Complex Patterns of Inheritance
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Transcript of Complex Patterns of Inheritance
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COMPLEX PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE
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Incomplete Dominance One allele does not
over shadow the other, they mix together
Use RR, R’R, R’R’ Ex. Carnations
A red carnation mated with a white carnation makes a pink carnation.
Ex. Snapdragons
Ex. Carnations
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Cross a red snapdragon with a pink snapdragon:
Phenotypic Ratio:
Genotypic Ratio:
Parental Genotypes:
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Cross a red snapdragon with a white snapdragon:
Phenotypic Ratio:
Genotypic Ratio:
Parental Genotypes:
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Co-Dominance Both alleles are
expressed equally. One allele does not over shadow the other.
Use HRHR HRHW HWHW
Ex. Roan Cattle Red and white hairs
are present Ex. Some flowers
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Cross a roan cow with a roan bull
Phenotypic Ratio:
Genotypic Ratio:
Parental Genotypes:
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Sex Linked Traits that are carried on the
X chromosome Females need 2 recessive
copies of the allele to express the trait, if they receive one they are a carrier.
Males only need one copy of the allele to express the trait, this is why sex linked traits are more prevalent in males.
Use X and Y chromosomes with the allele as a subscript to represent the trait
Normal Female XAXA
Carrier Female XAXa
Affected Female XaXa
Normal Male XAY
Affected Male XaY
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Cross a carrier female with a normal male
Phenotypic Ratio:
Genotypic Ratio:
Parental Genotypes:
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Multiple Alleles & Co-dominance In humans blood type is
controlled by 3 alleles A, B, O
A & B are co-dominant – O is recessive
Type O: OO or ii Type A:
AA / IAIA (homozygous) AO / IAi (heterozygous)
Type B: BB / IBIB (homozygous) BO / IBi (heterozygous)
Type AB AB / IAIB
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Blood TypeBlood Type That Can Be
Received
Type of Antigens Present
Type of Antibodies Produced
A ( IA ) A and O A antigens B antibodies
B ( IB ) B and O B antigens A antibodies
O ( i )Universal
DonorOnly O No antigens A and B
antibodies
AB ( IAIB ) Universal Recipient
All types A and B antigens No antibodies
Blood Types
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Multiple Alleles Traits that are
controlled by one gene with several different alleles. Ex. Coat color in
Labs is controlled by 4 different alleles, 5 coat colors are possible.
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Polygenic Traits Traits that are
carried on more than one gene.
Exs: hair color, skin color, height.
A a C cB b