Composition of cosmic rays above 30 TeV Multi- TeV - ray astronomy Effects of solar activity
description
Transcript of Composition of cosmic rays above 30 TeV Multi- TeV - ray astronomy Effects of solar activity
GRAPES-3 DAQ
Atul Jainon Behalf of GRAPES-3 Collaboration
WAPP-2011, (20-29 December ), Bose Institute ,Darjeeling
2WAPP-2011 Atul Jain, CRL-TIFR, Ooty
TRANSDUCER
AMPLIFIE
R
DISCRIM
INATOR
SIGNAL
PROCESSING
DATA
RECORDIN
G
Detectors @ GRAPES-3 High performance plastic scintillator
detectors
Large area sealed proportional counters
Water Cherenkov detectors
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Plastic Scintillator Detector
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Plastic Scintillator Casting
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Plastic scintillation detectors - 400 Spread over an area - 25,000 m2
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Google Earth View
What we want to know ?
Energy deposited by the particle Integrate the charge (Pulse from PMT) we get
energy deposited by the particle
Arrival direction of the particle Measure hit time in each detector with
common reference and by relative
difference calculate arrival direction
Det#1 Det#2 Det#3
Det#1
Det#2
Det#3
Disk of Particles
Det#1 Det#2 Det#3
Det#1
Det#2
Det#3
Disk of Particles
Det#1 Det#2 Det#3
Det#1
Det#2
Det#3
Disk of Particles
Gas Mixture 90% Ar +10% CH4
Total 3712
Total Area 560 m2
Absorber 2.4 m
Threshold E = 1 GeV
Proportional Counter
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Inside view of Muon Supermodule at GRAPES-3
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15
Muon Detector
EAS DAQ
GRAPES-3
SCRATE1 GB
Monitoring
SCDATA8 GB
MUONANGLE DAQMUON EAS DAQ
MUDATA1 GB
MUANGLE4 GB
PRE ANALYSIS
STORAGE16 GB
3712 400
Running Monitoring Programs Compression of the Raw data
DVD Writing
EAS TRIGGER
Weather Data
ScDetScintillation Detector
A huge volume of data is collected continuously by the detectors (400 scintillators, 3712- proportinal counters)Information in form of signals from all detectors needs to
be processed (signal processing) and recorded (DAQ)
This is a crucial requirement for the successful running of the experiment.
1 TB information/day 16 GB data/day
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EAS-DAQ
Modular Easy to maintain, modify, troubleshoot Expandable
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EAS Trigger
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Requirement :Uniform response over the trigger area
Each detector should have same priority Core should be uniformly distributed
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Reconstructed EAS
core distribution
Trigger is generated at two levels
Level-0 Level-1Trigger on EAS
100Hz
Fast (100 ns)
Initiates Conversion
Quality trigger
30Hz
Slow (1000 ns)
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Level -0
Initiates the Conversion
Rate 100Hz.
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Level-1Requires a minimum number of detectors to be hit
Present number of hits is 12
EAS rate is 30 Hz
Data from scintillator and muon detectors is recorded
Implementation done using EPROMs.
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TDC
ARRAY OF
DETECTORS
HVDist.
PulseFan-out
Amplifier&
Discriminator
Level-0Trigger
Level-1Trigger
RealTimeClock
ADC
GRAPES
MasterController
CAMACController
MemoryBuffer
START / GATE
EAS Trigger
Clear
EAS Trigger
GATE
Clear
START
400…........721
EAS Scintillator DAQ
GRAPES GRAPES GRAPESGRAPESCAEN
GRAPESGRAPES
GRAPESGRAPES
GRAPES
GRAPES
GPSReceiver
Meinberg
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EAS Scint DAQ
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Time to Digital Converter (TDC-32)
32 Channel in Single Module
520 psec Resolution
JTAG Programmable Features
Multiple Modes of operation
Multiple hit capability
Low Power Consumption
High Performance Time to Digital Converter (HPTDC)
32 Channel in Single Module
24 psec Resolution
External Clock 40 MHz. ( Internally 80,160,320 MHz)
Dynamic Range – 51 micro sec
Double Pulse Resolution 5 nsec
HPTDC CALIBRATION TEST RESULTSC AL IB R AT ION OF HP T DC C H0
R E S O L UT IO N OF HP T DC 98ps DE L AY 25ns
y = 10.2397x - 120.8717R 2 = 1.0000
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
D elay in ns
HP
TD
C C
ou
nts
-1.2
-0.7
-0.2
0.3
0.8
Dev
iatio
n in
ns
C H0
DeviationfromS traightL ine(ns )
L inear(C H0)
(1/S lope) = res olution(1/10.2397) = 97.66ps
R MS of D eviation = 31.25ps
8 Ch. Ultra Fast Discriminator
8 Channel in Single NIM Module
2.5 nsec Propagation Delay
Individual Channel Threshold Control
Individual Channel Out-Width Variable up to 3 microsec
Double Pulse Resolution 4 nsec
FWHM=4.9ns
Time Distribution with Muon Trigger
8 Ch. Ultra Fast Integrated Amplifier & Discriminator
8 Channel in Single NIM Module
2.5 nsec Propagation Delay
Individual Channel Threshold Control
Individual Channel Out-Width Variable up to 3 microsec
TTL and NIM logic out put
EAS Muon DAQ
Proportional Counter
Amplifier&
Discriminator
RAM Card
RAMControl
Card
EAS DataProcess Card
Monitor DataProcess Card
EAS Trigger
Personal Computer
HVDist.
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EAS Muon DAQ
Muon Angle Recording System (MARS)
Under normal circumstances the muon detector rate (proportional counter) has been observed to be nearly constant with an r.m.s. variation of ~0.1%
This stability in count rate makes the muon detector a very sensitive monitor of the solar activity
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Muon Module
Muon through all 4 layers 4-fold trigger
Geometry of counters and their separation allows track reconstruction to 6º
LAYER-0
LAYER-1
LAYER-2
LAYER-3
GROUND LEVEL
4-FOLD
P.C - 1
AMP DISC
P.C 58 Layer 3 - OR
Pulse Shaper
P.C - 1
AMP DISC
P.C 58 Layer 2 - OR
Pulse Shaper
P.C - 1
AMP DISC
P.C 58 Layer 1 - OR
Pulse Shaper
P.C - 1
AMP DISC
P.C 58
AND3200 Hz
Layer 0 - OR
Pulse Shaper
Pulse Shaper
Pulse Shaper
Pulse Shaper
Pulse Shaper
MODULE
CONTROLCARD
(2)
MODULECONTROL
CARD(3)
(3)
MODULECONTROL
CARD(1)
MODULECONTROL
CARD (0)
COMMONCONTROL
CARD
PCI CARD 32 BIT
16 Bit 16 Bit
32 Bit
4-Fold (1)
4-Fold (0) 4-Fold(3)
PC
4-Fold(2)
Field of View (225 solid angle bins)
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MARS at GRAPES-3
Monitoring SystemsWeather Station
TemperatureHumidityPressureRainWind SpeedWind Direction
Electric Field Monitoring
GPS System
40
Electric Field Monitor
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Test Benches PMT uniformity
Detector uniformity
Scintillator hodoscope
SiPM test facility
Fast electronics calibration
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Projects for StudentsMuon life-time measurementVelocity of light measurementAssembly of detectorsBasic electronics; amplifiers, discriminators, logic
units ..High frequency signal transmission studiesAir Shower simulations with CORSIKADetector uniformityPaddle Plateauing
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On going R&D ProjectsSiPM CharacterizationSiPM SimulationFPGA based Scalar and Trigger with USB
interfaceFPGA based DAQ with TCP/IP interfaceHigh Voltage ( 3000V) and current
monitoring for PMTsTemperature Monitor and feed back control
for SiPM
THANKS