Component 3A

Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao

Strengthening Philippine Institutional Capacity to Adapt to Climate Change Outcome 3.1 Activity 3.3

Training Report

Component 3A: Training on the Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Tools on Agriculture for Local Stakeholders in Benguet and Ifugao

2010

UPLB Foundation Inc. Lanzones Road, UPLB Campus

College, Laguna 4031 Philippines Tel: (049) 536 3368 Fac: (049) 536 6265


Funded by:

Through the:

Department of Agriculture

Elliptical Road, Diliman, Quezon City

Implemented by:

UPLB Foundation Inc.

Lansones Road, Univeristy of the Philippines Los Baños

College, Laguna

Report Prepared by:

JESUSITA O. COLADILLA With EUNICE CHARICE B. MENDOZA ROMNICK O. BALITON CATH DELA TORRE


PROCEEDINGS

of the

TRAINING OF TRAINORS

on

Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Tools

for Agriculture Sector

in Benguet and Ifugao


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i

I INTRODUCTION 1

II THE TRAINING PROGRAM 2

a Program Overview 2

b Participants 3

c Participants Expectations 4

d Synthesis of Lectures/Presentation 5

Lecture 1 - Training Overview 5

Lecture 2 - Climate Change Science: Basic Meteorology and Climatology Concepts

6

Lecture 3 - Climate Change Vulnerability Basic Concepts 6

Lecture 4 - Philippine Climate Change Scenarios and its Impacts to Agriculture

7

Lecture 5 – Impacts of climate change in Benguet and Ifugao 7

Lecture 6 - Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Framework, Approaches, Tools and Methods: An Overview

7

Lecture 7 - Biophysical and Socio-economic Characterization for

Benguet and Ifugao

8

Lecture 8 - Climate Change and Women in Benguet 8

Lecture 9 - FGD and KII as tools in VIA 8

Lecture 10 - Proposed Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment Tool of the Agricultural Sectors to Climate Change Benguet and Ifugao

8

Lecture 11 - GIS Mapping as a Tool for Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment of Agriculture

9

e Group Exercises On Vulnerability And Impact Assessment 9

III Pre- and Post-Training Evaluation 22


APPENDICES 29

Table 1 – Training Program for the Province of Benguet 30

Table 2 – Training Program for the Province of Ifugao 31

Table 3 – List of Participants from Benguet 32

Table 4 – List of Participants from Ifugao 34

Presentations (topics presented)

Lecture 1 - Training Overview 35

Lecture 2 - Climate Change Science: Basic Meteorology and Climatology Concepts

37

Lecture 3 - Climate Change Vulnerability Basic Concepts 44

Lecture 4 - Philippine Climate Change Scenarios and its Impacts to Agriculture

48

Lecture 5 – Impacts of climate change in Benguet and Ifugao 49

Lecture 6 - Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Framework, Approaches, Tools and Methods: An Overview

58

Lecture 7 - Biophysical and Socio-economic Characterization for

Benguet and Ifugao

63

Lecture 8 - Climate Change and Women in Benguet 68

Lecture 9 - FGD and KII as tools in VIA

Lecture 10 - Proposed Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment Tool of the Agricultural Sectors to Climate Change Benguet and Ifugao

87

Lecture 11 - GIS Mapping as a Tool for Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment of Agriculture

94

Pre- and Post Training Evaluation Results 1022

Photo Documentations 107

Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page i

Executive Summary

A three-day Training of Trainors on Climate Change Vulnerability and Impact

Assessment tools for the province of Ifugao was conducted at Ifugao State University (IfSU),

Lamut, Ifugao on November 10-12, 2010 and at Benguet State University (BSU), La Trinidad,

Benguet last December 6-8, 2010 for the province of Benguet.

A total of 14 and 32 participants attended the training for Ifugao and Benguet,

respectively. The host institution welcomed the participants during the opening ceremony. For

Benguet, the event was graced by the Vice-President for Academic Affairs of the host institution,

in the person of Dr. Tessie M. Merestela. Dr. Feliciano G. Calora, SPICACC-BSU Project

Leader, was also present during the opening programme and gave short message to the

participants. Participants are composed mainly of Municipal Agricultural Officers (MAO),

agricultural technicians, farmers, and local government officials of the project site municipalities

(Atok, Buguias, Sablan, and Tuba for the province of Benguet; Kiangan, Banaue, Alfonso Lista

and Mayoyao for the province of Ifugao). In Benguet, representatives from BSU and Regional

Field Unit of the Department of Agriculture in Cordillera Autonomous Region (RFU-DA-CAR)

were also present.

The training module is designed to capacitate the local stakeholders (LGUs, farmers and

MAO) in conducting vulnerability and impact assessment using available tools and methods

suitable to the province of Benguet and Ifugao. This is part of the project of the Department of

Agriculture funded under the Millennium Development Goal Fund (MDGF) entitled

“Strengthening the Philippine Institutional Capacity to Adapt to Climate Change (SPICACC)”

The training aim to: a) update the stakeholders of the current development on climate

change; b) update the stakeholders on the available climatic and biophysical information on

their province; c) provide the stakeholders with vulnerability and impact assessment tools

available; d) train the stakeholders in using the assessment tools appropriate to the area; and e)

enable the participants to conduct their own vulnerability and impact assessment.

Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page ii

To meet the above objectives, the 3-day training was divided into five parts, namely: a)

introduction to climate change, b) climate change impacts on agriculture in the Cordillera,

specifically in Benguet and Ifugao, c) vulnerability and impact assessment framework, d) tools

and methods for vulnerability and impact assessment and e) vulnerability and impact

assessment workshop.

Other than lectures, pre-and post assessment survey on level of knowledge of the

participants on topics to be discussed, exercises, workshop and post training evaluation were

conducted to meet the training objectives and to evaluate whether they gleaned knowledge from

the training.

On the first day of the training, the main topics covered are: a) Understanding of Climate

Change Science and its Impacts, b) Philippine Climate Change Scenarios, and c) Impacts of

Climate Change in Benguet Province. On the second day, the main focus is on the vulnerability

and impact assessment. Topics discussed include: a) Vulnerability and Impact Assessment

(VIA) Framework, b) Tools and Methods for VIA such as Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Key

Informant Interview (KII) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The third day served as

the culminating activity of the training, wherein participants are grouped by the municipality they

represented and in a workshop were assigned to conduct their own vulnerability and impact

assessment. At the end of the hour, participants presented their VIA outputs.

Pre and post evaluation of the level of knowledge of the participants on climate change

and the topics to be discussed show an increase in their level of awareness after the training

and the training evaluation results indicated that the training objectives were met. However,

there are some recommendations like inclusion of decision makers in the training, additional

time for each topic, additional topics, and more exercises/hands on and local examples.

Proceedings of the Training of Trainors on VIA Tools for Agriculture Sector in Benguet and Ifugao Page 1

I. INTRODUCTION

The Philippines has always been frequented by climate related hazards like tropical

cyclones and other extreme events like droughts and floods that hampered the health of

human population; caused deaths, damaged life and properties and aggravated the difficulties

among the poor people of the country. These natural hazards can be attributed to the

changing climate, popularly known as “climate change”. According to Cruz, et al (2010),

climate change affects the different sectors of the community and all ecosystems from the

forest down to the coastal areas which encompasses the forest, agro-forest, agricultural,

industrial, residential, commercial and coastal ecosystems.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in their fourth

assessment report in 2007 that archipelagic countries and small islands are the most

vulnerable to climate change. The Philippines already experiences the brunt of climate change

as per record of increasing frequency of disasters like drought, typhoons, massive landslides,

and flooding that are observed in the last ten years. Agricultural, coastal and urban sectors

are among the most affected; urban sector where poorest of the poor are mostly located and

are dependent on coastal and agriculture for their food supply and the agricultural sector

which is heavily dependent on climate for their production.

In the same report, IPCC projected that impacts of climate change will intensify in the

years to come based from their global climate simulation under different economic scenarios.

Projection shows that the Philippines will be greatly affected in all scenarios. Vulnerability and

impact assessment, therefore, is needed for better planning of adaptation strategies that will

address specific sector, places and group of people.

As the most affected sector, agriculture needs to be equipped with tools and methods for

better assessment of its vulnerability. Using local knowledge and available methodologies for

vulnerability and impact assessment, this training of trainors was, therefore, conducted to

capacitate the agricultural stakeholders in the provinces of Benguet and Ifugao in conducting

vulnerability and impact assessment using available tools and methods suitable to their

respective provinces.

Specifically, the training aim to:

1. Update the stakeholders of the current development on climate change;

2. Update the stakeholders on the available climatic and biophysical

information;

3. Provide the stakeholders with vulnerability and impact assessment tools

available;

4. Train the stakeholders in using the assessment tools appropriate to the area;

and,

5. Enable the participants to conduct their own vulnerability and impact

assessment.


II. THE TRAINING PROGRAM

a. Program Overview

This training of trainors on vulnerability and impact assessment tools and

methods for the province of Ifugao was conducted at Ifugao State University (IfSU) on

November 10-12, 2010 while for Benguet, it was conducted from December 6 to 8,

2010 at Strawberry and Gladiola Hall in Benguet State University (BSU), La Trinidad,

Benguet. The training was implemented by the UPLB Foundation Inc. (UPLBFI) with

the support coming from the Millennium Development Goal Fund (MDGF) through the

Department of Agriculture (DA).

The training program was designed to train the member of the technical

working group (TWG) of the SPICACC project in each province which consist of:

researchers from the State University, representatives from the Provincial Agricultural

Office, representatives from the Local Government Unit (LGU), the municipal

agricultural officer (MAO), agricultural technicians (AT) and farmer leaders from the

demo site for the SPICACC project, to conduct vulnerability and impact assessment

of their respective community. For this purpose, the training program was divided into

three parts: background of the training and the project, the tools and methods, and

the hands-on exercises. Program of activities for the province of Ifugao and Benguet

are shown in Appendix Table 1 and 2, respectively. Implementation was facilitated by

the UPLBFI staff in close coordination with the host institution, the IfSU for Ifugao and

BSU for Benguet.

The opening program for the training in Benguet was graced by Dr. Tessie M.

Merestela, Vice President for Academic Affairs of the Benguet State University (BSU)

and Dr. Feliciano Calora, Jr., BSU Director for Development and Planning. For

Ifugao, Ms. Mable Sawey from the IfSU, Potia Campus helped in the facilitation of the

event. In both provinces, coordinators from the UPLBFI: Dr. Jesusita O. Coladilla with

Ms. Eunice Charis Mendoza and Mr. Romnick Baliton. facilitated all the activities.

Overview of the training, objective of the course, expectations from the participants

and expected outcome were laid during the first hour of the training. In both trainings,

participants were also requested to share their expectations (from the lecturer, the

participants, the coordinators and the logistics), and were given pre-training survey on

their level of awareness on climate change and vulnerability and impact assessment.

Day one focused on the understanding of Climate Change Science and its

Impacts, Climate Change Scenario, Responses to Climate Change, Basic

Terminology, and Vulnerability and Impact Assessment. Four chapters of the module

were discussed on this day. These topics are as follows:

1. “Introduction of the training” – Appendix topic 1;

2. “Basic Climate Change Science: Global Warming, Greenhouse Gases, and

Consequences” - Appendix topic 2;


3. “Climate Change Vulnerability Basic Concepts” – Appendix Topic 3; and

4. “Philippine Climate Change Scenarios and its Impacts to Agriculture” –

Appendix topic 4

On the second day, the main focus is on the Vulnerability and Adaptation

Assessment, Methods, and Tools. Seven chapters were discussed on this day.

These topics were as follows:

1. “Impacts of Climate Change in Benguet” by SPICACC Project; - Appendix

topic 5;

2. “Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment Approaches, Framework, Tools,

and Methods: An Overview” – Appendix topic 6;

3. “Benguet Women and Climate Change” – Appendix topic 7;

4. “Biophysical Characterization and Socio-economic Characteristics of

Benguet: In Relations to Vulnerability and Adaptation Capacity

Assessment” – Appendix Topic 8;

5. “GIS Mapping as a Tool for Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment to

Impacts of Climate Change” – Appendix topic 9; and

6. “Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment of the Agricultural Sectors

to Climate Change” – Appendix Topic 10.

It was unfortunate that three topics specific for the province of Ifugao were

not discussed during the training in Ifugao, namely: a) Biophysical Characterization

and Socio-economic Characteristics of Ifugao, and b) Impacts of Climate Change to

Women. Member of the SPICACC research team from Ifugao were requested to

present their outputs on bio-physical and socio-economic characterization of the

province to serve as background material during the hands-on exercise,

unfortunately, they were not able to come. Some materials on these topics however,

were provided and included in the distributed e-materials (CD copy of all the materials

presented).

The last day of the training was dedicated for the workshop, and training

assessment. All the participants were encouraged to conduct their own VIA using the

tools and methods presented during the first two days.

b. Participants

Members of the TWG in each demo site municipality were invited to participate

in the training through their respective Mayors. All invited sectors and pilot site

municipalities in Benguet were well represented, as follows: BSU (6), Sablan (5), Atok

(7), Buguias (5), Tuba (4) and DA-CAR FU (5) (Appendix Table 3). Unfortunately, in

Ifugao, only three municipality sent representatives: Banaue (5), Kiangan (7),


Mayoyao (2) and from IFSU (1) (Appendix Table 4). But though, the training in Ifugao

have limited numbers of participants, they are diverse in composition and each one of

them actively participated in all activities.

Composition of the participants in each province are as follows:

Benguet Ifugao

MAO/AT 6 5

LGU 10 6

Farmer Leader 5 2

Researcher 6 1

DA-CARPU _5_ _0_

TOTAL 32 14

c. Participants’ Expectations from the Training

In the same manner that training coordinators have expectations from the

participants, participants also have their own. Hence, they were asked to share all their

expectation during the start of the training to have some leveling-off of expectations.

Participants from each province were asked to enumerate their expectations from the

following: a) from the training course, b) from their co-participants, and c) were asked

“what are they willing to contribute during the course and after the training to the

community or sector they are representing”. Below are the responses given by the

participants.

The following were the expectations of the participants from the training:

learn tools in measuring vulnerability and adaptation capacity of communities

learn different climate change indicators

additional insights on CCA

more insights on CC

participative audience

lively discussions

more knowledge and information on climate change

to be trained on how to disseminate CC vulnerability and how to assess impacts

of cc in various factors affected by cc especially in agriculture

to be aware on CC impacts

to be equipped on how to assess and apply

to be enlightened on how GIS can be applied

to gain more knowledge and information on climate change

gain knowledge on assessment tools for the agriculture sector

to know/learn the tools and methods of assessing hazards of climate change

how to locate the indicators of CC in the community


To know the mitigating measures to address this climate change problems

To be aware of the adaptation strategies for climate change to have instrument for investment to my community

How to download the tools to the LGU for use

Increase knowledge on climate change

We can get help in our GIS

Understand what is climate change and be able to learn how to assess its impacts thru tools available

Learn about vulnerability assessment tools

Learn impacts of climate change on biodiversity

Learn about climate change vulnerability and impact assessment

Learn how to assess climate change vulnerability and adaptation methods and tools

Learn how to apply this knowledge in actual expectation.

The following are the contributions that the participants are willing to give/do

during and after the training:

information dissemination to the community

disseminate knowledge gained in this training to FFS facilitators in CAR

share observations and stories from the communities regarding impact of climate change

The participants indicated the following as the ways on how they would use/apply

the things they learned from the training:

apply CCA mitigation measures in agricultural production activities

use in preparing for information/education/campaign regarding climate change in university/ communities

use in agriculture research

use in my assignment in RPCMT

in personal involvement in environmental NGOs

in GIS mapping of agricultural projects

The number of expectations listed by the participants under the expectations from

the training show their high expectations to learn from the topics to be discussed by the

resource speakers. However, few of them shared their expectations from their co-

participants and few have an idea how they would apply the knowledge gain in their future

activities.

d. Synthesis of Lectures/Presentation

Lecture 1 – Introduction of the training (Appendix topic 1)

In both sites, Dr. Coladilla discussed the overview of the program and the training

logistics, the background of the activity, the objective, and the expectations of the

coordinator from the participants. She mentioned about the SPICACC project


and the connection between this training course to the overall SPICACC program

in the province. Specific objectives of the training course were also noted as well

as the expected outputs and outcome, as follows:

i. Update the stakeholders of the current development on climate change;

ii. Update the stakeholders on the available climatic and biophysical

information;

iii. Provide the stakeholders with vulnerability and impact assessment tools

available;

iv. Train the stakeholders in using the assessment tools appropriate to the

area; and,

v. Enable the participants to conduct their own vulnerability and impact

assessment.

After her presentations, she encouraged the participants to share their

expectations from the training: topics, speakers, venue and other logistics. She

also mentioned that the course would be as informal as possible and that active

participation from the participants is expected and being encouraged.

Lecture 2: Climate Change Science: Basic Meteorology and Climatology Concepts

(Appendix Topic 2)

Prior to the lecture on this topic, a pre- training survey on the level of

awareness of the participants on the topics to be discussed was given. The

survey was given as part of leveling off. As an introduction, Dr. Coladilla showed

some pictures depicting the aftermath of different climatic events. She mentioned

that she needs to convince them that there is indeed climate change; otherwise,

all the presentations to follow will be of no interest to the participants.

Accordingly, there is no need to conduct training on vulnerability and impact

assessment tools if nobody in the group believes, in the first place, that there is

indeed climate change. Starting off from this statement, terms such as weather,

climate, climate change, global warming, and greenhouse gases were defined.

Sources of greenhouse gases were identified, as well as, the consequences of

its concentration in the atmosphere and the individual contribution to these

changes.

Lecture 3: Climate Change Vulnerability Basic Concepts (Appendix Topic 3)

Under this topic, key terminologies of climate change such as Impacts,

vulnerability, adaptation, mitigation, risk, hazards, shock, variability, trend,

exposure, sensitivity, adaptive, and capacity were discussed. The basic concepts

of climate change vulnerability in the context of agriculture were also discussed.

The methods and tools used for assessing vulnerabilities of local communities to


climate change were also differentiated for further understanding. Examples of

how to conduct community vulnerability assessment were then identified. To

conclude the lecture, Dr. Coladilla challenged the participants to get involve, to

participate in discussions and activities, to know our part and how we can adapt

to it. This will come to pass during our time and the next generation, our children

and grandchildren will suffer much if we will not act today.

Lecture 4: Philippine Climate Change Scenarios and its Impacts to Agriculture

(Appendix Topic 4)

Using the materials from PAG-ASA, Dr. Jesusita O. Coladilla, introduced

to the participants the different climate change scenarios and their consequences

such as changes in temperature (changes in land surface temperature, changes

in sea surface temperature), variation in rainfall, and ice melting and sea level

rise. Climate change scenarios in both international and national settings were

shown to increase awareness of the participants on projected climate changes.

The lecture focused more on the vulnerability of the Philippines to the impacts of

climate change and the projected climate by PAG-ASA based from the results of

their modeling using PRECIS. Different key impacts were identified. Then, the

implications of these impacts were discussed.

Lecture 5: Impacts of Climate Change In Benguet And Ifugao (Appendix Topic 5)

Dr. Coladilla presented in this part the result of the FGD and KII

conducted in both provinces on the impacts of CC and what are the vulnerability

assessment tools utilized by the locals. She mentioned about the identified

climate drivers such as drought, landslide, flooding and excessive rains in Ifugao

and drought, landslide, frost, increase in temperature and landslide in Benguet.

She also noted the most affected crops, such as: sayote and vegetables in

Benguet and rice and corn in Ifugao.

Lecture 6. Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Framework, Approaches, Tools and

Methods: An Overview (Appendix Topic 6)

Dr. Coladilla presented the proposed framework for vulnerability and

impact assessment that they are proposing as part of their MDGF project with

NEDA. She presented the steps by steps process, the expected output, the data

needed and the tools and methods that can be used to attained the expected

outputs. Different terms were defined for the participants to better understand the

concepts. Examples were also given. A simple exercise about V and A


assessment was given to the participants to evaluate their learning about the

matter.

Lecture 7. Biophysical and Socio-economic Characterization for Benguet and Ifugao

(Appendix Topic 7)

This topic was supposed to be presented by the partner institutions from

Ifugao and Benguet who are also working on SPICACC project. For Ifugao, the

materials provided by Ms. Sawey were presented by Mr. Vergara while for

Benguet, Dr. Parao thoroughly discussed the results of their survey in the four

project municipalities on the impacts of CC and the bio-physical characteristics of

the province. She gives emphasis on the soil and bio-diversity characteristics of

the province. Her presentation is in connection with the requirements for the VIA.

She also gave brief introduction about the socio-economic condition of the

province which was later presented by Ms. Batani in details on her presentation

on impacts of CC on women. Copy of materials from SPICACC team in Ifugao

were included in the E-materials distributed after the training.

Lecture 8. Climate Change and Women in Benguet

This topic is part of the socio-economic characterization of the province

of Benguet, a project under SPICACC commissioned to partner institutions. Dr.

Ruth S. Batani presented the results of the study they conducted regarding

gender characteristics and climate change. Here, the effects of climate change to

women with respect to livelihood, workload, and health were emphasized. It is

unfortunate that no presentation was given on this topic in the case of Ifugao.

Lecture 9. FGD and KII as tools in VIA

In Ifugao, Mr. Romnick Baliton gave an overview of the tools that can be

utilized in gathering socio-economic information for VIA, specifically FGD and KII.

He discussed thoroughly what focus group discussion (FGD) is and what is key

informant interview (KII). Later he gave examples of results based from the activity

conducted earlier in the province. For Benguet, this topic was discussed by Ms.

Batani and Dr. Parao during their presentation. Though they did not discuss

thoroughly the concept, they mentioned how it was done during their data

gathering in Benguet.

Lecture 10. Proposed Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment Tool of the

Agricultural Sectors to Climate Change Benguet and Ifugao


Dr. Jose Nestor Garcia started his presentation on the overview of

climate change and the need for vulnerability and impact assessment. He also

mentioned of the different tools and methods available internationally and some of

the tools and methods utilized locally that can be integrated for the VIA in

Cordillera. He presented a scoring matrix that they developed for evaluation of

the participants as to its applicability to the province. The steps of the procedure

were discussed. After the discussion, the participants were given a group

exercise. It was unfortunate that this topic was not delivered in Ifugao during this

training but was delivered later during the training on monitoring and evaluation.

Lecture 11. GIS Mapping as a Tool for Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment of

Agriculture (Appendix Topic 11)

This topic was presented by Prof. Vergara in Ifugao and by Dr. Garcia in

Benguet. They discussed the basic concept on geographic information systems

(GIS) AND other tools that can be used in characterization of one area for VIA

assessment. They mentioned about methods that can be applied such as:

geographic positioning systems, satellite image, and remote sensing. Using some

information provided to them earlier from Ifugao and Benguet, they showed how

this can be utilized to come up a map of vulnerable areas to some climatic hazards

based from its physical characteristics.

e. Group Exercises on Vulnerability and Impact Assessment

To give hands-on experience in conducting vulnerability and impact assessment

(VIA), specifically in: a) identifying impacts of climate change to their community, b)

analyzing the vulnerability level of their community, c) identifying their adaptation needs and

adaptive capacity, and d) in identifying possible adaptation options, participants were given

a half-day workshop on conducting VIA. Through this exercises, participants are expected

will be able to be able to address the adverse impacts of the present and future climate,.

Local participants were divided by municipality while participants from the line agencies and

from the university were distributed to the different municipality. Each group was composed

of at least one of the following participants: LGU, MAO, AT, farmer leader, researcher from

the University and representative from DA or from DENR.

A copy of the step by step procedure in conducting VIA, as shown below, was

provided to each group. Participants are requested to show outputs from each step for

comments and suggestions. Expected final output is vulnerability map of the municipality for

the identified most disastrous climatic event. A table of vulnerability rating based from

derived vulnerability index of the agricultural commodity using the earlier discussed simple

vulnerability assessment tools, is also expected.


Outputs for each step are requested to be presented for comments and suggestions

to ensure that participants are in the right track.

Step by Step Procedure for the Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Exercise

Step Data to be collected (Indicators)

Output Method

Step 1. Describing climate-related hazards

a. Identify climate-related hazards in the community. List down and describe the nature of hazards in terms of its recurrence, seasonality, location

Type of hazards

Seasonality

Location

List and nature of hazards

Seasonal occurrence of hazards

Timeline (hazard history and significant events that happened in the community)

Seasonal calendar

b. For each of the hazards, determine how frequent the community is exposed to the hazard, what were affected and their impacts

Frequency of exposure to the hazards

Duration

What were affected

Magnitude of the damage (e.g. effects on crop yields)

Observed trends

Prevalence and severity of the hazards

Historical transect (how much natural resources have been affected by the hazards)

Matrix ranking (determine hazard that has most serious impact on the community

Step 2. Describe the vulnerabilities of the community

c. Identify high risk areas (harsh environments)

Flood-prone areas Steep areas prone to

soil erosion or landslides

Drought and dry spell sensitive areas

Denuded areas (muyong or communal forest) (percent of total agricultural area)

Location of “high risk” areas

Key informant interview Community mapping Transect walk

d. Identify vulnerable farming systems

Identify major farming systems (crops livestock, fish)

Determine sensitivity of crops

Areas planted to annual crops (rice terraces, vegetables)

Areas with large number of livestock

Areas devoted to aquaculture

Vulnerable farming systems

Secondary data (area planted to crops, sensitivity of crops to climate change)

Transect walk Seasonal calendar

(rainfall, cropping pattern and farm activities,


and livestock to extreme climate conditions (severity of impacts of crops and livestock)

Map areas devoted to climate-sensitive crops and livestock

seasonality of income)

e. Map high-density areas

High density areas High population density map

Social mapping

f. Identify “most vulnerable” groups

Proportion of subsistence farmers in the community

List of “most vulnerable” groups

Matrix ranking Analysis of all types of

livelihood assets

Step 3. Identify capacity of the community

Type of Capacity Data to be collected

(Indicators)

Influence on Adaptive Capacity

a. Physical capacity Number of available family labor

More family labor higher capacity

b. Cognitive ability and linguistic capacity

Literacy rate High literacy rate generally have high adaptive capacity

c. Resource availability

Access to transportation

Lack of access to transportation decreases adaptive capacity

d. Communication system

Presence, effectiveness and efficiency of a communication system

Absence of an effective and efficient communication system reduces adaptive capacity

e. Degree of isolation

Location and access Isolation decreases adaptive capacity

f. Availability of support systems

Presence of support systems (e.g. neighbors, community self help, family, NGOs, or service providers, agricultural support (shelter for livestock, rehabilitation support)

Availability of support services increases adaptive capacity

g. Economic capacity

Income level High income level increases adaptive capacity


Diversity of income sources (to include on-farm sources of income)

Dependency on on-farm sources of income decreases adaptive capacity

Cost of adaptation High cost of adaptation reduces adaptive capacity

h. Technological ability

Knowledge of technological adaptation

Lack of technological knowledge decreases adaptive capacity

i. Availability of support systems


Availability of support services increases adaptive capacity

j. Economic capacity

Income level High income level increases adaptive capacity

k. Technological ability


Lack of technological knowledge decreases adaptive capacity

Step 4. Scoring and Indexing of Vulnerability

Exposure

Variable Qualitative Measure Type of

hazards Extreme hot temperatures Drought, extreme cold temperatures More frequent and stronger typhoons Heavier rains Landslide Flooding Frost (for Atok) Hailstorms (for Atok)

Seasonality All season One season

Frequency of exposure to the hazards (number of times the hazard occurred in 10-year period)

0 None

1 Very Rare 1-2x

2 Rare 3-4x

3 Moderate 5-6x

4 Frequent 7-8x

5 Very frequent 9-10x


Duration (e.g. frost, hailstorms in Atok)

0

1 Very short 1 day

2 Short 2- 4 days

3 Moderate 5-10 days

4 Long 11-30 days

5 Very long > 30 days

What are the impacts of the climate-related hazards?

Destruction of dikes Shift in cropping season Crop yield loss Emergence of new species and outbreak of pests and weeds Damage to crops

How prevalent were the impacts? (how widespread in terms of area or people)

0 None

1 Very minute 1-20%

2 minute 21-40%

3 Moderate 41-60%

4 Extensive 61-80%

Magnitude of the

damage (percent

crop loss)

0 None

1 Very Rare 1-20%

2 Rare 21-40%

3 Moderate 41-60%

4 Frequent 61-80%

5 Very frequent 81-100%

Sensitivity

Areas with large number of livestock (percent of total agricultural area

Areas devoted to aquaculture (percent of total agricultural area)

0 None

1 Very minute 1-20%

2 minute 21-40%

3 Moderate 41-60%

4 Extensive 61-80%

5 Very extensive 81-100%

Age structure and dependency rate (percent old (>70 years old) and young (<=8 years old) community members including disabled

0 None

1 Very low 1-20%

2 Low 21-40%

3 Moderate 41-60%

4 High 61-80%

5 Very High 81-100%

Household income

level (percent low

income)

0 None

1 Very minute 1-20%

2 minute 21-40%

3 Moderate 41-60%

4 Extensive 61-80%


Sources of income

(percent income

from agriculture)

0 None

1 Very minute 1-20%

2 minute 21-40%

3 Moderate 41-60%

4 Extensive 61-80%



General knowledge of the hazards (percent of population who are not knowledgeable)

0 None

1 Very minute 1-20%

2 minute 21-40%

3 Moderate 41-60%

4 Extensive 61-80%


Presence of early

warning system (+)

0 Without

1 With very poor

2 With, poor

3 With, moderate

4 With, good

5 With, very good

Access to information

(+)

0 Without

1 With very poor

2 With, poor

3 With, moderate

4 With, good

5 With, very good

Presence of adaptation measures (+)

0 Without

1 With very poor

2 With, poor

3 With, moderate

4 With, good

5 With, very good

Adaptive Capacity

Number of available

family labor

0 None

1 Very low availability

2 Low availability

3 Moderate availability

4 High availability

5 Very high availability

Literacy rate (percent

of literates of the

population)

0

1 Very low 1-20%

2 Low 21-40%

3 Moderate 41-60%

4 High 61-80%

5 Very high 81-100%

Availability of resources (e.g. transportation, communication facilities) (percent of population with available resources)

0 None

1 Very low availability

2 Low availability

3 Moderate availability

4 High availability

5 Very high availability

Presence, effectiveness and efficiency of a communication

0 Without

1 With, very poor

2 With, poor

3 With, moderate


system 4 With, good

5 With, very good

Isolated areas (poor

accessibility)

(percent of total

agricultural area)


1 Extensive 61-80%

2 Moderate 41-60%

3 Minute 21-40%

4 Very minute 1-20%

5 None Presence and accessibility

of support systems (e.g. community self help (bayanihan), family, NGOs, or service providers, agricultural support (shelter for livestock, rehabilitation support)

0 Without

1 With, very poor

2 With, poor

3 With, moderate

4 With, good

5 With, very good

Wealth level (percent of population who can afford to spend for adaptation cost)

0

1 Very low 1-20%

2 Low 21-40%

3 Moderate 41-60%

4 High 61-80%

5 Very high 81-100%

Versatility of skills for income generation (percent of population with versatile skills for income generation)

0

1 Very low 1-20%

2 Low 21-40%

3 Moderate 41-60%

4 High 61-80%

5 Very high 81-100%

Knowledge of technological adaptation (including indigenous practices)

0

1 Very low 1-20%

2 Low 21-40%

3 Moderate 41-60%

4 High 61-80%

5 Very high 81-100%

To compute for the vulnerability index of each community, the formula below

was used. The data derived from the table above were used to compute for the

vulnerability index, then later each community were ranked for its level of vulnerability.

Vulnerability Index (VI) = Adaptive Capacity Index (ACI) – Potential Impact Index (PII)

ACI = Total Adaptive Capacity Score (TACS) Total Maximum Adaptive Capacity Score (TMACS)

PII = Total Exposure Score (TES) + Total Sensitivity Score (TSS)

Total Max Exposure Score (TMES) + Total Max Sensitivity Score (TSS)


For the interpretation of vulnerability index, the index value below was suggested

to be used but this is still need to be subjected to further evaluation.

Index Value Qualitative Interpretation

0.80 - 1.00 Very highly resilient

0.50 - 0.70 Highly resilient

0.20 - 0.40 Moderately resilient

-0.10 - 0.10 Vulnerable

-0.40 - -0.20 Moderately Vulnerable

-0.70 - -0.50 Highly vulnerable

-1.00 - -0.80 Very Highly vulnerable

To facilitate the VIA workshop/exercise of the participants, each group was

provided with a copy of templates below to serve as their guide for output presentations.

Timeline and historical mapping of climatic events and observed impacts/damage

Climate Related Hazards

(e.g. drought, typhoon, flooding, landslide, or El

Nino and La nina)

Year of Occurrence Affected

Group/Sector Observed

Impacts/Damage

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 ……

Observed

climatic

events

Affected

sector

Extent of

damage


Provided is a sample cropping calendar with the existing climatic pattern and a

projected climate change scenario in the next 10 to 50 years. Each group are

requested to make their own cropping calendar similar to the figure below for them to

identify which commodity would be vulnerable to climate change.

Jan Feb Mar April May June Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

As for vulnerability rating, the table below served as their guide. Basically, however, the

step by step guide only need to be converted into a table to fill-up then used it as

template for evaluation.

Variable Indicators Rating

Brgy 1 Brgy 2 Brgy 3 Physical capacity Number of available family labor

Cognitive ability and linguistic capacity

Literacy rate

Resource availability Access to transportation

Communication system

Presence, effectiveness and efficiency of a communication system

Degree of isolation Location and access

Availability of support systems


Economic capacity Diversity of income sources (to include on-farm sources of income) Cost of adaptation

l. Technological ability


Potato, tomato, cabbage

Tomato, Potato Beans, Tomato, Snap beans

Beans, Carrots

Cabbage


m. Availability of support systems


n. Economic capacity

Income level

o. Technological ability


Summary table for scoring and ranking of vulnerability

Barangay 1 Barangay 2 Barangay 3

Total exposure score

Total Maximum exposure score

Total sensitivity score

Total Maximum sensitivity score

Potential Impact Index

Total Maximum adaptive capacity score

Vulnerability index

Interpretation

Below are the sample outputs during the workshop. Each group able to

identify which crop would be exposed to the brunt of climate related hazards, where are

these located and who are the sectors or group that would be affected the most. Using

the timeline and spot mapping, the groups able to identify which area need to be

prioritize for adaptation measures.

In this activity, however, participants need to be provided with location

specific and downscaled projected climate change scenario. This will help participants

appreciate more the activity, doing exercises not for exercise sake but something they

can take home and utilize.


Commodity

Affected

Group of People

affected

Where are they

located

Adaptation Strategies

Rice Rice Farmers Amganad • IEC on climate

change

• Planting date

rescheduling

• Reforestation

• Planting drought

resistance variety

• Mechanization of

land preparation

• Establishment of

weather station

• Alternative livelihood

Sample output for scoring and deriving vulnerability index of community.


Sample output for deriving vulnerability map of community


III PRE- AND POST- TRAINING EVALUATION

a) Level Awareness of participants on Climate Change Impacts and Vulnerability

Assessment

A pre- and post- evaluation on the level of knowledge of participants on climate

change, vulnerability and impact assessment and adaptation using the same survey

questionnaire (Appendix Questionnaire) was conducted to assess their level of

knowledge on climate change. This was done based from the assumption that training

on vulnerability and impact assessment will make sense only if they are aware of

climate change and feel the needs for adaptation strategies to cope up with the

impacts. Otherwise, this training activity would be simply academic exercise. The

evaluation also aimed to assess whether the participants’ level of knowledge will

increase after the activity.

Pre- and post- training evaluations are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below. Results

show that participants from Benguet has higher average level of knowledge or

awareness and level of interest on climate change with averages ranging from 2.38 to

4.29 (1 being the lowest and 5 as highest) as compared with participants from Ifugao

wherein average level of awareness range from 1.54 to 2.92. Most of the participants

from Benguet noted that this was not the first time that they attended training related to

climate change hence, the high level of awareness. In the case of Ifugao, majority of the

participants claimed that this is the first time they attended training related on CC

(details of results are shown Appendix Evaluation Sheet 1). As a result, after the

training, participants from Ifugao show higher average improvement with an average

rating ranging from 0.80 to 1.66 as compared with Benguet wherein average change in

the level of awareness is an increase of about 0.27 to 0.89.

It is hoped that this result could serve as an indication that participants were able

to learn from this training and two objectives in conducting this training were met.

Table 1. Summary of pre and post survey results on level of awareness on CC for participants from Benguet.

Question Average Pre training evaluation

Average Post training evaluation

Difference (Improvement)

1 How do you rate your awareness of basic climate change concepts? 3.40 3.85 0.45 2 How do you rate your awareness of climate change indicators? 3.28 3.63 0.35 3 How do you rate your awareness of your contributions to climate

change? 3.17 3.74 0.57 4 How much do you know about Climate Change Impacts? 3.24 3.81 0.57 5 How much do you know about Climate Change impacts in local

community in your Area? 3.29 3.89 0.60 6 How much do you know about Climate Change impacts in Agriculture

in your Area? 3.43 3.70 0.27


7 How do you rate your understanding of climate change vulnerability? 2.92 3.52 0.60 8 How do you rate your awareness/skills of using vulnerability

assessment tools? 2.63 3.37 0.75 9 How do you rate your awareness/skills of using Impacts assessment

tools? 2.44 3.27 0.83 10 Rate your familiarity with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate

Change (IPCC). 2.38 3.26 0.88 11 Rate your awareness of the film An Inconvenient Truth. 2.52 3.12 0.60 12 What is your level of personal interest in climate change? 4.29 4.04 -0.25 13 What is your level of awareness about local initiatives on climate

change? 2.74 3.63 0.89

Table 2. Summary of pre and post survey results on level of awareness on CC for participants from Ifugao.

Question Average Pre training evaluation

Average Post training evaluation

Difference (Improvement)

1 How do you rate your awareness of basic climate change concepts? 2.23 3.82 1.59

2 How do you rate your awareness of climate change indicators? 2.23 3.64 1.41

3 How do you rate your awareness of your contributions to climate change? 2.58 3.80 1.22

4 How much do you know about Climate Change Impacts? 2.85 4.00 1.15

5 How much do you know about Climate Change impacts in local community in your Area? 2.85 4.18 1.34

6 How much do you know about Climate Change impacts in Agriculture in your Area? 2.92 4.27 1.35

7 How do you rate your understanding of climate change vulnerability? 2.15 3.82 1.66

8 How do you rate your awareness/skills of using vulnerability assessment tools? 1.69 3.36 1.67

9 How do you rate your awareness/skills of using Impacts assessment tools? 1.92 3.55 1.62

10 Rate your familiarity with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 1.54 3.00 1.46

11 Rate your awareness of the film An Inconvenient Truth. 1.31 2.64 1.33

12 What is your level of personal interest in climate change? 3.00 3.80 0.80

13 What is your level of awareness about local initiatives on climate change? 2.38 3.45 1.07

b. Training Course Evaluation

At the end of the training, participants were requested to give their honest

evaluation of the training course: including the topics, speakers, venue, program,

food and accommodations using the attached evaluation sheet (Table 3).

Participants’ evaluation of the coordination, topics, resource person and

logistics was asked at the end of the training to assess the conduct of the training

and to determine if the training objectives were attained.

Table 3. Evaluation form used after the training


Please encircle the value that best expresses your assessment of the training-workshop

a. The objective(s) was/were stated very clearly. 1 2 3 4 5

b. The objectives(s) was/were fully achieved. 1 2 3 4 5

c. The topics are very relevant 1 2 3 4 5

d. The topics covered are useful in your sector/community. 1 2 3 4 5

e. The topics sufficiently added to my knowledge. 1 2 3 4 5

f. The training workshop addressed the expectations of the participants on:

i. Speakers 1 2 3 4 5

ii. Topics 1 2 3 4 5

iii. Co-Participants 1 2 3 4 5

iv. Venue, Food and Accommodation 1 2 3 4 5

v. Training staff 1 2 3 4 5

g. The training-workshop is very useful for the community/agency. 1 2 3 4 5

h. Do you feel the time allotted for each topic sufficient? □ Yes □No If your answer is no, how much time would you have allotted for each session? _____ i. Is the scope of the training course adequate? □ Yes □No

If your answer is no, what are the topics that should be added to the training-workshop?

j. Please indicate you overall assessment of the training workshop.

k. Other comments and suggestions.

Results of evaluation below show that the objective of the training was fully

achieved as well as met the participants’ expectations. From Benguet, evaluation results

are shown in Table 4 below. From the questions above it can be observed that

participants gave an overall high rating on the training conducted with average evaluation

ranging from 3.96-4.77 (1 strongly disagree and 5 as strongly agree that expectations are

met). In the case of Ifugao (Table 5), the rating is a little bit lower but still satisfactory with

most of the average rating show that they agree that the training objectives are met with

an average rating ranging from 3.89 to 4.45. For better picture of the overall evaluation of

the participants on the training, comments and suggestions from the participants are

enumerated below.

Stro

ngl

y d

isag

ree

No

t su

re

Agr

ee

Stro

ngl

y ag

ree

Dis

agre

e


Table 4. Summary of participants evaluation of the training conducted in Benguet.

Participant Questions

a b c d e f g h i

i. ii. iii. iv. v.

1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 5 N

2 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 N N

3 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 Y

4 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 N

5 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 Y Y

6 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 Y Y

7 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 5 5 5 Y Y

8 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Y

9 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 N Y

10 4 4 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 N Y

11 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Y Y

12 4 3 5 5 5 4 4 3 5 4 5 Y Y

13 4 4 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 N Y

14 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 4 5 5 Y Y

15 4 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 Y Y

16 4 4 5 5 5 4 4 4 3 5 5 Y N

17 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 N Y

18 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 Y

19 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 3 5 N N

20 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Y Y

21 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 Y Y

22 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Y Y

23 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Y Y

24 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 3 5 Y Y

25 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 5 Y Y

26 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 N N

27 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 Y Y

Ave. rating 4.15 3.96 4.48 4.48 4.44 4.35 4.33 4.08 4.19 4.33 4.77

Table 5. Summary of participants evaluation of the training conducted in Ifugao.

Participant Questions

a b c d e f g h i

i. ii. iii. iv. v.

1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Y Y

2 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 4 4 4 N Y

3 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 Y Y

4 5 5 4 5 4 4 3 5 5 Y Y

5 4 4 5 5 5 4 4 4 3 4 5 Y

6 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Y Y

7 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 Y Y


8 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Y

9 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Y Y

10 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 Y Y

11 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 Y N

Ave. rating 4.20 3.89 4.27 4.36 4.45 4.09 4.18 3.91 3.91 4.18 4.40

For question h, the participants who answered that allotted time for each topic was

insufficient, they suggested the following:

From Benguet

Time allotment should depend on the topic

2 days

2 to 3 days

In the presentation, it should have a time limit because other presentations are time

consuming

More time for vulnerability index per barangay, per hazard, so to identify the barangay

most vulnerable per hazard

3 days

Additional of 30 minutes

2.5 hours

Half-day each

From Ifugao

More time is needed for training like this and for some topics

For question i, participants suggested the following to be include in the training:

From Benguet

Hands-on on GIS

It needs further study/assessment to over-all assessment/scenarios based on bio-

physical, socio-economic surveys conducted

More on orientational; “tools” should be allocated on time

Statistics

GIS

Socio-economic impact assessment, tools and criteria

From Ifugao

Hands-on training on GIS

On question j. Overall assessment of the training workshop

From Benguet


Well-done, just lack of time

Time was not enough. Topics are very important

Time was not enough

Words used should be simplified

Very informative and engaging

The training workshop is OK

GREAT!

The training is useful especially in the agriculture sector

The training is useful for this endeavor (climate change related hazard and vulnerability

assessment tools

Very relevant

This is a good start to come-up with over-all recommendation to LGUs capacity to adapt

to climate change

OK – speakers did their best – but could have also presented data gathered.

Participants equally did their best

Very good

Great po. It will be a great use for the vulnerability assessment of our barangays,

formally or informally

OK

Helpful to CC project assessment

Not as a trainor’s training since most of the participants are still familiarizing themselves

with basic concepts of CC

Very relevant topics

Excellent

Informative and useful

From Ifugao

Topics were useful guide for future CC activities

Target pax not met when wherein needed data from other pax were not completed

Good

Training was appropriate and timely to address future climate changes

All of us participants learned a lot about climate change and the topics are very

appropriate and important to us, especially to the farmers.

The training workshop is so much useful to the community

More trainings are needed

Very good

k. Other comments and suggestions

From Benguet

Handouts (for topics to be discussed) should be given before the lecture/discussion


More participants representing other offices

If possible, provide us hand-outs before the discussion for us to follow/understand

clearly the topics

Should be longer but on a staggered basis so that the speaker will explain the very

important topics slowly for better understanding

Provide individual participant with handouts of the lecture

The speaker should provide a handout of their topics

Should provide handouts

We needed more training, evaluation

If this is a trainors training, the participants should come from the municipal level and

should include the municipal engineer and the social welfare

Include political leaders since they approve funds for this matter

Please invite us on upcoming related training on CCA

It’s good to include other agencies and representative from the office of the provincial

agriculturist because we work hand in hand in this endeavor

The involvements of key stakeholders in trainings like this (DENR, MSWD, engineering,

politics, leaders, etc.)

Thanks and please consider sustainability of project i.e. vulnerable areas identified by

community vis-à-vis pre-determined sites

Provide at least some working books

Hands-on training/computer on GIS program

Eventually this will help or strengthen the LGUs in risk reduction

The politician be given IEC through the directories if the DILG will finance projects

Include other possible tools on vulnerability assessment

It seems this lack coordination. Barangays should be well-represented

This training should have been conducted before the implementation of the SPICACC

(Outcome 3.1)

Include us in the coming trainings

From Ifugao

Topics should be discussed with examples from local situations

Strengthen coordination with targets LGUs with regards to the schedule

Each topic should be conducted by different speakers

It should be conducted per municipality so that our municipal and barangay officials and

other concerned officers could join, especially those from far flung barangays.

ATI to handle the food not the IFSU

Some food that they served were not nutritious

For the facilities, there should be a functional comfort room inside or near the training

hall.

Improvement on the training venue

Increase in number of participants

More trainings like this


Appendices


Appendix Table 1. Training Programme for Benguet

Training of Trainors on Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Tools

December 6-8, 2010

Benguet State University

La Trinidad, Benguet

DATE/TIME TOPIC RESOURCE PERSON

Day 1 – Understanding Climate Change Science, Climate Change Scenario, Impacts Of Climate Change, Vulnerability And Impact Assessment Framework

8:00 – 9:00

OPENING PROGRAM Registration Opening Ceremonies

National Anthem Invocation Welcome/Opening remarks

Introduction of participants Training overview, expected outputs and evaluation methods

Secretariat Ms. Eunice Mendoza BSU President or Representative from BSU Ms. Eunice Mendoza Dr. J.O. Coladilla

9:00-10:00 Climate Change Science Dr. J.O. Coladilla

10:00-10:30 COFFEE BREAK AND PHOTO OPP

10:30-11:00 11:00-12:00

Climate Change Vulnerability Basic Concepts Philippine Climate Change Scenarios and its Impacts to Agriculture

Dr. J.O. Coladilla Dr. J.O. Coladilla

12:00 - 1:00 LUNCH BREAK

1:00 - 2:00 Climate Change Impacts in Cordillera Region Dr. J.O.Coladilla

2:00 – 3:00 FGD, KII and Formal Field Survey Outputs on CC Impacts in Benguet

Dr. Marissa Parao

3:00 – 3:15 COFFEE BREAK

3:15 – 5:00 Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Framework Dr. J.O. Coladilla

Day 2 – Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Methods/Tools

8:00-9:00 Proposed Community-Based Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment Tool for the Agriculture Sector of Benguet

Dr. J.N.M. Garcia

9:00-10:00 FGD, KII and FFS as tools for socio-economic characterization and vulnerability assessment to climate change impacts

Prof. Ruth S. Batani


11:00 – 12:00 Updated Socio-economic and Bio-physical Characteristics of Benguet

Dr. M. R. Parao

12:00 – 1:00 LUNCH BREAK

1:00 - 3:00 GIS Mapping as a Tool for Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment to Impacts of Climate Change

Dr. J.N. Garcia

3:00 -3:15 COFFEE BREAK

3:15 – 5:00 Exercises on timeline, historical, spot mapping and other approaches

Participants Dr. J.O. Coladilla and Ms. Eunice Mendoza (workshop facilitator)

Day 3 - Conduct of Vulnerability and Impact Assessment

8:00-12:00 Guided Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Exercise and Output Presentation


Appendix Table 2. Training Programme for Ifugao

Training of Trainors on Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Tools

November 10-12, 2010

Ifugao State University (IfSU)

Nayon, Lamut, Ifugao

DATE/TIME TOPIC RESOURCE PERSON

Day 1 – Understanding Climate Change Science, Climate Change Scenario, Impacts Of Climate Change, Vulnerability And Impact Assessment Framework

8:00 – 9:00

OPENING PROGRAM Registration Opening Ceremonies

National Anthem Invocation Welcome/Opening remarks

Introduction of participants Training overview, expected outputs and evaluation methods

Secretariat Mr. Romnick Baliton IfSU President or Representative from IfSU Mr. Romnick Baliton Dr. J.O. Coladilla

9:00-10:00 Climate Change Science Dr. J.O. Coladilla

10:00-10:30 COFFEE BREAK AND PHOTO OPP

10:30-11:00 11:00-12:00

Climate Change Vulnerability Basic Concepts Philippine Climate Change Scenarios and its Impacts to Agriculture

Dr. J.O. Coladilla Dr. J.O. Coladilla

12:00 - 1:00 LUNCH BREAK

1:00 - 2:00 Climate Change Impacts in Cordillera Region Dr. J.O.Coladilla

2:00 – 3:00 FGD, KII and Formal Field Survey Outputs on CC Impacts in Ifugao Dr. A. Wagan


3:15 – 5:00 Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Framework Dr. J.O. Coladilla

Day 2 – Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Methods/Tools

8:00-9:00 Proposed Community-Based Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment Tool for the Agriculture Sector of Ifugao

Dr. J.N.M. Garcia

9:00-10:00 FGD, KII and FFS as tools for socio-economic characterization and vulnerability assessment to climate change impacts

IfSU SPICACC/ Mr. Romnick

Baliton


11:00 – 12:00 Updated Socio-economic and Bio-physical Characteristics of Ifugao IfSU-SPICACC

12:00 – 1:00 LUNCH BREAK

1:00 - 3:00 GIS Mapping as a Tool for Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment to Impacts of Climate Change

Mr. Dante Vergara

3:00 -3:15 COFFEE BREAK

3:15 – 5:00 Exercises on timeline, historical, spot mapping and other approaches

Participants Dr. J.O. Coladilla and Mr. Romnick Baliton (workshop facilitator)

Day 3 - Conduct of Vulnerability and Impact Assessment

8:00-12:00 Guided Vulnerability and Impact Assessment Exercise and Output Presentation


Appendix Table 3 - List of Participants from Benguet

1

RAMON A. ANACIOCO Municipal Agricultural Officer Municipal Agricultural Office Sablan

11

MANUEL M. KEW-AN Agricultural Technician Municipal Agricultural Officer Sablan

2

DOMELSON F. BALANGEN RA-GIS Lab Volunteer BSU [email protected]

12

BELEN N. SACLA RIC President LANAS-RIC Loo Buguias

3

EUGENIO S. CALES Farmer Kayabang MPC 0930-5966556

13

CAMELO A. LICLIKED Farmer Leader Buguias

4

NICASIO S. BAUCAS RPCMT Member DA-RFU-CAR [email protected]

14

JERRENELIA N. SACLA RIC-Buguias

5

BERIONG K. AMCAY Brgy. Kagawad Paoay, Atok

15

VICTORIA M. ANTONIO RIC-Buguias Contact #: 0919-7682292

6

LORENZO C. ABUAN Farmer Municipal Agricultural Officer Sablan

16

LOLITA C. BEGANIO Agricultural Technologist OMAG-Atok

7

NICOMEDES L. CALIGING MPDC LGU Sablan, Benguet 0928-4712029 [email protected]

17

LEPAGO SALDY MAFC Paoay Atok 0920-8231064

8

FRANCISCO S. BINAYON MAO LGU-Tuba 0909-5224641

18

VALENTINO P. SMITH Brgy. Kagawad Paoay Atok

9

ELIZA Y. DOMINGUEZ PO II Contact #: 444-8255

19

FRED V. RUFINO MAO-Atok

10

IMELDA L. GEMINO Sr. Agriculturist RPCMT Member DA-RFU-CAR (076) 443-4621/445-232 [email protected]

20

TERTE A. VICENTE Brgy. Kagawad-Katubo Contact #: 0909-9253032

mailto:[email protected]





21

MARIA ISABEL B. ZABALA AO-RPCMT-CAR DA-RFU-CAR [email protected]

27

MATYLINE A. CAMFILI ISRD Staff Benguet State University Email: [email protected]

22

YOLANDA G. LINGBAWAN RPCMT Member DA RFU CAR 442-4399/443-4621 [email protected]

28

PEDRINA A. ELIAS PEO I LGU-Atok 0920-3455810

23

RUTH S. BATANI ISRD Benguet Stte University 422-1877 [email protected]

29

JOEL S. PACIO Farmer/Brgy. Kagawad Atok, Benguet

24

NOEL C. VILLA Agri II Asst. RPO-IPM DA-CAR 0917-5231811/300-5027 [email protected]

30

JONES T. NAPALDET Researcher ISRD [email protected]

25

RONY V. CARLOS Agricultural Technologist LGU-Sablan [email protected]

31

MARISSA PARAO SPICACC Study Leader CF, BSU (074)422 5305 [email protected]

26

HILARIA B. BADIVAL DA-CARFU [email protected]

32

LEON B. TANGUID Info System-GIS BSU [email protected]












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Appendix Table 4 – List of Participants from Ifugao

1

Rufino M. Gumuwang Agricultural Technologist Mayoyao

9

Maria B. Galeon Retired Teacher/Farmer Kiangan

2

Ronald D. Chug-e Agricultural Technologist LGU, Mayoyao

10

Anastacia D. Bahatan Agricultural Technologist Banaue

3

Marivic Navan Agricultural Technologist LGU, Banaue

11

Benita D. Bahni Farmer Leader Kiangan

4

Aida Paganaje Agricultural Technologist LGU, Banaue

12

Adriana P. Buhong Agricultural Technologist LGU, Kiangan

5

Myrna Liwongan OIC-LGU Banaue

13

Yolanda T. Humiwat LWG (MA-Designate) Kiangan

6

Paulo Pinigat Agricultural Technologist MLGU, Kiangan

14

Mr. Jessie Cedro Farmer Leader LGU Banaue

7

Romeo Bulahao LWG/Barangay Official Kiangan

15

Mable Sawey Admin Aide SPICACC Project IFSU-Alfonso Lista

8

Henry B. Codamon LWG/ Barangay Captain Kiangan


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Appendix Topic1: Introduction


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Appendix Topic 2: Climate Change Science: Basic Meteorology and

Climatology Concepts

by

Dr. Jesusita O. Coladilla

Objectives At the end of this Chapter, participants should be able to: 1. Understand the basic science of climate change. 2. Assess their level of awareness with regards to the

issues related to climate change

Topical Outline I. Introduction II. What is Climate Change and its Causes? III. Definition of Terms IV. Observational Evidences V. Climate Change Impacts VI. Summary VII. Concluding Remarks and Take Home Messages

Approaches One PowerPoint Presentation, questions and answers, brief exercise

About the Topic

Dr. Jesusita O. Coladilla started her presentation with some pictures depicting the

aftermath of different environmental conditions. Starting off from these, she then defined terms

such as weather, climate, climate change, global warming, and greenhouse gases. Sources of

greenhouse gases were identified as well as the consequences of its concentration in the

atmosphere. After the lecture, she conducted a survey to assess the participants’ level of

awareness regarding with the issues related to climate change.


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Appendix Topic 3: Climate Change Vulnerability Basic Concepts

by


Objectives At the end of the chapter, the participants should be able to:

1. Articulate concepts of climate change vulnerability in the context of agriculture

2. Differentiate some methods and tools used for assessing vulnerabilities of local communities to climate change

3. Conduct a simple vulnerability assessment using a participatory method

Topical Outlines I. Introduction II. Concepts of Vulnerability III. Methods and Tools for Assessing the Community

Vulnerability to Climate Change IV. Some Examples of Conducting Community Vulnerability

Assessment V. Concluding Remarks and Take Home Messages

Approach One PowerPoint Presentation, questions and answers

About the Topic

Dr. Jesusita O. Coladilla defined key terminologies of climate change such as Impacts,

vulnerability, adaptation, mitigation, risk, hazards, shock, variability, trend, exposure, sensitivity,

adaptive, and capacity. Also, the basic concepts of climate change vulnerability in the context of

agriculture were described. The methods and tools used for assessing vulnerabilities of local

communities to climate change were also differentiated for further understanding. Examples of

how to conduct community vulnerability assessment were then identified. To finish the lecture,

Dr. Coladilla gave take home messages that were helpful for the participants.


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Appendix Topic 4 Philippine Climate Change Scenarios and its

Impacts to Agriculture

by


Objectives 1. To familiarize the participants with the basic concepts of Climate Change scenarios both in the international and national settings; and

2. To give the participants the implications of the Philippine climate change scenarios

Topical Outline I. Definition of Terms II. Observed Changes in the Philippine’s Climate

A. Increased in Temperature B. Observed Rainfall Trends C. Frequency and Intensity of Extreme Events D. Sea Level Rise

III. Projected Climate Changes in the Philippines

A. Projected Increase in Temperature B. Rainfall trends C. Frequency and Intensity of Extreme Events D. Sea Level Rise

IV. Implications to Agriculture V. Summary and Concluding Remarks

Approach One PowerPoint Presentation based on IPCC Assessment Report, One Case Study Presentation, questions and answers

About the Topic

Dr. Jesusita O. Coladilla introduced to the participants the different climate change

scenarios and their consequences such as changes in temperature (changes in land surface

temperature, changes in sea surface temperature), variation in rainfall, and ice melting and sea

level rise. Climate change scenarios in both international and national settings were shown to

familiarize the participants. The lecture focused more on the vulnerability of the Philippines to

the impacts of climate change. Different key impacts were identified. Then, the implications of

these impacts were discussed.


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Appendix Topc 5: Impacts Of Climate Change In Benguet And Ifugao

by:

UPLBFI-SPICACC Project

Objective At the end of this chapter, the participants should be able to: 1. Determine the observed climate variability; 2. Identify the impacts of the observed climate variability; and 3. Determine the responses.

Topical Outline I. Introduction

II. Methods

Focused Group Discussion

Key Informant Interview

III. Observed Climate Variability

IV. Observed Impacts of Climate Variability

V. Responses to the Observed Impacts of Climate Change

VI. Summary and Key Messages

Approach PowerPoint Presentation


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Appendix Topic 6: V&A Assessment Approaches, Framework, Tools

and Methods: An Overview

by:


Objective At the end of this chapter, the participants should be able to: 1. Familiarize and understand the different methods, tools

and approaches in assessing the vulnerability of agriculture sector to climate change

2. Familiarize with some of the examples of Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment using the methods, tools and approaches presented

3. Conduct a simple exercise using the V&A Assessment methods, tools and approaches presented

Topical Outline I. Introduction II. Definition of Terms III. Watershed Approach for Assessing Vulnerability of

Agriculture to Climate Change

Approach PowerPoint presentation based on FGD and KII results.

About the Topic

An overview regarding the different vulnerability and adaptation assessment

approaches, framework, tools, and methods was discussed. Different terms were defined for the

participants to better understand the concepts. Examples were also given. A simple exercise

about V and A assessment was answered by the participants to evaluate their learning about

the matter.


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Appendix Topic 8: BENGUET WOMEN AND CLIMATE CHANGE

by:

Dr. Ruth S. Batani

Objective By the end of this chapter, the participants should be able to determine the effects of climate change to women, particularly with livelihood, health, and workload.

Topical Outline I. Introduction II. Profile III. In Context with Climate Change IV. Care Economy V. Health and Well-being Risks VI. Conclusion

Approach PowerPoint presentation

About the topic:

Dr. Ruth S. Batani presented the results of the study they conducted regarding gender

characteristics and climate change. Here, the effects of climate change to women with respect

to livelihood, workload, and health.


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Appendix Topic 8: Biophysical Characterization and Socio-Economic Characteristics of Benguet: In Relations to Vulnerability and Adaptation Capacity Assessment

commissioned to

Benguet State University

CLIMATE CHANGE PROGRAM

Objective At the end of this chapter, the participants should be able to: 1. Determine the biophysical characterization of Benguet Province; 2. Determine the socio-economic profiling of the respondents; and 3. Determine the coping and/or mitigating mechanisms employed by the communities to climate change.

Topical Outline I. Introduction II. Methodology III. Biophysical Characterization IV. Some Climate Change Indicators V. Climate Related Hazards VI. Agriculture

Approach PowerPoint Presentation

About the Topic:

Dr. Marissa Parao of BSU, discussed the results of the study conducted by SPICACC-

BSU group. The objectives, methodology, result, and recommendations were presented. The

bio-physical characteristics of the study areas with respect to hydrometeorology, land use,

slope, topography and past community hazards, and soil characterization were identified.


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Appendix Topic 9: FGD, KII and Formal Field Survey Outputs on

Climate Change Impacts in Ifugao

by:

Mr. Romnick S. Baliton

Objectives This will cover the results of FGD, KII and FFS conducted in Ifugao on Vulnerability assessment tools but will focus on identified impacts of Climate Change in Ifugao in general. This will serve as venue for validation of output with the community

Topical Outline I. Introduction

II. Methodologies

A. Focus Group Discussion

B. Key Informant Interview

C. Formal Field Survey

III. Outputs of Impact Assessment in Ifugao

IV. Take Home Messages

Approach One PowerPoint presentation on the results of FGD and KII on climate change impacts assessment in Ifugao. Questions and answers

About the Topic

Mr. Romnick Baliton discussed and elaborated the different methodologies used in

assessing the impact of climate change. These methodologies are focus group discussion

(FGD), key informant interview (KII), and formal field survey (FFS). Also, the results of these

assessments were presented.


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Appendix Topic 10: Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment

Tool of the Agricultural Sectors to Climate Change

by:

Dr. Jose Nestor M. Garcia

Topical Outline:

Objective At the end of this lesson, the participants should be able to: 1. Define and understand vulnerability and adaptive

capacity; 2. Identify the steps in assessing vulnerability and

adaptive capacity assessment; and 3. Assess their municipality using the steps.

Topical Outline I. Introduction II. What is Climate Change III. Vulnerability to Climate Change IV. Adaptive Capacity V. Framework for Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment VI. Procedure in Assessing Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Assessment

Approach PowerPoint Presentation, questions and answers, brief exercise

About the Topic:

Dr. Jose Nestor Garcia discussed vulnerability to climate change and adaptive capacity.

He discussed the framework in assessing the vulnerability and adaptive capacity of a given

area. The steps of the procedure were discussed. After the discussion, the participants were

given a group exercise.


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Appendix Topic 11: GIS Mapping as a Tool for Vulnerability and

Adaptation Assessment of Agriculture

Presented by:

Dr. Jose Nestor Garcia

Objective At the end of this lesson, the participants should be able to: 1. Appreciate and understand the concepts and principles

of GIS as tool for vulnerability and adaptation assessment in agriculture.

2. Understand the use of Global Positioning System (GPS), Remote Sensing (RS) and systems modeling as GIS allied in mapping.

3. Understand the data requirements for assessing the vulnerability of agriculture sector

4. Perform a simple GIS overlay procedure to generate insights on vulnerable population and resources

Topical Outline I. Introduction to GIS as a technology and as a science II. GIS Allied Technologies

A. Global Positioning System B. Remote Sensing C. Cartographic and Dynamic Systems Modeling

III. GIS and its application to agriculture IV. Data, information and databases for vulnerability

assessment V. Conducting a GIS Mapping: Some Examples VI. Summary and Conclusion

Approach PowerPoint presentation, question and answer and group exercise

About the Topic

Dr. Nestor Garcia presented the materials prepared by Mr. Dante Vergara. He discussed

first the GIS as a technology and a science. He identified the different GIS allied technologies.

These are global positioning system, remote sensing, and cartographic and dynamic systems

modeling. Then he related GIS and its use to agriculture. Data and information gathered were

used in assessing the vulnerability of an area to climate change impacts.


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Appendix Evaluation: Pre and Post assessment form for the level of awareness

of participants on CC.

Name: ________________________________ Email address/es: _______________________________ Age: _________ Gender: ______ Academic background : High School ____________________

BS ____________________________ Postgraduate (if any) : MS/Diploma_____________________

PhD ____________________________ Position/Duty station: _________________________________ Length of Service in position: ________ Field/Sector specialization: ___________________________________________________ Other relevant affiliations: ______________________________________________________________ GENERAL 1) How and when were you introduced to the issue of climate change? ________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

i. Pre-training evaluation Results of the Participants’ Level of Knowledge and

Awareness on Climate Change

Results of pre-training evaluation below shows that participants have high level of climate change awareness and they gained it from several form of information dissemination e.g training, leaflets, seminars and others. GENERAL

1. How and when were you introduced to the issue of climate change?

2008 training

During my post-graduate years, part of curriculum discussions

A representative from BENECO lectured on the effects of global warming

cuase by climate change in one of the sessions of the Liga ng mga

Barangays (2009)

During the league of local planning and development coordination of the

Philippines. During consultation of MDRR with other NGO

Information dissemination

Information dissemination to our barangay

Through the barangay and other association of farmers

In an Information Dissemination 2010

Through information campaigns and seminars

Through observations since 1960 up to the present

Seminars and workshops


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I attended the seminar and workshop on climate change. I am one of the

respondent environmentalists from BSU (2010)

Forum, News

In 2009, when included in RPCMT

2010 SPICACC workshop, 2010 UP Baguio Training, and NGO

work/activities

I read in the issue of awake magazine regarding global warming 2 years

ago. And I attended several trainings/IEC on climate change conducted

by SPICACC this year and a seminar conducted by PAGASA

3 years ago, through readings and news

DRR/CCA with NEDA-CAR and SPICACC

2009, through mass media, for a, and seminars

The table below shows the consolidated rating of participants of their level of

awareness on the climate change before the training (with 5 being the highest and

1 the lowest). Results shows that the average level of awareness on climate

change and climate change issues is relatively high while their knowledge on

vulnerability and vulnerability assessment tools is relatively low though not very

low.

Participant Question

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

1 4 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 4

2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 1 4 5 4

3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 3 3

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 5 4

5 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 3

6 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 3

7 5 4 4 2 3 3 2 - 3 3 4 - -

8 3 3 - 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 2

9 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 2 3 2 4 2

10 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 3 2

11 4 3 3 4 4 4 3 2 2 3 3 4 4

12 3 3 3 4 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 4 3

13 4 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 4 5 4

14 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 2 2 2 3 5 3

15 2 2 2 2 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 5 2

16 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 3 3

17 3 3 3 4 3 4 2 1 1 1 5 5 2

18 3 3 3 4 3 4 2 1 1 1 5 5 2

19 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 5 1

20 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 -

21 3 3 3 3 - 4 3 3 3 3 1 4 2

22 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 1 4 2

23 4 3 2 4 3 - 4 4 3 2 2 5 3

24 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 5 2

25 2 4 4 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 5 3

2. Do you have any plan to address the currently observed problems related to

weather and climate? If yes, how?

Design research or vulnerability/hazard mapping


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Yes, understanding better the concept of CWK and its application to climate

change vulnerability adaptation tools, formulation, disseminating messages,

implementation, policies, and laws formulation, basis, etc.

Yes, reforestation of denuded/idle forest lands and private lands. Implementation

of RA 9003 at municipal level down to barangay

Yes, by information, education, communication to our constituents on the CCT

Consult to government agencies

Through concerted community efforts and information dissemination

To transact all good measures regarding the climate change problems

Waste management, reforestation, organic farming

Advocate mainstreaming of programs/projects of DA to address climate change

Yes, by educating the 4H Club, farmer groups, and some other stakeholders on

the issue of climate change. The cause and effect, adaptation and mitigation

measures that the stakeholder could contribute for the climate change issue

Yes, DA-CAR is a co-implementer of SPICACC

My farm activities are being adapted vis-à-vis climate change. To be a partner

with all agencies, NGO, to address the problem

ii. Post-test Results of the Participants’ Level of Knowledge and Awareness on

Climate Change

GENERAL 1. How and when were you introduced to the issue of climate change?

Subject on undergrad 2nd year

Information dissemination to our barangay

During seminar about climate change

To conduct meeting

IEC conducted by BENECO during the meeting of the liga ng barangay in

2009

Seminar and information drive

I was introduced on the issue of climate change through readings of

magazine, moreover, during the series seminar conducted by SPICACC and

under the AGRI-PINOY program of DA.

Orientation seminars done by SPICACC and coordinated with SPICACC

SPICACC Training

Through seminars and others information related to climate change

During the introduction of SPICACC project

Seminar-workshop conducted in the province of Benguet and the DENR-

CAR, this CY 2010

2009- mass media, seminars

Involvement SPICACC

In 2006 – forums with NGO dev’t workers


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The table below shows the consolidated rating of participants of their level of

awareness on the climate change after the training (with 5 being the highest and 1

the lowest). Results show that both the average level of awareness on climate

change, climate change issues and their knowledge on vulnerability and

vulnerability assessment tools has increased after the training.

Participant Question

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

1 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 3

2 3 3 4 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 3

3 5 5 4 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 4

4 5 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 5

5 5 4 5 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 5

6 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 2 2 5 4

7 3 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3

8 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 3

9 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 4 4

10 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3

11 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 2

12 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

13 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 1 4 4

14 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

15 4 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 3

16 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 4

17 4 4 4 5 5 5 4 4 3 4 4 3

18 5 4 5 5 5 4 5 4 5 5 4 4 4

19 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 3 4 3

20 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3

21 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 4 3

22 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

23 4 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 4

24 4 3 3 4 3 3 2 1 1 3 3 4 3

25 4 3 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 3

26 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 5 5 4 5 5

27 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5

2. Do you have any plan to address the currently observed problems related to weather and

climate? If yes, how?

Yes, join in the initiative on climate change addressing activities and programs

yes, implementation of RA 9003 identification of vulnerable areas

inform/ awareness of the training sector regarding weather and climate

yes, in order to give knowledge to our constituents

implementation of RA 9003. identification of vulnerable areas and initiate adaptive measures

to have a dialogue with leaders about mitigating measures to be acted upon or to be done

yes, by continuing information education campaign to group of 4H club, farmers, and RIC. To promote organic agriculture in the locality


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to enforce the awareness of vulnerable regarding climate related to hazards, typhoons, drought, etc.

yes, being a member of MPRDC will impact knowledge learned in this seminar

yes, planting of resistant varieties and other recommended strategies learned

yes, dissemination, mitigation, and adaptation practices

yes, personally I will strengthen my activities on organic agriculture and promote, participate in activities related to environment – our ailing environment

IEC

involvement in activites

through research and information education campaign work

back to natural farming/organic farming technology and policy implementation

use CWR in planning and management


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Photo

Documentations


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Photo-documentation for Ifugao

Lectures and Workshops

Presentations

Sample Outputs from Ifugao


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Photo-documentation for Benguet

Registration and Lectures

Workshop and output presentation


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Workshop and output presentation

Component 3A

Documents

Transcript of Component 3A