Superintendent Lurimen Detran

Senior Superintendent Nolan Antonio

Police Senior Superintendent Edgar Pataan

Police Senior Superintendent Crisostomo Garcia

Police Senior Superintendent Mansue Lukban

Police Superintendent Ermilando Villafuerte

Police Superintendent Henry Duque

Retired Police Superintendent Claudo Gaspar

Retired Police Superintendent Larry Balmaceda

Police Chief Inspector Maria Josefina Recometa

These persons are subjected to a plunder case for violating

RA.#9184, RA.# 3019 and Articles 171,172 and 208 of the Revised Penal

Code.

Republic Act No. 9184

An act providingfor the modernization, standarization and regulation of the


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procurement activiti-es of the government and for other puroposes.

REPUBLIC ACT No. 3019

Anti-graft and corrupt practices act.

Revised Penal Code of the Philippines Art. 171

Falsification by public officer, employee or notary or ecclesiastic minister.


Falsification by private individual and use of falsified documents.


Prosecution of offenses; negligence and tolerance.


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PNP INVESTIGATION

The police filed a plunder complaint against Jose Miguel "Mike" Arroyo, husband

of former President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, for allegedly conspiring to sell to police

two helicopters he owned but passed off as new.

In a complaint filed before the Office of the Ombudsman (Ombudsman), Police

Supt. Edgar Cabrera Danao accused Atty. Arroyo of plunder with predicate crimes for

violation of Republic Act No. 9184, otherwise known as the Government Procurement

Reform Act; R.A. 3019, or the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act; and Articles 171,

172 and 208 of the Revised Penal Code (RPC) for allegedly having amassed wealth in

the amount of at least P50 million.

Danao filed the complaint in his capacity as nominal complainant as he is the

current chief of the Anti-Fraud and Commercial Crimes Division of the PNP-Criminal

Investigation and Detection Group (CIDG).

Also charged were former Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG)

Secretary Ronaldo Puno, former PNP chief retired Director General Jesus Verzosa,

Archibald Po, Hilario de Vera and several others. Records showed that Po and his

employee De Vera, now acting as president of the Manila Aerospace Products Trading

Corp. (MAPTRA), originally hatched the plan to pass off the old helicopters as brand

new to the PNP.

In his complaint, Danao said "they (the accused) all knew that this conspiracy will

never succeed without the indispensable cooperation of the Napolcom (National Police

Commission) and the PNP through its key procurementofficers."


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Samuel Pagdilao, head of the police Criminal Investigation and Detection Group

(CIDG) that filed the complaint, documents and testimony from a Senate investigation

showed that the president's husband owned the helicopters when they were sold to

police.

In 2009, the Philippine National Police (PNP) purchased what they thought were

three brand new Robinsons R44 Raven 1 helicopters for P105 million, but two were

later discovered to have already been used.

Along with the former presidential spouse, the police also filed charges against

former Interior and Local Government Secretary Ronaldo Puno, former national police

chief Jesus Verzosa.

Versoza approved the deal while he was PNP chief while Puno was head of the

National Police Commission that changed specifications for the helicopter purchase.

Charges were also filed against other retired and active duty officers and civilians

while former president Arroyo, now a member of the House of Representatives, was still

in office two years ago.

Also charged were Chief Superintendent Luis Saligumba, Senior Superintendent

Job Nolan Antonio, Senior Superintendent Edgar Pataan, Senior Superintendent

Crisostomo Garcia, Senior Superintendent Mansue Lukban, Superintendent Ermilando

Villafuerte, Superintendent Henry Duque, retired superintendent Claudo Gaspar, former

superintendent Larry Balmaceda, and Chief Inspector Maria Josefina Recometa.

Recometa testified that she did not get to see the actual helicopters but only

looked at pictures of them. She said she failed to join the inspection team because she

had to take care of a personal matter. She signed the inspection report, however.


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Former Special Action Force director Leocadio Santiago Jr., whose unit

received the helicopters, has also been charged, as well as Director George Piano,

Chief Superintendent Herold Ubalde, and Senior Superintendent Lurimen Detran.

All were charged with plunder with predicate crimes of graft and "not limited to

falsification, perjury, dereliction of duty, (and) malversation, all committed under the

circumstances of conspiracy."

Pagdilao said that CIDG's investigation found that the transaction was laden with

irregularities. He said the specifications issued by the PNP were tailor-fit to

accommodate the helicopters owned by Mr. Arroyo.

The CIDG chief said the purchase was also too expensive even for a brand new

Raven 1 helicopter, which only costs P15 million. The deal for three helicopters cost the

PNP around P105 million or P35 million each.

"The procuring entity, in what appears to be blind submission to powers that be,

ignored and disregarded the existence of flight log and engine logbook, which indicated

that each of the two Raven 1 have registered an average of 500 hours of flight a

clear manifestation that these helicopters are used or reconditioned and not brand new

as what they were made to appear," Pagdilao said.

Some members of the police inspection team that checked the helicopters

admitted at the Senate Blue Ribbon investigation that they either did not see the units

personally or did not have the expertise to evaluate them.

This did not keep them from signing the inspection report "blindly",

Pagdilao noted.


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"Simply stated, different units were delivered instead of what appeared in the

agreement. This alone is enough for criminal indictment for an unmistakable breach of

the (Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act) against the respondents for causing undue

injury to the government," Pagdilao said.

The Office of the Ombudsman, who prosecutes alleged wrongdoing by state officials

and their associates, will determine if there is enough evidence for an indictment.

Arroyo's husband said the police had no documents to support allegations he

owned the helicopters.

In a statement, he said the police "never asked to get my side" and instead relied

on allegations made by an airline company official against whom he has filed perjury

charges.

Archibald Po, a director of Asian Spirit airline, testified in the Senate last month

that his company bought the helicopters for the former president's husband and that

they were used during Arroyo's 2004 presidential campaign.

"This is clearly a pattern of harassment and persecutory tactics to vilify the

Arroyos even without evidence," Arroyo said.

In a separate comment, a spokesman for the former president said the

government of her successor, Benigno Aquino III, is "engaged in witchhunting against

the Arroyos."

"This is part of the ongoing and massive vilification campaign against theArroyos" to cover for Aquino's alleged lack of achievements to improve the lives of

Filipinos, said spokesman Raul Lambino.


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Aquino has denied claims by the Arroyos that they are being targeted in his anti-

corruption campaign even though he has said corruption plagued the nine-year Arroyo

administration.

The complaint accuses Arroyo's husband and the others of "acting in concert and

taking undue advantage of their official position, authority, relationship, connection or

influence to unjustly enrich themselves."

Under a Philippine law, currently serving or former state employees and their

associates who amass at least P50 million in ill-gotten wealth through criminal acts may

be charged with plunder.

It is the first plunder case filed against Arroyo's husband. The former president is

herself facing three similar charges.

Benjamin de los Santos, a lawyer for Verzosa, welcomed the filing of the charges

and expressed confidence that the former national police chief's actions were in

accordance with the procurement law.

Arroyo had been tagged by two businessmen - Po of LionAir Inc. and

MAPTRA's De Vera - as being the owner of the used helicopters, which were among

the five helicopters supposedly acquired for him by Po.

However, Negros Occidental Rep. Ignacio "Iggy" Arroyo revealed that it was he,

as president of the family-owned LTA Inc., who leased the choppers from LionAir for

use by his sister-in-law, former President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, in the 2004

presidential elections. (PNA)


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SENATOR FRANKLIN DRILON INVESTIGATION

TWO Senate committees are bent on ferreting out the truth in the latest scandals

to rock the previous administration.

Sen. Franklin Drilon, who led the investigation into the helicopter anomaly,

yesterday deplored the apparent hasty filing by the Philippine National Police before

the Office of the Ombudsman of plunder charges against former First Gentleman Jose

Miguel Arroyo, his brother Rep.Ignacio Arroyo and others involved in the scandal.He

said the Senate Blue Ribbon Committee will file separate charges against the Arroyos

and several others allegedly involved in the helicopter scandal during the previous

administration.

Similarly, Sen. Sergio Osmea III, chairman of the Committee on Banks,

Financial Institutions and Currencies, said his panel, jointly with the Blue Ribbon

Committee, will pursue the investigation of the alleged behest loan granted former

Trade Minister Roberto Ongpin.

Mike Arroyo allegedly sold as brand new two of his helicopters to the PNP in

2009 for $350,000 each or amounting to about P105 million. He denied ownership of

the controversial choppers. Later, his younger brother Iggy claimed ownership of the

helicopters.

He said that the premature filing of charges against the Arroyo brothers might

prevent the Senate from ferreting out the truth, as police officials who would be invited

to the Senate probe may invoke the right against self-incrimination due to pending

cases.


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This is like a legal gag order which is being deliberately done because the

Senate cannot compel the PNP officials to speak if they appear before the Senate

again. This is a shotgun approach, said Drilon.

That would not prevent us from filing separate cases against those involved, he

added. He said the BRC is still in the process of identifying if plunder charges or

violation of the Anti-Graft Law will be pressed against Mike Arroyo, who, Drilon said,

appeared to be the real owner of two Robinson R-44 Raven 1 helicopters irregularly

sold to the PNP as brand new.


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BLUE RIBBON COMMITTEE INVESTIGATION

Sen. Teofisto Guingona III, chair of the blue ribbon committee, said then PNP

Director General Jesus Verzosa should be included in the criminal charges, noting that

he signed the PNP contract with Manila Aerospace Products Trading Corp. (Maptra),

an entity that was not legally capacitated to do so at that time. Maptra was an

accredited supplier of the PNP.

Clearly, he had the responsibility and he would have to be accountable,

Guingona later told reporters.

Sen. Sergio Osmea III said former Interior Secretary Ronaldo Puno should also

face charges for command responsibility.

Puno then headed the National Police Commission (Napolcom), which released

a resolution identifying specifications for the choppers.

He had the type of command responsibility because he was the chair of the

Napolcom and also [the head of] the DILG (Department of the Interior and LocalGovernment), he said.

Pagdilao said the CIDG would file a case against Po and the owners of Maptra,

which represented Lionair in the chopper deal. He declined to name the other officials to

be included in the case.

I would like to assure this honorable committee that there is no foot-dragging in

this investigation, Pagdilao said. Weve been judiciously conducting our avowed dutyto get to the bottom of this investigation for the purpose of eventually filing a criminal

case.


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Faced with the looming criminal charges, senior police officials on Thursday

pinned the blame on low-ranking officers tapped to inspect the choppers that were

delivered to the PNP in 2009.

Director George Piano, who headed the inspection committee for purchase,

pointed to the pilots belonging to the inspection team for allegedly failing to disclose that

two of the three purchased helicopters were secondhand.

Piano later told senators that the head of the Special Action Force (SAF) Air Unit,

which was to receive the helicopters, should have done so as well. The SAF was then

headed by Director Leocadio Santiago.

At this point, Guingona lost his cool and berated Piano. There is too much

finger-pointing! he said.

Director Luizo Ticman, head of the committee that negotiated the purchase,

agreed with Piano that members of the inspection team were at fault. Lacson later

pointed out that low-ranking officials were being left to hold the bag.

Its very, very apparent from the way everybody is answering, from the way

everybody is finger-pointing, that you are a disjointed, segmented, uncoordinated

agency, Guingona told PNP officials. Very, very disappointing.

Several witnesses, including Po, claimed that the two secondhand helicopters

sold to the PNP were part of the five choppers bought by Arroyo in 2004 for his wifes

campaign in the presidential election.

Arroyo denied owning the helicopters. His younger brother, Negros Occidental

Rep. Ignacio Iggy Arroyo, recently claimed that LTA Inc., a company owned by the

Arroyos, merely rented the aircraft for two months in 2004.


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by the Arroyos? How many more anomalies have to be uncovered before we see any of

the Arroyo family member pay the price of their insatiable greed and abuse of power?

How many more witnesses have to come forward and seek protection from the

government for their patriotic service of telling the truth before the wheel of justice starts

rolling?

The definition of plunder is the indiscriminate taking of goods by force as part of a

military or political victory, or during a catastrophe, such as during war natural

disaster, or rioting. The term is also used in a broader sense, to describe egregious

instances of theft and embezzlement, such as the "plundering" of private or public

assets by corrupt or greedy authorities. Lately we heard that the former first gentleman

Arroyo was dragged into the alleged anomalies hounding Pnps purchase of helicopters.

Arroyos family said that the helicopter owned by them is secondhand purchase by their

company. Arroyo proven that shes the owner of the helicopter and sold to the Pnp as a

brand new. Arroyo may be liable in plunder case. Former FG Mike Arroyo's statement

on plunder case filed against him over PNP choppers mess .. he said The PNP

never asked to get my side. They never included me in their investigation. How can they

file a case based only on allegations of a resource person with questionable

background hiding under the witness protection program to escape conviction, and

without a single document on hand supporting their claim that I own the chopper? This

is clearly a pattern of harrasment and persecutory tactics to villify the Arroyos even

without evidence. He is clearly candidating plunder.

The helicopter deal by AFP that implicates the Arroyo administration is somewhat be a

plunder, because the helicopters of Arroyo is not brand-new but it is a secondhandalready and this helicopters are used during the 2007 national election for campaign

purposes. AFP was cheated, FG Mikey Arroyo did not consider the allegations the deal

made. For Mikey Arroyo the important is the money he will gain, AFP should


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complain FG Mikey Arroyo should pay for what h have done.one thing we should be

concern about is the issue regarding leaving of Mikey Arroyo.He should face this

controvercy to clear things out. Many people will criticize FG Mikey Arroy. I was

sodisappointed by the AFP because they did not took the appropriate actions,

they knew that the helicopter was secondhand but they just stare. Even FG Mikey

Arroyo and GMA was powerful, AFP should remind their limitations.

The Department of Justice (DOJ) will investigate the alleged anomalies at the Philippine

Charity Sweepstakes Office (PCSO) and the purchase of Philippine National Police

(PNP) helicopters during the Arroyo administration that were exposed in separate

Senate inquries. To know whether it is plunder or not lets knows first the meaning of

plunder. The definition of the CRIME of PLUNDER is acquired by him directly or

indirectly through dummies, nominees, agents, subordinates and/or business

associates by any combination. By receiving, directly or indirectly, any commission, gift,

share, percentage, kickbacks or any other form of pecuniary benefit from any person

and/or entity in connection with any government contract or project or by reason of the

office or position of the public officer concerned; PCSO had released P325 million of itspublic relation fund to the intelligence fund of Arroyos administration and 150 million of

this is released eve of the 2010 election. Then the former first gentleman Arroyo was

dragged into the alleged anomalies hounding Pnps purchase of helicopters. And then

the helicopters were owned by arroyos clan which is said that it is a secondhand

purchase by them. If arroyos was proven that she the owner of the helicopters and it

was sold forcibly to the Pnp as brand new helicopter costs P105 million. The Arroyos

administration should be liable in plunder. According to the plunder is by the illegal or

fraudulent conveyance or disposition of assets belonging to the National Government or

any of its subdivisions, agencies or instrumentalities or government-owned or -

controlled corporations and their subsidiaries. The Arroyos administration was so


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powerful at the time. The proceeds exceed P50 million thresholds in a series of acts.

According to our existing law they are candidate for plunder. Sec. 2. Definition of the

Crime of Plunder; Penalties. Any public officer who, by himself or in connivance with

members of his family, relatives by affinity or consanguinity, business associates,

subordinates or other persons, amasses, accumulates or acquires ill-gotten wealth

through a combination or series of overt criminal acts as described in Section 1 (d)

hereof in the aggregate amount or total value of at least Fifty million pesos

(P50,000,000.00) shall be guilty of the crime of plunder and shall be punished by

reclusion perpetua to death. Any person who participated with the said public officer in

the commission of an offense contributing to the crime of plunder shall likewise bepunished for such offense. In the imposition of penalties, the degree of participation and

the attendance of mitigating and extenuating circumstances, as provided by the Revised

Penal Code, shall be considered by the court. The court shall declare any and all ill-

gotten wealth and their interests and other incomes and assets including the properties

and shares of stocks derived from the deposit or investment thereof forfeited in favor of

the State. Another anomaly of Arroyos should not be tolerated and must be

investigated by the law bodies. If the government will not be in action they will

continuously do and do another way to corrupt our country.


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References:

http://www.adb.org/Documents/EDRC/Policy_Briefs/PB051.pdf

http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/07/30/10/conditional-cash-transfer-helps-pinoys-

beat-poverty-trap

http://otra-cosa.com/httpdocs/?tag=helicopter-scam

http://www.philstar.com/nation/article.aspx?publicationsubcategoryid=200&articleid=707

780

http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/tag/senate-blue-ribbon-committee

http://www.malaya.com.ph/july14/news7.html

http://www.manilatimes.net/index.php/opinion/columnist/3152-national-police-duped-by-

chopper-supplier


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The helicopter deal by AFP that implicates the arroyo administration

plunder or not?

Constitutional issue?

Conditional cash transfer (CCT)

Group Members: Castillo, Fritz Gerald

Andino, Kim Vergel

Brual, Ammiel Kit

Adame, Lord Aviel A.

Submitted to: Mr. Antonio Aldea

(Professor)


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Conditional Cash Transfer Txt (1)

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