- 1. Operating Systems Chapter 2 B.M.H
2. Learning Objectives
MIU 3. Computer System
MIU 4. Software
- all programs related to coordinating computer operations
- Programming language translators
- A variety of utility programs
- allows user to perform useful work
- Word processing, spreadsheet software, etc
MIU 5. System SW
- When you think of a computer, what first comes into your head?
- like the monitor, keyboard, or mouse
- The applications that run on your computer
- like word processing, video game, internet browsing
MIU 6. Operating System
- Anoperating systemis the software needed to communicateapplication programsand computerhardwareto each other. (called OS)
MIU 7. OS MIU 8. OS
- between the applications software and the hardware
- that controls access to all other hardware and software resources
MIU 9. OS
- that lies between the applications software and the hardware
- Kernel: the most important program in OS
- Can be divided as remaining in memory
- Nonresident : other OS programs
MIU 10. Kernel
- The program that manages the OS
- Most of it remains in memory
- Loads into memory other OS programs (called nonresident) from disk storage only as needed
MIU 11. Kernel MIU A kernel connects the application software to the hardware of a computer. 12. Booting
- The process of loading the OS into memory
- When computer is turned on,
- A small program stored in a ROM chip performs some internal HW component tests,
- Then loads the kernel from the hard drive into the computer s memory
MIU 13. OS
- Managing the computer s resources,
- such as the CPU, memory, disk drives and printers
- Establishing auser interface
- Executing and providing services for applications software
MIU 14. User interface
- Determines how the user interacts with the OS
- : a way of presenting information to and obtaining information from a user
- Graphical user interface (GUI)
MIU 15. User interface
- Requires you to type in complete OS commands
- Ex) MS-DOS, Unix, Linux, many large-computer OSs
- Graphical user interface (GUI)
- Visual images and menus to allow users to enter commands
- Ex) Windows, Mac OS, some installations of Linux and Unix
MIU 16.
- OSs for Personal Computers
- OSs for Large Computer Systems
MIU Index 17. OS for personal computers
- When you buy something for your computer, you must know
- not only the OS the computer has,
- but also about itsplatform
MIU 18. OSs for Personal Computers
- The SW is grouped according to the platform, on which the SW can run.
- A combination of computer hardware and operating system software
- Most common families of platforms
- Windows family : (referred as Wintel)
- Microsoft Windows + Intel processor based PC
- Mac OS + Motorola processor
- Unix + all families of processors
MIU 19. MIU 20. MS-DOS
- Called DOS (Disk Operating System)
- Command-line user interface
- a signal that the system is prompting you to do something
- the only visible result of booting
- At this point, you must type command
MIU 21. Microsoft Windows
- Icons, menus (pull-down menus, pop-menus)
- Three branches serving different users
- Both the consumer and corporate
- For pocket computers and Internet appliance
MIU 22. MIU 23. MAC OS
- The first commercially successful GUI
- Based on concepts developed at Xerox s PARC research center in Palo Alto, California
- Enhancement in multimedia support and multitasking-the ability to do several things at once.
MIU 24. MIU 25. UNIX
- A multiuser time-sharing OS
- A character-based system with a command-line user interface
- The primary OS in use on Internet server, today
- Run on about every type of computer available from microcomputers to mainframes
MIU 26. LINUX
- Linus Torvalds, a student at the Univ. Of Helsinki in Finland
- Created the kernel of a Unix-like OS
- Made the source code available to the public free of charge
- Command-line interface, also provide a GUI
MIU 27. OSs for Networks
- NOS (Network Operating System)
- An extension of OSs for PCs
- Designed to let computers on a network share resources
- Similar to a standard OS but include special features for handling network functions
MIU 28. NOS
- Resource sharing on a network
- Such as hard disks and printers
- Does this user have the right to that data?
- Computer *** on the network failed to receive a message intended for it
- Track the online hours and track the number of messages to and from each computer
MIU 29. NOS
- In a client/server relationship
- Parts of the NOS : on Server computer
- file access, management programs
- Other NOS components : on Client computer
