Complex-Dynamic Cosmology and Emergent World Structure Causally complete understanding of truly...
Transcript of Complex-Dynamic Cosmology and Emergent World Structure Causally complete understanding of truly...
Complex-Dynamic Cosmology Complex-Dynamic Cosmology and Emergent World Structure and Emergent World Structure
Causally completeCausally complete understanding of understanding of truly autonomous truly autonomous universe structure formationuniverse structure formation and resulting world propertiesand resulting world propertieswithout mysterieswithout mysteries by the by the universal universal concept of complexityconcept of complexity
[1] A.P. Kirilyuk, Universal Concept of Complexity by the Dynamic Redundance Paradigm: Causal Randomness, Complete Wave Mechanics, and the Ultimate Unification of Knowledge (Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 1997), in English, 550 p. Nontechnical review: physics/9806002.[2] A.P. Kirilyuk, “Universal gravitation as a complex-dynamical process, renormalised Planckian units, and the spectrum of elementary particles”, gr-qc/9906077. Also quant-ph/9902015, quant-ph/9902016.[3] A.P. Kirilyuk, “Quantum Field Mechanics: Complex-Dynamical Completion of Fundamental Physics and Its Experimental Implications”, physics/0401164.[4] A.P. Kirilyuk, “Consistent Cosmology, Dynamic Relativity and Causal Quantum Mechanics as Unified Manifestations of the Symmetry of Complexity”, physics/0601140.
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0510240http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0510240
AANDREINDREI K KIRILYUK, Institute of Metal Physics (Kiev)IRILYUK, Institute of Metal Physics (Kiev)http://UnifiedComplexity.googlepages.comhttp://UnifiedComplexity.googlepages.com
Universal Science of Complexity
Cosmos
Nano
ICT
Bio
Unreduced Unreduced InteractionInteraction
Dynamic ComplexityDynamic Complexity
http://arxiv.org/find/quant-ph,gr-qc,physics/1/au:+Kirilyuk/0/1/0/all/0/1http://arxiv.org/find/quant-ph,gr-qc,physics/1/au:+Kirilyuk/0/1/0/all/0/1
Brain
• Can Can realreal, higher-complexity system , higher-complexity system dynamics be understood at the dynamics be understood at the level of level of rigourrigour of Newtonian science?of Newtonian science?
• The problem of The problem of unreducedunreduced many-body many-body interaction interaction ((unsolvedunsolved in Newtonian science) in Newtonian science)
• The unique possibility for a new progress of The unique possibility for a new progress of fundamental sciencefundamental science (otherwise “ending”) (otherwise “ending”)
• Universal Science of ComplexityUniversal Science of Complexity
Escaping Escaping ComplexityComplexity
http://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&hl=en&vid=ISBN9660001169&id=V1cmKSRM3EIChttp://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&hl=en&vid=ISBN9660001169&id=V1cmKSRM3EIC
Scheme of complex-dynamical universe structure:Scheme of complex-dynamical universe structure:two interacting, omnipresent protofields give rise to all particles and fieldstwo interacting, omnipresent protofields give rise to all particles and fields
Quantum Field MechanicsQuantum Field Mechanics
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0401164http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0401164
Gravitational Protofield (Medium)(“heavy” and “dissipative”)
electron(lepton)
quark(hadron)
photonuniform
attraction
Electromagnetic Protofield(“light” and “elastic”)
Completion of the unreduced “double solution” of Louis de BroglieCompletion of the unreduced “double solution” of Louis de Broglie
COMPLEX-DYNAMICAL UNIVERSECOMPLEX-DYNAMICAL UNIVERSE
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0601140http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0601140
Physically realPhysically real origin, structure and dynamics origin, structure and dynamics of elementary particles and fields (quantum beat)of elementary particles and fields (quantum beat)
Causally completeCausally complete solution of “mysteries”: solution of “mysteries”: unreduced interaction complexityunreduced interaction complexity accounts for accounts for unifiedunified “quantum” and “relativistic” properties “quantum” and “relativistic” properties
UnificationUnification:: quantum, relativity, gravity, forces, quantum, relativity, gravity, forces, particles, properties, laws particles, properties, laws symmetry of complexitysymmetry of complexity
Intrinsic emergenceIntrinsic emergence:: self-tuningself-tuning, tangible universe, tangible universe in development in development no dark matter/energy problemsno dark matter/energy problems
Practical implicationsPractical implications:: no abstract, fictitious entities no abstract, fictitious entities (Higgs, hidden dimensions, super-symmetry, etc.),(Higgs, hidden dimensions, super-symmetry, etc.), causal sufficiencycausal sufficiency of existing species & properties of existing species & properties
REAL WORLD EXPLAINED AS IT IS, NOT A “MODEL”REAL WORLD EXPLAINED AS IT IS, NOT A “MODEL”
NEW KIND OF SCIENCENEW KIND OF SCIENCECausally Complete, Ultimate Extension of Usual Causally Complete, Ultimate Extension of Usual
ScienceScience
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/9806002http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/9806002
Postulates and mysteries of “classical”, NewtonianPostulates and mysteries of “classical”, Newtonian science are causally explained, derived and solvedscience are causally explained, derived and solved
Unified, complex-dynamic origin of time, space, mass,Unified, complex-dynamic origin of time, space, mass,energy, forces, motion equations, etc.energy, forces, motion equations, etc.
Postulates and mysteries of “new physics” arePostulates and mysteries of “new physics” are causally, realistically explained, derived and solvedcausally, realistically explained, derived and solved
Unified, complex-dynamic origin of quanta and relativityUnified, complex-dynamic origin of quanta and relativity
All results are extendible without limits to higherAll results are extendible without limits to higher complexity levels: complexity levels: exactexact natural science, humanities natural science, humanities
Theoretic biology, brain science, intelligence, consciousness,Theoretic biology, brain science, intelligence, consciousness,sociology, development, ethics, aesthetics, spirituality, etc.sociology, development, ethics, aesthetics, spirituality, etc.
INTRINSICALLY UNIFIED, “INTERDISCIPLINARY” KNOWLEDGEINTRINSICALLY UNIFIED, “INTERDISCIPLINARY” KNOWLEDGE
Scheme of complex-dynamical universe structure:Scheme of complex-dynamical universe structure:two interacting, omnipresent protofields give rise to all particles and fieldstwo interacting, omnipresent protofields give rise to all particles and fields
Quantum Field MechanicsQuantum Field Mechanics
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0401164http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0401164
Gravitational Protofield (Medium)(“heavy” and “dissipative”)
electron(lepton)
quark(hadron)
photonuniform
attraction
Electromagnetic Protofield(“light” and “elastic”)
Completion of the unreduced “double solution” of Louis de BroglieCompletion of the unreduced “double solution” of Louis de Broglie
Scheme of complex-dynamical universe structure:Scheme of complex-dynamical universe structure:two interacting, omnipresent protofields give rise to all particles and fieldstwo interacting, omnipresent protofields give rise to all particles and fields
Quantum Field MechanicsQuantum Field Mechanics
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0401164http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0401164
Gravitational Protofield (Medium)(“heavy” and “dissipative”)
uniformattraction
Electromagnetic Protofield(“light” and “elastic”)
Completion of the unreduced “double solution” of Louis de BroglieCompletion of the unreduced “double solution” of Louis de Broglie
Unreduced Interaction Unreduced Interaction DynamicsDynamics
Interaction in initially homogeneous, Interaction in initially homogeneous, simplestsimplest protofield system: protofield system:
In terms of degrees of freedom of e/m protofield:In terms of degrees of freedom of e/m protofield:
,
Usual perturbative (mean-field) approximations:Usual perturbative (mean-field) approximations:
0 0,nn n n n n n nn
n
h V V V V V
g e, , ,h V q h q Ψ q EΨ q
, n n
n
Ψ q q e n n nh q q q
g
nn n nn n n n
n n
h V V
Unreduced general solution Unreduced general solution of the same problem:of the same problem:
wherewhere are solutions of the are solutions of the effective potential (EP)effective potential (EP) equationequation
2 2
1
, , , , , ,r r r
r
N
Q Ψ Q Q Q Ψ Q
0 00 0
0 00
0
*
,
,
rn ni ni n i
r rr i i
ri ni n
n i
Q d V
Ψ Q c Q
i
0{ , }r r
i i
0 0 0 0eff ;h V
0 00 0 0
0 00 00
0
eff
*
,
;
rn ni ni n i
r r ri i i
ri ni n
n i
V d V
V V
effElementary length time action r
ix t x c V t A
Arbitrary many-body interaction process:Arbitrary many-body interaction process:
or
The unreduced (nonperturbative) general solution is always The unreduced (nonperturbative) general solution is always
probabilisticprobabilistic(phenomenon of (phenomenon of dynamic multivaluednessdynamic multivaluedness = = intrinsic intrinsic
chaoticitychaoticity):):
Dynamically determined probabilityDynamically determined probability
1 2,
0
, , ,..., N
N N
k k kl k lk l k
h q V q q Ψ Q EΨ Q Q q q q
0,0 01
, , , ,N N
k k k k kl k lk l k
h h q V q V q q Ψ Q EΨ Q q
1
, ,r
r
N
Q Q
1rrr
r
NN
Multivalued Dynamics of Unreduced Multivalued Dynamics of Unreduced InteractionInteraction
Unreduced Interaction: Dynamic Multivaluedness Unreduced Interaction: Dynamic Multivaluedness
(Chaos)(Chaos)
First object
Second object
INTERACTIONINTERACTION
N pointsN points ((modesmodes))
N pointsN points ((modesmodes))
combinations combinations of mode entanglementof mode entanglement
(N N) ×
((aa11,,aa22,,aa33,,bb11,,bb22,etc.),etc.)
N-fold redundanceN-fold redundance
a
b
c
1
2
3
a3
b3
c3
a2
b2
c2
a1
b1
c1
First Second Third
Dynamically redundant interaction result:
incompatiblesystem realisations
PermanentPermanent realisation changerealisation change in in causally (dynamically) randomcausally (dynamically) random order order
Scheme of complex-dynamical universe structure:Scheme of complex-dynamical universe structure:two interacting, omnipresent protofields give rise to all particles and fieldstwo interacting, omnipresent protofields give rise to all particles and fields
Quantum Field MechanicsQuantum Field Mechanics
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0401164http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0401164
Gravitational Protofield (Medium)(“heavy” and “dissipative”)
uniformattraction
Electromagnetic Protofield(“light” and “elastic”)
Completion of the unreduced “double solution” of Louis de BroglieCompletion of the unreduced “double solution” of Louis de Broglie
Scheme of complex-dynamical universe structure:Scheme of complex-dynamical universe structure:two interacting, omnipresent protofields give rise to all particles and fieldstwo interacting, omnipresent protofields give rise to all particles and fields
Quantum Field MechanicsQuantum Field Mechanics
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0401164http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0401164
Gravitational Protofield (Medium)(“heavy” and “dissipative”)
electron(lepton)
quark(hadron)
photonuniform
attraction
Electromagnetic Protofield(“light” and “elastic”)
Completion of the unreduced “double solution” of Louis de BroglieCompletion of the unreduced “double solution” of Louis de Broglie
Emerging, Physically Real Time and Emerging, Physically Real Time and SpaceSpace
A
Dynamic Dynamic multivaluednessmultivaluedness TimeTime is is realisation changerealisation change process processIt is driven by It is driven by majormajor system system interactioninteraction UnceasingUnceasing time time flowflow
Realisations emerge in Realisations emerge in causally randomcausally random order order Time flow Time flow irreversibilityirreversibility
SpaceSpace is is permanently producedpermanently produced by by emergingemerging realisation structure realisation structure
Space elementSpace element is realisation (eigenvalue) spacing: is realisation (eigenvalue) spacing: xx = = ii Time periodTime period is realisation change duration: is realisation change duration: tt = = x/cx/c
Number of Number of space dimensionsspace dimensions = (global) = (global) realisation numberrealisation number = == number of interaction entities (= 3 for basic physical space)= number of interaction entities (= 3 for basic physical space)
Multilevel hierarchyMultilevel hierarchy of space and time: of space and time:dynamically quantiseddynamically quantised space and space and causally relativisticcausally relativistic time time
at at eacheach level of (complex-dynamic) world structure level of (complex-dynamic) world structure““internal”, relativistic time flow for internal”, relativistic time flow for eacheach system system
Dynamically probabilistic fractalDynamically probabilistic fractal
Unreduced general solutionUnreduced general solution of a problem: of a problem:
are solutions of a truncated problem:are solutions of a truncated problem:
treated by the same generalised EP method:treated by the same generalised EP method:
2 2
1
, , , , , ,r r r
r
N
Q Ψ Q Q Q Ψ Q
0 00 0
0 00
0
*
,
,
rn ni ni n i
r rr i i
ri ni n
n i
Q d V
Ψ Q c Q
i
0 nn n nn n n n
n n
h V V
0 eff ;nn n n nh V
Dynamically probabilistic fractalDynamically probabilistic fractal
Unreduced EP of the second levelUnreduced EP of the second level
describes second-level splitting into incompatible describes second-level splitting into incompatible realisationsrealisations
The The unreduced general solutionunreduced general solution is the is the dynamically probabilistic dynamically probabilistic
fractalfractal::
with with dynamic entanglementdynamic entanglement ( (,,QQ)) and and dynamic dynamic
probabilitiesprobabilities::
0 0
00 0
eff
*
,
;
n n
n
nn n i n i n n n
nn n nn n
n n i n n
n n i
V d V
V V
... exp ... ...
, , ... , , ...
, , , , ,rr r rr r rr r
r r r r r r
N N
Q Q Q Q
...... ...
...
, 1rr rrr r rr r
rr r
N
N
Complex-Dynamic Interaction Network Complex-Dynamic Interaction Network PropertiesProperties
N
N
Huge efficiency growthHuge efficiency growth of of dynamicallydynamically chaotic ( chaotic (multivaluedmultivalued) networks:) networks:Chaotic network efficiency is determined by the number of all combinations of
links
where the number of links N is very large itselfUnitary (regular) dynamic efficiency grows only as .
The huge advantage in efficiency expresses intrinsic creativity/adaptability
of the unreduced complex dynamics obtained at the expense of its chaoticity
INTELLIGENCE, CONSCIOUSNESS, AUTONOMIC COMMUNICATIONINTELLIGENCE, CONSCIOUSNESS, AUTONOMIC COMMUNICATION
Particular aspects and applicationsParticular aspects and applications
N
! 2π ( ) (unreduced dynamic complexity)N NN N N e N C
(1) Knowledge-based structureKnowledge-based structure of intelligent communication networks(2) Holistic, two-layer dynamics of advancedadvanced intelligent network (“superbrain”) Complex-dynamic meaning of Complex-dynamic meaning of truetrue intelligence/consciousness intelligence/consciousness (physics/0409140)
(3) Intelligent network and its users automatically become more intelligent Intrinsically suited to complex-dynamic problem solution Intrinsically suited to complex-dynamic problem solution revolution of complexityrevolution of complexity
(4) Universal symmetry/development of complexityUniversal symmetry/development of complexity: unified guiding principle Transformation of Transformation of dynamic informationdynamic information (“interaction potential”) into (“interaction potential”) into dynamic entropydynamic entropy
Unreduced Interaction Unreduced Interaction ComplexityComplexity
wherewhere is the (dynamically derived) is the (dynamically derived) system realisation system realisation
numbernumber
for example:for example:
with the with the dynamically determined probabilitydynamically determined probability
, 0, 1 0dC
C C N CdN
1
, ,r
r
N
Q Q
1rrr
r
NN
N
0 0ln , 1 , etc.C C N C C N
Universal dynamic complexity Universal dynamic complexity includesincludes intrinsic intrinsic chaoticitychaoticity
due to the due to the dynamically probabilisticdynamically probabilistic problem problem solution:solution:
UNIVERSAL DEFINITION OF DYNAMIC (INTERACTION) UNIVERSAL DEFINITION OF DYNAMIC (INTERACTION)
COMPLEXITY:COMPLEXITY:
Unreduced Complexity Unreduced Complexity MeasuresMeasures
A
Two universal, Two universal, emergingemerging forms of complexity, forms of complexity, spacespace andand timetime
Generalised Generalised actionaction is the simplest combination of space & is the simplest combination of space & time:time:
is a universal is a universal integralintegral complexity measurecomplexity measure
DifferentialDifferential complexity measures:complexity measures:
momentummomentum ((spatialspatial rate of realisation emergence)rate of realisation emergence)
energyenergy//mass mass ,, at rest: at rest: ((temporaltemporal rate of realisation emergence)rate of realisation emergence)
Dispersion relationDispersion relation:: causal causal relativityrelativity
0 0 , , rr ix t x c v v
p x E t A
pdx N A
consttpx x
A A
constxEt t
A A
2 20
, =x
p E E mtc
v vv v
v
20 0 0
0
hE h m c
t
A
A
Particle: Spatially Chaotic Quantum Particle: Spatially Chaotic Quantum BeatBeat
A
20 0m c h
B
Unreduced interaction gives spatially chaotic (multivalued),Unreduced interaction gives spatially chaotic (multivalued),time-periodic nonlinear pulsation, time-periodic nonlinear pulsation, quantum beat quantum beat ::
at restat rest
where for one quantum jump/pulsationwhere for one quantum jump/pulsationand is the quantum beat frequencyand is the quantum beat frequency
( for the electron) ( for the electron) causal, irreversible time flowcausal, irreversible time flow
Universal Universal origin of mass/inertiaorigin of mass/inertia , spatial , spatial chaoticity of quantum chaoticity of quantum
beatbeat : :
no need for additional, abstract entities (Higgs, zero-point field, no need for additional, abstract entities (Higgs, zero-point field,
etc.)etc.)
Wave-particle dualityWave-particle duality, de Broglie wavelength :, de Broglie wavelength :
20 0 0
0
hE h m c
t
A
h A
02010 Hz
0 01
const B constB
, t th h
p xx x p
A A
20 0m c h
B
Complexity = Quantum + RelativityComplexity = Quantum + Relativity
A
Global field-particle Global field-particle motionmotion : Increased complexity-energy : Increased complexity-energy
““Relativistic dispersion”: Relativistic dispersion”: chaoticchaotic wandering wandering withinwithin field-particle field-particle
Dynamically derivedDynamically derived time relativity: time relativity:
Newton’s laws, relativity, quantum effects = Newton’s laws, relativity, quantum effects = complex particle complex particle dynamicsdynamics
const constx t E px
t t x t
A A A
v
const1 1
,, xh
p p t th
E h pt
A
v v v
2 2 ,
Ep E m m
c c
vv
2 22 0
0 02 22
2
, , , 1
1
1c
c
c
v
v
v
Scheme of complex-dynamical universe structure:Scheme of complex-dynamical universe structure:two interacting, omnipresent protofields give rise to all particles and fieldstwo interacting, omnipresent protofields give rise to all particles and fields
Quantum Field Mechanics (3D space, real time, 4 forces)Quantum Field Mechanics (3D space, real time, 4 forces)
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0401164http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0401164
Gravitational Protofield (Medium)(“heavy” and “dissipative”)
electron(lepton)
quark(hadron)
photonuniform
attraction
Electromagnetic Protofield(“light” and “elastic”)
Completion of the unreduced “double solution” of Louis de BroglieCompletion of the unreduced “double solution” of Louis de Broglie
Complexity = Quantised Gravity + Complexity = Quantised Gravity + GRGR
A
Quantum beat dynamics: quantised gravity Quantum beat dynamics: quantised gravity andand general general
relativityrelativity
is relative tension/density of gravitational medium/protofieldis relative tension/density of gravitational medium/protofieldis the classical gravitational field potentialis the classical gravitational field potential
Causal time retardationCausal time retardation in gravity field: in gravity field:
Intrinsic equivalenceIntrinsic equivalence between gravitational and inertial mass between gravitational and inertial mass
General-relativistic and quantum effects have the General-relativistic and quantum effects have the samesame,,now now causally specifiedcausally specified origin: genuine origin: genuine dynamic complexitydynamic complexity
(multivaluedness) of the quantum beat process(multivaluedness) of the quantum beat processwithin each (massive) field-particle within each (massive) field-particle : unreduced interaction: unreduced interaction
20 0
0
02 20 0 00 00
2( )
, 1 2 gx
m c h h x m c g x g x x c
00g x
g x
200 0 0 00 (attraction) 1 , g x g x x m c h
Causal Complex-Dynamic Causal Complex-Dynamic QuantisationQuantisation
A
Causal, realistic meaning of the wavefunction Causal, realistic meaning of the wavefunction as as quasi-freequasi-free protofield state protofield state during realisation changeduring realisation change
Quantum beat discreteness & complexity conservation: Quantum beat discreteness & complexity conservation:
Causal Dirac quantisation from energy and momentum Causal Dirac quantisation from energy and momentum definition:definition:
Inserting into relativistic energy relationInserting into relativistic energy relationone gets one gets relativistic wave equationsrelativistic wave equations (Klein-Gordon, Dirac): (Klein-Gordon, Dirac):
Causally derivedCausally derived Schr Schrödinger equation:ödinger equation:
complex-dynamic origin of energy-level discretenesscomplex-dynamic origin of energy-level discreteness
00 , i
A A A A A
const const1 1
i , ix tE pt t x x
A A
2 2 4 2 20E m c p c
2 2 22 2
02 2
00 00 , 2π
m cc
t x
22 2
20 0
, i , ,2 2
pE V x t V x t x t
m t m x
Generalised wavefunction (distribution Generalised wavefunction (distribution function)function)
Total number of unreduced EP eigenvalues:Total number of unreduced EP eigenvalues:
NNmaxmax = = NN((NN NNqq + 1) = ( + 1) = (NN))22NNqq + + NN NN = = NN “regular” realisations “regular” realisations
of of NN NNqq eigen-solutions each + “incomplete” set of eigen-solutions each + “incomplete” set of NN eigen- eigen-
solutions =solutions =
transitional realisationtransitional realisation, , generalised wavefunctiongeneralised wavefunction, or , or distribution distribution
functionfunction
causal extensioncausal extension of usual quantum-mechanical wavefunction of usual quantum-mechanical wavefunction ((xx))transiently weak EP, disentangled components, system transiently weak EP, disentangled components, system
restructuringrestructuring
Causally generalised Causally generalised Born probability ruleBorn probability rule: : rr = = ((XXrr))22
Generalised Hamilton-Jacobi equationGeneralised Hamilton-Jacobi equation for action-complexity for action-complexity AA ((xx))
+ + causal quantisation rulecausal quantisation rule, , AA = = ̶̶ AA00 / /
universal Schruniversal Schrödinger equationödinger equation
0 const constˆ = , , ,x tH x t x t
t x
A
Dynamically explained (emerging) universe Dynamically explained (emerging) universe structures and propertiesstructures and properties
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0601140http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0601140
Material, quantised space and irreversibly flowing timeMaterial, quantised space and irreversibly flowing time (origin/number of space dimensions, time universality)(origin/number of space dimensions, time universality) Unified material nature of particles and their propertiesUnified material nature of particles and their properties (quantum, relativistic, mass, charge, spin)(quantum, relativistic, mass, charge, spin)
Causal origin of unified particle interactionsCausal origin of unified particle interactions (interaction number (4), properties, unification)(interaction number (4), properties, unification)
Causal origin of constants and their universalityCausal origin of constants and their universality ((cc, , , , GG, , , “comprehensible” Planck units), “comprehensible” Planck units) Dynamic origin of higher-Dynamic origin of higher-CC properties: classicality, etc. properties: classicality, etc. (closed system classicality, true quantum chaos,(closed system classicality, true quantum chaos, quantum measurement/reduction, nuclei, many-body)quantum measurement/reduction, nuclei, many-body)
REAL WORLD EXPLAINED AS IT IS, NOT A MYSTERY-BASED “MODEL”REAL WORLD EXPLAINED AS IT IS, NOT A MYSTERY-BASED “MODEL”
Universality and Meaning of Universality and Meaning of and and
A
Rewriting relation between Rewriting relation between , , and and e e : :
is the number of electron (quantum beat) realisationsis the number of electron (quantum beat) realisations
is the “classical electron radius”is the “classical electron radius”
is the size of “virtual soliton” (“reduced” state)is the size of “virtual soliton” (“reduced” state)
Universal meaningUniversal meaning of of and and ::
is the is the widthwidth of the binding EP well for a of the binding EP well for a particle (particle (ee))
is the is the depthdepth of the binding EP well for a of the binding EP well for a particle (particle (ee))
is the is the “volume”“volume” of EP well for of EP well for anyany particle particle
Planck’s constant is the action-complexity of Planck’s constant is the action-complexity of protofield protofield
attractionattraction Confirmation: Confirmation: equal largest particle and nuclear massesequal largest particle and nuclear masses ( (~ ~ 101022
GeV)GeV)
2 2 22
0 C 2C C 0
2π , , , 2π 861e ee e e h
m c N Nc m c
2 310 10eN 2
C 2 20 0
ee , eh eN r r
m c m c
e e e2π πD r d
2
C 0 0ee , e eh p N p m c E c
c
C e , 2πe eN r N 2
0e , p m c e c 2
C eeh p N e c
Dynamical Dynamical GG and Modified Planckian and Modified Planckian UnitsUnits
A
Usual gravitational constant Usual gravitational constant (or (or GG):):indirectindirect, long-range attraction , long-range attraction throughthrough gravitational medium gravitational medium
““Unified gravity” constant Unified gravity” constant 00 in in correctcorrect Planckian units: Planckian units:directdirect, local protofield attraction (the , local protofield attraction (the ultimateultimate origin of gravity) origin of gravity)
ModifiedModified Planckian units: Planckian units:
is the ordinary Planck is the ordinary Planck
lengthlength
ResultsResults:: causal mass spectrum without “hidden dimensions”, causal mass spectrum without “hidden dimensions”,
origin andorigin and unification of interaction forces, gravity weakness, causal unification of interaction forces, gravity weakness, causal theory oftheory of “ “black holes” etc., no “inflation”, no usual “quantum gravity”, black holes” etc., no “inflation”, no usual “quantum gravity”, etc.etc.
0
12
17 163P exp10 10 cmL l
c
0
12
27 265P exp10 10 sT t
c
0
12
22 21 2 3P exp10 10 10 10 GeV
cM g m
330 P exp
exp 33 34
P
2
10 cm10 10 , l lll
Scheme of complex-dynamical universe structure:Scheme of complex-dynamical universe structure:two interacting, omnipresent protofields give rise to all particles and fieldstwo interacting, omnipresent protofields give rise to all particles and fields
Quantum Field MechanicsQuantum Field Mechanics
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0401164http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0401164
Gravitational Protofield (Medium)(“heavy” and “dissipative”)
electron(lepton)
quark(hadron)
photonuniform
attraction
Electromagnetic Protofield(“light” and “elastic”)
Completion of the unreduced “double solution” of Louis de BroglieCompletion of the unreduced “double solution” of Louis de Broglie
Experimental ImplicationsExperimental Implications
A
Known particle spectrum is basically Known particle spectrum is basically completecomplete : :no needno need for for artificial, abstractartificial, abstract entities (Higgs, hidden entities (Higgs, hidden
dimensions, etc.)dimensions, etc.)??? LHC ??? , fair/efficient competition of ideas???? LHC ??? , fair/efficient competition of ideas?
Internal complex dynamics of particles remains Internal complex dynamics of particles remains unexploredunexploredand promises and promises new, practically important discoveries new, practically important discoveries ::
new behaviour/understanding new behaviour/understanding , rather than new entities, rather than new entities
Even Even direct observationdirect observation is possible: resonance is possible: resonancehttp://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0401164http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0401164
Such direct observation of quantum-beat pulsationSuch direct observation of quantum-beat pulsationwas successfully realisedwas successfully realised, but remains neglected !!!, but remains neglected !!!
Ultra-relativistic electron channeling experiments:Ultra-relativistic electron channeling experiments:M.GouanM.Gouanèère et al., re et al., Annales Fond. L. de BroglieAnnales Fond. L. de Broglie 3030 (2005) 109- (2005) 109-
114114
Another confirmationAnother confirmation: American “quark-gluon liquid” results:: American “quark-gluon liquid” results:J. Adams et al. (STAR collaboration), Nucl. Phys. A J. Adams et al. (STAR collaboration), Nucl. Phys. A 757757 (2005) (2005)
102 102
Dynamically Emerging, Self-Tuning Dynamically Emerging, Self-Tuning UniverseUniverse
A
Dynamically emergingDynamically emerging universe has universe has intrinsically adaptableintrinsically adaptable
structurestructure(contrary to standard, mechanistic “cosmology”)(contrary to standard, mechanistic “cosmology”)
Dynamic originDynamic origin of “universal constants” and “intrinsic” of “universal constants” and “intrinsic”
properties:properties:nono “miraculous”, “anthropic” coincidence, at any level ! “miraculous”, “anthropic” coincidence, at any level !
Variable, adaptableVariable, adaptable universe structure emergence: universe structure emergence:
Variable universe mass is split into Variable universe mass is split into adaptable fractal adaptable fractal
hierarchyhierarchy
Huge adaptabilityHuge adaptability of truly complex (multivalued) dynamics: of truly complex (multivalued) dynamics:probabilistic interactive fractality (huge power of “reasonable” probabilistic interactive fractality (huge power of “reasonable”
change),change),universal symmetry/conservation of complexity (change universal symmetry/conservation of complexity (change
order/direction)order/direction)
Special cases:Special cases: “primordial chaos”, “aether”, “black holes”, etc. “primordial chaos”, “aether”, “black holes”, etc.
Usual, dynamically single-valued cosmology is Usual, dynamically single-valued cosmology is intrinsicallyintrinsically “anthropic”:“anthropic”:
no “dynamic dimensions” for efficient/reasonable adaptationno “dynamic dimensions” for efficient/reasonable adaptation
2part atom
part part atom atomint chemproto
univ ...V
M N m V N m Vc
univM
Universe Energy and Real Time ArrowUniverse Energy and Real Time Arrow
A
Universal symmetry of complexity:Universal symmetry of complexity:total dynamic complexity, total dynamic complexity, CC = = I I + + SS, is , is conservedconserved by by
transformationtransformationof of decreasingdecreasing dynamic information, dynamic information, II, to , to increasingincreasing dynamic dynamic
entropy, entropy, SS
Dynamic information Dynamic information II is is universallyuniversally measured by action- measured by action-
complexity complexity AA : :AA = = II = - = -SS < 0 < 0
Dynamically randomDynamically random realisation emergence/change realisation emergence/change time time derivativederivative
of action-complexity (generalised Lagrangian) is negative:of action-complexity (generalised Lagrangian) is negative:
with Hamiltonian with Hamiltonian
Rigorously derived time arrowRigorously derived time arrow oriented to oriented to growing complexity-growing complexity-
entropyentropy: :
Any Any realreal universe ( universe (tt > 0 > 0) has strictly ) has strictly positive energypositive energy balance, balance, EE > 0> 0
Usual cosmology:Usual cosmology: EE = 0 = 0, no , no realreal (flowing) time, no structure (flowing) time, no structure
creation,creation,no (tangible) mass/inertia, fictitious entities (“dark” mass, no (tangible) mass/inertia, fictitious entities (“dark” mass,
energy)energy)Against the TideAgainst the Tide (ed. Corredoira, Perelman) at PhilSci, Cogprints (ed. Corredoira, Perelman) at PhilSci, Cogprints
0 ,L p H
t
vA
constxH E
t
A
0 , , , 0 , 0S
L E H x p t p tL L
v
A
Dark Mass: Single-Valued Model Dark Mass: Single-Valued Model DeficiencyDeficiency
A
Usual virial theorem for average potential and kinetic Usual virial theorem for average potential and kinetic
energy:energy:
This regular energy, , is a small part of real, chaotic one:This regular energy, , is a small part of real, chaotic one:
is the average realisation number ( for usual models)is the average realisation number ( for usual models)
ObservedObserved potential energy ( potential energy (visible massvisible mass) correlates with ) correlates with
: :
But observations are But observations are interpretedinterpreted within within deficient, regulardeficient, regular version:version:
Discrepancy, Discrepancy, , is obtained as the ratio of the last two equations:, is obtained as the ratio of the last two equations:
It is explained in terms of “invisible”, “dark” mass It is explained in terms of “invisible”, “dark” mass
: :
2T UTU
regT T
real regT N T
1N 1N
real obs2T U
obsU
reg obs2T U
realT
real
reg
TN
T
dark real regM M M
real real dark
reg reg reg , 1 1 dynamic complexity
M T MN N C
M T M
Dark Energy and Big Bang Dark Energy and Big Bang ContradictionsContradictions
A
Vicious circle of usual (single-valued, mechanistic) cosmology:Vicious circle of usual (single-valued, mechanistic) cosmology:
postulated nothingnesspostulated nothingness of the universe content ( of the universe content (E E = 0= 0) ) unstableunstable
static universe static universe mechanical expansion mechanical expansion problems with problems with mass/energymass/energy
content (“conceptual” instability) content (“conceptual” instability) return to the starting return to the starting mistakemistake
The problem The problem does not even appeardoes not even appear in in complex-dynamiccomplex-dynamic cosmology:cosmology:
positivepositive universe energy ( universe energy (E E > 0> 0) ) “explosion” of “explosion” of structure structure creationcreation no mechanical expansion, red shift explanation by no mechanical expansion, red shift explanation by
small but small but inevitableinevitable dissipative effects ( dissipative effects (interactioninteraction with with gravitational protofield) gravitational protofield) nonlinear red shift effects are nonlinear red shift effects are naturalnatural for unreduced interaction for unreduced interaction no need in any “dark” entities and no need in any “dark” entities and
“hidden” dimensions, no “conceptual” instability“hidden” dimensions, no “conceptual” instability
Explicitly Explicitly creativecreative, complex (multivalued) dynamics solves , complex (multivalued) dynamics solves allall problemsproblems
of of artificially simplifiedartificially simplified, dynamically single-valued cosmology, dynamically single-valued cosmology
UnifiedUnified solution to “old” and new problems of cosmology solution to “old” and new problems of cosmology andandparticle physics (quantum, relativity, interactions, flatness, particle physics (quantum, relativity, interactions, flatness,
entropy...)entropy...)
Universal Regimes of Complex DynamicsUniversal Regimes of Complex Dynamics
1
Two limiting regimes of complex dynamics:multivalued self-organisation/SOCmultivalued self-organisation/SOC and and uniform (global) chaosuniform (global) chaos
Universal criterion of global (strong) chaos:
or resonanceresonance of the main system motions
Criterion of quasi-regularity (self-organisation): (or )
Highly complicated interaction networks cannot be close to Highly complicated interaction networks cannot be close to
regularityregularityOrdinary, unitary dynamic models and approaches are
inapplicable
Let’s transform the unitary approach defectdefect (system failure)into the unreduced, complex-dynamic operation advantageadvantage :
superior power and qualities
1
As network intensity grows one cannot avoid resonancecannot avoid resonance (“jam”): and therefore essential essential dynamicdynamic randomness becomes inevitable randomness becomes inevitable
1
1i
n Q
1
Complex-Dynamic Interaction Network Complex-Dynamic Interaction Network PropertiesProperties
N
N
Huge efficiency growthHuge efficiency growth of of dynamicallydynamically chaotic ( chaotic (multivaluedmultivalued) networks:) networks:Chaotic network efficiency is determined by the number of all combinations of
links
where the number of links N is very large itselfUnitary (regular) dynamic efficiency grows only as .
The huge advantage in efficiency expresses intrinsic creativity/adaptability
of the unreduced complex dynamics obtained at the expense of its chaoticity
INTELLIGENCE, CONSCIOUSNESS, AUTONOMIC COMMUNICATIONINTELLIGENCE, CONSCIOUSNESS, AUTONOMIC COMMUNICATION
Particular aspects and applicationsParticular aspects and applications
N
! 2π ( ) (unreduced dynamic complexity)N NN N N e N C
(1) Knowledge-based structureKnowledge-based structure of intelligent communication networks(2) Holistic, two-layer dynamics of advancedadvanced intelligent network (“superbrain”) Complex-dynamic meaning of Complex-dynamic meaning of truetrue intelligence/consciousness intelligence/consciousness (physics/0409140)
(3) Intelligent network and its users automatically become more intelligent Intrinsically suited to complex-dynamic problem solution Intrinsically suited to complex-dynamic problem solution revolution of complexityrevolution of complexity
(4) Universal symmetry/development of complexityUniversal symmetry/development of complexity: unified guiding principle Transformation of Transformation of dynamic informationdynamic information (“interaction potential”) into (“interaction potential”) into dynamic entropydynamic entropy
Evolution as complexity development
System evolutionSystem evolution as a result of the as a result of the symmetry of symmetry of complexitycomplexity:: qualitative, irreversible, qualitative, irreversible, dynamically discretedynamically discrete (quantized) (quantized) changechange (event): transformation of (event): transformation of dynamic informationdynamic information,, II,, into into dynamic entropydynamic entropy, , SS, while the sum, , while the sum, total complexitytotal complexity,, CC = = II + + SS, remains , remains unchangedunchanged::
CC = 0 = 0 ,, SS = - = - I = I = -- AA > 0 > 0 ,,
where the extended, nonlinear action where the extended, nonlinear action AA = = II is a unified is a unified measure of measure of complexity-information, complexity-information, AA ~~VVeffefftt time arrowtime arrow ( (EE,, L L > > 00))
Generalised Hamilton-Jacobi and SchrGeneralised Hamilton-Jacobi and Schröödinger equations:dinger equations:
,,
The universal The universal meaningmeaning and and purposepurpose of any system of any system evolutionevolution,, progressprogress, and , and existenceexistence: : complexity developmentcomplexity development as a result as a result of of the the symmetry of complexitysymmetry of complexity teleological, purposeful teleological, purposeful
dynamicsdynamics
const const, , 0x tH x tt x
A A const
ˆ , tH x x E xx
UNIVERSAL MEANING AND CRITERION OF PROGRESSUNIVERSAL MEANING AND CRITERION OF PROGRESS
Universal Symmetry of Complexity
• Always exact but irregularly structured symmetryNo “broken symmetry” contradictions
• Symmetry of emergence: no fixed “similarity”Symmetry equivalent to system dynamics
• Truly universal symmetry: single law of NatureUnified conservation, degradation, variation principles
• Unified symmetry gives rise to unified structureDynamically probabilistic fractal: unreduced solution
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0404006http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0404006
Progress by complexity steps
dynamic entropychange
Complexity levels, nn
nn = 1
nn = 2
nn = 3
Fractal hierarchy of complexity
time, tt
--I,I, SS
AnyAny structure creation is a structure creation is a growthgrowth of complexity-entropy of complexity-entropy
DYNAMICALLY DISCRETE COMPLEXITY DEVELOPMENTDYNAMICALLY DISCRETE COMPLEXITY DEVELOPMENT
“progress” vs “decline”
time, tt
dynamic entropy change, SS, Hamiltonian (energy), SS//tt = = H, EH, E
SS
HH
period ofperiod ofprogressprogress
period ofperiod ofdeclinedecline
moments of happinessmoments of happiness moments of ennuimoments of ennui
For For bothboth “progress” and “decline”: “progress” and “decline”:
HH = = SS//tt > 0 > 0 Progressive development (creation)Progressive development (creation)::
WW = = HH//tt = = 22SS//tt22 > 0> 0
Decline (decay, degradation)Decline (decay, degradation)::
WW = = HH//tt = = 22SS//tt22 < 0< 0
MaxMax progress results (“happiness”): progress results (“happiness”):
HH//tt = = 22SS//tt22 = 0, = 0, 22HH//tt22 < 0< 0
MaxMax decay results (“ennui”): decay results (“ennui”):
HH//tt = = 22SS//tt22 = 0, = 0, 22HH//tt22 > 0> 0
Transition Transition maxmax (“moment of truth”): (“moment of truth”):
22HH//tt22 = 0, = 0, 33HH//tt33 < 0< 0
Decline crisis (“moment of sin”):Decline crisis (“moment of sin”):
22HH//tt22 = 0, = 0, 33HH//tt33 > 0> 0
death branch
Unified mathematics of complexity
• Non-uniqueness of any real problem solution: universal dynamic multivaluedness
• Explicit dynamic emergence, origin of events and time: A A for any real A
• Fractally structured dynamic entanglement: rigorous expression of material quality
• No “exact solutions”: meaning of randomness, nonintegrability, noncomputability, etc.
• Dynamic discreteness (causal quantisation), nonunitarity, dynamic origin of space
DYNAMIC FRACTAL: UNREDUCED PROBLEM SOLUTIONDYNAMIC FRACTAL: UNREDUCED PROBLEM SOLUTION
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0502133http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0502133
UN
IVE
RS
AL
SY
MM
ET
RY
OF
CO
MP
LEX
ITY
UN
IVE
RS
AL
SY
MM
ET
RY
OF
CO
MP
LEX
ITY
Science Progress Diagram
MechanisticMechanistic discreteness:discreteness:
NumbersNumbers Classical figuresClassical figures
No interactionNo interaction No changeNo change No qualityNo quality
MechanisticMechanistic discreteness:discreteness:
NumbersNumbers Classical figuresClassical figures
No interactionNo interaction No changeNo change No qualityNo quality
Unitary 1Unitary 1Unitary 1Unitary 1 Unitary 2Unitary 2Unitary 2Unitary 2 USciComUSciComUSciComUSciCom
Unitary science:Unitary science: only oneonly one from many real system realisations from many real system realisations
Universal Science of Complexity (USciCom):Universal Science of Complexity (USciCom): allall system realisations system realisations
NEW MATHEMATICS OF COMPLEXITYNEW MATHEMATICS OF COMPLEXITY
MechanisticMechanistic continuity:continuity: CalculusCalculus
Deformable shapesDeformable shapes Trivial interactionTrivial interaction Formal changeFormal change
No qualityNo quality
MechanisticMechanistic continuity:continuity: CalculusCalculus
Deformable shapesDeformable shapes Trivial interactionTrivial interaction Formal changeFormal change
No qualityNo quality
DynamicDynamic discreteness:discreteness:
MultivaluednessMultivaluedness Dynamical fractalDynamical fractal
Full interactionFull interaction Intrinsic changeIntrinsic change
Full qualityFull quality
DynamicDynamic discreteness:discreteness:
MultivaluednessMultivaluedness Dynamical fractalDynamical fractal
Full interactionFull interaction Intrinsic changeIntrinsic change
Full qualityFull quality
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/9806002http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/9806002
Unreduced complexity features
• Unreduced complexity >> usual imitations of complexity Fundamental difference of unreduced complexity (dynamic multivaluedness)
from any dynamically single-valued (unitary) imitations of complexity
• Usual science = zero-dimensional projection of reality The whole usual, unitary science, including scholar “science of complexity”
(“chaos”, “self-organisation”, “nonlinear dynamics”, etc.), is the simplest possible, zero-dimensional, point-like projection of real, multivalued world dynamics
• Unreduced complexity = natural completion of usual science Universal science of complexity (unreduced interaction problem solution) is
the explicit, causally complete extension of the unitary science (from one system realisation to their complete set)
• Problem-solving power of the universal science of complexity Unreduced complexity (dynamically multivalued solution) solves stagnating
problems of unitary science (quantum physics, particles, field theory, gravity, cosmology, solid state, biology, etc.) and completes it up to the humanities (consciousness, ethics, aesthetics, development, etc.)
• Complex system creation by unreduced complexity understanding Only the unreduced dynamic complexity is suitable for real-world applications
involving new system design (like autonomic communication networks, intelligent software, AI, machine consciousness)
UNIVERSAL CONCEPT AND SCIENCE OF COMPLEXITYUNIVERSAL CONCEPT AND SCIENCE OF COMPLEXITY
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/9806002http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/9806002
• Today’s knowledge development is not sustainable: quickly growing problems of intensity, content, efficiency, creativity
(e.g. usual ecological problems) we need always more• Illusion of regularity: regular, “industrial” operation mode inevitably leads to degradation
at a high intensity stage (the case of usual developed industry)• Illusion of power: power cannot increase quality by itself: increasing power capacities
need another, qualitatively different dynamics complexity• Only complex-dynamic creation can be sustainable:
– system freedom to change its own structure (true autonomy)– efficient management of creation result (intelligence)– complex-dynamic (chaotic) control genuine security and
progress– permanent, natural user-machine-network complexity
coevolution• Today’s bifurcation of knowledge/civilisation development: Complexity Transition = Sustainability Transition = Creative Ecology
Sustainable knowledge
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0509234http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0509234
Universal complexity in action
Unified, causally complete fundamental physics (quantum mechanics, relativity,Unified, causally complete fundamental physics (quantum mechanics, relativity, particles, fields, forces, cosmology): no “mysteries”, transparent, realisticparticles, fields, forces, cosmology): no “mysteries”, transparent, realistic knowledge and world view, the unique way to unlimited clean energyknowledge and world view, the unique way to unlimited clean energy Real, complex-dynamic nanodevices (quantum & classical), huge efficiencyReal, complex-dynamic nanodevices (quantum & classical), huge efficiency Causally complete, reliable genomics (unreduced interaction dynamics)Causally complete, reliable genomics (unreduced interaction dynamics) Complex-dynamic biology: causal evolution theory, integral medicineComplex-dynamic biology: causal evolution theory, integral medicine Creative ecology/development: realistic, unreduced sustainability conceptCreative ecology/development: realistic, unreduced sustainability concept Emerging genuine intelligence and consciousness (natural and artificial)Emerging genuine intelligence and consciousness (natural and artificial) Complex-dynamic, intelligent communication networks and software systemsComplex-dynamic, intelligent communication networks and software systems
Progress through permanent, constructive, omnipresent interaction:Progress through permanent, constructive, omnipresent interaction: creating a superior, individually structured quality of lifecreating a superior, individually structured quality of life Practical responsibility of scientists for creation of “knowledge-based society”Practical responsibility of scientists for creation of “knowledge-based society” and “understanding-based (complete) knowledge”: no deficient “models”and “understanding-based (complete) knowledge”: no deficient “models” Constructive use of diversity instead of destructive mechanistic unificationConstructive use of diversity instead of destructive mechanistic unification
UNREDUCED COMPLEXITY APPLICATIONSUNREDUCED COMPLEXITY APPLICATIONS
UNREDUCED SUSTAINABILITY FEATURESUNREDUCED SUSTAINABILITY FEATURES
http://arxiv.org/find/quant-ph,gr-qc,physics/1/au:+Kirilyuk/0/1/0/all/0/1http://arxiv.org/find/quant-ph,gr-qc,physics/1/au:+Kirilyuk/0/1/0/all/0/1
UNIFIED SCIENCE OF REAL COMPLEX SYSTEMSPrinciples of Complex System Operation &
Design
UNIFIED SCIENCE OF REAL COMPLEX SYSTEMSPrinciples of Complex System Operation &
Design I. Complexity correspondence principle Efficient interaction of comparable complexity
units
II. Complex-dynamic control principle Complexity development as the purpose of control
III. Unreduced (free) interaction principle Huge power of unreduced interaction complexity
UNIFIED BY THE SYMMETRY OF COMPLEXITY
I. Complexity correspondence principle Efficient interaction of comparable complexity
units
II. Complex-dynamic control principle Complexity development as the purpose of control
III. Unreduced (free) interaction principle Huge power of unreduced interaction complexity
UNIFIED BY THE SYMMETRY OF COMPLEXITY
Complexity Correspondence Principle
Efficient Interaction of Comparable Complexity Units
Complexity Correspondence Principle
Efficient Interaction of Comparable Complexity Units Higher complexity enslaves lower complexity
Low complexity cannot control/simulate high complexity only unreduced complexity tools for real system design
Similar complexities give rise to strong chaoticity Creative power of “confined” chaos (dynamic adaptability)
Excessive complexity tool replaces useful operation Complex tools at context/software, not traffic/hardware
level
Higher complexity enslaves lower complexity Low complexity cannot control/simulate high complexity only unreduced complexity tools for real system design
Similar complexities give rise to strong chaoticity Creative power of “confined” chaos (dynamic adaptability)
Excessive complexity tool replaces useful operation Complex tools at context/software, not traffic/hardware
level
Complex-Dynamic Control Principle
Complexity Development as Unified Control Purpose
Complex-Dynamic Control Principle
Complexity Development as Unified Control Purpose Controlled dynamics cannot be totally regular
Relying upon usual “total” control gives total system failure Multivalued, chaotic SOC regime is a general control result
Optimal interaction complexity development Creative, rather than restrictive control is more reliable
Universal guiding line and criterion of control Sustainable control: global stability by local creativity
Controlled dynamics cannot be totally regular Relying upon usual “total” control gives total system failure Multivalued, chaotic SOC regime is a general control result
Optimal interaction complexity development Creative, rather than restrictive control is more reliable
Universal guiding line and criterion of control Sustainable control: global stability by local creativity
Unreduced (Free) Interaction Principle
Huge Power of Unreduced Interaction Complexity
Unreduced (Free) Interaction Principle
Huge Power of Unreduced Interaction Complexity General purpose of complexity-entropy growth
Only general direction is fixed/controlled, not the details Intrinsic chaoticity is a normal, useful system state
Huge power of unreduced complex dynamics Genuine parallelism of multivalued dynamical fractal
Constructive alternation of strong chaos and SOC Symmetry of complexity: chaotic search and ordered
creation
General purpose of complexity-entropy growth Only general direction is fixed/controlled, not the details Intrinsic chaoticity is a normal, useful system state
Huge power of unreduced complex dynamics Genuine parallelism of multivalued dynamical fractal
Constructive alternation of strong chaos and SOC Symmetry of complexity: chaotic search and ordered
creation
• Causal universe origin and structure: fundamental physics without mysteries
• Complex-dynamic nanoscience and biology: reliable genomics and integral medicine
• Emerging intelligence and consciousness: complex-dynamic interaction genuine AI
• Complex-dynamic information systems: intelligent software and autonomic networks
• Creative ecology and sustainability transition: bifurcation of civilisation development
Unreduced complexity applications
IRREDUCIBLY COMPLEX DYNAMICS OF REAL NANOBIOSYSTEMSIRREDUCIBLY COMPLEX DYNAMICS OF REAL NANOBIOSYSTEMSGenuine quantum chaos, quantum measurement and classicality emergenceGenuine quantum chaos, quantum measurement and classicality emergence
Chaoticity criterion is satisfied on the smallest scalesChaoticity criterion is satisfied on the smallest scales
Genuine quantum chaos by dynamic multivaluednessGenuine quantum chaos by dynamic multivaluednessusual quantum chaos paradox is due to single-valued reductionusual quantum chaos paradox is due to single-valued reduction
Complex dynamics of causal quantum measurementComplex dynamics of causal quantum measurementcausal wave reduction and dynamically random eigenvalue choicecausal wave reduction and dynamically random eigenvalue choice
Dynamic classicality emergence (multivalued SOC)Dynamic classicality emergence (multivalued SOC)Classicality as higher complexity level (elementary bound system)Classicality as higher complexity level (elementary bound system)
Causally complete, reliable nanoscience foundationCausally complete, reliable nanoscience foundationComplex (multivalued) dynamics at the border of quantum chaos,Complex (multivalued) dynamics at the border of quantum chaos,causal quantum measurement and emerging (chaotic) classicalitycausal quantum measurement and emerging (chaotic) classicality
1i
n Q
fundamental nanoscience paradigmfundamental nanoscience paradigm meansmeansessentiallyessentially complex, chaotic dynamicscomplex, chaotic dynamics
http://arXiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9511034-6
http://arXiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9511037
http://arXiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9902016
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0412097
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0211071
► Dynamically probabilistic fractalDynamically probabilistic fractal as unified as unified living living structurestructure: : unreduced solutionunreduced solution to many-body to many-body interactioninteraction problem problem
► Unreduced life properties:Unreduced life properties: autonomous probabilistic autonomous probabilistic adaptability and development, purposeful “adaptability and development, purposeful “éélan vital”, lan vital”, huge power of living processes (“life force”)huge power of living processes (“life force”)
► Symmetry of complexitySymmetry of complexity or or complexity correspondencecomplexity correspondence principleprinciple: the underlying : the underlying symmetry/reason of evolutionsymmetry/reason of evolution and individual system and individual system developmentdevelopment
► Universal prescription:Universal prescription: take into account the take into account the full, full, unreduced interaction powerunreduced interaction power reliable genetics, integral reliable genetics, integral medicinemedicine
Complex-Dynamic BiologyComplex-Dynamic BiologyReliable Genetics and Integral Reliable Genetics and Integral
MedicineMedicine
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0502133http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0502133
Number of genome interaction linksNumber of genome interaction links
NNgenome genome NNbrain brain 10 101010 10 1044 = 10 = 101414
Number of interaction links per gene (Number of interaction links per gene (NNgene gene 3 3 10 1044))
nneff eff NNgenomegenome//NNgene gene 3 3 10 1099 >> >> NNgene gene NNbasebase
NNbase base 3 3 10 1099 is the number of genome “bases” is the number of genome “bases”
(1) Genome is (1) Genome is mainlymainly interaction placeinteraction place, , notnot a ready a ready
“programme”“programme”
(2) Every genome element interacts with any other one(2) Every genome element interacts with any other one((everything interacts with everythingeverything interacts with everything))
Huge interaction power Huge interaction power the property of life the property of life
PP NN ~~ 10 1010101515
>> 10>> 10NNgenomegenome
Reliable Genetics:Reliable Genetics:Unreduced Genome InteractionsUnreduced Genome Interactions
Genome interaction neglect leads to Genome interaction neglect leads to catastrophecatastrophe huge power of real complexity is destroyed down to zerohuge power of real complexity is destroyed down to zero
Destruction results Destruction results accumulateaccumulate and and appear laterappear later delayed-action genetic bomb (G-bomb)delayed-action genetic bomb (G-bomb)
Step-like complexity Step-like complexity evolution mechanismevolution mechanism necessary combination of robustness and flexibilitynecessary combination of robustness and flexibility
UnreducedUnreduced interaction complexity and its evolution interaction complexity and its evolutioninvolves the entire genome and epigenetic componentsinvolves the entire genome and epigenetic components
Serious changeSerious change in genetic theory and practice in genetic theory and practice
Integral medicine:Integral medicine: organism as unreduced interaction organism as unreduced interaction
complexitycomplexitycausal, reliable understanding of life causal, reliable understanding of life biomed applications biomed applications
Reliable Genetics:Reliable Genetics:G-bomb and Evolution MechanismG-bomb and Evolution Mechanism
Emerging Genuine Intelligence and ConsciousnessEmerging Genuine Intelligence and ConsciousnessSuperior Levels of Unreduced Interaction ComplexitySuperior Levels of Unreduced Interaction Complexity
Intelligence Intelligence as a as a high enoughhigh enough level of level of unreduced interaction unreduced interaction complexitycomplexity::
chaotic, interaction-driven adaptability and self-developmentchaotic, interaction-driven adaptability and self-developmentNatural intelligence: electro-chemical interaction in a neural networkNatural intelligence: electro-chemical interaction in a neural network
Consciousness Consciousness as a next higher level of unreduced complexity:as a next higher level of unreduced complexity:complex-dynamic (multivalued) complex-dynamic (multivalued) bound states bound states (SOC)(SOC)
Natural consciousness: SOC bound structures in the cortexNatural consciousness: SOC bound structures in the cortex
Parallel superpower:Parallel superpower: autonomous adaptability autonomous adaptabilitylogical, binding, supervising; separated self; multi-level;logical, binding, supervising; separated self; multi-level;control, imagination, anticipation (localised structures);control, imagination, anticipation (localised structures);
emotions, desires, “emotions, desires, “éélan”; adaptable growthlan”; adaptable growth
Artificial Intelligence and Machine ConsciousnessArtificial Intelligence and Machine Consciousness::modified but modified but unreduced unreduced versions of natural propertiesversions of natural properties
Properly designed structure/shape of AI and MCProperly designed structure/shape of AI and MC
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0409140http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0409140
COMPLEXITY TRANSITION IN ICT SYSTEMSThe New Era of Intelligent Information SystemsCOMPLEXITY TRANSITION IN ICT SYSTEMSThe New Era of Intelligent Information Systems
(1) Transition to useful dynamic complexity/chaos Priority R&D task and inevitable way of development
(2) Complexity levels of global communication system
- Quasi-regular P2P network (modern internet, phone) - Complex-dynamic P2P network (liberated internet) - Context-based network: “human” complexity levels
(3) Intelligent and conscious information systems Unified, fractal “quantum beat” (physics/0409140) Unlimited coevolution of system and user complexity
(1) Transition to useful dynamic complexity/chaos Priority R&D task and inevitable way of development
(2) Complexity levels of global communication system
- Quasi-regular P2P network (modern internet, phone) - Complex-dynamic P2P network (liberated internet) - Context-based network: “human” complexity levels
(3) Intelligent and conscious information systems Unified, fractal “quantum beat” (physics/0409140) Unlimited coevolution of system and user complexity
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0603132http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/0603132
personal or globalknowledge branch
(user interface)
personal or globalknowledge branch
(user interface)
autonomous developmentdue to complex-dynamic branch interaction
Knowledge-Based StructureKnowledge-Based Structure of Intelligent Communication Networksof Intelligent Communication Networks
branch interaction process
(1) Available “interaction space”(1) Available “interaction space”
(2) Self-amplifying (chaotic) interaction (2) Self-amplifying (chaotic) interaction rulerule
(3) Based on the unreduced (3) Based on the unreduced complexity andcomplexity and
“ “complexity correspondence complexity correspondence
principle”principle” Universal criterion of intelligent Universal criterion of intelligent
operationoperation
Principles of complex network Principles of complex network realisationrealisation
Knowledge-Based StructureKnowledge-Based Structure of Intelligent Communication Networksof Intelligent Communication Networks
Sustainability Transition
The “End” of History, Science, Art, Religion, etc.: exhaustionThe “End” of History, Science, Art, Religion, etc.: exhaustion Maximum “ennui” point is just behind us: beginning “agitation”Maximum “ennui” point is just behind us: beginning “agitation” Transition maximum is still (qualitatively) far ahead of usTransition maximum is still (qualitatively) far ahead of us
http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0509234http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0509234
GREAT SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITION BEGINS TODAYGREAT SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITION BEGINS TODAYGREAT SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITION BEGINS TODAYGREAT SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITION BEGINS TODAY
OPPOSITION TO TRANSITION CHANGES: LOSSESOPPOSITION TO TRANSITION CHANGES: LOSSESOPPOSITION TO TRANSITION CHANGES: LOSSESOPPOSITION TO TRANSITION CHANGES: LOSSES
Discreteness: Transition Discreteness: Transition isis a result of a result of allall system interactions system interactions One cannot overcome the (dynamic) entropy growthOne cannot overcome the (dynamic) entropy growth Unsuccessful transition is replaced by a Unsuccessful transition is replaced by a death branchdeath branch
UNDERSTANDING OF TRANSITION DETAILS: GAINSUNDERSTANDING OF TRANSITION DETAILS: GAINSUNDERSTANDING OF TRANSITION DETAILS: GAINSUNDERSTANDING OF TRANSITION DETAILS: GAINS
Universal science of complexity Universal science of complexity rigorousrigorous, reliable futurology, reliable futurology
CREATIVE APOCALYPSE NOWCREATIVE APOCALYPSE NOW
“progress” vs “decline”
time, tt
dynamic entropy change, SS, Hamiltonian (energy), S/S/t = H, Et = H, E
SS
HH
period ofperiod ofprogressprogress
period ofperiod ofdeclinedecline
moments of happiness moments of ennui
For For bothboth “progress” and “decline”: “progress” and “decline”:
HH = = SS//tt > 0 > 0 Progressive development (creation)Progressive development (creation)::
WW = = HH//tt = = 22SS//tt22 > 0> 0
Decline (decay, degradation)Decline (decay, degradation)::
WW = = HH//tt = = 22SS//tt22 < 0< 0
MaxMax progress results (“happiness”): progress results (“happiness”):
HH//tt = = 22SS//tt22 = 0, = 0, 22HH//tt22 < 0< 0
MaxMax decay results (“ennui”): decay results (“ennui”):
HH//tt = = 22SS//tt22 = 0, = 0, 22HH//tt22 > 0> 0
Transition Transition maxmax (“moment of truth”): (“moment of truth”):
22HH//tt22 = 0, = 0, 33HH//tt33 < 0< 0
Decline crisis (“moment of sin”):Decline crisis (“moment of sin”):
22HH//tt22 = 0, = 0, 33HH//tt33 > 0> 0
death branch
New kind of knowledge
http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/9806002http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/9806002
BLIND (EMPIRICALLY BASED), BUT OMNIPOTENT R&D: REAL DANGERBLIND (EMPIRICALLY BASED), BUT OMNIPOTENT R&D: REAL DANGER
Today’s empirical technology modifies the Today’s empirical technology modifies the whole depthwhole depth of complexity: of complexity: high energies, genomics, biochemistry, ecosystem, society, psychehigh energies, genomics, biochemistry, ecosystem, society, psyche Without equally complete knowledge Without equally complete knowledge only destructiononly destruction can result can result
CAUSALLY COMPLETE UNDERSTANDING OF REALITY: NO “MODELS”CAUSALLY COMPLETE UNDERSTANDING OF REALITY: NO “MODELS”
Scholar science is an ultimately rough, Scholar science is an ultimately rough, dynamically single-valueddynamically single-valued “ “model” of the model” of the dynamically multivalued realitydynamically multivalued reality: : antianti-completeness,-completeness, including single-valued imitations of empirically defined “complexity”including single-valued imitations of empirically defined “complexity”
Transition to the unreduced, complex dynamics is Transition to the unreduced, complex dynamics is vitallyvitally important: important: One cannot fool Nature (contrary to funding bodies and taxpayers)One cannot fool Nature (contrary to funding bodies and taxpayers)
ONLY UNREDUCED KNOWLEDGE FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONONLY UNREDUCED KNOWLEDGE FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITION
Universal science of complexity for the Universal science of complexity for the “knowledge-based society”“knowledge-based society” Only unreduced science can guide the transition to sustainable lifeOnly unreduced science can guide the transition to sustainable life
SCIENCE REVOLUTION: UNREDUCED COMPLEXITYSCIENCE REVOLUTION: UNREDUCED COMPLEXITY
Complexity-increasing production
http://hal.ccsd.cnrs.fr/ccsd-00004214http://hal.ccsd.cnrs.fr/ccsd-00004214
FROM DESTRUCTION TO CREATION BY COMPLEXITY BOOSTFROM DESTRUCTION TO CREATION BY COMPLEXITY BOOST
From declining to progressive phase: transition to superior complexityFrom declining to progressive phase: transition to superior complexity Complexity-driven technologies: “bio-inspired” complexity growthComplexity-driven technologies: “bio-inspired” complexity growth CreativeCreative, not restrictive ecology concept , not restrictive ecology concept real sustainability real sustainability
UNIVERSAL CRITERION OF PROGRESS: UNIVERSAL CRITERION OF PROGRESS: HH//tt = = 22SS//tt22 >> >> WWdeathdeath
Self-accelerated complexity development: Self-accelerated complexity development: sustainability by creationsustainability by creation Against “sustainability” by restriction: entropy growth is invincibleAgainst “sustainability” by restriction: entropy growth is invincible
Unreduced science of complexity: unique basis for new productionUnreduced science of complexity: unique basis for new production
HUMAN ASPECTS OF NEW PRODUCTION: CREATIVE PERSONALITYHUMAN ASPECTS OF NEW PRODUCTION: CREATIVE PERSONALITY
From massive and reductive to From massive and reductive to individualindividual and and creativecreative technology technology From centralised and rigid to From centralised and rigid to distributeddistributed and and evolvingevolving structure structure
Complexity-driven production involves essential Complexity-driven production involves essential personal progresspersonal progress
GROWTH WITHOUT DESTRUCTIONGROWTH WITHOUT DESTRUCTION
Non-unitary social structure
FROM UNITARY TO HARMONICAL SYSTEM: THE LAST BASTILLEFROM UNITARY TO HARMONICAL SYSTEM: THE LAST BASTILLE
Versions of Unitary System: totalitarian, democratic, meritocraticVersions of Unitary System: totalitarian, democratic, meritocratic Harmonical System: Harmonical System: emergingemerging social order (cf. “market economy”) social order (cf. “market economy”) Sustainability Transition: from Unitary to Harmonical Sustainability Transition: from Unitary to Harmonical complexitycomplexity
HARMONICAL SYSTEM: UNREDUCED INTERACTION COMPLEXITYHARMONICAL SYSTEM: UNREDUCED INTERACTION COMPLEXITY
Autonomous evolution of interacting (small) “management” unitsAutonomous evolution of interacting (small) “management” units “ “NGO” or “free-market” structures NGO” or “free-market” structures withinwithin the Unitary System the Unitary System Superior democracySuperior democracy: real, inevitable extension of unitary “freedom”: real, inevitable extension of unitary “freedom” Harmonical System is the Harmonical System is the uniqueunique way of way of anyany further progress further progress
THE PRICE TO PAY FOR HAPPINESS: DISTRIBUTED REVOLUTIONTHE PRICE TO PAY FOR HAPPINESS: DISTRIBUTED REVOLUTION
High-order “phase transition”: growing “seeds of freedom” networkHigh-order “phase transition”: growing “seeds of freedom” network Complexity-based origin of Harmonical Future Complexity-based origin of Harmonical Future new science bliss new science bliss
ORDER WITHOUT GOVERNMENT: POWER OF ORDER WITHOUT GOVERNMENT: POWER OF
IDEASIDEAS
http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0403084http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0403084NEW SCIENCE STRUCTURE NEW SCIENCE STRUCTURE
lab
ou
r m
idd
le c
lass
elit
e
Replete Industry: Critical InstabilityUNITARY SYSTEM: DEATH BY SUCCESSUNITARY SYSTEM: DEATH BY SUCCESS
““ gra
vita
tiona
l” a
ttra
ctio
ngr
avita
tiona
l” a
ttra
ctio
nto
m
ater
ial
basi
sto
m
ater
ial
basi
s
pre-industrial unitary societypre-industrial unitary society post-industrial unitary societypost-industrial unitary society
socialsocialpositionposition
industrial revolutionindustrial revolutionspinning top
dynamics
STABLESTABLE UNSTABLEUNSTABLE
unlim
ited
unlim
ited
com
plex
ity g
row
thco
mpl
exity
gro
wth
sustainability transitionsustainability transition
AFTER SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONAFTER SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONGROWTH CAN ONLY INCREASE STABILITY:GROWTH CAN ONLY INCREASE STABILITY:
““LIVING ARBORESCENCE” DYNAMICSLIVING ARBORESCENCE” DYNAMICS
New kind of settlement
http://hal.ccsd.cnrs.fr/ccsd-00004214http://hal.ccsd.cnrs.fr/ccsd-00004214
BIO-INSPIRED AND BIO-DOMINATED, DISTRIBUTED INFRASTRUCTUREBIO-INSPIRED AND BIO-DOMINATED, DISTRIBUTED INFRASTRUCTURE
Unitary infrastructure: centralised (urban), rigid, reductive, decadentUnitary infrastructure: centralised (urban), rigid, reductive, decadent Harmonical infrastructure: man-made “forest”, omnipresent, evolvingHarmonical infrastructure: man-made “forest”, omnipresent, evolving CreationCreation, not “protection” of “natural” (= , not “protection” of “natural” (= complexcomplex) environment) environment
SETTLEMENTS SUBMERGED INTO CREATED “NATURAL” COMPLEXITYSETTLEMENTS SUBMERGED INTO CREATED “NATURAL” COMPLEXITY
Harmonical interaction with nature Harmonical interaction with nature growthgrowth of natural complexity of natural complexity Complex-dynamic environment influence on man: complexity boostComplex-dynamic environment influence on man: complexity boost
The unreduced nature complexity should become again The unreduced nature complexity should become again our homeour home
NATURAL COMPLEXITY EVOLUTION: SUPERNATURE, NOOSPHERENATURAL COMPLEXITY EVOLUTION: SUPERNATURE, NOOSPHERE
From “biosphere” to From “biosphere” to SupernatureSupernature: : greatergreater than “natural” complexity than “natural” complexity NoosphereNoosphere: entangled intelligence and Supernature development: entangled intelligence and Supernature development
HHarmonical evolution: armonical evolution: nondestructivenondestructive, , unlimitedunlimited growth & diversity growth & diversity
MAN-MADE NATUREMAN-MADE NATURE
Arts, Humanities, TheologyArts, Humanities, Theology
Good as (optimally) growing complexity Beauty as relative (attained) complexity Spirit as unreduced higher complexity
Complex-Dynamic Algebra of HarmonyComplex-Dynamic Algebra of Harmony
RIGOROUS UNDERSTANDINGRIGOROUS UNDERSTANDING
OFOF
http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/9806002http://arXiv.org/abs/physics/9806002
http://halshs.ccsd.cnrs.fr/halshs-00010489http://halshs.ccsd.cnrs.fr/halshs-00010489
• Only unreduced complexity has unlimited development perspectives: social aspects
• Understanding of unreduced complexity is essential also for its efficient imitations
• The unique, practically important case of artificial dynamic complexity: important connection to natural complexity studies
• The unique possibility for the new progress of fundamental science (otherwise “ending”)
Unreduced complexity perspectives
Complex-Dynamical Universe
http://arxiv.org/find/quant-ph,gr-qc,physics/1/au:+Kirilyuk/0/1/0/all/0/1http://arxiv.org/find/quant-ph,gr-qc,physics/1/au:+Kirilyuk/0/1/0/all/0/1
Cosmos
Nano
ICT
Bio
Dynamic ComplexityDynamic Complexity
Brain
From Elementary Particles to ConsciousnessFrom Elementary Particles to Consciousness
• Can Can realreal, higher-complexity system , higher-complexity system dynamics be understood at the dynamics be understood at the level of level of rigourrigour of Newtonian science? of Newtonian science? YesYes
• The problem of The problem of unreducedunreduced many-body many-body interaction interaction ((unsolvedunsolved in Newtonian science) in Newtonian science)
• The unique possibility for a new progress of The unique possibility for a new progress of fundamental sciencefundamental science (otherwise “ending”) (otherwise “ending”)
• Universal Science of ComplexityUniversal Science of Complexity
Rediscovered Rediscovered ComplexityComplexity
Descartes – Newton - DescartesDescartes – Newton - Descartes
References
[1] A.P. Kirilyuk, “Complex Dynamics of Autonomous Communication Networks and the Intelligent Communication Paradigm”, Report at the International Workshop on Autonomic Communication (Berlin, 18-19 Oct 2004), E-print physics/0412058 at http://arXiv.org.
[2] A.P. Kirilyuk, “Emerging Consciousness as a Result of Complex-Dynamical Interaction Process”, Report presented at the EXYSTENCE workshop Machine Consciousness: Complexity Aspects (Turin, 29 Sep - 1 Oct 2003), E-print physics/0409140 at http://arXiv.org.
[3] A.P. Kirilyuk, “Dynamically Multivalued, Not Unitary or Stochastic, Operation of Real Quantum, Classical and Hybrid Micro-Machines”, E-print physics/0211071 at http://arXiv.org.
[4] A.P. Kirilyuk, Universal Concept of Complexity by the Dynamic Redundance Paradigm: Causal Randomness, Complete Wave Mechanics, and the Ultimate Unification of Knowledge (Kyiv: Naukova Dumka: 1997). For a non-technical review see also: E-print physics/9806002.
[5] A.P. Kirilyuk, “Dynamically Multivalued Self-Organisation and Probabilistic Structure Formation Processes”, Solid State Phenomena 97-98 (2004) 21-26. E-print physics/0405063.
[6] A.P. Kirilyuk, “Universal Symmetry of Complexity and Its Manifestations at Different Levels of World Dynamics”, Proceedings of Institute of Mathematics of NAS of Ukraine 50 (2004) 821-828. E-print physics/0404006 at http://arXiv.org.[7] A.P. Kirilyuk, “Complex-Dynamical Extension of the Fractal Paradigm and Its Applications in Life Sciences”, In: G.A. Losa, D. Merlini, T.F. Nonnenmacher, and E.R. Weibel (Eds.), Fractals in Biology and Medicine, Vol. IV (Basel: Birkhäuser: 2005) 233–244. E-print physics/0502133.
[8] A.P. Kirilyuk, “Complex Dynamics of Real Nanosystems: Fundamental Paradigm for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology”, Nanosystems, Nanomaterials, Nanotechnologies 2 (2004) 1085–1090. E-print physics/0412097 at http://arXiv.org.