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New Perspectives on Computer Concepts 2014 Instructor’s Manual 1 of 16

Computer ConceptsChapter Two: Computer Hardware

A Guide to this Instructor’s Manual:We have designed this Instructor’s Manual to supplement and enhance your teaching experience through classroom activities and a cohesive chapter summary. This document is organized chronologically, using the same heading in blue that you see in the textbook. Under each heading you will find (in order): Lecture Notes that summarize the section, Figures and Boxes found in the section (if any), Teacher Tips, Classroom Activities, and Lab Activities. Pay special attention to teaching tips, and activities geared towards quizzing your students, enhancing their critical thinking skills, and encouraging experimentation within the software. In addition to this Instructor’s Manual, our Instructor’s Resources CD also contains PowerPoint Presentations, Test Banks, and other supplements to aid in your teaching experience.

For Your Students: Our latest online feature, CourseCasts, is a library of weekly podcasts designed to keep your students up to date with the latest in technology news. Direct your students to http://coursecasts.course.com, where they can download the most recent CourseCast onto their mp3 player. Ken Baldauf, host of CourseCasts, is a faculty member of the Florida State University Computer Science Department, where he is responsible for teaching technology classes to thousands of FSU students each year. Ken is an expert in the latest technology and sorts through and aggregates the most pertinent news and information for CourseCasts so your students can spend their time enjoying technology, rather than trying to figure it out. Open or close your lecture with a discussion based on the latest CourseCast.

Table of Contents Chapter Objectives 2Section A: Personal Computer Basics 3Section B: Microprocessors and Memory 5Section C: Storage Devices 7Section D: Input and Output Devices 10Section E: Hardware Security 12Glossary of Key Terms 15


Chapter ObjectivesStudents will have mastered the material in Chapter Two when they can answer the following questions:

What are the components of a typical personal computer system?

What is a computer form factor? Is a home computer more or less

desirable than a game console or small business computer?

What’s the best way to select a computer?

Are PCs and Macs compatible? Is it a good idea to upgrade an

old computer? How does a microprocessor

work? Why are some computers faster

than others?

Why does a computer need memory?

What is the best type of storage for my data?

What factors affect a computer’s screen display?

Are ink jet printers better than laser printers?

What’s the best way to add devices to a computer system?

How can I protect my computer system from theft and damage?

Are there guidelines for troubleshooting hardware and software problems?

READING ASSIGNMENT FASTPOLL T/F QUESTIONS:020100 An all-in-one is a type of desktop computer. (Answer: True) (58)020200 Small business computers have better sound and graphics capabilities than home or game computers. (Answer: False) (66)020300 PCs, Macs, and Linux are three computer platforms. (Answer: True) (63)020400 Today’s Macs can be configured to run Windows. (Answer: True) (63)020500 Pentium, Core, ARM7, and Athlon are types of microprocessors. (Answer: True) (71)020600 Today’s computers typically process 8 bits at a time. (Answer: False) (68)020700 Serial processing is when a processor begins executing one instruction before it completes the previous instruction. (Answer: False) (69)020800 In RAM, microscopic electronic parts called capacitors hold the bits that represent data. (Answer: True) (72)020900 ROM is a type of memory that holds the computer’s startup routine. (Answer: True) (74)021000 Hard disk drives, optical drives, and solid state drives are random access devices. (Answer: True) (77)021100 CD-RWs allow you to record data, but data cannot be changed once it is recorded. (Answer: False) (83)021200 1080p is a measure of vertical resolution. (Answer: True) (91)021300 A surge strip allows you to use your desktop computer during a power outage. (Answer: False) (100)

SECTION A: PERSONAL COMPUTER BASICS


SECTION A OPENER QUESTION:022100 In the interest of being ecological, many consumers consider upgrading their computers instead of disposing of them and buying a new one. Which one of the following upgrades is best left to professional technicians? (Answer: a)

a. Replacing the microprocessor with a newer modelb. Adding an external hard drive for backupc. Swapping out a graphics card for a more powerful oned. Adding RAM

Desktop Computer Systems (56)LECTURE NOTES

Review the components of a typical desktop computer system. Discuss the significance of different computer designs. Describe options for various desktop computer form factors.

FIGURES Figure 2-1, Figure 2-2, Figure 2-3

CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Assign a Project: If possible, take students on a tour of the building to look at

different kinds of desktop computers. Quick Quiz:

1. The term _____ refers to the size and dimensions of a component, such as a system board or system unit. (Answer: form factor)

2. True/False: The first personal computers were laptop models. (Answer: False)

Portable Computers (59)LECTURE NOTES

Discuss the differences between portable computers and desktops. Discuss why laptops are popular. Review the different types of portable computers that are available in the slate

form factor: enhanced media players, smartphones and tablets.

FIGURES Figure 2-4, Figure 2-5, Figure 2-6, Figure 2-7

CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Assign a Project: Review ads for computers. Bring in copies of, or have students

bring, computer ads from magazines or stores such as Best Buy. Review the computer components discussed in the ad. This reinforces the terminology.

Quick Quiz: 1. Most _____ computers feature a 10” touchscreen and weigh about one pound.

(Answer: tablet)2. True/False: Portable computers can have a clamshell or slate form factor.

(Answer: True)


Buying a Computer (61)LECTURE NOTES

Discuss the activities that should be completed before purchasing a computer. Review the usage factors and recommendations described in Figure 2-9. Discuss compatibility issues of desktop, laptop, and handheld computers.

FIGURES Figure 2-9, Figure 2-10

TEACHER TIPSpend some time with Figure 2-9. Have students explain the terminology and evaluate the specs listed.

Encourage students to use what they have learned when buying a computer. Point out that students should consider their budget, what software they plan to use, and how they plan to use the computer.

CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Class Discussion: Present a version of the table in Figure 2-9 (or a similar list of

usage plans) with the purchase recommendations omitted, and ask students to complete the recommendations based on how the purchaser intends to use the computer.

Quick Quiz: 1. True/False: If you plan to work extensively with video editing or desktop

publishing you should buy a computer with a fast processor, lots of hard disk capacity, and a graphics card loaded with memory. (Answer: True)

2. True/False: A computer priced between $1500-$2000 is the computer equivalent of a four-door sedan because a majority of buyers select computers at this price point. (Answer: False)

Home, Game, and Small Business Systems (64)LECTURE NOTES

Review the concept of a home computer and what that encompasses. Discuss the features of a gaming computer that enhance the gaming experience. Explain the features of a computer that would make it suitable as a small

business computer.

TEACHER TIPStudents who are not gamers may be surprised to learn that this constituency is the target audience for some of the most cutting-edge computers made today. Discuss why that is the case.

FIGURESFigure 2-11, Figure 2-12, Figure 2-13

CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Class Discussion: Present a listing of the categories of computers and ask

students what kind(s) of system(s) they own and/or use. Tally the results and present in a table.


Quick Quiz: 1. True/False: A basic home computer system offers a hardware platform with

super-charged support for most computer applications. (Answer: False)2. True/False: Some of the most cutting-edge computers are designed for

gaming. (Answer: True)

SECTION B: MICROPROCESSORS AND MEMORYSECTION B OPENER QUESTION:

022200 Some computers are suitable for e-mail, word processing, and similar low-key operations, whereas other computers have the power to keep up while you play complex action games, edit high-resolution videos, and prepare multi-track sound recordings. Which of the following computers is the most powerful? (Answer: a)

a. Intel Core 7 Quad-core processor; 48 GB RAMb. AMD Phenom Quad core processor; 4 GB RAMc. Intel Core 2 Quad processor; 2 GB RAMd. ARM7 processor; 4 GB RAM

Microprocessor Basics (67)LECTURE NOTES

Point out that this section gives students information they will need when they want to compare microprocessors.

Discuss the variables that differentiate performance: clock speed, bus speed, cache size, word size, instruction set, number of cores, and processing techniques.

Discuss how performance is measured. Review the difference between serial and parallel processing, and discuss

pipelining.

FIGURESFigure 2-14, Figure 2-15, Figure 2-16, Figure 2-17, Figure 2-18

CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Assign a Project: Have students write a paragraph comparing and contrasting

serial and parallel processing. Classroom Discussion: Distribute three ads. Have students compare processors

(clock speed, FSB speed, cache memory, number of cores). Quick Quiz:

1. Using a technology called _____, a processor can begin executing an instruction before it completes the previous instruction. (Answer: pipelining)

2. A single microprocessor that contains circuitry for more than one processing unit is called a(n) _____. (Answer: multi-core processor)

LAB ACTIVITYThe New Perspectives Lab “Benchmarking” on page 112 deals with issues that relate to this section of the textbook. You might want to go through the lab during class time if you have a computer with a projection device. Alternatively, assign this lab for students to do on their own.

Today’s Microprocessors (71)


LECTURE NOTES Review the different chipmakers and their processor families. Review how to determine which microprocessor is best for one’s PC. Explain the

factors that students should consider. Describe the pros and cons of overclocking.

TEACHER TIPInform students of the microprocessors in classroom computers and explain why those are well suited to the computers’ uses.

FIGURE Figure 2-19

CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Class Discussion: Ask students how they would determine which microprocessor

is best for their PCs. What factors will they consider? What activities do they use their computers for and how will those uses affect their requirements?

Quick Quiz:1. What company is the world's largest chipmaker? (Answer: Intel)2. _____ is a technique for increasing the speed of a computer component.

(Answer: Overclocking)

LAB ACTIVITYSend students to a manufacturer’s Web site, such as the Dell or Gateway site. Within a processor family, have them compare at least three different processors. Can they draw any conclusions about the relationship between processor speed and price of the computer system?

Random Access Memory (72)LECTURE NOTES

Point out that RAM is temporary storage, and hard disk space is permanent storage. Anything stored in RAM goes away when the computer is turned off (or if you exit from a program). Anything stored on a hard disk is stored there permanently, unless you delete it.

Discuss the role of capacitors as they relate to bits in RAM. Discuss the amount of RAM needed for typical installations. Discuss virtual memory as a way to artificially extend RAM.


TEACHER TIPUse the chalkboard analogy to explain RAM (Page 72). Explain that the computer uses RAM as a temporary storage area. It copies things to RAM while waiting to use them. You can write a mathematical equation on the board, and solve it. Then you can erase the equation and write a poem on the chalkboard. The chalkboard holds whatever you are working on at the moment. It can be erased and used again, just as RAM is cleared and reused. You can extend this analogy by mentioning that you could also write instructions that students must follow to complete an assignment (analogous to programs in RAM).


CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Assign a Project: Have students write a paragraph comparing and contrasting

RAM and hard-disk storage.

Classroom Demonstration: Demonstrate RAM bits and bytes with clear cups and colored water. To explain a bit, use a cup as a capacitor (bit) and illustrate a 0 and a 1: full (representing a 1) and empty (representing a 0). Group eight cups (bits) together to form a byte. Fill some and leave others empty. Discuss how the pattern relates to a character value via ASCII coding scheme.

ROM and EEPROM (74)LECTURE NOTES

Compare RAM and ROM. Define EEPROM. Discuss the role of a bootstrap loader (BIOS) and why it is stored in ROM.

TEACHER TIPExplain that RAM chips are usually configured on a small circuit board called a memory module (such as a DIMM) and hold data only when the computer is receiving power. That’s why RAM chips are considered volatile. In contrast, ROM contains “hard-wired” instructions called the ROM BIOS, which are a critical part of the boot process. Some people compare the ROM BIOS to a car’s starter motor. The computer must receive its startup instructions from somewhere—that’s the job of ROM.

FIGURE Figure 2-24

CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Class Discussion: Ask students how ROM differs from RAM and note the

differences on a whiteboard. Quick Quiz:

1. The _____ instructions tell the computer how to access the hard disk, find the operating system, and load it into RAM (Answer: bootstrap loader or BIOS)

2. True/False: The instructions in ROM are generally considered to be permanent. (Answer: True)

SECTION C: STORAGE DEVICESSECTION C OPENER QUESTION:

022300 Storage devices have varying levels of versatility, durability, speed, and capacity. For a student who owns a computer, but sometimes needs to use computers in the school lab, which storage device is most versatile? (Answer: d)

a. Hard disk driveb. CD-Rc. Solid state drived. USB flash drive

Storage Basics (76)


LECTURE NOTES Discuss the basic components of a data storage system. Discuss the characteristics of a storage technology that influence its usefulness

for a particular task: versatility, durability, speed, and capacity.

TEACHER TIPMake sure students understand that storage mediums and storage devices are different things. A storage medium is the disk, tape, CD, DVD, paper, or other substance that contains data. A storage device is the mechanical apparatus that records and retrieves data from a storage medium.

FIGURE Figure 2-25

CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Quick Quiz:

1. _______ _______ is the average time it takes a computer to locate and read data on the storage medium. (Answer: Access time)

2. True/False: Storage capacity is directly related to storage density. (Answer: True)

Magnetic Storage Technology (78)LECTURE NOTES

Use Figure 2-26 to illustrate how a computer stores data on magnetic media. Review the pros and cons of hard disk storage. Mention the historical tape and floppy disk technologies.


TEACHER TIPIf possible, bring in an open hard drive to show students the internal workings, including the drive spindle and hard disk platter.

CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Class Discussion: Why are hard disks so popular? Ask students where they would

store the data on their laptops, if the laptop had no hard disk. Ask students to discuss some of the reasons for using an external hard drive.

Quick Quiz:1. Hard disk and tape storage can be classified as _____. (Answer: magnetic

storage)2. True/False: Hard disk storage is the preferred type of main storage for most

computer systems. (Answer: True)

Optical Storage Technology (81)LECTURE NOTES

Use pages 81-83 to discuss the meaning of CD, DVD, and Blu-ray discs.


Explain how optical storage works. Figure 2-30 shows the pits on an optical storage device like a compact disc. Explain that a pit represents a 0, and land is used to represent 1.

Discuss the difference between recordable and rewritable optical discs. Refer to Figure 2-33 to compare and contrast optical devices.

TEACHER TIPIf possible, disassemble a CD or DVD drive and point out the tracking mechanism, laser lens, drive spindle, and laser pickup assembly. Otherwise, use Figure 2-31.


CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Assign a Project: Have students go to the Internet to research competing optical

standards (like –R/RW versus +R/RW DVDs or HD-DVD versus Blu-ray DVDs). Assign a Project: Have students write a paragraph comparing and contrasting

ROM, R, and RW. Class Discussion: Using the table in Figure 2-33 as a guide, have students

discuss what type of CD or DVD drive they need. Why?

Solid State Storage (84)LECTURE NOTES

Explain how solid state storage works. Explain that solid state storage is very reliable, and needs very little power to

run, but storage capacity is limited. Review the advantages of this kind of technology, including portability and price.

TEACHER TIPDo students know whether they have used any solid state storage devices? They may not know that cell phones and digital cameras use solid state storage technology.


CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Class Discussion: Using a whiteboard, ask students to list different devices that

use solid state storage. Tally the number of students who own each type of device. Discuss how solid state storage has led to the creation of, or evolution of, many of these devices.

Quick Quiz:1. _____ is a technology that stores data in erasable, rewritable circuitry.

(Answer: Solid state storage)2. True/False: Once data is stored on solid state storage, it is non-volatile.

(Answer: True)3. A(n) _____ is a package of flash memory that can be used as a substitute for a

hard disk drive. (Answer: solid state drive or SSD)


Storage Wrap-up (86)LECTURE NOTES

Review ways to add storage to a computer using internal and external devices. Describe internal and external drive bays. Use the demonstration computer to

show students both types of drive bays. Otherwise, use Figure 2-38. Review the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of storage

devices.


CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Critical Thinking: Have students briefly discuss scenarios in which each type of

storage listed in Figure 2-39 is the best choice. Quick Quiz:

1. When a hard disk’s read-write head runs into a dust particle or other contaminant on the disk, it can cause a(n) _____. (Answer: head crash)

2. True/False: A computer’s DVD drive can read discs that contain computer data as well as discs that contain DVD movies. (Answer: True)

3. _____ access is the ability of a device to “jump” directly to the requested data. (Answer: b)a. Sequentialb. Randomc. Flashd. Transfer

SECTION D: INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICESSECTION D OPENER QUESTION:

022400 Computer owners usually want to add various peripheral devices to their computers. Suppose you have a notebook computer and you want to add an external hard drive, but you’ve run out of USB ports. What can you do? (Answer: c)

a. Use the HDMI port instead.b. Plug directly into the expansion bus.c. Swap in a USB hub for one of the currently connected peripherals.d. Use an Ethernet-to-USB converter.

Basic Input Devices (88)LECTURE NOTES

Discuss what devices are used to get data into a computer. Stress that input devices allow users to communicate with the computer system by allowing them to enter data, instructions, and information.


CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Group Activity: Divide the class into two groups and challenge each group to

make a list of all of the input devices they can think of. Which group came up with more examples? Which were the most unusual?


LAB ACTIVITY Refer students to the NP2013 Web site for a Student Edition Lab called “Using

Input Devices.”

Display Devices (90)LECTURE NOTES

Review the definition of a display device. Discuss how a display device is a type of output device except that touch-sensitive screens can be both input and output devices.

Review the different kinds of monitors. Discuss the difference between LCD and LED display devices.

Discuss the different characteristics of a display device that affect image quality. Describe types of graphics circuitry.


CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Class Discussion: Have students identify the type of display device(s) used in the

classroom. What types of display devices do they have at home or work? Quick Quiz:

1. _____ is the time it takes for one pixel to change from black to white then back to black. (Answer: Response rate)

2. True/False: Dot pitch is a measure of image clarity. (Answer: True)3. The number of horizontal and vertical pixels that a device displays on screen

is referred to as its _____. (Answer: screen resolution)

Printers (92)LECTURE NOTES

Discuss what printer technologies are available for personal computers. Compare ink jet, laser, and dot matrix printers. Review the features that differentiate printers. Mention recycling of ink and toner cartridges.


TEACHER TIPIf you have more than one type of printer available in your computer lab, demonstrate to students the difference in print quality and speed provided by each. If possible, take a tour of your building, looking for specialized types of printers.

CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Assign a Project: Have students choose a printer for their dream computer. Have

them compare and contrast three or four printers according to print method, price, resolution, memory, and so on, and ask them to pick one for their system.


Class Discussion: What types of printers do students have experience with? What are the pros and cons of each type?

Quick Quiz:1. Display device image clarity is measured in _____. (Answer: dot pitch)2. True/False: An expansion port is a small circuit board that provides a

computer with the ability to control a storage device, an input device, or an output device. (Answer: False)

3. The printer used for “back-office” applications is a(n) _____ printer. (Answer: b)a. ink jetb. dot matrixc. laserd. thermal transfer

Installing Peripheral Devices (94)LECTURE NOTES

Discuss how a computer moves data to and from peripheral devices. Demonstrate how to install an expansion card into an expansion slot on the

system board. Use Figure 2-52 for reference. Explain that peripheral devices are often connected directly into ports on the

computer. Review the different kinds of ports and mention the availability of hubs.

Briefly define hot-plugging and plug and play.

FIGURES Figure 2-51, Figure 2-52, Figure 2-53, Figure 2-54, Figure 2-55, Figure 2-56,

Figure 2-57

TEACHER TIPShow students that in most cases it is difficult to accidentally use the wrong kind of connector, because the wrong kind just will not fit onto the port. Consider showing adapter devices that allow you to make connections to cables that do not match open ports.

CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Group Activity: Divide students into groups. Have them examine computers in

the various classrooms and labs in your building to determine the most common types of ports/connectors found on current computers. Also ask them to list the type(s) of devices connected to each.

SECTION E: HARDWARE SECURITYSECTION E OPENER QUESTION:

022500 When you treat your computer carefully and perform basic maintenance, you can avoid many hardware problems. However, if you encounter the blue screen of death, what has gone wrong? (Answer: a)

a. The operating system has encountered an error from which it cannot recover.b. Your computer has contracted a virus.c. Your hard disk is full.


d. Your display device has malfunctioned.

Anti-Theft Devices (98)LECTURE NOTES

Review the tips for preventing theft using Figure 2-58. Describe popular anti-theft devices and tracking and recovery software.

TEACHER TIPIf possible, point out anti-theft devices used in the classroom, and allow students to inspect them.


CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Class Discussion: What security measures do students currently take to protect

their computers? What measures does the school take?

Surge Protection and Battery Backup (99)LECTURE NOTES

Discuss power surges. Emphasize that not all power strips provide surge suppressor protection and that

students should review their own equipment to find out if their computers are protected.

Describe a UPS, and discuss what it does.


TEACHER TIPIf possible, show a surge strip to the students.

CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Quick Quiz:

1. A(n) _____ is a sudden increase or spike in electrical energy. (Answer: power surge)

2. True/False: A UPS provides only surge protection. (Answer: False)

Basic Maintenance (101)LECTURE NOTES

Discuss with students the preventative cleaning suggestions listed in this section.

Review ways to control overheating. Go over the maintenance tasks listed in Figure 2-66.



TEACHER TIPIf possible, pass around a can of compressed air and have students use it to clean their keyboards. Do they notice a difference after using it?

CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Critical Thinking: Discuss with students the suggestions listed in Figure 2-66.

How many of these steps do students take regularly? Do the students appreciate the importance, for example, of antivirus and spyware definitions, or of regular backups?

Class Discussion: What are students’ current maintenance routines? How are classroom computers taken care of?

Quick Quiz: All of the following are valid tips for regular computer maintenance EXCEPT _____.(Answer: d)

a. Scan your computer for viruses once a week.b. Run utilities that ensure peak performance for your hard drive.c. Keep spyware definitions updated.d. Never delete your browser’s history/cache files.

Troubleshooting and Repair (103)LECTURE NOTES

Discuss how to tell if something is wrong with a computer and how to troubleshoot a hardware problem.

Describe safe mode. Discuss how to get outside technical help if necessary.


TEACHER TIPStudents have probably heard of the blue screen of death. Survey students about their experience with the BSoD.

CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Group Activity: Each group should decide 2 to 3 kinds of additional hardware

security they need for their ideal computer system, listing them in order of importance.

Quick Quiz:1. _____ is a limited version of the Windows operating system that allows you to

use your mouse, screen, and keyboard, but no other peripherals. (Answer: Safe Mode)

2. True/False: The blue screen of death (BSoD) indicates that a Windows operating system has encountered an error from which it cannot recover. (Answer: True)


WHAT DO YOU THINK?023100 Have you ever thrown away an old computer or other electronic device?a. Yesb. Noc. Not sure

203200 Do you research products before you purchase them to find out if they are environmentally friendly throughout their life cycle?a. Yesb. Noc. Not sure

023300 Would it be fair for consumers to pay a recycling tax on any electronic equipment that they purchase?a. Yesb. Noc. Not sure

Glossary of Key Terms 64-bit processor, 68 Access time, 77 All-in-one computer, 58 Benchmarks, 70 BIOS, 74 Blue screen of death, 103 Blu-ray, 81 Bootstrap loader, 74 Capacitors, 72 Card reader, 84 CD, 81 CISC, 69 Color depth, 90 Compatible, 60 CPU cache, 68 Data bus, 94 Data transfer rate, 77 Dedicated graphics, 91 Desktop computer, 56 Dot matrix printer, 93 Dot pitch, 90

Drive bays, 86 Duplex printer, 94 Duty cycle, 93 DVD, 81 DVI, 96 Dynamic RAM (DRAM), 72 EEPROM, 74 Enhanced media player, 60 eSATA, 96 Expansion bus, 94 Expansion card, 95 Expansion port, 95 Expansion slot, 95 FireWire, 96 Floppy disk, 80 Form factor, 58 Front side bus, 68 Game controllers, 88 Gigahertz, 67 Graphics card, 91 Graphics processing unit, 91


Hard disk drive, 78 Hard disk platter, 78 HDMI, 96 Head crash, 79 Home computer system, 64 Hot-plugging, 97 Ink jet printer, 92 Integrated graphics, 91 Lands, 81 Laptop computer, 59 Laser printer, 92 LCD, 90 LED, 90 Linux platform, 63 Mac platform, 63 Magnetic storage, 78 Megahertz, 68 Memory card, 84 Microprocessor clock, 67 Mouse, 88 Multi-core processor, 68 Non-volatile, 84 Optical storage, 81 Overclocking, 71 Parallel processing, 69 PC platform, 63 Peripheral device, 56 Pipelining, 69 Pits, 81 Pixels, 90 Pointing device, 88 Portable computer, 59 PostScript, 94 Power surge, 99 Printer Command Language, 94 RAM, 72

Random access, 77 Read-only technology, 82 Read-write head, 78 Recordable technology, 82 Response rate, 90 Rewritable technology, 82 RISC, 69 ROM, 74 Safe Mode, 105 Screen resolution, 91 Sequential access, 77 Serial processing, 69 Smartphone, 60 Solid state drive, 85 Solid state storage, 84 Storage density, 77 Storage device, 76 Storage medium, 76 Surge strip, 100 System unit, 57 Tablet computer, 60 Thunderbolt, 96 Touchscreen, 89 Tower case, 58 Trackpad, 89 UPS, 100 USB, 96 USB flash drive, 85 USB hub, 96 VGA, 96 Viewing angle width, 90 Virtual keyboard, 89 Virtual memory, 73 Volatile, 72 Word size, 68

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