CONCRETE HOME LUNCHEON

& FORUM

Wednesday, Jan 22nd, 2014 – 11:30 – 1:30 p.m.

THANK YOU TO OUR

GENEROUS SPONSORS!

Building to a Higher Standard: Resilience in Residential Construction

Donn C. Thompson, AIA, LEED AP BD+C

Portland Cement Association

2014 Concrete Homes Luncheon & Forum

January 22, 2014

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• The cost of natural disasters continues to increase because codes are not providing adequate property protection

• Stronger building codes could help reduce burden of disaster recovery by making communities more resilient

• Major events like Katrina and Sandy demonstrate the impact these storms have on local residents, their environment, and their economy

• Concrete systems offer resilient solutions to enable communities to build stronger, and maintain more stable, more sustainable communities

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Introduction

Increasing Cost of Natural Disasters

Combined Losses US: Thunderstorm, Hail, and Tornado*

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

'50-'59 '60-'69 '70-'79 '80-'89 '90-'99 '00-'09

*Property Casualty Service in 2010 $ 1,000 m

Combined Losses US: Tropical Storm and Hurricane*

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

'50-'59 '60-'69 '70-'79 '80-'89 '90-'99 '00-'09

*Property Casualty Service

0

100

200

300

400

500

Tornado Losses vs. Number of EF3-EF5*

'50-'59 '60-'69 '70-'79 '80-'89 '90-'99 '00-'09

*National Weather Service

0

4

8

12

16

20

'50-'59 '60-'69 '70-'79 '80-'89 '90-'99 '00-'09

Hurricane Losses vs. U.S. Strikes*

*National Weather Service

What’s going on?

Frequency of storms is not increasing

Cost of damage from storms is increasing

The causes…

Weakening of building codes

Property protection takes back seat to life safety priorities

We have spread out more

More construction in harms way

Relaxation of Building Standards

Federal requirements to ensure the quality of construction backed by Federal loans

All about property protection

Stringent passive fire protection

Stringent sound transmission loss criteria

Model Codes (‘70s - ‘80s)

• Introduced in the late 1970’s

• Originally based on the Federal property protection standards

• Consensus process has moved codes:

• From property protection to life safety

• From prescriptive material specific provisions to performance based requirements.

Consolidation of Model Codes (‘97-‘00s)

• The merger resulted in the least common denominator for passive fire protection.

• Most aggressive trade-offs for sprinklers were also included from any one code.

=

Spread of Development

14

1995 EF 5

2004 EF 4

2013 EF 5

OKC - 2013

Spread of Development

15

1995 EF 5

2004 EF 4

1995 EF 5

2013 EF 5

OKC - 1954

Bottom line…

• The increase in amount of damage from disaster events:

• Construction is less robust because codes are less restrictive

• There is more construction out there

• Spread across a wider and wider area

• Increased vulnerability and overall likelihood of damage

Mitigation Response – Balanced Planning and Development

• Disasters

– They happen when:

• Human development encroaches upon natural systems

• If we weren’t here…

– All these major events would be…

• Natural Occurrences

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Nature vs. Human Development

• Tempering the Conflict between two ecologies – Natural vs. Artificial

• Extent of disruption

– Depends on choices made by Society

• How much we choose to be fortified for these events

• How much we choose to build for resilience and sustainability

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Nature vs. Human Development

• We need to rethink our priorities… – Relation to the natural environment

– Our building practices

• If its built stronger, it is more sustainable

• Promote a healthy, balanced, fully functioning ecosystem – People: Provide quality of life benefits

– Planet: Buffer the environmental

impacts of natural hazards

– Profit: Community continuity • Jobs

• Places to live

• Places to shop

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Nature vs. Human Development

• Katrina by the numbers – Social Impacts – New Orleans

• 80% of city flooded

• 70% of occupied housing

– 134,000 units damaged by the storm

• Population dropped by over 50% - July 2006

• 6-years later

– Only 76% of pre-storm population

– People Displaced • 1 million

• 273,000 in relief shelters

• 114,000 FEMA trailers

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Hurricane Katrina People Costs

Source: Greater New Orleans Community Data Center 2013

• Sandy by the numbers – Social Impacts – 6,477 storm survivors in shelters at peak of the disaster

– 43% of FEMA assistance registrations from renters • 64% from NYC low income

• 67% from NJ low income

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Super Storm Sandy People Costs

Source: Hurricane Sandy Rebuilding Task Force Report, August 2013

• Sandy by the numbers – Social Impacts – 650,000 homes damaged or destroyed

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Super Storm Sandy People Costs

Source: Hurricane Sandy Rebuilding Task Force Report, August 2013

• Katrina by the numbers – Environmental Impacts – Debris Volumes

• Harrison County Mississippi 9 square mile area – 4.5 million cubic yards vegetative

– 7.2 million cubic yards non-vegetative

– 11.7 million cubic yards total

• Volume of Louisiana Superdome

– 4.6 million cubic yards

– Filled over 2.5 times

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Hurricane Katrina Planet Costs

Source: Science and Storms: the USGS Response to the Hurricanes of 2005

• Sandy by the numbers – Environmental Impacts

– 100 million gallons of raw sewage released

• Hewlett Bay 2 days following Sandy

– Wastewater treatment plants closed up and down Atlantic Coast

• Fear of contamination of drinking water aquifers, pipes, wells

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Super Storm Sandy Planet Costs

Source: Hurricane Sandy Rebuilding Task Force Report, August 2013

• Sandy by the numbers – Economic Impacts – $65 billion in damages and economic loss

• $58 million in damages to the recreational fishing sector

• 200,000 small business closures due to damage or power outages

• 2 million working days lost

• Physical facility damage

• Inventory damage

• Supply chain disruption

• Tourism

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Super Storm Sandy Profit Costs

Source: Hurricane Sandy Rebuilding Task Force Report, August 2013

• Katrina by the numbers – Economic impacts – Insurance Payouts - Private:

• $41.1 billion on 1.7 million claims

– Vehicles

– Homes

– Businesses

– Insurance Payouts – NFIP: • $16.1 billion

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Hurricane Katrina Profit Costs

Source: CNN Library

Examples of Resilient Exterior Wall Systems

4 Wall Types for Resilient Structures

Removable

Form

Cast in place

w/ Simulated

Siding Finish

ICF w/ Conc.

Brick Veneer

Pre-cast w/

Applied

Thin Brick

Reinforced

Masonry

w/ Stucco

Resilient Attributes Of Concrete

Strength and Stiffness

Wind Driven Debris Resistance

Inorganic Composition

Water Resistance

Decay Resistant

Insect Resistant

Non-combustible

Versatile and Customized Design Options

North Topsail Beach, NC

• Reinforced concrete for extreme wind resistance

• Also ability to stop penetration of wind blown debris

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Concrete Safe Rooms

Entire precast concrete

gymnasium is a storm shelter

Coastal Application with ICF

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• Union Beach, NJ

• 19th Century technology trying to meet 21st Century challenges

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• Tale of Two Homes

Union Beach, NJ

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• Tale of Two Homes

Union Beach, NJ

– Strong building codes would provide sustainable benefits

• Both for buildings and the communities in which they exist

– Adequate property protection should be an important part of building code development

– As the Tale of Two Homes demonstrates: • Concrete systems offer effective resilient solutions

• Stronger concrete buildings helps to maintain sustainable community continuity through:

– Social safety and protection

– Reduced environmental impacts

– Greater economic stability

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In Conclusion

Building to a Higher Standard: Resilience in Residential Construction

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Donn C. Thompson, AIA, LEED AP BD+C Portland Cement Association dthompson@cement.org 847.972.9166

Resilient ICF Construction

Buddy Hughes Territory Manager Logix Insulating Concrete Forms

2014 Concrete Homes Luncheon & Forum January 22, 2014

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Resilient Homes Panel Discussion

2014 Concrete Homes Luncheon & Forum

January 22, 2014

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– Gary Brown, VP Marketing/International, • Amvic Building System

– Bill Clymer, Regional Sales Manager, • Nudura Insulated Concrete Forms

– Mike Garrett, CEO • BuildBlock Building Systems

– Buddy Hughes, Territory Manager, • Logix Insulating Concrete Forms

– Brian Medford, Regional Sales Manager, • Fox Blocks Insulated Concrete Forms

– Clark Ricks, Editorial Director, • ICF Builder Magazine

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Resilience Panel Discussion

Building to a Higher Standard: Resilience in Residential Construction

Portland Cement Association

Booth C4213

2014 Concrete Homes Luncheon & Forum

January 22, 2014

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