Computer Fundamentals/ Organizing Your Work/ 1 of 16.

Computer Fundamentals/ Organizing Your Work/ 1 of 16


Session Objectives

• Explaining Input and Output Devices

• Describing Memory

- Discussing types of memory

• Describing Storage devices

- Discussing types of storage devices

- Functionality of storage devices

• Discuss File Management


MonitorDisplay/Screen CD Drive

Printer

JoystickMouseKeyboardConsole Unit

Floppy Drive

Speaker

A Computer


Input Devices

Devices that are used to give instructions to the computer are known as Input Devices.

Some common input devices are :

Keyboard

• Primary input device

Mouse• Pointing

Device

OCR• Converts

scanned images of machine printed or handwritten text, into a computer processable format

Scanner• digitize texts, graphics and pictures

• to restore damaged photographs


Output Devices

Monitors• Primary Output Device• Uses Cathode Ray Tube technology as in televisions

• VGA or SVGA monitor

Devices that are used to view information or processed data are known as Output Devices.

Some common output devices are :


• Liquid Crystal Display

• Thinner and Lighter monitors

• Require less power than CRT monitors

Output Devices Devices that are used to view information or processed data are known as Output Devices.



• Printers• Another most commonly used output device.

• Basically of 2 types - Impact - Non Impact


Output Devices Devices that are used to view information or processed data are known as Output Devices.


Output Devices

• Speakers• Used for programs that support sound.

• Speakers are attached to a sound card.

Devices that are used to view information or processed data are known as Output Devices.



MemoryMemory is a measure of an individual’s capacity to remember.

Memory is basically of two types :

Primary Memory : Primary memory is used for storing data and instructions temporarily.

Secondary Memory : Secondary memory comprises of storage devices such as hard

disks and floppy disks that act as a permanent

storage medium.


Primary Memory

Primary memory is of two types :

Random Access Memory : This is a computer’s primary storage area, used to store and retrieve information that is passed to the CPU for processing.

The type of RAM affects performance, as the information stored here has to be refreshed quite a few times per second by the processor.


Primary Memory

Primary memory is of two types :

Read Only Memory : It is an integrated circuit chip containing programs and data that can be accessed and read but cannot be modified.

Non Volatile random access storage is the read only memory (ROM).


Storage Devices – Secondary Memory

Hard Disks

• Hard disks are the main storage media of a computer.

• The hard disk is placed inside the CPU and is referred to as a fixed storage medium.


Floppy Disks

• Floppy disks are removable storage media.

• A floppy consists of thin plastic disk that is coated with a magnetic substance.




CD – ROM

• CD – ROM stands for Compact Disc – Read Only Memory


Memory Measurement• Computer memory can be measured in bits and bytes.

8 bits - 1 byte

1024 bytes - 1 Kilobyte

1024 Kilobytes - 1 Megabyte

1024 Megabytes - 1 Gigabyte


File Management

• Folder is a location where we can store a set of related files.

• File is a collection of data or information.

• A text file can be created using Notepad.

• A picture can be created using Paint.

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