2014-2015 3A - Miss Murphy 3B - Mrs. Worley 3C - Mrs. Reid 3D - Mrs. Danby.
Computer Infrastructure By: Mrs. Murphy This slide show creating in MS PowerPoint 97.
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Transcript of Computer Infrastructure By: Mrs. Murphy This slide show creating in MS PowerPoint 97.
Computer Computer InfrastructureInfrastructure
By: Mrs. Murphy
This slide show creating in MS PowerPoint 97
5 Components 5 Components Necessary for Necessary for
Computer OperationComputer Operation•Input Hardware
•Output Hardware
•Storage hardware
•Processing hardware
•Communications hardware
The MotherboardThe Motherboard
Abit KT-7A AMD Processor Motherboard
main circuit board on
which the microprocessor
and all other
components are mounted
HardwareHardware• any physical component of the computer• you can touch it
Expansion CardsExpansion Cards• like a small circuit
board
• contains what is necessary to perform a specialized task
• contain chips that add new features to a computer
• e.g. a graphics card, sound card
cardsgo here
Peripheral Peripheral DevicesDevices
• external devices connected to the computer cabinet but are not inside the main cabinet
Laser printer
Input HardwareInput Hardware• the physical parts
of the computer that accept data (information) and convert it into a form that can be used for computer processing
KeyboardKeyboard• used to enter words &
numbers into the computer.• also has keys called
function keys: used to enter specific software
commands as a shortcut.
• cursor (insertion point): symbol
on the screen that shows where data may be entered next.
An ergonomic keyboard
Pointing Pointing DevicesDevices
• devices that control the position of the cursor or pointer on the screen
trackball
trackballs
touchpad
mouse
joystick
MouseMouse
• rolled on a desktop to direct a pointer on the monitor
cordless mouse
optical mouse (no mouse ball)
first mouse ever!
JoystickJoystick• a vertical handle, like a
gearshift lever, mounted on a base with one or two buttons
• often used for playing computer games
TrackballTrackball• moveable ball on a stationary
device • rotated with the fingers or your
palm• sometimes found on laptop
computers
TouchpadTouchpad• flat rectangular device • uses a very weak electrical field to
sense the user’s touch• as the fingertip is moved, so does the
cursor
Lap top touchpad
Graphics Tablet Graphics Tablet (Pablo)(Pablo)
• draw on the tablet with the pressure sensitive pen
• can be used instead of a mouse
Light PenLight Pen• light sensitive pen-like device• user brings the pen to a specific spot
on the display screen• “click” by pressing the pen button • it identifies the screen
location to the computer• sometimes used by
engineers and graphic designers
Touch ScreenTouch Screen• a video display screen that has
been sensitised to receive input from the touch of a finger.
Bar Code ReaderBar Code Reader• a photoelectric scanner that
translates the bar code symbols into digital code
MicrophoneMicrophone• provides sonic input to the sound
card
ScannerScannertranslates images of text, drawings and photos into digital form
Output HardwareOutput Hardware• devices that provide the user with a
way of viewing and using information produced by the computer
MonitorMonitor• a device that displays softcopy output
resolution: clarity or sharpness of a monitorthe higher number of pixels, the clearer the image
Soft v.s. Hard Soft v.s. Hard CopyCopy
• hard copy: output that can be physically held in your hand
soft copy: output displayed on a monitor or by speakers (sound)
PrintersPrinters
Laser printer Colour bubble jet
Colour ink jet
allows your work to be re-created on a sheet of paper or acetate
Laser PrintersLaser Printers• works like a photocopier• images created on a drum• treated with magnetically charged
ink like toner (powder) • transferred from a
drum to paper
Laser printer
Ink-Jet PrinterInk-Jet Printer• forms images with little dots• sprays small, electrically charged
droplets of ink from four nozzles from holes in a matrix
Colour ink jet
Bubble-jet Bubble-jet printerprinter
• similar to an ink jet printer • uses miniature heating elements
to force special ink through print heads with 128 tiny nozzles
Colour bubble jet
SpeakersSpeakers• allow the digital sound to be heard
PlottersPlotters used to produce high quality
graphics used to create architectural drawings
and maps Drum plotter
Flatbed plotter
Digital CameraDigital Camera• a light sensitive processor chip
captures photographic images in digital form on the camera’s small disk
• both an input and output device
Storage HardwareStorage Hardware
• devices that let you store software and data
RAM
Bit v.s. byteBit v.s. byte1. Bit smallest unit of capacity2. Byte represents one character, digit,
or other value= 8 bits
3. Kilobyte =1024 bytes
4. Megabyte measurement computer’scapacity
describes main memory, floppydisks, and CD ROMs.
=approx. 1 millionbytes (1,048,576)
5. Gigabyte Unit of capacity for hard drivesand mainframes.
=approx. 1 billionbytes(1,073,741,824)
6. Terabyte unit of capacity for mainframesand supercomputers
=approx. 1 trillionbytes(1,009,511,627,776)
Primary StoragePrimary Storage
RAM ROM
• temporary working storage of the computer• contents ARE erased when the power is turned off• contained on memory chips on the motherboard• chips remember, temporarily, information supplied
by you or software
Random Access Memory Random Access Memory (RAM)(RAM)
• memory that temporarily holds data and instructions that will be needed shortly by the processor
• it is constantly being written on and erased
• the more you have, the faster the software will operate
RAM
Read-Only Memory Read-Only Memory (ROM)(ROM)
• you cannot write on it or erase it• the chips remember,
permanently, information supplied by the manufacturer
• one of the chips contains instructions that tell the processor what to do when you first turn on, or “boot” the computer (ROM bootstrap)
Cache memoryCache memory bridge between the CPU and RAM special high-speed memory that the
processor can access quickly allows the processor to run faster
because it doesn’t have to take time to swap instructions in and out of RAM
Secondary StorageSecondary Storage• used to store information in a
relatively permanent manner• data is NOT lost when the power is
turned off
Hard DriveHard Drive (disk)(disk) holds software and data thin, but rigid, metal or glass platters
covered with a substance that allows data to be held in the form of magnetised spots
tightly sealed within an enclosed unit to prevent any foreign matter from getting inside
Exterior of hard drive
Interior of hard drive
Read write heads on the arm
Discs on a drive spindle
Floppy DriveFloppy Drive• a device that
holds, spins, and reads data from and writes data to the diskette
Floppy disk: removable, round, flat piece of plastic that stores data and programs as electromagnetic charges on a metal oxide film that coats the plastic
CD ROMCD ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory)(Compact Disk Read Only Memory)
optical disk format that is used to hold software programs and data
holds up to 680 MB of data they can be internal or external use optical disk technology
ZIP/JAZ driveZIP/JAZ drive removable hard disk drives work like floppy drives hold GB worth of data on hard disks disks can be removed and replaced
by others
Zip Drive Jaz Drive Jaz Drive
Processing HardwareProcessing Hardware
• combination of:• the electronic circuitry that does the
processing• the memory that supports the
processing
RAM ROM
CPUCPU (Central Processing Unit) (Central Processing Unit)
The processing/computing part of the computercontrols and manipulates data to produce informationmicroprocessor: CPU in a microcomputer
Communications Communications HardwareHardware
• devices used to assist in the connections between computers and between groups of connected computers
external modem
Network Interface Card Network Interface Card (NIC)(NIC)
enables a computer to send and receive messages in a network
need one to be attached to a network
ModemModem• device that converts digital signals
to analog ones in order to send signals over telephone lines and into your computer (or vice versa)
external modeminternal modem
PowerPoint in the PowerPoint in the ClassroomClassroom
http://www.actden.com/pp/• This site is an excellent tutorial• very student (& adult) friendly-easy to follow
instructions• great graphics• walks you through each task step-by-step by
showing you the actual dialogue box/dropdown menu for every step
• a simple layout (not too much text on a screen)• a quick quiz on each tutorial section• I would use this in my classroom!
CitationsCitations• www.cheap-computers-guide.com/ cheap-computer-cases.html (computer case)
• www.pclincs.co.uk/acatalog/ (ergonomic keyboard)
• ece.clemson.edu/ (CPU Chip)
• www.demonatthus.net/focus/ f-a020610a.html (cordless mouse)
• www.ebiz-on.com/ (normal moitor)
• www.techsoft.com/ (flat monitor)
• www.dici.net/mission.htm (computer)
• dtech.co.za/multimedia.htm (normal keyboard)
• www.estrada-onstage.com/ e/e.asp?durki=28 (faded keyboard)
• company.monster.co.uk/bccuk/ (normal mouse)
• www.nsi.be/products.htm (multiple trackballs)
• www.acm.org/sigchi/chi97/proceedings/ short-talk/sm.htm (touchpad)
• www.thepc.info/mouse.html (trackball)
• reviews.macnn.com/reviews/ saitek/cyborg.shtml (joystick)
• www.afosr.af.mil/pages/ rhjun99.htm (first mouse)
• www.humanities.mcmaster.ca/ ~hccrs/INPUT.HTM (web cam)
Citations Con’tCitations Con’t• www.bysoft.se/sureshot/ bluesaver/ (black flat monitor)
• it.wce.wwu.edu/344/manual/glossary/ pix/laser%20printer.jpg (laser printer)
• scanweb.hypermart.net/images/ misc/scanner.jpg (scanner)
• www.keyence.com/news/ bl80new.gif (bar code reader)
• www.epinions.com/ Canon_S200_Color_Bubble_Jet_Printer__P… (colour bubble jet printer)
• www.racoindustries.com/ zebekit.htm (pen bar code reader)
• www.readerware.com/help/ rwBarCode.html (bar code)
• www.criticism.com/riswan.html (ink jet printer)
• www.equator.ac.uk/technology/ storytent/ (touch screen)
• www.mitek.co.uk/tfm12.html (touch screen with guy in it)
• http://www.dpreview.com/reviews/sonydscp71/(digital camera)
• www.cw2.co.uk/images/ px1_3067.gif (light pen with monitor)
• www.sincuser.f9.co.uk/ 030/hardwre2.jpg (light pen)
• www.hanho.com/image/ microphone-2.jpg (microphone with pen)
• www.mpsuperstore.com/Electronics/ discr21038.htm (microphone)
Citations Con’tCitations Con’t• www.mypcmadness.com/images/ gateway_solo/touchpad.jpg (laptop touchpad
• mpc.fab.free.fr/atari/ photo8b/trackball.jpg (Atari trackball)
• www.serc.iisc.ernet.in/ ~pcf/drum.gif (drum plotter)
• www.sericol.com/imaging/website/ Equipment/Equipment.htm (flatbed plotter)
• www.piranhatech.com/images/products/ black%20speakers.jpg (black speakers)
• www.pcsuppliesuk.co.uk/cgi-bin/ CatPics/speakers.jpg (speakers)
• www.cdromshop.com/cdshop/ img/p.080236102600.jpg (headphones)
• www.hayesmicro.com/ graphics/modem.jpg (external modem)
• www.servicioalpc.com/ images/modem.jpg(internal modem)
• www.vrttechweb.com/.../ Hard%20Drive%20Failure.htm (hard drive inside)
• www.emperorlinux.com/ acc_memory.html (RAM)
• www.hddrecovery.com.au/ (hard drive close up)
• www.gadgetguru.com/ ReplayTV%20Hard%20Drive.jpg (hard drive in motherboard)
• www.bophoto.com/WinCE/ Articles/Floppy.html (discs)
• www.pclincs.co.uk/acatalog/ floppy%20drive.jpg (floppy drive)
• www.ultrared.com/cdmanu.htm (CD)
Citations Con’tCitations Con’t• www.insectria.org/ b128/rom.jpg (ROM)
• www.help-net.com/.../ picture_tour_of_a_computer.htm (outside of hard drive)
• http://computer.howstuffworks.com/motherboard2.htm (motherboard)
• www.tomshardware.com/howto/01q1/ 010212/socket5-06.html (cache memory)
• itdc.lbcc.cc.ca.us/saltweb/ hardware/jaz.html (Jaz Drive)
• www.amr-solutions.com/ what-we-do_hardware.htm (Jaz Drive with disk)
• www.macdevcenter.com/.../mac/2002/ 09/13/pc_peripherals.html (Zip Drive)
• www.humanities.mcmaster.ca/ ~hccrs/HARDWARE.HTM (expansion cards & definition)
• www.cheap-computers-guide.com/ images/cpu-installation.jpg (CPU Installation)
• www.xanthosmicrosystems.com/ ~joachim/pvax-cpu.jpg (CPU up close)
• www.linksys.com/tech_helper/ tempimages/nic.jpg (NIC up Close)
• www.accton.com/.../product/nic/ images/nic_en1048-t_all.gif (NIC)
• www.orblanhouse.com/ orb/maquinas.asp (Optical mouse)
• www.macdirectory.com/Reviews/ Input/Index2.html (Pablo - graphics tablet)
• www.eswack.com/cart/ en-us/dept_61.html (CD ROM Drive)
• members.aol.com/lucifer127/ thanks.htm (thanks pic)
• www.zooish.com/Cartoons.htm (hand waving)
Thank you for viewing my slideshow