Computer Networks
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Transcript of Computer Networks
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Computer Networks
Marwan Al-Namari
Week 4
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7 Layers
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OSI Layer Communication
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OSI 7-Layer Model logical view
Physical Path
ApplicationPresentation
SessionTransportNetwork
Data LinkPhysical
ApplicationPresentation
SessionTransportNetwork
Data LinkPhysical
Physical Medium
Logical Path
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The interaction between layers in the OSI model
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EncapsulationEach layer add its own header (and maybe trailer ) to the portion of the packet and pass it to the next layer without knowing which part is data and header( and maybe trailer ).it treat it as one integral unit. The concept is called encapsulation.In the way back each layer will take-off the header ( and maybe trailer ) from the incoming packet and pass it to the next layer . The concept is called decapsulation.
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Packet Components
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The Complete Packet
Cyclical Redundancy Check
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Packet Creation Process
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OSI vs. TCP/IP Model
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TCP/IP standardsThe Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is the body that defines standard internet operating protocolsThese standards are specified in documents called RFCs ( Requests for comments)
e.g. RFC 821 is about SMTP ( e-mail) protocols
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TCP/IPTCP/IP : Transmission Control Protocol /Internet Protocol.It is a suite of protocols providing communications in a heterogeneous environment.It is used for interoperability among many different types of computers.Almost all networks support TCP/IP.Support routing.Used as internetworking protocol.
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Other Protocols in the SuiteThese protocols were written specifically for TCP/IP:SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) : EmailFTP (File Transfer Protocol) : For exchanging files .SNMP(Simple Network Management Protocol) :Network Management.