Comprehensive Glossary of Overhead Crane Terminology · Comprehensive Glossary of Overhead Crane...

Overhead Crane Consulting, LLC

By: Larry Dunville 3/1/16

Comprehensive Glossary of Overhead Crane Terminology (with source annotations)

TERM GROUP SOURCE DEFINITION

ACCESS PLATFORM Overhead Cranes

A limited length platform, located on the idler girder to access to the end truck wheels only.

ADJUSTABLE OR VARIABLE VOLTAGE

Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A method of control by which the motor supply voltage can be adjusted.

ADMINISTRATIVE OR REGULATORY AUTHORITY

Govt. Regs ASME B30.2 Governmental agency or, in the absence of governmental jurisdiction, the employer.

AMPACITY Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 The current carrying capacity expressed in amperes. APPOINTED Govt. Regs ASME B30-17 Assigned specific responsibilities by the employer or

the employer’s representative. AUTHORIZED Govt. Regs ASME B30-17 Appointed by a duly constituted administrative or

regulatory authority. AUTOMATIC CRANE Overhead

Cranes ANSI MH 27.1 A crane which when activated operates through a

preset cycle or cycles. AUTOMATIC DISPATCH CARRIER

Monorails ANSI MH 27.1 A carrier which when activated operates through a preset cycle or cycles.

AUXILIARY HOIST Hoisting CMAA Spec 70 A supplemental hoisting unit, usually designed to handle lighter loads at a higher sped than the main host.

AXLE, FIXED Overhead Cranes

Whiting Crane Handbook

A shaft which is fixed in the end truck and about which the wheel revolves.

AXLE, ROTATING Overhead Cranes


A shaft which is fixed in the wheel and which rotates on bearings fixed in the end truck.

B-1O BEARING LIFE Misc. ANSI MH 27.1 The B-10 bearing life of an anti-friction bearing is the minimum expected life, in hours, of a group of bearings which are operated at a given speed and loading.

BASE OR DECK MOUNTED (HOIST)

Hoisting ASME HST-4M A type of mounting where the hoist is mounted to the top side of a horizontal supporting surface.

BATTERY SYSTEM (BACKUP)

Below Hook Attachments

ASME B30.20 Batteries used to guard against inadvertent load release due to loss of primary power to magnet system.

BEAM Crane & Hoisting

ASME HST-4M An overhead standard structural or specially fabricated shape on which the trolley operates.

BEARING LIFE Misc. CMAA Spec 70 The L-10 life of an anti-friction bearing is the minimum expected life, hours, of 90 percent of a group of bearings which are operating-at a given speed and loading. The average expected life of the bearings is approximately five times the L-10 life.

BEARING, LIFETIME LUBRICATED

Misc. CMAA Spec 70 An antifriction bearing which is provided with seals and a high-stability oxidation-resistant grease to permit operation of the bearing without re-lubrication for not less than the specified B-10 life.

BELOW THE HOOK DEVICE Crane & Hoisting

Device located below the hoist hook to manipulate the object being carried

BLOCK, LOAD Hoisting Whiting Crane Handbook

The assembly of hook, swivel, bearings, sheaves, pins and frame suspended from the hoisting ropes. In a “short type” block, the hook and the sheaves are mounted on the same member, called the swivel. In a “long type” block, the hook and the sheaves are mounted on separate members. (The supporting member for the sheaves is called the sheave pin and the supporting member for the hook is called the trunion.

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BLOCK, UPPER Hoisting Whiting Crane Handbook

A fixed assembly of sheaves, bearings, pins and frame, located on the trolley cross members, and which supports the load block and its load by means of the ropes.

BOGIE Overhead Cranes


A short end truck attached to the end of one girder (or to a connecting member if more than one bogie is used per girder). This type of end truck is used when more than four wheels are required on a crane due to the design of the runway.

BOGIE, EQUALIZING Hoisting Whiting Crane Handbook

A short end truck which is flexibly connected to one girder (or connecting member) by means of a pin upon which the truck can oscillate to equalize the loading on the two truck wheels. This construction uses a very rigid end tie between the girders.

BOGIE, FIXED Overhead Cranes


A short end truck which is rigidly connected to one girder. A flexible end tie is used between the girders to permit equalization of the wheel loads by torsional deflection of the girders and flexing of the end tie.

BOX SECTION Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 The rectangular cross section of girders, trucks or other members enclosed on four sides.

BRAKE Crane & Hoist

CMAA Spec 70 A device, other than a motor, used for retarding or stopping motion by friction or power means.

BRAKE, CONTROL/ELECTRICAL

Crane & Hoisting

ASME B30-16 A method of controlling speed by removing energy from the moving body or by imparting energy in the opposite direction.

BRAKE, COUNTERTORQUE (PLUGGING)

Hoisting ASME B30-16 A method of control by which the power to the motor is reversed to develop torque in the direction opposite to the rotation of the motor using the motor as a generator, with the energy being dissipated by resistance.

BRAKE, DRAG Crane & Hoisting

ASME B30-17 A friction brake that provides a continuous retarding force having no external control.

BRAKE, DYNAMIC Hoisting ASME B30-16 A method of controlling speed by block, load the assembly of hook or shackle, swivel. bearing, sheaves, sprockets. pins, and frame suspended by the hoisting rope or load chain. This shall include any appurtenances reeved in the hoisting rope or load chain.

BRAKE, EDDY CURRENT Crane & Hoisting

ASME B30-17 A method of controlling or reducing speed by means of an electrical induction load brake.

BRAKE, EMERGENCY Overhead Cranes

ASME B30-17 A method of decelerating a drive when power is not available. The braking effort may be established as a result of action by the operator, or automatically when power to the drive is interrupted.

BRAKE, HOLDING Crane & Hoisting

ASME B30.2 A friction brake for a hoist that is automatically applied and prevents motion when power to the brake is off.

BRAKE, HYDRAULIC Crane ASME B30-17 A method of controlling or reducing speed by means of displacement of a liquid.

BRAKE, MECHANICAL Crane & Hoisting

ASME B30-17 A method of controlling or reducing speed by friction.

BRAKE, MECHANICAL LOAD

Hoisting

ASME B30-16 An automatic type of friction brake used for controlling loads in a lowering direction. This unidirectional device requires torque from the motor or hand chain wheel to lower a load but does not impose any additional load on the motor or hand chain wheel



when lifting a load. BRAKE, PARKING Overhead

Cranes ASME B30-17 A brake for bridge and trolley that may be

automatically or manually applied to impede horizontal motion by restraining wheel rotation.

BRAKE, PNEUMATIC Overhead Cranes

ASME B30-17 A method of controlling or powering a drive or brake by means of compressed gas.

BRAKE, REGENERATIVE Hoisting ASME B30-17 A method of controlling speed in which the electrical energy generated by the motor is fed back into the power system.

BRAKE, SERVICE Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.2 A brake for bridge or trolley used by the operator, during normal operation, to apply a retarding force.

BRANCH CIRCUIT Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 The circuit conductors between the final overcurrent device protecting the circuit and the outlet(s).

BREAKAWAY FORCE Below Hook Attachments

ASME B30.20 The external force that is required to separate the vacuum pad or vacuum lifting device from the load when applied perpendicular to the attachment surface.

BRIDGE Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 That part of an overhead crane consisting of girders, trucks, end ties, walkway and drive mechanism which carries the trolley and travels in a direction parallel to the runway.

BRIDGE (CRANE) TRAVEL Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.11 Crane movement in a direction parallel to the crane runway.

BRIDGE CONDUCTORS Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 The electrical conductors located along the bridge structure of a crane to provide power to the trolley.

BRIDGE CRANE, TOP RUNNING

Overhead Cranes

Overhead crane configuration such that the crane end truck wheels ride on the top of the runway rails.

BRIDGE CRANE, UNDER RUNNING

Overhead Cranes

Overhead crane configuration such that the crane end truck wheels ride on the bottom flange of the runway beam.

BRIDGE GIRDER (CRANE GIRDER)

Overhead Cranes

ANSI MH 27.1 Crane member on which carriers or trolleys travel, horizontally mounted between and supported by the end trucks. Building Structure. The structural members of a building which support the building loads and on which the loads of crane or monorail equipment, and the material to be moved, will be imposed.

BRIDGE RAIL Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 The rail supported by the bridge girders on which the trolley travels.

BRIDGE TRAVEL Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.2 The crane movement in a direction parallel to the crane runway.

BUMPER (BUFFER) Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 An energy absorbing device for reducing impact when a moving crane or trolley reaches the end of its permitted travel, or when two moving cranes or trolleys come into contact.

CAB Overhead Cranes

ASME B30-17 The operator’s compartment on a crane.

CAB CONTROLLED Overhead Cranes

ANSI MH 27.1 Equipment controlled from an operator’s cab.

CAB, NORMAL Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.2 Operator’s compartment used for controlling a cab-operated crane.

CAB, SKELETON Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.11 Operator’s compartment used for occasional cab operation of, normally, a floor- or remote-operated crane or carrier.

CAB-OPERATED CRANE Overhead CMAA Spec 70 A crane controlled by an operator in a cab located on



Cranes the bridge or trolley. CAMBER Overhead

Cranes CMAA Spec 70 The slight upward vertical curve given to girders to

compensate partially for deflection due to hook load and weight of the Crane.

CANTILEVER FRAME Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.2 A structural member that supports the trolley of a wall crane.

CAPACITY Misc. CMAA Spec 70 The maximum rated load (in tons) which a cranes designed. to handle.

CARRIER (ALSO KNOWN AS TROLLEY)

Hoisting ASME B30.11 A unit that travels on the bottom flange of a monorail track, jib boom, or bridge girder to transport a load.

CARRIER (TROLLEY) Crane & Hoisting

An assembly with wheels which will run on monorail track or crane girders and which will support a load.

CEILING MOUNTED Hoisting ASME HST-4M A type of hoist mounting where the hoist is mounted to the underside of a horizontal supporting surface.

CHAIN, HAND Hoisting ASME B30-17 The chain grasped by the operator to apply force required for lifting, lowering, or traveling motions.

CHAIN, LOAD Hoisting ASME B30-17 The load-bearing chain in a hoist. CHAIN, WELDED LINK Hoisting ASME B30-16 A chain consisting of a series of interwoven links

fanned and welded. CLAMP Monorails ANSI MH 27.1 A type of suspension fitting used to support tracks

from an overhead structure fastened to the structure by means of pressure rather than welding or direct bolting.

CLEARANCE Misc. CMAA Spec 70 Minimum distance from the extremity of a crane to the nearest obstruction.

CMAA Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 Crane Manufacturers Association of America, Inc. (formerly EQOI—Electric Overhead Crane Institute).

COLD CURRENT Below Hook Attachments

ASME B30.20 The current drawn by the magnet when its coil is at 680F (200C) and at rated voltage.

COLLECTOR, SHOE Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 The portion of a collector which makes contact by sliding on the conductor bar.

COLLECTOR, WHEEL Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 The portion of a collector which makes contact by rolling on the conductor bar.

COLLECTORS Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 Contacting devices for collecting current from the runway or bridge conductors. The mainline collectors are mounted on the bridge to transmit current from the runway conductors, and the trolley collectors are mounted on the trolley to transmit current from the bridge conductors.

COLLECTORS Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 Electrical contacting devices providing a path for current flow from stationary conductors to moving equipment.

COLLECTORS, CURRENT Control/Elec ASME B30.2 Contacting devices for collecting current from runway or bridge conductors.

CONDUCTORS, BRIDGE Overhead Cranes


The electrical conductors located along the bridge girder(s) to provide power and control circuits to the trolley. (Sometimes incorrectly called trolley conductors).

CONDUCTORS, ENCLOSED Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 A bar used to transmit an electrical current, enclosed in a non-conducting material to minimize accidental contact with the conductor.

CONDUCTORS, OPEN Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 A bar used to transmit an electrical current. CONDUCTORS, RUNWAY (MAIN)

Control/Elec ASME B30-17 The electrical conductors located along a crane runway that transmit control signals and power to the crane.



CONTACTOR Control/Elec ASME HST-4M An electromechanical device for opening and closing an electric power circuit.

CONTACTOR, MAGNETIC Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 An electro-magnetic device for opening and closing an electric power circuit.

CONTROL ACTUATOR Control/Elec ASME HST-4M A manual means at the operating station by which hoist controls are energized.

CONTROL BRAKING MEANS Crane & Hoisting

ASME HST-4M A method of controlling speed by removing energy from the moving body or by imparting energy in the opposite direction.

CONTROL PANEL Control/Elec See control enclosure. CONTROL VOLTAGE. Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 The voltage impressed on the control devices. CONTROL, MULTI-SPEED Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 A drive control system providing more than one speed

operation in either direction using multi-speed squirrel cage. motors.

CONTROL, SINGLE SPEED Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 A drive control system providing one speed operation in either direction.

CONTROL, VARIABLE SPEED

Control/Elec A drive control system providing more than one speed operation in either direction using wound-rotor motors.

CONTROLLER Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A device for regulating in a pre-determined way the power delivered to the motor or other equipment.

CONTROLLER, MANUAL Control/Elec ASME B30-17 A controller having all of its basic functions performed by devices which are operated by hand.

CONTROLLER, SPRING RETURN

Control/Elec ASME B30.2 A controller that, when released, will return automatically to a neutral (off) positioning, static, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.) that governs the flow of power to or from a motor or other equipment in response to signals from a master switch, push-button station, remote control, automatic program control, or other similar device.

COUNTERTORQUE Control/Elec ASME HST-4M A method of controlling speed by applying a variable motor torque in the direction opposite to the direction that the motor is rotating due to being overhauled by the load.

COUPLINGS (SPLICES) Runways ANSI MH 27.1 Mechanical devices used to join the adjacent ends of track sections.

COVER PLATE Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 The top or bottom plate of a box girder.

CRANE Overhead

Cranes

ANSI MH 27.1 A machine for lifting, lowering, and moving a load with the hoisting mechanism a part of the machine.

CRANE GIRDER Overhead Cranes

ANSI MH 27.1 See Bridge Girder.

CRANE SERVICE, HEAVY Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.2 Service that involves operating at 85 to 100% of rated load or in excess of 10 lift cycles/hr. as a regular specified procedure.

CRANE SERVICE, NORMAL Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.2 Service that involves operating at less than 85% of rated load and not more than 10 lift cycles/hr. except for isolated instances.

CRANE SERVICE, NORMAL Overhead Cranes

ASME B30-17 That service which involves operation with randomly distributed loads within the rated load limit, or with uniform loads of less than 65% of the rated load, for no more than 15% of the time of a single work shift for manually operated cranes and 25% of the time of a



single work shift for electrically or pneumatically powered cranes.

CRANE SERVICE, SEVERE Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.2 Service that involves normal or heavy service with abnormal operating conditions.

CRANE, AUTOMATIC Overhead Cranes

ASME B30-17 A crane which when activated operates through a preset cycle or cycles.

CRANE, CAB-OPERATED Overhead Cranes

ASME B30-17 A crane controlled by an operator in a cab attached to the bridge or trolley.

CRANE, CANTILEVER GANTRY

Overhead Cranes

ASME B30-17 A gantry or semi gantry crane in which the bridge girders or trusses extend transversely beyond the crane runway on one or both side.

CRANE, FLOOR-OPERATED Overhead Cranes

ASME B30-17 A crane that is controlled by a means suspended from the crane, operated by a person on the floor or on an independent platform.

CRANE, GANTRY Overhead Cranes

ASME B30-17 A crane similar to an Overhead Cranes, except that the bridge for carrying the trolley or trolleys is rigidly supported on two or more legs running on fixed rails or other runway.

CRANE, HOT MOLTEN MATERIAL-HANDLING

Overhead Cranes

ASME B30-17 An overhead crane used for transporting or pouring molten material.

CRANE, MANUALLY OPERATED

Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.2 A crane whose hoist mechanism is driven by pulling an endless chain, or whose travel mechanism is driven in the same manner or by manually moving the load or hook.

CRANE, OVERHEAD Overhead Overhead

Cranes

ASME B30.2 A crane with a single or multiple girder movable bridge crane a movable or fixed hoisting mechanism and traveling on an overhead fixed runway structure.

CRANE, POLAR Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.2 An overhead or gantry crane that travels on a circular runway.

CRANE, PULPIT-OPERATED Overhead Cranes

ASME B30-17 A crane operated from a fixed operator station not attached to the crane.

CRANE, REMOTE-OPERATED

Overhead Cranes

ASME B30-17 A crane controlled by an operator who is not in a pulpit or in a cab attached to the crane, by any method other than a means suspended from the crane.

CRANE, SEMI-GANTRY Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.2 A gantry with one end of the bridge rigidly supported on one or more legs that run on a fixed rail or runway, the other end of the bridge being supported by an end truck running on an elevated rail or runway.

CRANE, SINGLE-GIRDER Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.11 A crane having one bridge girder mounted between, and supported from, the end trucks.

CRANE, STANDBY Overhead Cranes

ASME B30-17 A crane which is not in regular service but which is used occasionally or intermittently as required.

CRANES, FIXED Overhead Cranes

ANSI MH 27.1 Cranes which are non-mobile. Derricks and jib cranes are classified as fixed cranes.

CRANES, PORTABLE Overhead Cranes

Cranes having a revolving superstructure with power plant, operating machinery and boom mounted on a fully mobile carriage not confined to a fixed path. Crawler, locomotive and truck cranes are classified as portable cranes.

CREEP SPEED Control/Elec Whiting Crane Handbook

A very slow, constant, continuous, fixed rate of motion of the hoist, trolley, or bridge: usually established at 1% to 10% of the normal full load speed.

CROSS SHAFT Overhead CMAA Spec 70 The shaft extending across the bridge, used to transmit



Cranes torque from motor to bridge drive wheels. CROSSOVER. (FIXED TRANSFER SECTION)

Monorails ANSI MH 27.1 A connecting track with an interlock mechanism on both ends, mounted between two interlocking cranes, used to transfer a carrier from one bridge to the other.

CROSSTRACK SWITCH Monorails ANSI MH 27.1 A track switch containing one straight section of moving track pivoted in the center which can be rotated to align it with other crossing tracks to allow passage of a carrier through the junction without changing the direction of the carrier motion.

CURVES Monorails ANSI MH 27.1 Formed sections of monorail track used to change the horizontal or vertical direction of carrier travel.

CUSHIONED START Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 An electrical or mechanical method for reducing the rate of acceleration of a travel motion.

CUSHIONED START Control/Elec ASME HST-4M An electrical or mechanical method for reducing the rate of acceleration of trolley motion.

DEAD LOADS Misc. CMAA Spec 70 The loads on a structure which remain in a fixed position relative to the structure. On a crane bridge such loads include the girders, foot walk, cross shaft, drive units, panels, etc.

DEFLECTION Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 Displacement due to bending or twisting in a vertical or lateral plane, caused by the imposed live and dead loads.

DESIGNATED Govt. Regs ASME B30.2 Selected or assigned by the employer or the employer’s representative as being competent to perform specific duties.

DIAPHRAGM Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 A plate or partition between opposite parts of a member, serving a definite purpose in the structural design of the member.

DOUBLE GIRDER CRANE Overhead Cranes

ANSI MH 27.1 A. crane having two bridge girders mounted between and supported from the end trucks.

DRIFT POINT Crane & Hoisting

ASME B30.2 A point on a travel motion master switch or on a manual controller that maintains the brake released while the motor is not energized. This allows for coasting.

DRIVE GIRDER Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 The girder on which the bridge drive machinery is mounted.

DRIVING HEAD. Crane & Monorails

ANSI MH 27.1 A motor driven carrier head which is supported from and propelled by the load bearing wheels.

DROP SECTION (ALSO KNOWN AS LIFT SECTION)

Monorails ASME B30.11 A mechanism that will permit a section of track(s) to be lifted or lowered out of alignment with the stationary track(s).

DRUM Hoisting ASME B30-16 The cylindrical member around which rope is wound for lifting or lowering the load.

DUMMY CAB Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 An operator’s compartment or platform on a pendant or radio controlled crane, having no permanently-mounted electrical controls, in which an operator may ride while controlling the crane.

DYNAMIC LOWERING Hoisting CMAA Spec 70 A method of control by which the hoist motor is so connected in the lowering direction, that when it is over-hauled by the load, it acts as a generator and forces current either through the resistors or back into the line.

EDDY CURRENT Control/Elec See eddy current braking



EDDY-CURRENT BRAKING Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A method of control by which the motor drives through an electrical induction load brake.

ELECTRIC OVERHEAD TRAVELING CRANE

Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 An electrically operated machine for lifting, lowering and transporting loads, consisting of a movable bridge carrying a fixed or movable hoisting mechanism and traveling on an overhead runway structure.

ELECTRICAL BRAKING SYSTEM

Hoisting CMAA Spec 70 A method of controlling crane motor speed when in an overhauling condition, without the use of friction braking.

ELECTRICALLY INTERLOCKED

Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 An electrical device in the starter circuit which prevents a short circuit when opposite controls are operated at the same time.

ELECTRIFICATION. Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 The track mounted conductor system by which the moving equipment receives its electrical power.

ENCLOSED CONDUCTOR Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A conductor or group of conductors substantially enclosed to prevent accidental contact.

ENCLOSURE Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A housing to contain electrical components, usually specified by a NEMA classification number.

END APPROACH Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 The minimum horizontal distance, parallel to the runway, between the outermost extremities of the crane and the centerline of the hook.

END STOP Crane & Runway

CMAA Spec 70 A device to limit travel of a trolley or crane bridge. This device normally is attached to a fixed structure and normally does not have energy absorbing ability.

END TRUCK Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.11 An assembly consisting of the frame and wheels which support the crane girder(s) and allow movement along the runway.

END TRUCK LOA Overhead Cranes

The outside dimension (length over all) of an end truck as measured from bumper to bumper.

EQUALIZER Hoisting ASME B30-16 A device which compensates for unequal length or stretch of a rope or chain.

EXPOSED Control/Elec ASME B30-17 Applies to hazardous objects not guarded or isolated (capable of being contacted inadvertently).

FAIL-SAFE Misc. CMAA Spec 70 A provision designed to automatically stop or safely control any motion in which a malfunction occurs.

FIELD WIRING Misc. CMAA Spec 70 The wiring required after erection of the crane. FIXED AXLE Overhead

Cranes CMAA Spec 70 An axle which is fixed in the truck and on which the

wheel revolves. FIXED TRANSFER SECTION Monorails ANSI MH 27.1 See Crossover. FIXED TRANSFER SECTION (ALSO KNOWN AS CROSSOVER)

Monorails ASME B30.11 A connecting track with an interlock mechanism on both ends, mounted between two interlocking cranes, used to transfer a carrier from one bridge to the other.

FLEET ANGLE Hoisting Whiting Crane Handbook

The angle formed by the wire rope and the drum groove or sheave groove in the plane which contains the wire rope and is parallel to the drum or sheave axis.

FLOOR CONTROLLED Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 Motor propelled units which are controlled by an operator on the floor by means of pushbutton station suspended from the overhead equipment.

FOOT WALK Overhead Cranes

The full length walkway with handrail and toe boards, attached to the bridge or trolley for access purposes. Not to be confused with an access platform (usually a short platform provided only to access end truck).

FORCE, BREAKAWAY Below Hook ASME B30.20 The force that must be applied to a magnet to remove it



Attachments from a piece of ferromagnetic material to which it is magnetically attached.

FRICTION-TYPE PRESSURE GRIPPING LIFTERS


ASME B30.20 Lifters that grip the load without significant or harmful permanent deformation of the load surface.

GANTRY CRANE Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 A crane similar to an overhead crane except that the bridge for carrying the trolley or trolleys is rigidly supported on two or more legs running on fixed rails or other runway.

GANTRY LEG Overhead Cranes

ASME B30-17 The structural member which supports a bridge girder or end tie from the sill.

GAUGE (GIRDER) Overhead Cranes

ANSI MH 27.1 The center-to-center distance between the load carrying flanges of the two crane girders of a double girder crane.

GIRDER, (OUTRIGGER) Overhead Cranes


An additional girder, either solid or latticed, arranged parallel to the bridge girder(s) for supporting the foot-walk, control panels, operator’s cab, etc., to reduce the torsional forces such loads might otherwise impose.

GIRDER, BRIDGE Overhead Cranes


The principal horizontal beam(s) of the crane, which supports the trolley, is supported by the end trucks, and is perpendicular to the runway.

GIRDER, DRIVE (GIRDER “A”)

Overhead Cranes


The bridge girder to which the bridge motor and gear case(s) are attached. For cranes having a drive on each girder, it is the girder to which the control panels and/or the cab are attached.

GIRDER, IDLER (GIRDER “B”)

Overhead Cranes


The bridge girder which does not have the bridge drive attached, but which usually carries the bridge conductors.

GIRDER, RUNWAY Overhead Cranes


A horizontal beam attached to the building columns or wall, and supporting a runway rail on which the crane travels.

GRIPPING FORCE Below Hook Attachments

ASME B30.20 The force the lifting device exerts on the load.

GROUND FAULT Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 An accidental conducting connection between the electrical circuit or equipment and the earth or some conducting body that serves in place of the earth.

GUIDE, CHAIN Hoisting ASME B30-16 A means to guide the load chain at the load sprocket. HAND CHAIN Hoisting ASME HST-4M The chain provided to control movement of a hand

chain operated trolley. HANGER ROD Monorails ASME B30.11 A steel rod which, together with other fittings, is used

to suspend the track from the supporting structure. HANGER ROD. Crane &

Monorails ANSI MH 27.1 Steel rods which, together with other fittings, are used

to suspend the track from the supporting structure. HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS Govt. Regs ASME B30-16 Locations where fire or explosion hazards may exist.

Locations are classified depending on the properties of the flammable vapors, liquids or gases. or combustible dusts or fibers which may be present and the likelihood that a flammable or combustible concentration or quantity is present. Refer to ANSI/NFPA 70. — Class I locations — Locations in which flammable gases or vapors are

or may be present in the air in quantities sufficient to produce explosive or ignitable mixtures

— Class 2 locations



— Locations that are hazardous because of the presence of combustible dust

— Class 3 locations — Locations that are hazardous because of the

presence of easily ignitable fibers or filings, but in which such fibers or filings are not likely to be in suspension in the air in quantities sufficient to produce ignitable mixtures.

HEADROOM Hoisting ASME HST-4M ASME B30.20

Headroom is measured with the load hook at its upper limit of travel and is the distance from the saddle of the load hook to the following locations — (a) centerline of the suspension holes on lug

suspended hoists — (b) saddle of the top hook on hook suspended

hoists — (c) bottom of the beam on trolley suspended

hoists — (d) supporting surface on base and deck mounted

hoists — (e) uppermost point of hoist on wall and ceiling

mounted hoists. HIGH TEMPERATURE SERVICE

Misc. A condition where the surface to which the vacuum pad (or pads) is attached is above 2500F (1200C).

HOIST Hoisting ASME HST-4M A suspended machinery unit which is used for lifting or lowering a freely suspended (unguided) load.

HOIST MOTION Hoisting ASME B30-17 That motion which lifts or lowers a load. HOIST SPEED Hoisting Hoist speed is the rate of motion that the load hook

attains while lifting rated load. HOIST, AUXILIARY Hoisting ASME B30-17 A supplemental hoisting unit, usually of lower load

rating and higher speed than the main hoist. HOIST, MAIN Hoisting Whiting Crane

Handbook The primary hoist mechanism provided for lifting and lowering the rated load of the crane.

HOLDING BRAKE Hoisting ASME HST-4M A friction brake for a hoist which is automatically applied and prevents motion when power is off.

HOOK APPROACH Crane & Hoist

CMAA Spec 70 The minimum horizontal distance between the center of the runway rail and the hook.

HOOK APPROACH, END Crane & Hoisting


The minimum horizontal distance, parallel to the runway, between the centerline of the hook(s) and the face of the wall (or columns) at the end of the building.

HOOK APPROACH, SIDE Crane & Hoisting


The minimum horizontal distance, perpendicular to the runway, between the centerline of a hook (main or auxiliary) and the centerline of the runway rail.

HOOK SUSPENDED Hoisting ASME HST-4M Suspension of hoist from a trolley or rigid structure by means of a hook(s) at top of hoist.

HOOK TO HOOK APPROACH Overhead Cranes

The dimension between two separate cranes as measured between the hooks at their closest proximity. OR The dimension between two separate hoists on the same crane as measured between the hooks at their closest proximity.

HOOK; LATCH TYPE Hoisting ASME HST-4M A type of hook with a mechanical device to bridge the throat opening of the hook.

IDLER SHEAVE Hoisting CMAA Spec 70 A sheave used to equalize tension in opposite parts of a



rope. Because of its slight movement, it is not termed a running sheave.

IMPACT ALLOWANCE Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 See Impact Factor.

IMPACT FACTOR Crane & Hoisting

Additional hook load assumed to result from the dynamic effect of the live load.

INCH (INCHING) Crane & Hoisting


See “jog”. Often used incorrectly to refer to “creep speed”.

INDICATOR, INTERNAL CONTROL FUNCTION


ASME B30.20 An indicator which shows that the permanent magnet material in one type of electrically controlled permanent magnet has been positioned internally to provide full magnetic attraction.

INDUSTRIAL DUTY CRANE Crane & Hoisting

CMAA Spec 70 Service classification covered by CMAA Specification No. 70, ‘Specifications for Electric Overhead Traveling Cranes’.

INSULATION CLASS Crane & Hoisting

CMAA Spec 70 Motor winding insulation rating which indicates its ability to withstand heat and moisture.

INTERLOCK MECHANISM. Crane & Monorail

A mechanical device to lock together the adjacent ends of two cranes or a crane to a crossover or spur track to permit the transfer of carriers from one crane or track to the other.

INTERLOCKING CRANE Crane & Monorails

ANSI MH 27.1 A crane with an interlock mechanism on one or both ends enabling it to be mechanically locked to another crane, crossover, or spur track for the purpose of transferring a carrier from one to another.

INTERLOCKING MECHANISM

Monorails ASME B30.11 A mechanical device to lock together the adjacent ends of two cranes, or a crane to a fixed transfer section or spur track, to permit the transfer of carriers from one crane or track to the other.

INVERTER (VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE)

Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A method of control by which the fixed line voltage and frequency is changed to a three-phase system with infinitely variable voltage and frequency.

JIB BOOM Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.11 A horizontal cantilever track for supporting the carrier.

JOG (INCH) Crane & Hoisting


To move the hook, trolley, or bridge in a series of short, discontinuous, increments by momentary operation of a controller.

KIP Crane & Hoisting

CMAA Spec 70 A unit of force, equivalent to 1000 pounds.

KNEE BRACE Misc. CMAA Spec 70 The diagonal structural member joining the building column and roof truss.

LATCH Below Hook Attachments

ASME B30.20 A device for holding a lifter in the open or closed position.

LATCH, HOOK Hoisting Whiting Crane Handbook

A device used to bridge the throat opening of a hook.

LATERAL FORCES Runway CMAA Spec 70 Horizontal forces perpendicular to the axis of the member being considered.

LATERAL HOOK TRAVEL Hoisting ASME HST-4M The lateral movement of the load hook between its position at the upper limit of travel and its position at the lower limit of travel.

LEFT-HAND END Overhead Cranes


A reference to parts or dimensions on the viewer’s left of the centerline of span, established when facing the drive girder side of the crane.



LIFT Hoisting The maximum vertical distance through which the load hook can travel, and the total allowable hook movement between its upper limit of travel and its position when at the lower limit of travel

LIFT (HOOK TRAVEL) Hoisting Whiting Crane Handbook

The maximum vertical distance through which the hook(s) can move, as determined by the length of rope and/or the number of grooves on the drum.

LIFT CYCLE Crane & Hoisting

CMAA Spec 70 Single lifting and lowering motion (with or without load).

LIFT LIMITING DEVICE Hoisting ASME HST-4M An electrical, mechanical, or electromechanical device for limiting the upward or downward travel of the load hook at the extremities of lift. This device may limit lift at any point within the extremities of lift, if designed to be adjustable.

LIFT SECTION Monorail ANSI MH 27.1 A mechanism which will lift a section of track out of alignment with a stationary track.

LIFTING BEAM (SPREADER BEAM)


ASME B30.20 A load supporting lifter.

LIFTING DEVICES Hoisting ASME B30-16 Devices which are not normally reeved onto the hoist rope or chain, such as hook-on buckets, magnets. grabs. and other supplemental devices used for ease of handling certain types of loads. The weight of these devices is to be considered part of the load to be lifted.

LIMIT SWITCH Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A device designed to cut off the power automatically at or near the limit of travel for the crane motion.

LINE CONTACTOR Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A contactor to disconnect power from the supply lines. LIVE LOAD Misc. CMAA Spec 70 A load which moves relative to the structure under

consideration. LOAD Crane &

Hoisting ASME B30.2 The total superimposed weight on the load block or

hook. LOAD (CAPACITY), RATED Misc. ASME B30.20 The maximum load that the crane is designated to

handle by the manufacturer. LOAD (CAPACITY), SPECIFIED APPLICATION

Misc. ASME B30.20 A load applied to the crane when it is used to handle a specified load.

LOAD BAR Hoisting ASME B30.11 A load-carrying member between carriers load block the assembly of hook or shackle, swivel, bearing, sheaves, pins, and frame suspended by the hoist rope or load chain. This shall include any appurtenances reeved in the hoisting rope or load chain.

LOAD BLOCK Hoisting ASME B30.2-19 The assembly of hook or shackle, swivel, bearing, sheaves, pins, and frame suspended by the hoisting rope or load chain. This shall include any appurtenances reeved in the hoisting ropes. (

LOAD CARRYING FLANGE. Crane & Monorails

ANSI MH 27.1 The lower flange of the track on which the load bearing wheels roll.

LOAD CYCLE Hoisting CMAA Spec 70 One lift cycle with load plus one lift cycle without load.

LOAD HOOK Hoisting ASME HST-4M the hook used to connect the load to the hoist. LOAD SUSPENSION PARTS Hoisting ASME B30-16 The load suspension parts of the hoist are the means of

suspension (hook or lug). the structure or housing which supports the drum or load sprocket. the drum or load sprocket. the rope or load chain, the sheaves or sprockets. And the load block or hook.



LOAD, DEAD Crane & Hoisting


The load(s) on a portion of the crane, which remain(s) in affixed position relative to the member being considered.

LOAD, LIVE Crane & Hoisting


A load which moves or varies relative to the member being considered. For the trolley, the live load consists of the rated load plus the weight of the block. For the bridge, the live load consists of the rated load plus the weight of the trolley.

LOAD, RATED Hoisting ASME B30-17 The maximum load designated by the manufacturer for which a crane or individual hoist is designed and built.

LOCK BAR SHEER LIFTER ASME B30.20 A supporting lifter. LONGITUDINAL STIFFENERS

Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 Horizontal members attached to the web of the bridge girder to prevent web buckling.

LUG Crane & Monorails

ANSI MH 27.1 A mechanical device fixed to the end truck or wheel yoke which will prevent the crane or carrier from falling in the event of a wheel or axle failure.

LUG SUSPENDED Hoisting ASME HST-4M A hoist suspended from a trolley or permanent structure by means of bolt(s) or pin(s) through a rigid or swivel type lug.

MAGNET Below Hook Attachments

ANSI MH 27.1 An electromagnetic device carried on a hoist hook, used to pick up and carry loads magnetically.

MAGNET, LIFTING, CLOSE PROXIMITY OPERATED


ASME B30.20 A lifting magnet used in such a fashion that the operator manually positions the magnet on the load, and manually guides the magnet and load during a lift.

MAGNET, LIFTING, CLOSE PROXIMITY OPERATED


ASME B30.20 A lifting magnet used in such a fashion that the operator manually positions the magnet on the load, and manually positions the magnet and load during a lift.

MAGNET, LIFTING, GENERAL APPLICATION


ASME B30.20 Lifting magnets that are intended by the manufacturer to be used on a number of different geometrical shapes and do not fall under the category of remotely operated lifting magnets.

MAGNET, LIFTING, REMOTELY OPERATED


ASME B30.20 A lifting magnet which does not require the operator or other personnel to be in close proximity to the magnet or its load while the magnet is in use.

MAGNET. LIFTING, SPECIFIED APPLICATION

Bellow Hook Attachment

ASME B30.20 Lifting magnets that are designed for lifting specified geometrical configurations and weights of designated parts, identified by part number or other controlled definition and used in a controlled manner.

MAGNETIC CONTROL Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A means of controlling direction and speed by using magnetic contactors and relays.

MAIN HOIST Hoisting ASME B30.2 The primary hoist mechanism provided for lifting and lowering the rated load.

MAIN LINE CONTACTOR Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A magnetic contactor used in the incoming power circuit from the main line collectors.

MAIN LINE DISCONNECT SWITCH

Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A manual switch which breaks the power lines leading from the main line collectors.

MANIPULATING LIFTER Below Hook Attachments

ASME B30.20 A lifter that rotates the load about one or more axes during the lifting process.

MANUAL-MAGNETIC DISCONNECT SWITCH

Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A power disconnecting means consisting of a magnetic-contactor that can be operated by remote pushbutton and can be manually operated by a handle on the switch.



MATCH MARKING Misc. CMAA Spec 70 Identification of non-interchangeable parts for reassembly after shipment.

MEAN EFFECTIVE LOAD Crane & Hoisting

CMAA Spec 70 A load used in durability calculations accounting for both maximum and minimum loads.

MECHANICAL BRAKING MEANS

Crane & Hoisting

ASME HST-4M A method of controlling or reducing speed by friction.

MECHANICAL LOAD BRAKE

Hoisting ASME HST-4M An automatic type of friction brake used for controlling loads in a lowering direction. This unidirectional device requires torque from the motor to lower a load but does not impose additional load on the motor when lifting a load.

MECHANICALLY INTERLOCKED

Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 A mechanical device which prevents operation of opposite controls at the same time.

MESSENGER TRACK Overhead Cranes


A horizontal member, mounted along a handrail or girder, supporting movable carriers from which festooned wires are hung. The festooned wires may be used to transmit current from the bridge to the trolley or from the bridge to a pendant control unit.

MILL DUTY CRANE Crane & Hoisting

CMAA Spec 70 Service classification covered by AISE Standard No. 6, ‘Specification for Electric Overhead Traveling Cranes for Steel Mill Service’.

MONORAIL Monorails ANSI MH 27.1 An overhead track upon which carriers travel, used to transport loads.

MOTOR CIRCUIT SWITCH Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 A switch, rated in horsepower, capable of interrupting the maximum operating overload current of a motor of the same horsepower rating as the switch at the rated voltage.

NON-COASTING MECHANICAL DRIVE Overhead

Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 A drive with coasting characteristics such that it will stop the motion within a distance in feet equal to 10 percent of the rated speed in feet per minute when traveling at rated speed with rated load.

NORMAL OPERATING CONDITIONS

Crane & Hoisting

ASME HST-4M Conditions during which a hoist is performing functions within the scope of the original design.

NORMAL OPERATING CONDITIONS

Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.11 Conditions during which a crane or carrier is performing functions within the scope of the original design. Under these conditions, the operator manually operated hoists, and 25% of the time for electric or pneumatic-powered hoists, of a single work shift.

NORMAL WALKING SPEED. Misc. ANSI MH 27.1 A walking speed assumed to be 150 feet per minute (45.7 meters per minute). of a carrier when the elements are not securely locked.

OPERATOR’S CAB Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 The operator’s compartment from which movements of the crane are controlled. To be specified by the manufacturer as open, having only sides or a railing around the operator, or enclosed, complete with roof, windows, etc.

OVERLOAD Crane & Hoisting

CMAA Spec 70 Any load greater than the rated load.

OVERLOAD PROTECTION (OVERCURRENT)

Hoisting CMAA Spec 70 A device operative on excessive current to cause and maintain the interruption or reduction of current flow to the equipment governed.

OVERSPEED LIFTING Hoisting OVERTRAVEL RESTRAINT Hoisting ASME B30-16 A device used to prevent the slack load chain from



inadvertently being lowered out of the load sprocket. PARTS (WIRE ROPE LINES) Hoisting ASME HST-4M Number of lines of rope supporting the load block or

hook. PATENTED TRACK (TRAMBEAM, TRAMRAIL)

Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 74 A term referring to crane and monorail equipment built in accordance with the MMA specification utilizing a composite track section incorporating a proprietary bottom flange shape.

PAWL — Hoisting ASME B30-16 A device for holding the machinery against undesired rotation by engaging a ratchet.

PENDANT PUSHBUTTON STATION

Crane & Hoisting

CMAA Spec 70 Means suspended from the crane operating the controllers from the floor or other level beneath the crane.

PITCH DIAMETER Hoisting ASME HST-4M The distance from center to center of a rope passing over a sheave or wound on a drum, measured across the diameter of the sheave or drum power transmission parts the power transmission parts of the hoist are the machinery components, including the gears, shafts, clutches, couplings, bearings, motors, and brakes.

PITCH DIAMETER (ROPE) Hoisting CMAA Spec 70 Distance through the center of drum or sheave from center to center of a rope passed about the periphery.

PLAIN REVERSING CONTROL

Crane & Hoisting

CMAA Spec 70 A reversing control which has identical characteristics for both directions of motor rotation.

PLUGGING Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A control function which accomplishes braking by reversing the motor line voltage polarity or phase sequence.

PLUGGING RELAY Control/Elec Whiting Crane Handbook

A current relay used on a bridge or trolley control panel which senses current in the motor secondary circuit of an alternating current motor and limits reverse torque of the motor to the first control point until the motor rotation has stopped. In a direct current control panel, the relay performs the same function by establishing a patented sensing circuit at the motor armature. (Sometimes called an anti- plugging relay.)

PRIMARY UPPER LIMIT DEVICE

Hoisting ASME B30.2 The first device that, when actuated, limits hoisting motion in the upward direction.

PROTECTIVE PANEL Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 An assembly containing overload and under voltage protection for all crane motions.

PULPIT CONTROLLED Crane & Monorails

ANSI MH 27.1 A unit operated from a fixed operator station not attached to the crane. Pushbutton Station. A device consisting of pushbutton operated contacts in an enclosure used by the operator for control of the powered motions of the crane, hoist, and other auxiliary equipment.

PUSH BUTTON STATION Hoisting ASME B30-17 An electrical control device, consisting of push button operated contacts, used by the operator for the control of the powered motions of the crane, hoist, and other auxiliary equipment.

QUALIFIED PERSON Govt. Regs ASME B30-17 A person who, by possession of a recognized degree or certificate of professional standing or by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has successfully demonstrated the ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter and work.

RADIO CONTROLLED Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 A unit operated from a radio transmitter located at a



point not mechanically attached to the device being controlled.

RAIL SWEEP Overhead Cranes

ASME B30-17 A device attached to the crane and located in front of the crane’s leading wheels to push aside loose obstructions.

RAIL, BRIDGE Overhead Cranes


The track supported by the bridge girder(s), on which the trolley travels.

RAIL, RUNWAY Runway Whiting Crane Handbook

The track supported by the runway beams, on which the crane travels.

RATED LOAD (CAPACITY) Crane & Hoisting

ASME B30.2 The maximum load designated by the manufacturer for which a crane or individual hoist is designed and built.

REACH Hoisting ASME HST-4M Reach is equal to lift plus headroom. REEVING Hoisting ASME HST-4M The reeving of the hoist is the path of the rope between

the hoist and the load block — (a) double reeving two parts of line leading off of

the drum. — (b) single reeving one part of the line leading off

of the drum. REGENERATIVE BRAKING MEANS

Hoisting ASME HST-4M A method of controlling speed in which the electrical energy generated by the motor is fed back into the power system rope refers to wire rope unless otherwise specified.

REGULATED SPEED Crane & Hoisting

CMAA Spec 70 A function which tends to maintain constant motor speed for any load for a given speed setting of the controller.

REMOTE CONTROLLED Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 A unit operated from a control station located at a point not mechanically attached to the device being controlled.

RIGHTHAND END Overhead Cranes


A reference to parts or dimensions on the viewer’s right of the centerline of span, established when facing the drive girder side of the crane.

ROPE Hoisting ASME B30-17) Refers to wire rope unless otherwise specified. ( ROPE DRUM Hoisting ASME HST-4M The cylindrical member around which the rope is

wound for lifting and lowering the load. ROPE SHEAVE Hoisting ASME HST-4M A grooved wheel used with a rope to change direction

and point of application of a pulling force. ROTARY SWITCH Monorails ANSI MH 27.1 A track switch with a movable inner frame containing

straight and/or curve sections of track. The inner frame can be rotated around a vertical axis to align these tracks with other tracks for routing carriers from one track to another.

ROTATING AXLE Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 An axle which rotates with the wheel.

RUNNING SHEAVE Hoisting ASME HST-4M A sheave that rotates as the hook is lifted or lowered. RUNWAY Runway CMAA Spec 70 The rails, beams, brackets and framework on which the

crane operates. RUNWAY CONDUCTORS Runway CMAA Spec 70 The main conductors mounted on or parallel to the

runway which supplies current to the crane. RUNWAY RAIL Runway CMAA Spec 70 The rail supported by the runway beams on which the

bridge travels. S BEAM SECTION Crane &

Runway CMAA Spec 74 A standard beam shape as defined by the American

Institute of Steel Construction. SAFETY LUG Overhead CMAA Spec 74 A mechanical device fixed securely to the end truck or



Cranes trolley yoke which will limit the fall of the crane or carrier in case of wheel or axle failure.

SERVICE PLATFORM Overhead Cranes

ASME B30-17 A means provided for workers to perform maintenance, inspections, adjustments, and repairs of cranes

SERVICE, HEAVY Crane & Hoisting

ASME B30-16 That service which involves operation within the rated load limit which exceeds normal service.

SERVICE, NORMAL Crane & Hoisting

ASME B30-16 That distributed service which involves operation with randomly distributed loads within the rated load limit, or uniform loads less than 65% of rated load for not more than 15% of the time for manually operated hoists, and 25% of the time for electric-or air-powered hoists.

SERVICE, SEVERE Crane & Hoisting

ASME B30-16 That service which involves normal or heavy service with abnormal operating conditions.

SHALL Govt. Regs ASME B30.2 This word indicates that a rule is mandatory and must be followed.

SHEAR BREAKAWAY FORCE


ASME B30.20 The external force that is required to separate or slide the vacuum pad or vacuum lifting device on the load when the force is applied parallel to the attached load surface.

SHEAVE Hoisting CMAA Spec 70 A grooved wheel or pulley used with a rope or chain to change direction and point of application of a pulling force.

SHEAVE, RUNNING Hoisting ASME B30-16 A sheave which rotates as the load block is lifted or lowered.

SHEAVE (EQUALIZER) NONRUNNING

Hoisting ASME B30.2 A sheave used to equalize tension in opposite parts of the rope. Because of its slight movement, it is not termed a running sheave.

SHOULD Govt. Regs ASME B30.2 This word indicates that a rule is a recommendation, the advisability of which depends on the facts in each situation.

SIDE PULL Hoisting ASME B30-17 The component of the hoist pull acting horizontally when the hoist lines are not operated vertically.

SIMPLE BEAM Misc. ANSI MH 27.1 A structural member supported and unrestrained at each end and subjected to loads acting transversely to its longitudinal axis.

SINGLE REEVED Hoisting Single reeving refers to the number of ropes coming from the drum.

SKELETON CAB Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 Same as dummy cab.

SKEWING FORCES Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 Lateral forces on the bridge truck wheels caused by the bridge girders not running perpendicular to the runways. Some normal skewing occurs in all bridges.

SPAN Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 The horizontal distance center-to-center of runway rails.

SPLICE Crane & Monorails

ASME B30.11 A mechanical device used to join the adjacent ends of track sections.

SPRING RETURN Control Whiting Crane Handbook

A device used on a manual controller, master switch, or pushbutton to cause the unit to return automatically to the neutral position, when released by the operator.

SPROCKET (IDLER) Hoisting ASME B30-16 A freely rotating device that changes the direction of



the load chain. SPROCKET (LOAD) Hoisting ASME B30-16 A hoist component that transmits motion to the load

chain. This component is sometimes called load wheel, load sheave, pocket wheel, or chain wheel.

SPUR TRACK Monorails ASME B30.11 A fixed track arranged to interlock with an adjacent crane girder to permit passage of carriers from the spur track to the crane, and vice versa.

SQUARING SHAFT Overhead Cranes

ANSI MH 27.1 A driven shaft which transmits torque to drive wheels operating on two or more tracks.

STANDBY EQUIPMENT Crane & Hoisting

ASME B30.11 Equipment that is not in regular service but which is used occasionally or intermittently as required.

STATIC CONTROL Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A method of switching electrical circuits without the use of contacts.

STATIONARY TRACK Overhead Cranes

ANSI MH 27.1 A fixed track attached to the building or supporting structure.

STEPLESS CONTROL Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A type of control system with infinite speed control between minimum speed and full speed.

STEPPED CONTROL Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A type of control system with fixed speed points. STOP Runway ASME B30-17 A device to limit travel of a trolley or crane bridge.

This device normally is attached to a fixed structure and normally does not have energy absorbing ability.

STRENGTH (AVERAGE ULTIMATE)

Misc. CMAA Spec 70 The average tensile force per unit of cross sectional area required to rupture the material as determined by test.

STRESS Misc. CMAA Spec 74 Load or force per unit area tending to deform the material usually expressed in pound per square inch.

STRUCTURAL LIFTING DEVICE


ASME B30.20 A lifter consisting of an assembly of rigid parts designed to hold and attach a load to a hoist-way device.

STRUCTURAL SUPPORTS Runways ANSI MH 27.1 Structural members provided for the support of runways or monorail track and switches.

SUPPORTING STRUCTURE. Runways ANSI MH 27.1 The structure used for the support of a monorail or crane system.

SUSPENSION FITTINGS Cranes & Hoisting

ANSI MH 27.1 Fittings used to attach the track to the supporting structure.

SWEEP Crane & Runway

CMAA Spec 70 Maximum lateral deviation from straightness of a structural member, measured at right angles to the Y-Y axis.

SWITCH (CROSS-TRACK) Monorails ASME B30.11 A track switch containing one straight section of track, pivoted about the center, which can be rotated to align with other crossing tracks to allow passage of the carrier through the junction without changing the direction of the carrier motion.

SWITCH (EMERGENCY STOP)

Control/Elec ASME B30-17 A manually actuated switch to disconnect power independently of the regular operating controls.

SWITCH, GLIDE (SLIDE) Monorails ASME B30.11 A track switch with a movable inner frame containing straight or curved sections of track. The inner frame can be moved to align these sections of track with other fixed tracks to permit routing of carriers.

SWITCH (LIMIT) Control/Elec ASME B30-17 A device that is actuated by the motion of a part of a power-driven machine or equipment to alter or disconnect the electric, hydraulic, or pneumatic circuit associated with the machine or equipment.



SWITCH, MAIN (CRANE DISCONNECT)

Control/Elec ASME B30-17 A switch on the crane controlling the main power supply from the runway conductors.

SWITCH, MASTER Control/Elec ASME B30-17 Switch that dominates the operation of contactors, relays, or other remotely operated devices.

SWITCH, MASTER, SPRING-RETURN

Control/Elec ASME B30-17 A master switch that when released will return automatically to a neutral (OFF) position.

SWITCH, RUNWAY DISCONNECT

Control/Elec ASME B30-17 A switch, usually at floor level, controlling the main power supply to the runway conductors.

SWITCH, TONGUE Monorails ASME B30.11 A track switch containing one straight section of track, pivoted at one end, which can be swung to various positions to connect with fixed tracks for routing of carriers.

SWITCH, TRACK Monorails ASME B30.11 A device with a moving section of track that can be moved to permit passage of a carrier from incoming fixed track(s) to outgoing fixed track(s).

TAGLINE Control/Elec ANSI MH 27.1 An electrical conductor system employing flexible cables.

TECHNICAL LIFTING DEVICE


ASME B30.20 A mechanism composed of two or more rigid parts which move with respect to each other for attaching a load to a hoisting device.

TEFC Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 Totally enclosed fan cooled. TENV Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 Totally enclosed non ventilated. TEST, APPLICATION BREAKAWAY FORCE


ASME B30.20 A test that is carried out in accordance with instructions from the manufacturer of the lifting magnet in order to establish the application breakaway force.

TEST, RATED BREAKAWAY FORCE


ASME B30.20 A test that is carried out in order to establish the rated breakaway force.

TONGUE SWITCH Monorails ANSI MH 27.1 A switch that contains one straight section of track, pivoted at one end, which can be swung to various positions to connect with other tracks for transfer of carriers from one to the other.

TOP RUNNING CRANE Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 74 An electric overhead traveling crane having the end trucks supported on rails attached to the top of the crane runway.

TORQUE, FULL LOAD (MOTOR)

Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 The torque produced by a motor operating at its rated horsepower and speed.

TORQUE, LOCKED ROTOR Control/Elec Whiting Crane Handbook

The minimum torque which a squirrel-cage motor will develop at rest, for all angular positions of the rotor, with rated voltage applied at rated frequency. Not applicable to wound-rotor (slip-ring) motors.

TORQUE, MOTOR BREAKDOWN

Control/Elec Whiting Crane Handbook

The maximum torque which a squirrel-cage or wound-rotor (slip-ring) motor will develop with rated voltage applied at rated frequency, without an abrupt drop in speed.

TORQUE, MOTOR FULL LOAD

Control/Elec Whiting Crane Handbook

The torque developed by an electric motor (A.C. or D.C.) to produce its rated horsepower at rated full load speed.

TORQUE, MOTOR PULL UP Control/Elec Whiting Crane Handbook

The minimum torque developed by a squirrel cage or wound rotor (slip-ring) motor during the period of acceleration from rest to the speed at which breakdown torque occurs. For squirrel cage motors with 8% or greater slip, the pull up torque, the breakdown torque,



and the starting torque are all equal and occur at zero speed.

TORSIONAL BOX GIRDER Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 Girder in which the trolley rail is located over one web.

TORSIONAL FORCES Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 Forces which can cause twisting of a member.

TRACK Monorails ASME B30.11 The structural member that supports the carrier or crane wheels.

TRACK CAPACITY Crane & Monorail

ANSI MH 27.1 The design load which consists of the rated load, impact allowance and load imposed by the weight of the equipment.

TRACK CURVES Monorails ASME B30.11 Curved sections of monorail track used to change the direction of carrier travel.

TRACK HANGERS Monorails ASME B30.11 Fittings used to suspend the track from the supporting structure.

TRACK JOINT Monorails ASME B30.11 The point at which two sections of track are joined together.

TRACTOR DRIVE Crane & Monorails

ANSI MH 27.1 A motor driven unit supported from wheels and propelled by drive wheel or wheels bearing on the underside of the track.

TROLLEY Hoisting ASME HST-4M A wheeled mechanism from which a hoist is suspended to provide horizontal motion of the hoist along a beam. See Carrier.

TROLLEY (CARRIER) Hoisting ASME B30-17 The unit which travels on the bottom flange of the bridge girder and carries the hoist.

TROLLEY FRAME Hoisting CMAA Spec 70 The basic structure of the trolley on which are mounted the hoisting and traversing mechanisms.

TROLLEY SPEED Hoisting ASME HST-4M Trolley speed is the rate of motion that a motor operated trolley (and hoist) attains while traveling along a beam.

TROLLEY SUSPENDED Hoisting ASME HST-4M Suspension of hoist from a trolley. Hoist can be connected to trolley by hook, clevis, or lug suspension, or the hoist can be integral with trolley.

TROLLEY TRAVEL Hoisting ASME B30-17 The trolley movement in directions at right angles to the crane runway.

TRUCK Overhead Cranes

ASME B30.2 A unit consisting of a frame, wheels, bearings, and axles that supports the bridge girders, the end ties of an overhead crane, or the sill of a gantry crane unattended a condition in which the operator of a crane is not at the operating control devices. However, on a floor-operated crane, if the operating control devices are within sight of the operator and within a distance equal to the span of the crane, the crane.

TRUE VERTICAL LIFT Hoisting ASME HST-4M In true vertical lift, the load hook travels in a true vertical path between the lower limit of lift and the upper limit of lift.

TURNTABLE Monorails ASME B30.11 A track device with a movable inner frame containing a straight section of track which can be rotated with a loaded carrier on it to align the section of track with other tracks for the transfer of carriers from one track to another.

TWO BLOCKING Hoisting CMAA Spec 70 Condition under which the load block or load suspended from the hook becomes jammed against the



crane structure preventing further winding up of the hoist drum.

UNDER RUNNING CRANE Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 74 An electric overhead traveling crane having the end trucks supported on track attached to the bottom flanges of the beams; or supported on bottom flanges of beams. These beams make up the crane runway.

UNDERVOLTAGE PROTECTION

Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A device operative on the reduction or failure of voltage to cause and maintain the interruption of power in the main circuit.

UPPER BLOCK Hoisting ASME B30.2 A fixed block located on a trolley that, through a system of sheaves, bearings, pins, and frame, supports the load block and its load.

VACUUM Below Hook Attachments

ASME B30.20 A pressure less than ambient atmospheric pressure.

VACUUM LIFTER Below Hook Attachments

ASME B30.20 A below-the-hook lifting device for lifting and transporting loads in a fixed attitude using a holding force by means of vacuum.

VACUUM MANIPULATOR Below Hook Attachments

ASME B30.20 A vacuum lifter capable of repositioning the load while suspended.

VACUUM PAD Below Hook Attachments

ASME B30.20 A device which applies a holding force on the load by means of vacuum.

VACUUM RESERVOIR Below Hook Attachments

ASME B30.20 The evacuated portion of the vacuum system whose function is to compensate for leakage into the vacuum system or to provide a vacuum reserve in event of vacuum generator failure.

VARIABLE FREQUENCY Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 A method of control by which the motor supply voltage and frequency can be adjusted.

VERTICAL LIFT Below Hook Attachments

ASME B30.20 A condition where the surface to which a vacuum pad is attached is in a vertical plane.

VOLTAGE DROP Control/Elec CMAA Spec 70 The loss of voltage in an electric conductor between supply tap and load tap.

W BEAM SECTION Crane & Runway

CMAA Spec 74 A wide flange beam shape as defined by the American Institute of Steel Construction.

WALL MOUNTED Hoisting ASME HST-4M A type of hoist mounting in which the hoist is mounted to a vertical surface.

WHEEL LOAD Crane & Runway

CMAA Spec 70 The load without impact on any wheel with the trolley and lifted load (rated capacity) positioned on the bridge to give maximum loading.

WHEEL YOKE Crane & Monorails

ANSI MH 27.1 A frame on which a pair of carrier (trolley) wheels are mounted.

WHEELBASE Overhead Cranes

CMAA Spec 70 Distance from center-to-center of outermost wheels.

Comprehensive Glossary of Overhead Crane Terminology · Comprehensive Glossary of Overhead Crane...

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