Concepts, nature and purpose of curriculum
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Transcript of Concepts, nature and purpose of curriculum
CONCEPTS, NATURE AND PURPOSE OF
CURRICULUM
What is Curriculum?
1957 RALPH TYLER
[THE CURRICULUM IS]
ALL THE LEARNING
EXPERIENCES PLANNED AND
DIRECTED BY
THE SCHOOL TO ATTAIN ITS
EDUCATIONAL GOALS
CURRICULUM FROM DIFFERENT POINT OF
VIEW
1. Traditional Points of View of Curriculum
Robert M. Hutchins Views ( Emphasize- gRammar, Reading,
Rhetoric and Logic and mathematics for basic Education.)
Arthur Bestor believes that curriculum should focus on the
fundamental intellectual disciplines of grammar, literature and
writing.
Joseph Schwab views that discipline is the sole source of
curriculum .
Most of the traditional ideas view curriculum as written
documents or a plan of action in accomplishing goals.
2. PROGRESSIVE POINT OF VIEW OF
CURRICULUM
JOHN DEWEY’s believed that reflective thinking is
a means that unifies curricular elements.
CASWELL and CAMPBELL viewed curriculum as “
all experienced children have under the guidance
teachers.”
MARSH and WILLIS view curriculum as all the
experiences in the classroom which are planned
and enacted by the teacher, and also learned by
the students.
POINTS OF VIEW ON CURRICULUM
DEVELOPMENT
HILDA TABA MODEL: THE GRASSROOTS
APPROACH
7 Major Steps
1. Diagnosis of Learners needs and expectations of
the larger society.
2. Formulation of learning objectives
3. Selection of learning content
4. Organization of learning content
5. Selection of learning experiences
6. Organization of learning activities
7. Determination of what to evaluate and the means
of doing it
TYPES OF CURRICULUM OPERATING IN
SCHOOLS
1. Recommended Curriculum2. Written Curriculum3. Taught Curriculum
4. Supported Curriculum5. Assessed Curriculum6. Learned Curriculum7. Hidden Curriculum
THE MOST COMMONLY ACCEPTED
FOUNDATIONS OF CURRICULUM
Philosophical
Historical
Psychological
Social
PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF
CURRICULUM
Perennialism
Essentialism
Progressivism
Reconstructionism
CURRICULUM THEORISTS
Franklin Bobbit
( 1876- 1956 )
Werret Charters
( 1875- 1952 )
William Kilpatrick
(1871- 1965 )
Harold Rugg (1886- 1960)
Hollis Caswell
( 1901- 1989)
Ralph Tyler
(1902- 1994)
PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF
EDUCATION
Behaviorist Psychology
Cognitive Psychology
Humanistic Psychology
ACTIVITY 1: CURRICULUM DEFINEDASK EACH ONE A QUESTION : WHAT IS A CURRICULUM TO YOU?
Persons
Interviewed
Answer to Question: What is Curriculum to
you?
Elementary grades
Teacher
School Principal
Student Teacher
Non- Education
College student
ACTIVITY 2: IDENTIFYING THE CURRICULA OPERATING IN
THE SCHOOLS ( FOR GRP. OF 5, VISIT A SCHOOL OF YOUR CHOICEOBSERVE AND INTERVIEW, THE APPROPRIATE PERSON, LIKE THECLASSROOM TEACHER, STUDENTS OR PRINCIPALS IDENTIFY THEEXISTENCE OF DIFF. CURRICULA. WRITE SPECIFIC SAMPLES.
Types of Curricula Operating in
School
Examples from observations
from interview
Recommended Curriculum
Written Curriculum
Taught Curriculum
Supported Curriculum
Assessed Curriculum
Learned Curriculum
Hidden Curriculum
ACTIVITY 3: CURRICULUM FROM TWO POINTS OF
VIEW: TRADITIONAL OR PROGRESSIVE
Points of view of curriculum Illustrative examples of
Practices
Traditional Curricular Practices
Progressive Curricular Practices
The purpose of the curriculum is to enable
each child or young person to be a
successful learner, a confident individual, a
responsible citizen and an effective
contributor.