Computers and Society IST 2710 Section 006 Class #12: 4/9/08 .

Computers and SocietyIST 2710

Section 006

Class #12: 4/9/08

http://www.is.wayne.edu/drbowen/casw08

4/9/08 Computers and Society, Class 12 2

Grade What-If

• Excel spreadsheet to estimate your course grade

• Download from course website• Save to local storage to preserve and

update• Can get grades from Online Grade

Reports• Danger in leaving grades blank if not done


Staying for Lab

• Two or more labs or assignments behind, must stay during Lab to get 100% attendance credit tonight - 8 labs in, and 7 assignments in. Who must stay:oEVERYONE! (Unless you have turned more

in tonight).


Social Issues - Essay

• Due today• From “Social Issues” handout on website• Topics for short homework essays and

semester essay, and on Quiz 2 and final• Review of semester Essay (handout in first

class)o 3 – 5 pagesoOne one of the social issues from web pageoMust use course materials and discussionoNot a research assignment


Makeup for Quiz 2

• Next week, April 16, 5 – 6 PM in Room 213


Upcoming Assignments

• This week, April 9o Essay, on disketteo Student Evaluation of Teaching (SET)

• Next week, April 16o Makeup for Quiz 2o Last regular class, lab in class

• Handout tonighto All work to be counted in regular grade must be in(*)o Review for Final

• Two weeks, April 23: Final Exam

Computers and Society, Class 12

Review of Quiz 2

• Average 72 curved up to 82, circled grade at top of paper is the curved one, the one that countsoMy curving: lower grades get more boost

• Q1A: text stored by codes for charactersoASCII, Unicode

• Q2B: images stored in pixels, RGB code for each pixeloEach row left to right, rows top to bottom

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Review of Quiz 2

• Q2A: Virus harms computer (files, programs), spreads itself

• Q2B: Keyboard logger records keystrokes, sends them to someone else (hacker)oKeystrokes captured before encryption

• Q2C: Computer virus hoax is a false rumor of a virus

• Q3: short essay on issue: (a) background, (b) at least two views, © your own view

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Review of Quiz 2

• One essay file not on floppy, gets a zerooCHECK YOUR DISKETTE!

• Excel, must be able to enter formulae on list

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Topics

• FOLED• Open Source Vs Proprietary• Computer Connections• Access• Internet Enhancements• Social Issue• SET• Lab 124/9/08 10


FOLED

• For Assignment 12• In earlier Computers and Technology in a

Changing Society• Now picture only

oBottom right of Figure 8-1 on Pg 268 showing a roll-up display.

• Stands for Flexible Organic Light-Emitting Diode.oMay be important for miniaturized computers

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Open Source Vs Proprietary

• Two competing models, primarily for software, of how it gets developedoProprietary: for profit, users cannot modify it,

file formats are trade secrets• Tested by manufacturer before release

oOpen source: developed by core group of users with input from all• Code and file formats publicly available with

modification rights (*)• Tested continuously by users

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Open Source Vs Proprietary• In theory:

oProprietary:• Developed by professionals• In theory, better coordinated, integrated, tested

oOpen Source:• Features users really want

• Actually: oOpen source often works better, tested more

thoroughly by wide user communityoProprietary does have better technical supportoOpen source free or very inexpensive

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Open Source Vs Proprietary

Operating System

Applications

Proprietary Windows OfficeOpen Source Linux Star Office

Google Docs

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Examples:


Computer Connections

• “Serial” – one wire (actually two for return)oBits one after the other in time (serially)oEarlier had one wire for each bit (parallel),

theoretically faster but more complex and electronic speeds now so fast that speed not an issue

• MBps – Mega Bytes per second• Mbps – Mega bits per second

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Standard Type Speed Other

USB 1.0 Serial 12 Mbps Not compatible with other USB. This version is rare; it was upgraded to 1.1 almost immediately.

USB 1.1 Serial 12 Mbps Compatible with all higher versions, but at its own speed (can seem slow connected to a large USB 2.0 storage device)

USB 2.0 (2000)

Serial 480 Mbps Compatible with USB 1.1 and any higher versions, but at its own speed.



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Standard Type Speed Other

Wireless connections, connect components to computer

InfraRed (IrDA)

Serial 4Mbps Short range wireless connection

Bluetooth Serial 723 Kbps Short range wireless via radio, speeds are being increased



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Standard Type Speed Other Cable networking (LAN, Internet) Modem Serial Up to 56 kbps Most current home computers come

with standard modems. DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)

Serial 1.544 Mbps Many varieties and speeds, the most common of which is listed here. Uses standard telephone lines grouped together. Requires a special modem. ISDN is an earlier, slower standard that is mostly irrelevant today.

Cable Modem

Serial Variable, shared with other users. Often faster into home (27 Mbps) than out (1 to 3 Mbps).

Requires a special modem.



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Standard Type Speed Other Cable networking (LAN, Internet) Ethernet Serial 10 Mbps

or 100 Mbps (can also use optical fiber).

Popular for networking, has replaced other schemes such as Token Ring. Requires a special adapter or NIC (Network Interface Card), included as standard in most current computers.

Home networks

Serial Variable Several standards allow networking within the home, over the A/C power lines at speeds up to 20 MBps



• Wireless Interneto 802.11(?) new typeso 802.11g 54 Mbpso 802.11n is latest, 200 Mbpso Later ones compatible with earlier

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Access

• Microsoft Access – databaseo Looks like Excel but not

• Faster• Handles much more data• More secure• Can do more things with data

oColumns called Fields• Same piece of info in each row of a field – e.g. first

name, last name, date of birthd

oRows called records – all info about one case4/9/08 21


Access

• Enter data – always in last recordo If you just close, what happens, or doesn’t

happen?• Sort• For demo, download file WebLog.accdb

from IST 2710 websiteo http://www.is.wayne.edu/gst2710

• Filter, join

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http://www.is.wayne.edu/gst2710


Two Internet Enhancements

• IPV6 – IP Version 6.oCurrently IPV4 – no IPV5o IPV4 has four bytes for Internet addresses –

32 bitso 232 = 4.3 Billion – seems like a lot, but…o 6 Billion people on earth, headed for 9, and

each one of us will need a lot of IPso IPV6 16 bytes - #IPs = 3 with 132 zeroes

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Two Internet Enhancements

• Internet 2 – different than Web 2.0oMuch faster

• Ultimately thousands of times faster than current broadband

o http://www.internet2.eduoAlso will have security enhancements

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http://www.internet2.edu/


Social Issues

• Privacyo Threats:

• Someone else reading our private information• Intercepting our communications• Gathering information from many different sources

(use of databases to coordinate it all – see Access Demo tonight)

oWays to counter all of these threats• Be careful with personal information• Strong passwords

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Social Issues

• PrivacyoWays to counter all of these threats

• Antivirus, firewall• Turn computer off when not in use

o The ultimate protection:• Encryption or scrambling• Public-key – private-key• Authentication• Stronger than signature

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Social Issues

• PrivacyoWill probably need legal protection or limits for

information about you that is held privately: examples• Phone records• Magazine subscription records• Credit card transactions

oStill, online more secure than offlineoProblem is speed and scale of selling info

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SET

• IST 2710• Call Number: 23186• Instructor: David Bowen

4/9/08 28

Lab 12

Computers and Society IST 2710 Section 006 Class #12: 4/9/08 .

Documents

Transcript of Computers and Society IST 2710 Section 006 Class #12: 4/9/08 .