Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that...

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Ionic Bonding

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Transcript of Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that...

Page 1: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

Ionic Bonding

Page 2: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form

new materials.A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms

together to form new particles of a compound.

What compound is this?

Page 3: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

MetalsGenerally, elements that have three or less

electrons in the outer energy level are called metals.

Metals are found on the left hand side of the periodic table.

Page 4: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

Examples of Metals

Chromium: Used in making stainless steel.

Barium: Used in glassmaking and in rat poison

Scandium: Used in high intensity lights.

Thallium: Used in ant killer and in treating ringworm (in small, controlled amounts)

Page 5: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.
Page 6: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

Non-MetalsElements that have five or more electrons in

the outer energy level are classified as non-metals.

Non-metals are found on the right hand side of the periodic table.

Page 7: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

Examples of Nonmetals

Sulfur: Used in making matches and in pyrotechnics

Neon: Used in light signs and in lasers.

Fluorine: Used in rocket fuel.

Radon: Naturally occurring gas that can be a side product of nuclear power plants.

http://www.rpii.ie/images/jpgs/RadonDetector2004.jpg
Page 8: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.
Page 9: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

MetalloidsThere are exceptions to this general

classification and some families have members that behave as both metals and non-metals (e.g., silicon). These elements are called metalloids. Many periodic tables have stair steps across families at the right side. The elements on the dividing line are metalloids.

Page 10: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

Examples of Metalloids

Boron: Used in fighter aircrafts and in soaps.

Arsenic: Used in the treatment of cancer, but can be poisonous in large amounts.

Silicon: Used in electronics and automotive parts.

Page 11: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.
Page 12: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

Ionic BondsIonic bonds result when electrons are

transferred from metal atoms to non-metal atoms.

The metal atoms lose electrons to become positive ions, while the non-metal atoms gain electrons to become negative ions. The ions are then held together by the action of opposite charges in an ionic bond.

Page 13: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

Metal element + non-metal element = ionic bond

1)Which element is the metal?

2)Which element is the non-metal?

3)Which element lost electron(s)?

4)Which element gained electron(s)

5)How many of each element is present?

Page 14: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

Positive or Negative Charge? When an element LOSES electrons it creates an

overall positive charge in that element.When you loose electrons, you end up with more

protons (+ charge) than electrons (- charge) overall.This will give you the overall positive charge.When an element GAINS electrons it creates an

overall negative charge in that element.When you gain electrons you end up with more

electrons (- charge) than protons (+ charge) overall.This will give you the overall negative charge.

Page 15: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

Some Qs to Consider...Q1: Take a look at Sodium (Na) on your

periodic table. A) Is sodium a metal or a non-metal?B) How many electrons are in the outer shell

of sodium? (Use a Lewis dot to help you)C) Is it easier for sodium to loose or gain

electrons? D) What charge would it have? Positive or

Negative?

Page 16: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

Some Qs to consider...Q2: Take a look at Chlorine (Cl) on your

periodic table. A) Is chlorine a metal or a non-metal?B) How many electrons are in the outer shell

of chlorine? (Use a Lewis dot to help you)C) Is it easier for chlorine to loose or gain

electrons? D) What charge would it have? Positive or

Negative?

Page 17: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

Some Qs to consider...Q3 – If sodium and chlorine were to make an

ionic bond of sodium chloride (table salt), who would end up with the positive charge? Who would end up with the negative charge?

Page 18: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

Check your Answers...

Page 19: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

In general, metals lose electrons to form positive ions.

When a positively charged ion comes near a negatively charged ion, they attract each other and form a bond called an ionic bond. An ionic bond will hold the two ions together to form a compound

Page 20: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

Octet RuleThe tendency of elements to lose or gain

electrons to obtain the same number of valence electrons as the nearest noble gas is called the octet rule. In human terms, we can think of atoms wanting to be “happy” and becoming “happy” once they have a complete octet of electrons.

Page 21: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

Combining CapacityThe number of electrons that an atom must

lose or gain to have a complete octet of electrons is called the combining capacity or valence. Sodium loses 1 electron so its combining capacity is +1.

When ionic compounds are formed, elements with a positive valence number will combine with elements having a negative valence number. In general terms, metals (families/groups 1 and 2) combine with non-metals (families/groups 16 and 17).

Page 22: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

Combining Capacity In the idealized ionic bond, one atom gives up

an electron to the other, forming positive and negative ions.

Page 23: Compounds Atoms have a tendency to combine and form new materials. A bond is a kind of glue that holds atoms together to form new particles of a compound.

IB BIOLOGY. Atoms form molecules/compounds Bonds: covalent (atoms share electrons) or ionic (atoms give/receive electrons). H - Hydrogen C - Carbon Na.

IB BIOLOGY. Atoms form molecules/compounds Bonds: covalent (atoms share electrons) or ionic (atoms give/receive electrons). H - Hydrogen C - Carbon Na.

2a. atoms combine to form molecules by sharingmonacheshearerscience.weebly.com/uploads/3/7/3/2/37321751/ionic_bonds.pdf · 2a. Students know atoms combine to form molecules by sharing

2a. atoms combine to form molecules by sharingmonacheshearerscience.weebly.com/uploads/3/7/3/2/37321751/ionic_bonds.pdf · 2a. Students know atoms combine to form molecules by sharing

ANIONS: Atoms that have gained electrons and have a negative charge -Nonmetals form anions CA+IONS: Atoms that have lost electrons and have a positive.

ANIONS: Atoms that have gained electrons and have a negative charge -Nonmetals form anions CA+IONS: Atoms that have lost electrons and have a positive.

Chapter 5 Bonding. When atoms combine they form a chemical bond The force of attraction between two or more atoms.

Chapter 5 Bonding. When atoms combine they form a chemical bond The force of attraction between two or more atoms.

Atoms, Elements, Compounds and Mixtures images... · Atoms of these elements form … ... Atoms, Elements, Compounds and Mixtures ... GCSE AQA Revision † Chemistry

Atoms, Elements, Compounds and Mixtures images... · Atoms of these elements form … ... Atoms, Elements, Compounds and Mixtures ... GCSE AQA Revision † Chemistry

How do atoms form ions?

How do atoms form ions?

Elements, Atoms, and Ions€¦ · 4. Atoms of one element can combine with atoms of other elements to form compounds. A given compound always has the same relative numbers and types

Elements, Atoms, and Ions€¦ · 4. Atoms of one element can combine with atoms of other elements to form compounds. A given compound always has the same relative numbers and types

Carbon Chemistry Carbon atoms can form single, double or triple bonds with other carbon atoms. Carbon can form up to 4 bonds This allows carbon atoms to.

Carbon Chemistry Carbon atoms can form single, double or triple bonds with other carbon atoms. Carbon can form up to 4 bonds This allows carbon atoms to.

Atomic Nature of Matter · Molecules • Atoms combine to form molecules. • Can be simple or complex combinations – Simple: 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom combine to form

Atomic Nature of Matter · Molecules • Atoms combine to form molecules. • Can be simple or complex combinations – Simple: 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom combine to form

Chapter Outline How do atoms arrange themselves to form solids

Chapter Outline How do atoms arrange themselves to form solids

Here we’ll have a look at what atoms and ions are, and how atoms change into ions. We’ll start off by looking at how metal atoms form ions.

Here we’ll have a look at what atoms and ions are, and how atoms change into ions. We’ll start off by looking at how metal atoms form ions.

A P T 29 C H E Rtheory description of bonding between atoms to form molecules, and how it explains molecular behavior. We then examine how atoms and molecules form solids, with

A P T 29 C H E Rtheory description of bonding between atoms to form molecules, and how it explains molecular behavior. We then examine how atoms and molecules form solids, with

ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

Chapter 2: Study Guide Have fun studying!. What happens to atoms during a chemical change? Atoms rearrange to form matter with different properties.

Chapter 2: Study Guide Have fun studying!. What happens to atoms during a chemical change? Atoms rearrange to form matter with different properties.

Chemical Bonding Molecular Geometry. Ch. 6 Sections 1-4 Review 1.In general, what determines whether atoms will form chemical bonds? Atoms will form a.

Chemical Bonding Molecular Geometry. Ch. 6 Sections 1-4 Review 1.In general, what determines whether atoms will form chemical bonds? Atoms will form a.

Covalent bonding results when electrons are shared between non-metal atoms to form a molecule.

Covalent bonding results when electrons are shared between non-metal atoms to form a molecule.

Find out how atoms or groups of atoms combine to form ionic compounds.

Find out how atoms or groups of atoms combine to form ionic compounds.

Bonding Between Atoms. Why do Atoms Form Bonds? To get a stable octet of valence electrons. To get a stable octet of valence electrons. Called a “noble.

Bonding Between Atoms. Why do Atoms Form Bonds? To get a stable octet of valence electrons. To get a stable octet of valence electrons. Called a “noble.

Objectives Be able to describe how carbon atoms bond covalently to form organic compounds Be able to describe how carbon atoms bond covalently to form.

Objectives Be able to describe how carbon atoms bond covalently to form organic compounds Be able to describe how carbon atoms bond covalently to form.

Biochemistry Mincer/Scully. Chemistry Life functions because of chemical reactions. A chemical reaction is where atoms form with other atoms to make molecules.

Biochemistry Mincer/Scully. Chemistry Life functions because of chemical reactions. A chemical reaction is where atoms form with other atoms to make molecules.