Concept of Word (COW) - University of Virginia · Concept of Word (COW) A firm COW in text...
Transcript of Concept of Word (COW) - University of Virginia · Concept of Word (COW) A firm COW in text...
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
Concept of Word (COW)A firm COW in text requires the following:
1. an accurate and consistent speech-to-print match when finger-point reading a memorized text (Part A)
AND
2. the ability to remember words previously seen in context (Part B)
In order to monitor progress of both skills, the COW Quick Check is split into two parts:
Part APart A of the COW Quick Check measures a student’s ability to match speech to print. Scores on this task also reflect a student’s application of early literacy skills while interacting with text including alphabetic recognition, letter sound knowledge, beginning sound awareness, and phonemic awareness.
The format of Part A demonstrates the components of an effective concept of word lesson that should be used often with emergent readers: frequent echo and choral reading of nursery rhymes, modeling finger-pointing to words while reading aloud, self-correcting errors in pointing, and identifying individual words in text. Student progress toward COW in text can then be monitored in the classroom by using the format of the finger-point reading and Word ID tasks presented in Part A.
Part BOnce a student is able to match speech to print routinely in class and in at least three consecutive COW Quick Checks (Part A), it is recommended to check the firmness of his or her COW by administering Part B. Part B of the COW Quick Check assesses a student’s ability to recognize words from the nursery rhyme when presented in isolation on a word list.
By learning the rhyme orally, choral and echo reading the rhyme, and practicing finger-pointing to the words, students have encountered the words many times in context. Some students are then able to recognize the words from the rhyme in isolation by combining their automatic knowledge of letter sounds with their memory for the words in the context of the rhyme. Students who demonstrate the “pick up” of words on the post-test word list that were previously not rec-ognized on the pre-test have a firm COW.
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW Part B: Memory for Words Seen in Context
Materials• COW Word List, select 1–10 (for student)
• COW Text Sheet, select 1–10 (for student)
• COW Part B: Student Score Sheet (for teacher)
• COW Part B: Student Progress Chart (for teacher)
Administration Notes• The COW Quick Check is administered individually.
• The rhymes are numbered one through five and increase in difficulty.
• Part B should be administered to students who are able to match speech to print routinely in class and in at least three consecutive COW Part A Quick Checks.
• Part B includes a pre-test word list, working with the rhyme in text, and a post-test word list.
• If administering Part A before Part B, choose a different rhyme for Part B because the child has already interacted with the text.
InstructionsPRE-TEST WORD LIST 1. Show the student the Pre-test Word List. Say, “Here is a list of words. Put your finger on the first word on the list.
See if you can read each word. If you don’t know it, skip it and go to the next word.”
2. Score the Pre-test Word List on the COW Part B: Student Score Sheet.
3. Consider stopping administration if the student scores 7 or higher on the Pre-test List. Students who score 7 or high-er on the Pre-test Word List probably have a COW because they already can recognize some words.
MEMORIZING THE RHYME1. Students must know the rhyme “by heart” prior to assessment. Use the COW Picture Sheet to teach the rhyme orally
(without text). This can be done as a whole class, small group, or individual activity using the COW Picture Sheet only.
2. Say, “We’re going to learn a rhyme. Listen and watch as I say the rhyme that goes with the pictures.” Point to each picture as you say the rhyme and ask the student to (a) say the rhyme with you, (b) echo your recitation, picture by picture, and (c) say the rhyme alone. Repeat oral choral and echo recitation using the picture prompts as many times as necessary to get a verbatim recitation.
3. Show the student the COW Text Sheet and say, “Now we will read the words to the rhyme you just said. This page has the rhyme written down in printed words.”
4. Read the rhyme to the student while pointing to each word clearly as you read it.
5. Say, “Let’s read it together now. Eyes on the page. Read it with me as I point to each word.” Choral read the entire rhyme together while pointing to each word.
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW Part B: Memory for Words Seen in Context
6. Echo read the entire rhyme, line by line. Say, “Now we will take turns reading each line of the rhyme. First I’ll read a line and touch each word. Then you will read the same line and touch each word. Ready?”
7. Ask the student to touch the words while “reading” the rhyme independently. Say. “This time I want you to do what I did. Point to each word as you say the rhyme. Be sure to touch each word as you say it.”
POST-TEST WORD LIST1. Return to the list of words. Ask the student to identify any words on the list s/he knows. Say, “Now I’ll show you the
same list of words that you saw before we learned the rhyme. Put your finger on the first word on the list. See if you can read any of them now. If you don’t know a word after trying your best, skip it and go to the next word.”
2. Score the Post-test Word List on the COW Part B: Student Score Sheet.
Scoring1. Only the Pre- and Post-Test Word Lists are scored in Part B. Finger-pointing is not scored.
2. To score the Pre- and Post-test Word Lists, mark a check in the box beside the word if the student identified it correctly. Write down incorrect answers or leave the box blank.
3. Calculate the COW Word List score by adding the Pre-test and Post-test Word List scores together.
4. The maximum possible score for Part B is 20.
5. Write the date and record the student’s score on the COW Part B: Student Progress Chart.
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW Part B: Student Progress Chart
Student Date Range
Teacher Date Mastered
COW
Mem
ory
for W
ords
Sco
re*
Date
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Part B
Firm COW
*The COW Memory for Words score includes both the Pre-test and Post-test Word List scores.
Rhyme: ______________________________________________________________________ Date: ____________________
Rhyme: ______________________________________________________________________ Date: ____________________
Rhyme: ______________________________________________________________________ Date: ____________________
Rhyme: ______________________________________________________________________ Date: ____________________
Rhyme: ______________________________________________________________________ Date: ____________________
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW Part B: Student Score Sheet
Student
1: Twinkle, Twinkle Date: ______
Word List Pre-test Post-test
star
how
you
twinkle
up
high
little
sky
what
like
TOTAL /10 /10
______ + ______ = ___________ /20Pre-test Post-test Part B Total
5: Alligator Pie Date: ______
Word List Pre-test Post-test
pie
take
sky
alligator
please
how
away
grass
love
green
TOTAL /10 /10
______ + ______ = ___________ /20Pre-test Post-test Part B Total
2: Teddy Bear Date: ______
Word List Pre-test Post-test
bear
ground
teddy
light
say
turn
goodnight
touch
around
the
TOTAL /10 /10
______ + ______ = ___________ /20Pre-test Post-test Part B Total
Part B, 1–5
4: It’s Raining, It’s Pouring Date: ______
Word List Pre-test Post-test
and
morning
get
old
up
went
bed
he
man
raining
TOTAL /10 /10
______ + ______ = ___________ /20Pre-test Post-test Part B Total
3: On Top of Spaghetti Date: ______
Word List Pre-test Post-test
top
cheese
lost
somebody
on
poor
all
meatball
my
when
TOTAL /10 /10
______ + ______ = ___________ /20Pre-test Post-test Part B Total
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW Part B: Student Score Sheet
Student
10: Little Miss Muffet Date: ______
Word List Pre-test Post-test
sat
down
away
came
her
little
on
eating
and
spider
TOTAL /10 /10
______ + ______ = ___________ /20Pre-test Post-test Part B Total
9: Kookaburra Date: ______
Word List Pre-test Post-test
of
must
is
king
old
bush
sits
tree
gum
he
TOTAL /10 /10
______ + ______ = ___________ /20Pre-test Post-test Part B Total
6: Hush Little Baby Date: ______
Word List Pre-test Post-test
ring
baby
sing
bird
that
you
if
little
say
don’t
TOTAL /10 /10
______ + ______ = ___________ /20Pre-test Post-test Part B Total
Part B, 6–10
7: Little Boy Blue Date: ______
Word List Pre-test Post-test
horn
Blue
fast
corn
haystack
meadow
sheep
boy
little
where
TOTAL /10 /10
______ + ______ = ___________ /20Pre-test Post-test Part B Total
8: Way Down South Date: ______
Word List Pre-test Post-test
bananas
toe
South
way
elephant
grow
size
grasshopper
down
tears
TOTAL /10 /10
______ + ______ = ___________ /20Pre-test Post-test Part B Total
COW
: Pic
ture
She
et
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UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Text Sheet
1
Twinkle, twinkle, little star,
How I wonder what you are.
Up above the world so high,
Like a diamond in the sky.
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Word List
Part B, 1
star
how
you
twinkle
up
high
little
sky
what
like
COW
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ture
She
et
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of V
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All R
ight
s Res
erve
d.
2
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Text Sheet
Teddy bear, teddy bear, turn around.
Teddy bear, teddy bear, touch the ground.
Teddy bear, teddy bear, turn out the light.
Teddy bear, teddy bear, say goodnight!
2
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Word List
bear
ground
teddy
light
say
turn
goodnight
touch
around
the
Part B, 2
COW
: Pic
ture
She
et
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of t
he U
nive
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of V
irgin
ia.
All R
ight
s Res
erve
d.
3
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Text Sheet
On top of spaghetti
All covered with cheese,
I lost my poor meatball
When somebody sneezed!
3
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Word List
top
cheese
lost
somebody
on
poor
all
meatball
my
when
Part B, 3
COW
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ture
She
et
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of t
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of V
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ia.
All R
ight
s Res
erve
d.
4
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Text Sheet
It’s raining, it’s pouring,
The old man is snoring.
He bumped his head, and went to bed,
And couldn’t get up in the morning.
4
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Word List
and
morning
get
old
up
went
bed
he
man
raining
Part B, 4
COW
: Pic
ture
She
et
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of t
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nive
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of V
irgin
ia.
All R
ight
s Res
erve
d.
5
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Text Sheet
Alligator pie, alligator pie,
Oh, how I love my alligator pie!
Take away the green grass, take away the sky,
But please don’t take away my alligator pie!
5
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Word List
pie
take
sky
alligator
please
how
away
grass
love
green
Part B, 5
COW
: Pic
ture
She
et
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8/20
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f Visi
tors
of t
he U
nive
rsity
of V
irgin
ia.
All R
ight
s Res
erve
d.
6
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Text Sheet
Hush, little baby, don’t say a word.
Mama’s gonna buy you a mocking bird.
If that mocking bird don’t sing,
Mama’s gonna buy you a diamond ring.
6
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Word List
ring
baby
sing
bird
that
you
if
little
say
don’t
Part B, 6
COW
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ture
She
et
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8/20
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of t
he U
nive
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of V
irgin
ia.
All R
ight
s Res
erve
d.
7
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Text Sheet
Little Boy Blue, come blow your horn.
The sheep’s in the meadow, the cow’s in the corn.
Where is the boy who looks after the sheep?
He’s under the haystack, fast asleep.
7
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Word List
horn
Blue
fast
corn
haystack
meadow
sheep
boy
little
where
Part B, 7
COW
: Pic
ture
She
et
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ON
: 1/2
8/20
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© 20
09 b
y Th
e Rec
tor a
nd Th
e Boa
rd o
f Visi
tors
of t
he U
nive
rsity
of V
irgin
ia.
All R
ight
s Res
erve
d.
8
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Text Sheet
Way down South where bananas grow,
A grasshopper stepped on an elephant’s toe.
The elephant cried, with tears in his eyes,
“Pick on someone your own size!”
8
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Word List
bananas
toe
South
way
elephant
grow
size
grasshopper
down
tears
Part B, 8
COW
: Pic
ture
She
et
UPD
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ON
: 1/2
8/20
09
© 20
09 b
y Th
e Rec
tor a
nd Th
e Boa
rd o
f Visi
tors
of t
he U
nive
rsity
of V
irgin
ia.
All R
ight
s Res
erve
d.
9
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Text Sheet
Kookaburra sits in the old gum tree.
Merry, merry king of the bush is he.
Laugh, Kookaburra, laugh, Kookaburra,
Gay your life must be!
9
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Word List
of
must
is
king
old
bush
sits
tree
gum
he
Part B, 9
COW
: Pic
ture
She
et
UPD
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ON
: 1/2
8/20
09
© 20
09 b
y Th
e Rec
tor a
nd Th
e Boa
rd o
f Visi
tors
of t
he U
nive
rsity
of V
irgin
ia.
All R
ight
s Res
erve
d.
10
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Text Sheet
Little Miss Muffet sat on a tuffet
Eating her curds and whey.
Along came a spider who sat down beside her,
And frightened Miss Muffet away.
10
UPDATED ON: 1/28/2009 © 2009 by The Rector and The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.
COW: Word List
sat
down
away
came
her
little
on
eating
and
spider
Part B, 10