Conclusion

Throughoutthepagesithasbeenpossibletoverifythepast,presentandfutureofthoseareasthatweconsiderfundamentalforqualitativewebengineeringinthethirdmillennium.Eachoftheworkspre-sentedformsacompassroseforallthosewhohavegotlostwiththesirensongfromthedepthsoftheweb.Thecorrectanddemocratizinginitialprocessofthe20thcenturyInternethasbeenalmosttotallydistorted,withtheriseofthesocialnetworks,inthe21stcentury.Forexample,atrivialandfunidea,apriori,suchasgeneratingavirtualcommunityamongyoungstudents,throughthedisseminationoftheirphotographs,somepersonaldata,sentimentalissues,etc.,todayhasbecomeanentireinternationalcorporation,whichisincludedinthetriadofworld-widebillionaires.Thatis,togetherwithoneofthemainsoftwarecompanies(apioneerinoperatingsystemsforpersonalcomputers),andthelargestrep-resentativeofelectroniccommerceandpotentialmanageroftheInternetofThings(IoT).Simplyput,wearereferringtoFacebook,Microsoft,andAmazon.

Socialmediaapplicationsareusingandupdatingalltheevolutionarycomponentsandattributesofcomputing,suchas:interfacedesign,algorithmsforcompressionanddecompressionofmultimediafiles.Andfreeaccesstodatabasesthroughthedifferentoperatingsystemsforthelatestgenerationmobiletelephony,theviewingwithhighdefinitionofrealandvirtualimagesin2D/3D,amongmanyotherresources,whichcontinuetodrawtheattentionofmillionsofusersandsoftwaredevelopers,allovertheplanet.TheonlyproblemisthedistortedquantificationofthecommunicationqualitythatthelargepioneeringmultinationalsintheICT(InformationandCommunicationTechnology)sectortrytoemulate.

Many universities and their corresponding R&D (Research and Development) laboratories havebecomemeremercantilistagents,leavingasidetheepistemologicalprinciplesofscienceandthesocialanddevelopmentvalueofeducation,fromthetheoreticalandpracticalpointofview.Inthissense,itisenoughtoconsiderthecultofvisualnarcissismandthestatisticsderivedfrompublicationsinonlinedatabases,subsidizeddirectlyandindirectlybythetaxpayers,throughtaxesintheEUandUK,tonameageographicalarea.Someexamplesare:thecultofHirsch’sindex(H-index),Egghe’sindex(G-index),I10-index(H-10),etc.,inGoogleScholarandtheWebofScience,thecounterinthedatabasesuniversityinstitutionsbasedinGermany,USA,etc.:DigitalBibliographyandLibraryProject(DBLP),theorderedlist(descendingorder)ofthesupposedmainexpertsorscientistsofanation(www.guide2research.com),amongmanyotherescamotages(retractions),somederivedfrommanipulationofinformationontheweb.Thecommondenominatorcanbesummedupintheprevailingslaveryincertainresearchteamsintheformalsciences,theincorrectalgorithmsthatdonotdifferentiatebetweencountersandaccumu-lators,thestatisticsriggedinadvance,thepressofficesrelatedtothesameindividualsorexperts,thepersuadersdynamics,influencersofsocialnetworks,thelossofpowerofthetraditionalmedia(basically,press,radio,andTV)withinfullyalignedrealand/orvirtualcommunities,amongothercomponents.

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Thepurposeistoshowandraiseawareness,inthefaceofthepotentialsocialdamageofcriminalsordigitalcriminals.

ThemainobjectiveistogeneratefalserealitiesontheInternetsuchasfakenewsthatnegativelyaf-fecttherealfabricofproduction,education,health,etc.,oflocalandglobalcommunities,withtheneedtoresorttofactchecking,forexample.Theyareveryeasytodetectthroughsimpleheuristicevaluationtechniquesandmethods.Theirresultsputusinfrontofgroupsofindividuals(Garduñians)orpersuasiveagentswhosemissionistocreatemiragesofreality;generateimmutablesystemsandstructuresontheweb,overtime;slowdownthesolutionofthetechnologicalgapamongthemembersofthecommunity,andenhancea“glocal”(global+local)socialgap(manyoftheseinvestigations,experiments,etc.,areaimedatsolvingquestionsthousandsofkilometersaway,whichareindisputablyalientothedwellersofthecommunity,whofundsuchresearch).Anexampleareinternationalevents(workshops,congresses,symposiums,webinars,etc.)amongfriendsfromR&Dprojects,relatedtowebengineering,informationretrieval,advancedvisualinterfaces,etc.Thisisbrieflythecontextobservedandverified,sincethebe-ginningofthedemocratizingprocessoftheInternet.Consequently,qualityonthewebremainsthegreatunfinishedbusinessinthe21stcentury,especiallyinthequantic-nanotechnological-self-sufficientera.

Oneofthetraditionalwaysofaddressingtheissueofsoftwarequalitycomponentsinaninteractivesystemisthroughtheuseofthenotionoftheiceberg,withtheclassicdivisionintointernalfactors(modeofaccesstoonlinedata,organizationofcontent,etc.)andexternalfactors(useoffonts,colors,illustra-tions,etc.intheinterfaces;easeinobtaininghighcommunicationbetweendifferenttypesofendusers,etc.).Tothesefactorsmustbeaddedthetemporalcontext,thespatialcontext,andthehumanorsocialfactor.Thelatteristhecaseofgroupformation.Thehumanorsocialfactor,dependingonbehavior,generatesanewfactor,whichcanencompasstheentirestructureorarchitectureofthesystem.Itisthe“G”factor(G=Garduña),whichreducesthequalityofoperationofallcomputerizedsystemsandtheirconnections(internet,intranet,extranetandethernet).

Theicebergoftheweb,currentlyandgraphically,isusuallydividedintothreelargeareasorsectors:WorldWideWeborsurface,deepanddark.Onthesurfaceisthepartthatisvisibleandaccessibletoallenduserssinceitdoesnotrequireanypassword,suchaswebsites,Wikipedia,searchengines(Ask,Bing,Google,Naver,etc.),e-commerce(Amazon,Alibaba,eBay,etc.),thevarioussocialnetworkingapplications (LinkedIn, Facebook, Flickr, Instagram, Pinterest, etc., which at the beginning did notrequiretheuseofpasswords),amongothers.Intheareacalleddeep,itsexistenceisverifiedbutitisnotfreelyaccessibleasitisnecessarytoenterapassword(ascurrentlyrequiredbysomesocialmediaapplications).Someexamplesrelatedtocitizensareinformationacademy,medicalrecords,criminalrecords,financialreports,businessintranets,etc.

Thedarkareaismadeupofportalsthatusepublicnetworksbutthatrequirespecialsoftwareorbrowsertoaccessthemandarenotfoundinthemainonlinesearchengines,inordertoguaranteeanonymity.Inthisarea,themainusersarefinancial,political,religiousamongotherindividuals,whoinisolationoringroups,legalandillegal,managetheglocalpoweroffinance,religion,politics,education,health,etc.However,inourdays,inthaticebergitisnecessarytorepresenttheGfactorinside.Itactsasakindofelevatorthatgoesupanddown,throughthethreemainareasoftheiceberg:surface,deepanddark.

Thiselevatorrepresentsasetofcentralforcesthatmovefreelyandimmune,influencingeachofthesystematicandstructuralaspectsoftheweb.Inotherwords,theseforcesoccupythecentralpartofthewebandexpandwithoutlimits,throughoutthenetwork,changingthesphericalshapeoftheInternet,whichtraditionallysimulatedtheglobe,toanellipsoidtorus.Sincetheendofthe20thcentury,theseforceshavedrilledorpiercedthesphere,fromthetwopoles,generatingaverticalinternalspace,with

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anellipticalhyperboloidgeometricshape.Thisnewwayofrepresentingtherealwebhasitsepicenteratthepolesoftheformersphere,whichideallyrepresentedtheglobalvillageofthecommunicationdefinedbyMcLuhan,theworldwidewebbyTimBerners-Lee,etc.

Thischangeinshapeisaconsequenceofthespreadofhigh-resolutionscreens(basically,thelatestgenerationmobiletelephony),theriseofsocialnetworksandtheconcentrationofinformationindata-bases(mainly,searchengines).Threeelementsthatarealmostessentialfordailylife,insideandoutsidethecity.Schematically,thedarkareagraduallyabsorbsthedeeparea,andviceversa.Thisabnormalphenomenonisdirectlyrelatedtoaneternaldilemmaforhumanityinthefaceofnewinformationandcommunicationtechnologies,whichinLatinisusuallysummarizedwiththerhetoricalquestion:“Quis cutodiet ipsos custodes?”(Whowillwatchthewatchmen?”)FromtheRomanpoetJuvenalinhisSatires(SatireVI,lines347–348).Theanswerisnobody.

Suchastatementcanbeseeninthecollectionofexamplesintheannexes,whichinatragicomicwayissummarizedinthefollowingcomicfigure.Itisanimagethatsynthesizesthefreegrowthofthenegativeoranomaloushumanfactorinthenewtechnologies;thelossoftheepistemologyofthesciencesrelatedtocomputerandsystemsengineering,softwareandallitsderivations;theinfiniteexpansionofthelimitsofhuman-computerinteraction,webengineering,informationretrieval,etc.,fromtheagentsoftheformalsciences,suchasmathematicsandphysics,tonameacoupleofexamples.

Now,noteverything incomputing ishuman-computer interaction,webengineering, informationretrieval,etc.Inthesameway,notallhumanknowledgeisdigitizedorfoundontheInternet.Currentlyandinthiscontext,endusersareinastateoftotalhelplessness.Theyareonlyallowedtohavethethree

Figure 1. Classic representation of quality in software and all its derivations, including web engineering

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Conclusion

positionsofMafalda(www.quino.com.ar)infigure5.ThesepositionsrepresentadirectandimmutablereferencetotheancientcultureoftheFarEast,buttodayapplicabletotherestoftheplanet.

However,thepresentresearchworkdoesnotintendtochangetheworldorimplementanewin-ternational“generaldataprotectionregulation”,inthefaceofanunalterablerealitythatlastsformil-lennia.Thepedagogicalintentionistodrawattentiontothelossofqualityinthemultimediacontentsofinteractivecommunications,forexample,sincelittlebylittle,theoriginsoftheInternethavebeendistorted.Afactthatcancauseirreversibledamageinfuturegenerations,suchas:theinabilitytoworkindependently,thedevelopmentoffreewill,thepromotionofcreativecapacity,themotivationtowardsscientificknowledge,theabilitytoperformmentalcalculations,theinterestinseriousreading,amongmanyotherskillsandexperiences,innateoracquiredbythehumanbeing.Exceptionally,thepositiveaspectsofgraphicartscreativityhavebeenmaintainedfrominteractivemultimediatomixedreality,bothindesignandincontent,movingawayfromcommercialclichéssuchas:“humanemotions”,“userfriendly”,”user experience”,”cognitive neuroscience”, “accessibility”, “gamification”, “collaborativelearning”,etc.

Now,isolatingitselffromthesehumanfactorsandfocusingonthetechnicalaspectofwebengineer-ing,thefuturecanberepresentedasahorizontallinewithapositiveangularcoefficientthatrepresentsgrowthinconstantevolution,withrevolutionarypeaks,comingfromthehardware.TheacronymIoE(InternetofEverything)togetherwithartificialintelligenceandquantumcomputingwillmarkanewmilestoneontheInternet.Itisthevoluntaryorprogrammedconnectionof“everything”,throughthesmartphone,suchasNFC(NearFiledCommunication).However,newlinesofresearchaimtoovercome

Figure 2. The web, the global village, etc. in the collective imagination of humanity. Sphere with nodes and links that interrelate all human beings, artificial intelligence and the various technological com-ponents connected to the network.

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Conclusion

audiovisualandtactilecontacttocommunicatethroughthebrain,asarenumerousstudiescarriedoutwithinneurologyandthebrain-computerinterface(BCI).

Somestudiesthatundoubtedlymoveawayfromthesciencefictionofvisualizingin3D,thedreamsofthesubconsciousofpeople,artificialintelligence,supercomputers,etc.suchasHAL9000(Heuristi-callyProgrammedAlgorithmicComputer)fromthenovel(andfilm)“2001:ASpaceOdyssey”(ArthurC.Clarke).Sciencefictionandcomicscontinuetobeaninspiringsourceforcreativityinaudiovisualarts,3Danimation,innovativedesign,etc.Therefore,therolesofWebArchitect,WebDesigner,WebMaster,Webcommunity,etc.,willremainvalidandinpersistentprogression.Themainobjectiveofallofthemistogetawayfromthestandardizationorautomationinthecreationofportalsorwebsites,throughthecorporationsthatcontrolthestorageofinformation,throughsearchengines.Ifthelatterweretohappen,itwouldentailthelossofwealthderivedfromtheidentityandidiosyncrasyofeachoftheonlineportals.

Inthedevelopmentofapplicationsfortheweb,qualityattributes(coherence,efficiency,flexibility,robustness,readability,portability,etc.)comingfromsoftwareengineering,continuetobeessentialtoimproveapplicationsrelatedtointerfaces,databases,dynamicinformationmedia,etc.Therefore,pro-gramminglanguagessuchasJava,JavaScript,Python,C,C++,PHP,Swift,VisualBasic.Net,SQL,amongothers,willcontinuetobeessentialintheevolutionofwebengineering.

However,inthisprocessofcontinuityweshouldfocusonthetechnicalaspectsofprogramming,leavingaside:theelaborationofmodels,metamodels,approaches,ontologies,taxonomies,methodologi-calguidelines,paradigms,protocols,platforms,semanticsorothertypesofworks,whichusuallyonlyremainintherealizationofastateoftheart,bibliographyrevieworupdate(manywithoutconsideringthespace-time-technologicalcontextofthetime),orawork-in-progress,etc.Allofthemwillbeleftunfinishedintheend.Thatis,fromthepointofviewoftheepistemologyofthesciences,theyareasetofsketches,writtenaccordingtothestyleguidesofcomputing,HCI,UX,artificialintelligence,etc.,butthatonlyservetoincreasethecounterofthetotalpublicationsoftheirauthorsand/orco-authorsin

Figure 3. Deformation of the web in the face of negative human factors

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Conclusion

onlinedatabases(basicallyGerman,AmericanandDutch),sincetheydonotprovidereliableor100%verifiedresults,aswellasnewvisions,challengesorhorizonsinthelongterm,inthecentralaspectsofwebengineering,multimedia,augmentedreality,mixedreality,recommendersystems,etc.

Besides,manyindividualsatthetopofthoselists,aloneorautonomously,arenotabletoconfigureaserver,afirewall,programinAssembler,C,Delphi,Java,JavaScript,PHP,SQL,etc.,oruseapplica-tionsformultimediapublishing(CorelDraw,Dreamweaver),computergraphicsandanimation(Rhino,Maya,Lumion3DRendering,SolidWorks,etc.),audiovisualediting(AdobePremierePro,Lightworks,Avidemux,etc.)andalongetc.AlthoughtheybelongtothegroupofEuropeanlifelongcivilservants,suchasfullprofessors,associateprofessors,etc.,ofmasters,doctorates,post-doctorates,etc.Thisis

Figure 4. Gardunians’s elevator that goes up and down, through the web iceberg

Figure 5. An international comic character such as Mafalda, perfectly illustrates with his various po-sitions the state of the art of the user in front of the large Internet corporations and their main online applications, culturally linking with the three wise monkeys from the Far East

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Conclusion

thereasonwhyincountlessuniversitystudycenterstheypromoteinter/trans/multi/intra/extra/…disciplinarityamongtheirstudentsofthenewtechnologies.

Beforeconcluding,oureternalgratitudegoestoallthosewhoarenolongerwithusduetotheCo-vid-19pandemic:Prof.Dr.KimH.Veltman.Onceagain,thankyouverymuchforyourlifeteachings,allthehelpreceivedandthegoodtimeswehaveshared.

Withoutforgettingoreverforgivingsadismandalltheinjusticesthatyouhavesuffered,directlyandindirectly,formorethanaquarterofacentury,inthecompletionofadoctorate“walkingforalongdecade”,atvariousSpanishuniversitiesand“withoutarealguideinSpainoranyEuropeantutoring”.Interestingly,manyofthoseEuropeanPhDpseudo-tutors,whoonlyliketoappearintheacknowledgmentssectioninstudentresearchpapers,belongtothefieldofmathematicsandcomputerscience,forexample.

Inaquarterofacentury,itsmetamorphosisfromthefieldofformalsciences(mathematicsorphysics)towardshuman-computerinteraction,UX,design,etc.hasbeenseen,notonlyintheeducationalfield,butalsorelatedtomedicine.Thereasonfortheanomalyistheintrusionanddestructionofthesocialsciences,coupledwithintellectualcomfort.Thatis,toavoidthequestionsthatinvolveusingneuronstosolvebasicquestionsornot,relatedtothefieldofstudyitself.Someexamplesaretheanalysisofthecomplexityofalgorithms,quantumcomputing,thedevelopmentofalgorithmsforcomputersecurity,etc.,ortryingtofindthesolutiontothemainproblemsofthemillennium:Riemannhypothesis,Pver-susNPproblem,BirchandSwinnerton-Dyerconjecture,Hodgeconjecture,Navier-Stokesequation,Yang-Millstheory,andPoincaréconjecture–www.bbc.com.ThroughHCI,UX,WebEnginering,etc.,andthenetworkderivedfromtheGFactor,isaneasywaytoincreasepublicationsandseethecountersincreaserapidlyinHirsch’sindex(H-index),Egghe’sindex(G-index),I10-index(H-10),indexImpact,etc.,inGoogleScholar,WebofScience,Mendeley,etc.

Withthepassingoftime,keepingupdignity,freedomandresistancetotheGFactor,togetherexcep-cionalprofessionals(i.e.,prof.Dr.KimH.Veltman),thisgermhastransformedalldysfunctionsintoasinglefunction:toformateamofexcellenceofhumanbeingsinthenewtechnologies,distributedinthefourcardinalpointsoftheplanet.Allofthemmakeupthevital“kernel”ofouractivities,inamodestandhonestway,ashasbeenthecompilationandrealizationofthisbookofresearch.

Across the timeof preparing this compilationof researchworks wehave lost the company andguidanceofwiseprofessorssuchasEnricoBianco,MarioBunge,JenniferBrown,AndreaCarminati,TomásMaldonado,TeresaMarinovic,LucaPaganelli,AnaPérez,MarcelaRíos,FedericoRodríguez,MartaRomero,LuciaSerra,MarkThompson,KimVeltmanandLauraZamora.Someofthemhaveleftusprematurelyduetothecoronavirus.Wewanttothankalloftheminfinitelyfortheirkindnessintransmittingtheirwisdom.Inaddition,thesignofhealthyandtruefriendship,intheunforgettablemo-mentssharedfordecades.Ourgratitudefromthesoulandthemind,toallofthemfortheirteachingsandsamplesofkindnessreceived.

Weclosethesepages,withthefollowingsetoffamousquotes,hopingthattheycanguideandmo-tivateyouineverydaylife:“The two most important days in your life are the day you are born and the day you find out why”(MarkTwain);“Logic will get you from A to Z; Imagination will get you every-where”(AlbertEinstein);“If you obey all the rules you will miss the fun”(KatherineHepburn);“The best and most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen or even touched. They must be felt with the heart”(HelenKeller);“You cannot shake hands with a clenched fist”(IndiraGandhi);“To improve is to change; to be perfect is to change often”(WinstonChurchill);and“You may never know what results come of your actions, but if you do nothing, there will be no results”(MahatmaGandhi).

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