Maynilad

Greenhouse Gases (GHG) and Air Pollutants Inventory Management Plan

October 2014

Maynilad Greenhouse Gases (GHG) and Air Pollutants Inventory Management Plan Version 4 October 2014

Abbreviations and Acronyms

AP Air Pollutant ASTP Alabang Sewage Treatment Plant BA Business Area CAI-Asia Clean Air Initiative for Asian Cities CDM Clean Development Mechanism CH4 Methane CHCOD Corporate Human Capital and Organization Development CO Carbon monoxide CO2 Carbon dioxide CPF Common Purpose Facilities CNRW Central Non-Revenue Water DDSSTP Dagat-Dagatan Sewage and Septage Treatment Plant DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DMCI DMCI Holdings, Inc. DOE Department of Energy FPA Fertilizers & Pesticide Authority FPMD Fleet & Premises Management Department GHG Greenhouse gases GHG/AP Greenhouse Gases and Air Pollutants IMS Integrated Management System IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change LMTP La Mesa Treatment Plants Maynilad Maynilad Water Services, Inc. MWCI Manila Water Company, Inc. MLD million liters per day MPIC Metro Pacific Investments Corporation MWSS Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System N2O Nitrous oxide NACWA National Association of Clean Water Agencies (Canada) NOx Nitrogen oxides O3 Ozone OHSAS Occupational Safety and Health Management System PBE Philippine Business for the Environment PWTP Putatan Water Treatment Plant QESH Quality, Environment, Safety and Health ROBUST PHIL Resilient Organizations Built for Transformation of the Philippines SOx Sulfur Oxides SRA Sugar Regulatory Administration TMT Top Management TeamTSPP Tondo Sewage Pumping Plant WRI WorldResources Institute

About Maynilad

Maynilad Water Services, Inc. (Maynilad), an agent and contractor of the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage

System (MWSS), is the Philippines’ largest private water concessionaire in terms of customer base.

In 1997, the company was granted exclusive concession rights over the West Zone by the Metropolitan Waterworks and

Sewerage System (MWSS) for 25 years. This term was extended by 15 years to enable Maynilad to increase and accelerate

investments. In 2007, the company was re-privatized in a competitive bidding won by the Maynilad Water Holding

Company Inc. – a joint venture between Metro Pacific Investments Corporation (MPIC) and DMCI Holdings, Inc. (DMCI).

Marubeni Corporation of Japan acquired a 20-percent stake in Maynilad Water Holding Company, Inc. in 2013, and

became a strategic partner of the Metro Pacific-DMCI consortium.

Maynilad is the water and wastewater services provider for the 17 cities and municipalities that comprise the West Zone

of the greater Metro Manila area. These include Manila (except portions of San Andres and Sta. Ana), Quezon City

(including areas west of San Juan River, West Avenue, EDSA, Congressional, Mindanao Avenue, the northern part starting

from the Districts of Holy Spirit and Batasan Hills), Makati (west of South Super Highway), Caloocan, Pasay, Paranaque, Las

Pinas, Muntinlupa, Valenzuela, Navotas and Malabon, all in Metro Manila; and the cities of Cavite, Bacoor and Imus, and

the towns of Kawit, Noveleta and Rosario, all in the Province of Cavite.

Maynilad operates and maintains 3 water treatment plants, 14 wastewater treatment plants, 24 water pump stations, 24

reservoirs, 7,306 kilometres of water pipelines, 35 lift stations and pump stations and 513 kilometres of sewer lines.

Twenty-four (24) of its major facilities are ISO 9001:2008 (Quality Management System), ISO 14001:2004 (Environment

Management System) and OHSAS 18001:2007 (Occupational Safety and Health Management System) certified, namely:

La Mesa Treatment Plants 1 & 2 (Water Treatment), Dagat-Dagatan Sewage and Septage Treatment Plant, Tondo Sewage

Pumping Plant, North Caloocan Business Area, Water Network Head Office and its 7 Pump Stations (La Mesa,

Commonwealth, Caloocan, D. Tuazon, Algeciras, Villamor and Noveleta) with additional 5 Pump Stations certified in 2013

(Baesa, Ermita, Patindig, Marcos Alvarez, Pagcor), La Mesa Maintenance Shop, Corporate Quality, Environment, Safety

and Health (CQESH), Central Laboratory, Warehouse (Central Depot, Arocerros, Cordillera and Valenzuela Materials

Depot) and Human Resources.

The two water treatment plants are the La Mesa Treatment Plants 1 & 2, which have design capacity of 1,500 MLD

(million liters per day) and 900 MLD respectively. A third fairly, the Putatan Water Treatment Plant (PWTP) with a design

capacity of 100 MLD which sources its raw water from Laguna Lake.

The wastewater treatment facilities for sewage, septage and biosolids, are as follows:

Dagat-Dagatan Sewage & Septage Treatment Plant, which has a land area of 15 ha and capacity of 26 MLD. The

septage treatment plant produces 22 cu. m. per day biosolids. These biosolids are registered as organic fertilizers

of the Fertilizer & Pesticide Authority. The plant is a registered manufacturer, distributor and warehouse of

organic fertilizer.

Tondo Sewage Pumping Plant which has 50,310 sewer service connections and pumping capacity of 432 MLD.

Alabang Sewage Treatment Plant has a capacity of 10 MLD.

7 lift stations (Sta. Cruz, Legarda, Port Area, Luneta, Sta. Ana, Malate and Paco),and 1 communal septic tank (Roosevelt)

Congressional Sewage Treatment Plant (Turned-over on Feb. 2012)

Grant Sewage Treatment Plant (Turned-over to Maynilad Sept. 2013)

Legal Sewage Treatment Plant (Turned-over to Maynilad Aug. 2013)

Paco Sewage Treatment Plant and Baesa Sewage Treatment Plant (Turned-over to Maynilad Aug. 2013)

In line with its Quality, Environment, Safety and Health Policy (Annex 1), Maynilad has been actively involved in different

environmental protection programs such as the Watershed Management Program. Together with the Manila Water

Company, Inc., Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS), Department of Environment and Natural

Resources (DENR), and Maynilad forged an agreement with the Bantay Kalikasan Foundation to formulate a program for

the management of Ipo and La Mesa Watersheds.

Maynilad has also tied-up with other companies, the DENR, MWSS, PLDT-Smart, the National Commission on Indigenous

People (NCIP) and the Local Government Unit (LGU) of Norzagaray, Bulacan for a sustainable tree planting program at the

Ipo Watershed. Other environmental programs are the Manila Bay coastal clean-up, Mangrove Planting Program in Cavite

City, Kawit and Bacoor, solid waste management and hazardous waste management. Aside from those mentioned

environmental programs, Maynilad is strictly complying with the regulatory requirements in wastewater discharge, air

emission and other required environmental clearances.

In addition, Maynilad has been included in the Resilient Organizations Built for Transformation of the Philippines (ROBUST

PHIL) Project. The program has a developmental objective in building capacities of the nation’s mission critical enterprises

so as to make them resilient. These enterprises would in turn be able to serve the people better, especially after a disaster

or crisis. Program would seek to achieve the objective through adoption of global best practices and alignment against

international standards on enterprise risk management, business continuity and information security.

For 2010, Maynilad participated in the Green Philippines Island of Sustainability (GPIoS). A continuation of the Green

Philippines Project, GPIoS is an attempt to change the microclimate of Metro Manila and the CALABARZON region by

creating awareness, providing technical assistance to the participating companies and advocating and aligning it with

government strategy. The Maynilad Environment Team attended trainings and workshops for the accomplishment of the

project such as Cleaner Production, Material Flow Analysis, Environmental Costs and Controlling, Project Management,

Environmental Reporting and Marketing, and Legal Compliance with the end product of accomplishing the company’s

own Environmental Report to be validated by the GPIoS team.

The IMS certified facilities of Maynilad are also maintaining energy conservation programs as part of their environment

management plan and mitigation plan regarding greenhouse gases emission. To strengthen its commitment in the

environmental protection and energy conservation, Maynilad launched the Greenhouse Gases (GHG) and Air Emissions

Inventory Development Project on February 2, 2010 in partnership with the Philippine Business for the Environment (PBE)

and Clean Air Initiative for Asian Cities (CAI-Asia). The project aims to establish carbon footprint, identify emission

reduction measures for improved environment and financial performance and establish project proposal for carbon

credits and Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). This will enhance the company’s environmental and sustainability

performance and strengthen its corporate social responsibility adherence.

The Inventory Management Plan

The Inventory Management Plan (IMP) is an important tool for maintaining the sustainability of the GHG and air pollutant

emissions inventory. It lays out the details of the inventory such as the boundaries, calculation methodologies, data

management process flows, management roles, auditing and verification and other important details. It is the blueprint of

the inventory and would serve as a guide for anyone who would want to understand the details of Maynilad’s GHG and air

pollutant inventory. 1

Maynilad’s GHG and air pollutant inventory management plan was based on the standard format that the World

Resources Institute is promoting.

1 Please read the Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard of the GHG Protocol for more information on general GHG inventories.

Table of Contents

List of Tables Table 1. Contact details of Green Team Members and Secretariat 2 Table 2. List of Emissions by Activity/Equipment 5 Table 3: Vehicle Categories according to the UNEP TNT Clean Fleet Toolkit 8 Table 4: Changes in the Categories in the UNEP TNT Clean Fleet Toolkit 8 Table 5: Vehicle Emission Standards in the Philippines 9 Table 6: Vehicle Types and Weights 9 Table 7: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Vehicles 9 Table 8: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Internal Combustion Engines 9 Table 9: Default Values for Methane Correction Factor and Biomass Yield 11 Table 10: Values obtained from Table 10 utilized for the estimation of DDSSTP emissions 11 Table 11: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Wastewater System – Facultative Lagoon 11 Table 12: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Wastewater System – Discharge Pathway 11 Table 13: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Electricity Consumption 12 Table 14: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Business Flights 13 Table 15: Travel Distances 13

Company Information General Information 1 Inventory Contact and Information 1 Company Objectives 3

Boundary Conditions Organizational Boundaries 4 Operational Boundaries 5

Emissions Quantification Scope 1: Direct Emissions 7 Scope 2: Indirect Emission from Purchased Electricity 12 Scope 3: Other Indirect Emissions 13 Emission Factors and Other Constants 14 User’s Guide for the GHG and AP Emissions Accounting Tool 14

Data Management Data Collection 15 Quality Assurance 15 Inventory Uncertainties 15

Frequency of Reporting 15 Base Year

Recalculation of Base Year Emissions 16 Management tools Roles and Responsibilities 17 Training 17

Document Retention and Control Policy 17 Auditing and Verification 17 Management Review 17 Corrective Action 17

References 18 Annex 1 Quality, Environment, Safety and Health (QESH) Policy Annex 2 List of Facilities Annex 3 List of Emissions Sources by Scope, Group and Facility Annex 4 List of Emission Factors Annex 5 Data Collection Process Flowcharts Annex 6 User’s Guide for the GHG and Air Pollutant Emissions Accounting Tool

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Company Information

General Information Company Name: Maynilad Water Services, Inc. Company Address: MWSS Compound, Katipunan Road Balara, 1105 Quezon City Phone: (+63 2) 981-3484 & (+63 2) 981-3485 Fax: (+63 2) 981-3481 Type of Industry: Water and Wastewater Services Provider Coverage of Service: West Zone of the Greater Manila Area Date Established: 1 August 1997

MWSS was privatized on August 1, 1997 with Maynilad Water Services, Inc. as concessionaire of the West Zone of the greater Manila area Total No. of Employees: 2,226 (as of December 31, 2013)

Inventory Contacts

The process for preparing the Integrated Greenhouse Gases and Air Pollutants (GHG/AP) Emissions Inventory is led by the

“Maynilad Green Team” which was organized through a memorandum from the President dated September 30, 2014.

The key contacts are: FRANCISCO A. ARELLANO Project Head Vice-President – Corporate Quality, Environment, Safety and Health frankie.arellano@mayniladwater.com.ph +(63 2) 981-3481, +(63) 918-9263236 ENRIQUE G. DE GUZMAN Deputy Project Head Head, Integrated Management System enrique.deguzman@mayniladwater.com.ph +(63 2) 981-3484 +(63) 920-9183214

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The team is composed of representatives from the following operational units and departments:

Table 1. Contact details of Green Team Members and Secretariat

Name Unit/ Department Email Phone

Francisco A. Arellano Corporate QESH frankie.arellano@mayniladwater.com.ph 09189263236/ 9813481

Enrique G. De Guzman Corporate QESH enrique.deguzman@mayniladwater.com.ph 09209183214/ 9813486

Kris G. Catangcatang Corporate QESH kris.catangcatang@mayniladwater.com.ph 09178247986/ 9813484

John Emmanuel B. Martinez

Corporate QESH emman.martinez@mayniladwater.com.ph 09178049276/ 9813484

Michael M. Sablas Corporate QESH michael.sablas@mayniladwater.com.ph 9813484

Gianna I. Veracruz (Secretariat)

Corporate QESH gianna.veracruz@mayniladwater.com.ph 9813484

Jeric Daniel M. Axalan Business Area Operations jeric.axalan@mayniladwater.com.ph 09272720941/ 9813475

Teresita L. Hapal Business Area Operations teresita.hapal@mayniladwater.com.ph 9813475

Renson D. Gloriane Central NRW renson.gloriane@mayniladwater.com.ph

Junielyn E. Rodriguez Central NRW junielyn.rodriguez@mayniladwater.com.ph

Mae Liza S. Velasquez HR Division mae.velasquez@mayniladwater.com.ph 9813348

Lolita M. Lota Finance lolit.lota@mayniladwater.com.ph 09185023598

Grace A. Laguardia Logistics grace.laguardia@mayniladwater.com.ph 09285012189/ 9815363

Glenneth S. Magtalas Logistics glenn.magtalas@mayniladwater.com.ph 09336004656/ 9813364

Samuel Gerald T. Saludez II

Logistics gerald.saludez@mayniladwater.com.ph

09228112951/ 9813363

Adrianne M. Andres Wastewater Management Division

adrianne.andres@mayniladwater.com.ph 09184192185/ 9813403

Abigail Corazon R. Atienza

Wastewater

Management Division abi08_atienza@yahoo.com 09228486886/ 09053024829/ 9813405

Xandra Mae B. Borais

Wastewater

Management Division xandra.borais@mayniladwater.com.ph 09175576908/ 09998856179/ 9813405

Jessica H. Agarap Water Network elaine.chang@mayniladwater.com.ph

Ressie D. Vicente Water Network ress.vicente@mayniladwater.com.ph 09285518192/ 5284173

John Jerald De Jesus Water Production lp2.shiftofficers@mayniladwater.com.ph 307-219, 430-73-24, 430-72-97 loc. 101

Juvelene C. Ydia Water Production (LMTP1)

juvelen.ydia@mayniladwater.com.ph 430-3199

Marlon Araracap Water Production (LMTP1)

430-3199

Roxanne Reyes Water Production (LMTP2)

rox.reyes@mayniladwater.com.ph 430-72-19, 430-73-24, 430-72-97

Adrianne Rose Castillo Water Production (LMTP2)

lp2.shiftofficers@mayniladwater.com.ph 430-72-19, 430-73-24, 430-72-97 loc. 101

Romer S. Jumawan Water Production (PWTP) roms.jumawan@mayniladwater.com.ph 09066200276/ 8626268

Mark Vincent Q. Talosig Water Production marvin.talosig@mayniladwater.com.ph 8626268

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Company Objectives

The following are the specific objectives of Maynilad in undertaking the Greenhouse Gases (GHG) and Air Emissions Inventory Development Project:

To establish the 2009 emissions inventory, as base year, that would represent a true and fair account of GHG and air pollutant emissions through the use of standardized approaches and principles.

To account for GHG and air pollutant emissions annually.

To minimize and manage the adverse impacts of our operations on the environment by optimizing the use of our resources, reducing the generation of waste and controlling the emission of pollutants to air, water and land.

To provide the company with information that can be used to yield an effective corporate environment strategy or program to manage and reduce these emissions and possibly participate in the carbon market.

To foster awareness of employees on environmental protection, particularly with respect to water resources and enhance employee participation in company environmental programs.

To complement the company’s integrated management system particularly ISO 14001 (Environment Management System).

To reduce environmental risks.

To enhance the company’s environmental and sustainability performance.

To strengthen corporate social responsibility adherence.

To generate cost savings.

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Boundary Conditions

Organizational Boundaries Organizational boundaries pertain to boundaries defined by the organizational structures and the relationships among the

parties involved. Operational boundaries are set to distinguish which emissions from the operations of the company it

emits directly and indirectly. Detailed scoping exercises were done during the initial meetings in order to properly set the

boundaries for the inventory.

Maynilad has adopted the operational approach for GHG and air pollutant emissions. This means that Maynilad accounts

for emissions of facilities over which it has full control as well as for shared facilities (i.e. office buildings, common purpose

facilities). Emissions from contracted-out activities are included in cases where reliable data are available.

List of Facilities The initial list of facilities that were considered for the inventory can be found in Annex 2. For purposes of operation and

emissions accounting, these are categorized into the following groups:

Central Non-Revenue Water – covers the CNRW Main Office in Bangkal and CNRW

Office in Arroceros, IMM Office (old Pasay Business Area), Meter Laboratory

Corporate – covers the Balara Head Office (BAO, CQESH, ITS, HR, Finance, WMD,

PMD, Corporate Logistics, Commercial and Marketing), Central Laboratory,

Warehouse (Central Warehouse, Arroceros, Balara Office, Cordillera)

Business Areas – covers the 12 Business Area offices of Maynilad. For the GHG and

air pollutant accounting, satellite warehouses are included in the corresponding

business areas.

Water Network – covers the Reservoirs (Bagbag, Binuksuk, Sacred Heart, Ayala

Alabang), Pump Stations (Algeciras, Caloocan, D. Tuazon, Ermita, Espiritu, Fairview,

La Mesa, Novaliches, Noveleta, Pasay, Tondo, Villamor, Pagcor, Marcos Alvarez,

Daang-Hari, Baesa), Mini Boosters, Deep Well Stations, In-line Boosters and other

special equipment, Maintenance shop (within La Mesa Compound), Water Network

training facility.

Water Production – covers the La Mesa Water Treatment Plants 1 & 2, Putatan

Water Treatment Plant, Common Purpose Facilities (CPF) Office, Ipo Office Buidling,

and Bicti Desilting Basin. For the GHG/AP inventory, it also takes into account the

Central Laboratory.

Wastewater Management – covers Dagat-Dagatan Sewage and Septage Treatment

Plant, Alabang Sewage Treatment Plant, Tondo Sewage Pumping Plant, Project 7

Imhoff Tank & Field Office, lift stations and pump stations, Roosevelt (AMA)

Communal Septic Tank, Congressional STP, Legal STP, Grant STP, Paco STP, Baesa

STP, Vitas Berde Loading Facility

Maynilad also shares the following facilities with other companies:

Office Buildings - Located in Main Office in Balara, Quezon City and CNRW in

Bangkal, Makati.

Common Purpose Facilities namely Ipo Dam and Office Building, Bicti Desilting

Basin, CPF Office (La Mesa)

The inventory shall only include sources, which are operational and are significant contributors to the total emissions of

the company.

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Operational Boundaries

Operational boundaries are set to determine which emissions are to be directly and indirectly accounted for by the

company.

GHGs and Air Pollutants The following emissions are included in the inventory:

Kyoto Gases – Carbon dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4) and Nitrous oxide (N2O)2

Air Pollutants – Particulate matter, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Sulphur oxides (SOx), and

Carbon monoxide (CO).3

Table 2: List of Emissions by Activity/Equipment

Activity/Equipment Greenhouse Gases Air Pollutants

CO2 CH4 N2O PM CO VOC SOx NOx

Electricity consumption

Vehicles

Internal Combustion Engines

Wastewater treatment process-related emissions

Business Flights4

Emission Source Identification Procedure The emissions sources were identified by the Green Team together with management in the planning session at the start

of the inventory process. A more detailed list of facilities and emissions sources were then compiled through a scoping

exercise by the Green Team (see Annex 3 for the complete scoping sheets)

Direct Sources (Scope 1) Scope 1 emissions are emissions directly coming from activities or equipment within the facilities that are operationally

controlled by Maynilad. The following are identified by the Green Team as main sources of scope 1 emissions:

Internal Combustion Engines

This category includes equipment such as water pumps, air compressors, trash pumps, forklifts,

generator set, grass cutters and lawn mowers.

Vehicles

The emissions from company-owned vehicles are to be accounted for by Maynilad. The company

fleet composes of both gasoline and diesel vehicles. Most of them are passenger vehicles though

utility trucks and motorcycles are also present.

Process emissions from wastewater treatment and biosolids production

Fugitive methane emissions from wastewater treatment and biosolids production are included in

this inventory.

2 The other Kyoto gases – Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs); Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) are not included since

these are not relevant to the operations of Maynilad 3 Lead is excluded because these are either insignificant in amounts or are irrelevant to the operations of the company. Lead is also excluded because it has been banned as additive in fuels in the country. 4 Hydrocarbon (HC) emissions are included in the calculations as the emission factors are available.

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Indirect Sources (Scope 2) Scope 2 emissions pertain to indirect emissions from purchased electricity. The operations of the company are dependent

on the use of electricity from the grid. Scope 2 emissions account for the generated emissions by the power plants within

the source grid and are categorized as indirect emissions.

Other Indirect Sources (Scope 3)

Scope 3 emissions refer to those generated by activities which are not operationally controlled by Maynilad but are

considered important to their operations (e.g. activities of contractors, business travel and employee commute). Scope 3

emissions from a particular activity are normally included where reliable data is available. For Maynilad’s emissions

inventory, only emissions from business air travel are included as Scope 3 emissions.

Please refer to Annex 3 for a complete listing of all Scope 1, 2, 3 emissions included or excluded in Maynilad facilities.

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Emissions Quantification The GHG and AP emissions of Maynilad are estimated using the emission factor approach. Published emission factors

from globally-accepted emissions quantification tools and guidance materials are used while actual activity data (e.g.

electricity consumption, fuel consumption, etc.) was used whenever possible. The basic formula used in the emission

factor approach is:

A x EF x (1-ER/100) = E Wherein: A = activity data EF = emission factor ER = emission reduction efficiency

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E = emissions

The activity data is the measure of extent of the activities, which emit emissions. An emission factor is a representative

value that attempts to relate the quantity of a pollutant released into the atmosphere with an activity associated with the

release of the pollutant. Ideally, emission factors applied are those specific for the fuel used (based on analysis of e.g. fuel

oil) or the equipment (based on emission analysis of e.g. boilers), provided analyses is conducted frequently enough to

reflect the variability of emissions over time.

Calculation tools were developed by CAI-Asia to assist Maynilad in calculating both GHG and AP emissions. The GHG

calculations in the developed tools are consistent with those of the tools of the GHG protocol. Moreover, these tools were

developed to calculate GHGs as well as criteria air pollutants, which are currently not covered by the GHG Protocol.

Scope 1: Direct Emissions Scope 1 or direct emissions are generated by sources, which are operationally controlled by Maynilad. The sections below

explain the sources of Maynilad’s direct emissions and how the emissions are calculated.

Company-owned Vehicles The calculation sheet for the mobile sources is an adaptation of the UNEP-TNT Clean Fleet Management Toolkit- Tool 18.

6

This was used as a basis for the calculations as it provides emission factors (CO2 and criteria air pollutants) for the

different types of vehicles. Also, the emission factors it provides have been derived from tests done in developing

countries. The tool lacks the emission factors for CH4 and N2O, which are now sourced from the IPCC7 and WRI.

8(From

IPPC, the value for the Global Warming Potential is used as conversion factor to get CO2 mass equivalent for CH4, 21, and

N2O, 310)

The GHG emissions are estimated by multiplying the fuel consumption of the vehicles (based on categories as explained in

the paragraph below) and their corresponding emission factors. Air pollutant emissions are estimated by multiplying

distance-travelled9 data with distance-based emission factors.

The UNEP-TNT Fleet Management Toolkit categorizes the vehicles based on weight, fuel type and the emission control

technologies found in the vehicles and/or their compliance to the Euro emissions standards. The original categories in the

toolkit are:

5 Most of the calculated emissions in this inventory assume no control. See the appendix for the details of the emission factors used.

6 http://www.unep.org/pcfv/meetings/cleanfleettoolkit.asp

7Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).Greenhouse Gas Inventory Reference Manual:

IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 3, United Nations Environment Programme, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, the International Energy Agency, and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 1996, Table 1-25. 8 World Resources Institute. 2008. GHG Protocol tool for mobile combustion. Version 2.0.

9 If actual data is not available, averages from the UNEP-TNT Toolkit are used.

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Table 3: Vehicle Categories according to the UNEP TNT Clean Fleet Toolkit Categories Sub-categories

Passenger

cars

Petrol - without catalyst

Petrol - with 3-way catalyst

Diesel - without Particulate Matter filter

Diesel - with PM filter

Light duty

trucks & buses

Light duty - pre Euro

Light duty - Euro I+II

Light duty - III+IV

Light duty - Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV)

Medium duty

trucks & buses

Medium duty - pre Euro

Medium duty - Euro I+II

Medium duty - Euro III+IV

Medium duty - Euro V

Heavy duty

trucks & buses

Heavy duty - pre-Euro

Heavy duty - Euro I+II

Heavy duty - Euro III+IV

Heavy duty - Euro V

Motorcycles

Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines

Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines

To make the tool more user-friendly and more applicable to the terms being used in the Philippines, the original listing of

categories had been renamed according to the equivalent specifications, particularly the passenger car categories as

shown in the table below:

Table 4: Changes in the Categories in the UNEP TNT Clean Fleet Toolkit Original Categories Revised Categories

Passenger car – Petrol - without catalyst Passenger car – Petrol – Pre-Euro and Euro 1

Passenger car – Petrol – with 3 way catalyst Passenger car – Petrol – Euro 2 and above10

Passenger car – Diesel - without particulate matter filter Passenger car – Diesel – Pre-Euro up to Euro 2

Passenger car – Diesel – with particulate matter filter Passenger car – Diesel – Euro 3 and above

Due to the limitations of the UNEP-TNT tool in terms of providing a good number of vehicle categories, the vehicles are

categorized according to their year of manufacturing, thus capturing the vehicle emission standards that they have. In the

Philippines, Euro 1 was introduced in 2003 and Euro 2 standards in 2008. Even though the vehicle classification in the tool

is limited, it gives a good overview of the emissions from the different types of vehicles in the fleet. There are vehicles,

which are compliant with higher Euro standards. If this is indicated by the manufacturer, it is important that these

vehicles be categorized into the proper group.

10

According to the EMEP/Corinair Emissions inventory Handbook (2007), three-way catalysts were first introduced in Euro 1 passenger cars. This inventory, however, treats the improved closed-loop three-way catalysts, which were first introduced in Euro 2 passenger cars, as the “3-way catalysts.”

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Table 5: Vehicle Emission Standards in the Philippines Standard Guidance

Pre-Euro any vehicle model <200311

Euro I vehicle models from January 2003 to December 2007

Euro II vehicle models from January 2008

Euro III and above

some exemptions such as Honda passenger cars released from 2003 in the Philippines are already Euro 4 compliant

Table 6: Vehicle Types and Weights Vehicle Type Gross Vehicle Weight

Passenger cars < 2.2 tons

Light truck >2.2 to 4.5 tons

Medium truck >4.5 to 15 tons

Heavy truck >15 tons

The activity data needed for the calculation of the emissions for the company-owned vehicles are:

Table 7: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Vehicles Data variable Unit Use

Fuel consumption Liters Activity data

Distance traveled12

Km Activity data

Weight of vehicle Tons For categorization

Vehicle emission standard According to Euro Standards For categorization

Internal Combustion Sources

The emissions from other internal combustion engines used in Maynilad are accounted for in this engine category. Internal combustion engines such as aerial lifts, forklifts, generators, are some of the examples of the sources, which can be included here. The USEPA AP-42 Chapter 3.3

13 and Chapter 3.4

14 are used in the development of the calculation sheet for this category.

The data needed for the calculation of the emissions for the internal combustion engines are:

Table 8: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Internal Combustion Engines

Data variable Unit Use

Fuel consumption Liters Activity data

Rating Horsepower For categorization

Availability of NOx controls Yes or No Used in the calculation of the NOx emissions

Density of fuel used15

Kg/L For converting fuel volume to weight

Sulfur content of fuel16

% For SOx emissions

Other Scope 1 Emissions The direct emissions from other relatively small contributors are lumped under this category. For the first inventory of

Maynilad, this only includes fugitive emissions from wastewater lagoons and biosolids production as it has been decided

11

“Vehicle models” refer to passenger cars, light, medium and heavy trucks. It does not include motorcycles. 12

If the odometer readings are not available, default fuel efficiency values can be used to convert the fuel consumption figures into distance figures. The tool adopts the fuel efficiency values from the UNEP –TNT Clean Fleet Management Toolkit. If better figures, which may closely reflect the fuel efficiency of the vehicles of the Maynilad Fleet, are available, these should be used. 13

Gasoline and Diesel Industrial Engines 14

Large Stationary and all Stationary Dual-fuel Engines 15

Fuel oil only 16

500 ppm, as per the current standards in the Philippines

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that the other sources (such as LPG consumption which was initially considered but eventually excluded because little

emissions were generated) only emit a very minute amount of emissions as compared to the other sources. However,

future inventories may include other sources as well.

Fugitive Emissions from Wastewater Lagoons

When considering greenhouse gas emissions from wastewater treatment systems, there are two primary classes

of biological treatment units: aerobic treatment units and anaerobic treatment units. Some treatment units, such as

facultative lagoons, may be a mixture of the two, with aerobic zones near the surface of the lagoon and anaerobic zones

in the lower depths of the lagoon. Regardless of the type of biological treatment employed, the biochemical reactions are

similar, with organic carbon compounds being oxidized to form new cells, CO2 and/or CH4 and water.

Maynilad accounted for fugitive emissions from wastewater lagoons of the Dagat-dagatan Sewage and Septage

Treatment Plant (DDSSTP) and emissions from the discharge pathway of Tondo Sewage Pumping Plant (TSPP), DDSSTP,

Alabang STP and Congressional STP.

In the estimation of fugitive emissions for DDSSTP, Maynilad utilized the methods stated in the Greenhouse Gas

Emissions Estimation Methodologies for Biogenic Emissions from Selected Source Categories: Solid Waste Disposal,

Wastewater Treatment and Ethanol Fermentation that was prepared by Research Triangle Institute (RTI) for the U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Aerobic wastewater treatment systems produce primarily CO2, whereas anaerobic systems produce a mixture of

CH4 and CO2. Equations 3-1 and 3-2 provide a general means of estimating the CO2 and CH4 emissions directly from any

type of wastewater treatment process assuming all organic carbon removed from the wastewater is converted to either

CO2, CH4, or new biomass.

Where,

Qww= wastewater influent flowrate

OD = Oxygen demand of influent wastewater to the biological treatment unit determined as either BOD5 or COD

(mg/L = g/m3)

EffOD = Oxygen demand removal efficiency of the biological treatment unit

CFCO2= Conversion factor for maximum CO2 generation per unit of oxygen demand

= 44/32 = 1.375 g CO2/ g oxygen demand

CFCH4= Conversion factor for maximum CH4 generation per unit of oxygen demand

= 16/32 = 0.5 g CH4/ g oxygen demand

MCFWW = methane correction factor for wastewater treatment unit, indicating the fraction of the influent

oxygen demand that is converted anaerobically in the wastewater treatment unit

BGCH4= Fraction of carbon as CH4 in generated biogas (default is 0.65)

λ = Biomass yield (g C converted to biomass/g C consumed in the wastewater

treatment process

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Table 9: Default Values for Methane Correction Factor and Biomass Yield

Table 10: Values obtained from Table 10 utilized for the estimation of DDSTP emissions.

Facility Name Process MCF Λ

DDSSTP Facultative Lagoon, shallow 0.2 0

For DDSSTP, the treatment process in the lagoons can undergo partial anaerobic and aerobic process. Thus, CO2 and CH4

emissions can both occur in the system.

Table 11: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Wastewater System – Facultative Lagoon

Data variable Unit Use

Volume of Wastewater Treated cubic meters Activity data

BOD concentration mg/L Activity data

Table 12: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Wastewater System – Discharge Pathway

Data variable Unit Use

Volume of Wastewater Treated cubic meters Activity data

BOD removed ton/m3 Activity data

COD removed ton/m3 Activity Data

Actual BOD and COD values from the treatment process were used in the estimation of greenhouse gas

emissions from Maynilad Wastewater Treatment Systems. Influent and effluent BOD were obtained from the

consolidated laboratory results of 2009.

Maynilad also accounted for fugitive emissions from biosolids production prior to land application. It is possible

that biosolids in the form of a wet cake could generate and emit CH4 during storage. Based on research of CH4 and N2O

emissions from materials with similar physical and nutrient qualities to biosolids, CH4 and N2O emissions factors were

developed and can be used in combination with the number of days that biosolids are stored in order to determine

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emissions for these two GHGs (Sylvis, 2009). Estimation of emissions was based from Biosolids Emissions Assessment

Model for Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Canadian Biosolids Management Practices by Sylvis (2009).

Fugitive Emissions from Biosolids Production

Fugitive emissions from biosolids production prior to land application are also included. Estimation of emissions was

based from Biosolids Emissions Assessment Model for Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Canadian Biosolids

Management Practices by Sylvis (2009).

The equation used in estimating the CH4 emissions from storage of biosolids prior to land application is adopted from

Sylvis (2009).

a) If the solids content of the biosolids is < 55%, then:

Notes: CO2eq is CO2 equivalent expressed in tons Volume of biosolids are expressed in m

3

CH4emissions from stored biosolids is 0.0091 kg/m3-day

17

GWP is the Global Warming Potential of CH4, which is 21

b) If the solids content of the biosolids is > 55%, then CH4 = 0

Scope 2: Indirect Emissions from Purchased Electricity Scope 2 emissions exclusively refer to emissions generated from the consumption of purchased electricity. Indirect

emissions from purchased electricity are calculated using emission factors calculated from official electricity data from the

Department of Energy. Due to the lack of data on the pollution abatement efficiencies of the power plants in the grid, it is

assumed that the abatement efficiencies are 0% to uphold the concept of conservativeness18

in estimation of emissions

pending availability of actual information. A single emission factor for the Luzon and Visayas grids is used because these

two grids are interconnected.19

Low-cost, must-run renewable energy resources are assumed to be zero-emissions.

The emission factor of the power grid for the baseline inventory was computed using the 2009 power generation data

from the Department of Energy (DOE). Every year, the department posts in its website the power generated for the

previous year.

Table 13: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Electricity Consumption

Data variable Unit Use Electricity consumption kWh Activity data

Electricity generation (by plant type)

MWh For subsequent years, the emission factor of the grid needs to be updated. The electricity generation data for the grid is used to calculate the said emission factor. The data can be downloaded from the DOE’s Powerstats website

17

(Clemens et al., 2006 as cited by Sylvis) 18

Conservativeness means that emission reduction calculations shall not be overestimated. 19

The details of the emission factor quantification methodology can be found in http://www.klima.ph/cd4cdm/documents/baseline_intro.php

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Scope 3: Other Indirect Emissions Scope 3 captures all the other indirect emissions, which are generated outside of Maynilad’s control but are important to

the operations of Maynilad.

Contracted-out Vehicles The emissions from the contracted-out vehicles (if data is available) are computed using the same methodology described

in the earlier section on company-owned (Scope 1) vehicles.

Contracted-out Equipment (internal combustion engines) The emissions from the contracted-out equipment (if data is available) are computed using the same methodology

described in the earlier section on company-owned (Scope 1) internal combustion engines.

Business Travel (Business Flights only) Emissions from business flights are included in the inventory. The table below shows the pertinent information that is

needed to calculate the flight emissions.

Table 14: Data Needed for Estimating Emissions from Business Flights

Data variable Unit Use Distance (one-way) Kms Activity data

Cabin class

Identify whether the flight is economy, premium economy, business class, first class (or if unknown – put “average”)

To allocate the emissions for each of the passengers (for GHG emissions only)

Number of passengers Number of people To allocate the air pollutant emissions to the passengers

In order to calculate the GHG emissions from the flights, the tool adopts the methodology of the “2009 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting”.

20 It takes into account the uplift factor by assigning +9%

to the distance, as recommended by the IPCC Aviation and Global Atmosphere 8.2.2.3. The basic formula used in the calculation of the GHG emissions is:

The emission factors for the GHGs are dependent on the type of flight (short, medium or long haul) and the cabin class.

Table 15: Travel Distances

Type Distance (kilometers) Short <=463

Medium 464-1108

Long >1108

For the criteria air pollutants, only NOx, CO and HC are calculated. The EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 was used as a guide.

21 The said guidebook provides general emission factors for “various aircrafts” and

these were used for simplicity. The vehicle kilometers travelled are translated into the appropriate emission factors (see Annex 4) and the resulting figure is divided by the number of passengers in the flight to get the per passenger emissions.

( )

20

Produced by the Association of European Airlines 21

http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/EMEPCORINAIR5/page017.html

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It is assumed that short flights (such as local flights) are done using smaller planes. The calculations assume that an Airbus 319 is the type of plane used in these short flights. It has a capacity of 134 passengers.

22 For medium and long haul flight,

the calculations assume that an Airbus 320 is used which has a maximum capacity of 177.23

An 80% occupancy rate is assumed as well.

24

Emission Factors and other Constants Please refer to Annex 4 for the emission factors and other constants that were used in the calculations are found. If emission factors that are more specific to the operations of Maynilad be available, these shall supersede the existing emission factors. Any changes in the emission factors shall be noted as well as the reason for the changes.

User’s Guide for the GHG and AP Emissions Accounting Tool The User’s Guide for the GHG and Air Pollutant Emissions Accounting Tool for Maynilad is a step-by-step guide for using the tool and explains the different components of the sheets that are within the said tool. The User’s Guide does not explain the logic of the calculations, the equations used, as well as the references of the default parameters that were used. Also, it does not discuss where the inputs are to be collected from within the organization. These are documented in the inventory management plan. See Annex 6

22

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_A320_family 23

http://www.seatmaestro.com/airplanes-seat-maps/qatar-airways-airbus-a320-321-177-pax.html 24

Murty. Greenhouse Gas Pollution in the Stratosphere Due to Increasing Airplane Traffic, Effects on the Environment. http://www.areco.org/planetravel.pdf

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Data Management

This section discusses the components that are pertinent to the management of data for the GHG inventory of Maynilad.

Data Collection Based on the identified Scope 1, 2 and 3 emission sources, an Excel-based data collection form was developed by CAI-Asia

in collaboration with the Green Team. The data collection forms would be the instrument for data collection and the data

gathered shall be linked with the calculation tools.

The Green Team has also developed simplified flowcharts, which represent how data shall be collected for the different

major emission sources of Maynilad (please refer to Annex 5).

Quality Assurance To ensure the quality and integrity of data collected, the Green Team will meet every four months to discuss activity data

and results of emissions for internal quality assurance review. Each group (Corporate, Business Area, Water Network,

Water Production, and Wastewater Management) is responsible for ensuring quality of activity data and computed

emissions, and presenting at trimestral meetings of Green Team for internal review. Annex 5 also includes details on

which units shall be responsible for validating the primary data (from the current existing procedures) that will be used in

the inventory.

Inventory Uncertainties GHG inventories are associated with uncertainties. For example, many direct and indirect factors related with global

warming potentials (GWP) values that are used to combine emission estimates for various GHG involve significant

scientific uncertainty. Analyzing and quantifying such uncertainty is likely to be beyond the capacity of most company

inventory programs. Moreover, it is also believed that all emissions or removal quantification are associated with

estimation uncertainty. There are two classifications of estimation uncertainty, namely: model uncertainty and parameter

uncertainty. Model uncertainty refers to the uncertainty associated with the mathematical equations (i.e. models) used to

characterize the relationships between various parameters and emission processes. Parameter uncertainty refers to the

uncertainty associated with quantifying the parameters used as inputs (e.g. activity data and emission factors) into

estimation models.

Frequency of Reporting For internal reporting, the members of the Green Team will provide activity data and emissions results every four months

in time for discussions at the scheduled trimestral Green Team meetings. Trimestral meetings are scheduled no later than

one month after end of trimester (i.e. February, July and October). Green Team subsequently updates Top Management

Team every trimester and annually for review.

For external reporting, results of the Maynilad GHG/AP emissions accounting will be submitted to Corporate

Communications for posting in the company website.

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Base Year

The base year is the year that will be used in assessing the direction of the emissions of Maynilad in the future. 2009 was

selected as the base year to account for the transition and re-organization, which took place in 2008.

Recalculation of Base Year Emissions

Structural Changes In the event of an acquisition or subsequent divestiture, the base year and subsequent years will be adjusted to include or

exclude the applicable emissions from each acquisition or divestiture, respectively. If the acquisition or divestiture did not

exist in the base years, the base years emissions will not be recalculated and adjustments to the inventory will be made as

far back as the data is available.

Methodology Changes If any changes to emission factors or calculation methodologies were found to result in significant differences,

adjustments will be made to the calculations for the years affected. Likewise, a base year adjustment will be made if

changes in calculations for the corresponding time frame or improvements in data accuracy lead to significant differences

in emissions. If the change is not significant that is not more than 5% or the data is not available for all past years, the new

methodology or calculation will be addressed in the report without recalculation to enhance transparency.

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Management Tools

Roles and Responsibilities The Green Team shall be responsible for the overall conduct of the GHG and air pollutant emissions inventory. Ensuring

the quality of the data collection and emissions estimation are core responsibilities of the Green Team. The management

shall be responsible for giving the overall direction of the emissions accounting and reduction initiatives of Maynilad.

Training In preparation for the 2009 GHG and air pollutant emissions inventory, members of the Green Team participated in a two-

day training workshop on the internationally accepted GHG protocol. For subsequent preparations of the GHG and air

pollutant emissions inventory, the Green Team will initiate at least one training/refresher seminar every year for both

existing and new team members.

Document Retention and Control Policy All information and records pertaining to the IMP, activity data, emission factors and emissions inventory results are

maintained by the IMS Department for a minimum of 3 years. Version control numbers in the cover page shall be applied

which indicates that that there were revisions made in the succeeding IMPs.

Auditing and Verification

Internal Auditing The green team shall conduct internal audit of its yearly inventory prior to finalization of the report. Internal audit shall be conducted through cross checking by different groups of the green team or shall tap services of the IMS internal auditors.

External Validation and/or Verification As the Philippines currently does not have local emissions inventory auditors/validators, Maynilad has acquired

services of TUV Rheinland in reviewing the GHG/AP emissions accounting process and results of its 2009 base

year inventory. Yearly inventories shall also be subject to external validation and/or verification.

Management Review The Green Team will update the Top Management Team (TMT) on any related recommendations every trimester. They

will also prepare an annual emissions summary for TMT review.

Corrective Action All corrective actions for the IMP and the emissions inventory will be implemented by the Green Team within an agreed

time frame with TMT, and documented accordingly.

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References

American Petroleum Institute (API). 2004. Compendium of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimation

Methodologies for the Oil and Gas Industry.. Available at:

http://www.api.org/~/media/files/ehs/climate-change/2009_ghg_compendium.pdf

Association of European Airlines. 2012. 2012 Guidelines to Defra/DECC’s GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting.

CDM Executive Board. 2009. AMS-III.H.: Methane recovery in wastewater treatment --- Version 13. Available at:

http://cdm.unfccc.int/methodologies/DB/38KXC1GFF824VHL2VB6K3FLNXJ8J5D/view.html

European Environmental Agency (EEA). 2007. EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8. Available

at http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/EMEPCORINAIR5/page017.html

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimation Methodologies for Biogenic Emissions from Selected Source Categories: Solid Waste Disposal, Wastewater Treatment and Ethanol Fermentation . Research Triangle Institute (RTI). December 2010. Retrieved from: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/efpac/ghg/GHG_Biogenic_Report_draft_Dec1410.pdf

Global Atmospheric Pollution Forum (GAPF). 2007. Global Atmospheric Pollution Forum Air Pollutant Emissions Inventory

Manual Ver 1.3. Available at http://www.sei.se/editable/pages/sections/atmospheric/Forum_emissions_manual_v1.1.pdf

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 1996. Revised 1996 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas

Inventories: Reference Manual. Available at http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gl/invs6.html

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 2006. 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.

Available at http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/index.html

Mejia, A. GHG Baseline Construction for the Philippine Electricity Grids. 2006. Available at The Global Atmospheric

Pollution Forum Air Pollutant Emissions Inventory Manual Ver 1.3.

http://www.klima.ph/cd4cdm/documents/baseline_intro.php

Murty, K. Greenhouse Gas Pollution in the Stratosphere Due to Increasing Airplane Traffic, Effects On the Environment

http://www.areco.org/planetravel.pdf

Sylvis. 2009. Biosolids Emissions Assessment Model for Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Canadian Biosolids Management Practices http://www.ccme.ca/files/Resources/waste/biosolids/beam_final_report_1432.pdf

United Nations Environment Programme – Partnership for Clean Fuels and Vehicles (UNEP-PCFV).UNEP-TNT Clean Fleet

Management Toolkit. Accessible at http://www.unep.org/tnt-unep/toolkit/

United States Department of Energy: 2000. Technical Support Document: Energy Efficiency Standards for Consumer

Products. Appendix K-2: Emissions Factors for Fuel Combustion from Natural Gas, LPG, and Oil-Fired Residential Water

Heaters. Washington, DC, Building Research and Standards Office. Available at:

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/pdfs/k-2.pdf

Villarin, et al. Tracking Greenhouse Gases – A Guide for Country Inventories

World Resources Institute (WRI). 2008. GHG Protocol Calculation Tools. Available at

http://www.ghgprotocol.org/calculation-tools/all-tools

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Other references from Maynilad:

Maynilad Water Services Inc QESH Policy

Maynilad Water Services Inc IMS documents

Maynilad Water Services Inc Website – www.mayniladwater.com.ph

Memo dated September 30, 2014 Re: Greenhouse Gases (GHG) Team

Maynilad Water Safety Plans (2012)

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Annexes

Annex 1 - Quality, Environment, Safety and Health Policy

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Annex 2 – List of Facilities

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Facility Excluded? Reasons for Exclusion

Water Production La Mesa Treatment Plant 1 No

Water Production La Mesa Treatment Plant 2 No

Water Production CPF Office No

Water Production Bicti Desilting Basin No

Water Production Ipo-Office Building No

Water Production Putatan Treatment Plant No Business Areas Cavite/Las Piñas Business Area No

Business Areas Fairview/Commonwealth Business Area No

Business Areas Malabon/Navotas Business Area No

Business Areas Muntinlupa Business Area No

Business Areas North Caloocan Business Area No

Business Areas Novaliches/Valenzuela Business Area No

Business Areas Parañaque Business Area No

Business Areas Quirino/Roosevelt Business Area No

Business Areas Sampaloc Business Area No

Business Areas South Caloocan Business Area No

Business Areas South Manila /Pasay/Makati Business Area No

Business Areas Tondo Business Area No

Corporate South Caloocan Warehouse No

Corporate Zabarte Warehouse No

Corporate Valenzuela Warehouse No

Corporate Cordillera Warehouse No

Corporate Arroceros Warehouse No

Corporate Imus Cavite Warehouse No

Corporate Paranaque Warehouse No

Corporate Muntinlupa Warehouse No

Corporate Central Materials Depot (Socea Bonna) No

Corporate Central Laboratory No

Corporate Head Office No

Corporate Environmental Management No

Corporate Fleet Management No

Corporate GIS No

Corporate Information Technology No

Corporate Safety No

Corporate Security No

Corporate Telemetry No

Central NRW Bangkal Office No

Central NRW Arroceros Office No

Central NRW IMM Office (old Pasay Business Area) No

Central NRW Meter Lab No

Water Network La Mesa Pumping Station No

Water Network La Mesa North C No New

Water Network Bagbag Reservoir & Pumping Station No

Water Network Fairview Ruby Booster Station Yes Inactive

Water Network Fairview # 3 Pumping and Reservoir Yes Inactive

Water Network Fairview # 4 Pumping and Reservoir Yes Inactive

Water Network Novaliches Pumping Station and Reservoir No

Water Network Sacred Heart Reservior No

Water Network Binuksuk Reservoir Yes No Emissions

Water Network Caloocan Pumping Station and Reservoir No

Water Network Tondo Pumping Station and Reservoir No

Water Network Algeciras Pumping Station and Reservoir No

Water Network Pasay Pumping Station and Reservoir No

Water Network Old Villamor Booster Station Yes For pull-out (MERALCO Power terminated Nov. 2010)

Water Network Villamor Booster Station No

Water Network Ermita Pumping Station and Reservoir No

Water Network Espiritu Pumping Station and Reservoir No

Water Network Noveleta Pumping Station and Reservoir No

Water Network D. Tuazon Pumping Station and Reservoir No

Water Network Commonwealth Booster Station No

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Water Network Pagcor Pump Station No

Water Network Ayala Alabang Reservoir 1 No

Water Network Ayala Alabang Reservoir 2 No

Water Network Southvale Booster No

Water Network Manga Mini Booster Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Vitas 1 Mini Booster No

Water Network Vitas 2 Mini Booster No

Water Network Pag-asa Mini Booster No

Water Network Zapote Mini Booster Yes Not Operational

Water Network Dampalit Mini Booster Yes Inactive

Water Network Lebanon Mini Booster No

Water Network Pio Mini Booster Yes Inactive

Water Network Hemlock Mini Booster Yes Inactive

Water Network Maharlika Mini Booster No

Water Network Phase 10 Mini Booster Yes Not Operational

Water Network Philtrade Mini Booster Plant Yes Not Operational

Water Network Greenview # 1 Yes Inactive

Water Network Greenview #2 Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Greenview #3 Yes Standby

Water Network Richland 1 Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Rolling Meadows 1 Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Rolling Meadows 2 Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network San Pedro 7 Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Remarville Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Rockville 2 No

Water Network Rainbow Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network North Point Yes Inactive

Water Network Goodwill Yes Not Operational since May 19, 2009

Water Network Dona Juana Yes Inactive

Water Network Villa Gracia No

Water Network Don Jose Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Jordan Park Homes Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Northridge Park Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Filinvest 1 Deepwell 1 Yes Inactive

Water Network Filinvest 2 Deepwell 3 Yes Not Operational since May 22, 2009

Water Network Filinvest 2 Deepwell 4 Yes Not Operational since May 22, 2009

Water Network Filinvest 2 Deepwell 5 Yes Inactive

Water Network Filinvest 2 Deepwell 6 Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Filinvest 2 Deepwell 7 Yes Inactive

Water Network Filinvest 2 Deepwell 8 Yes Inactive

Water Network IBP Deepwell Yes Inactive

Water Network Nelsonville Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Bagong Silang Phase 10 No

Water Network Bagong Silang Phase 4 Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Bagong Silang Phase 9 Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Castle Spring Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Christina Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Good Harvest Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Kingstown Deepwell 1 Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Kingstown Deepwell 2 Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Lagro Deepwell 1 Yes Inactive

Water Network Natividad 1 (Deparo) Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Natividad 2 (Deparo) Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Natividad 4 (Deparo) Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Pamahay Homes Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Smile Citihomes No Inactive/Standby w/ Power Consumption

Water Network Greenfields #3 Yes Inactive/Standby w/ Power Consumption

Water Network Greenfields #1 Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Sugartowne Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Brittany No

Water Network Del Rey III Yes Inactive

Water Network Tanada Yes Inactive

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Water Network Niog Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Talaba Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Daang Bukid Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Dulong Bayan Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Molino No

Water Network Bacoor Central Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Antonio Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Bagong Pook Yes Inactive

Water Network New Crescini No

Water Network Garcia Extension No

Water Network J. Felipe Yes Inactive

Water Network Magcauas No Inactive/Standby w/ Power Consumption

Water Network Manalac Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Militar Yes Inactive

Water Network Rivero Yes Inactive

Water Network Samonte Park Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network San Nicolas Yes Inactive

Water Network Imus Sector No

Water Network Plaza Garcia Yes Inactive as of February 24, 2012

Water Network Georosville No

Water Network Yengco Street No Inactive as of April 25, 2012

Water Network Magasalang 2A No Inactive/Standby

Water Network Magasalang 2D No

Water Network Balsahan Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Malamok Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Tirona Yes Inactive/Standby w/ Power Consumption

Water Network Aguinaldo Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Josephine Yes Inactive

Water Network Magdalo Yes Inactive

Water Network New Well Field 1 No

Water Network New Well Field 2 No

Water Network New Well Field 3 No

Water Network New Noveleta 4 Yes Inactive

Water Network New Well Field 5 Yes Inactive

Water Network New Well Field 6 Yes Inactive

Water Network New Well Field 7 Yes Inactive

Water Network New Well Field 8 Yes Inactive

Water Network New Noveleta Central Deepwell Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Pandawan No

Water Network Poblacion No

Water Network Alabang Junction Yes Inactive

Water Network Bliss Yes Inactive

Water Network Buendia Yes Inactive

Water Network JPA Subdivision Yes Inactive

Water Network Lakeview Yes Inactive

Water Network Mutual Homes 1 Yes Inactive

Water Network New Mutual Yes Inactive

Water Network Pedro Diaz Yes Inactive

Water Network Villa Carolina Yes Inactive

Water Network Tunasan Yes Inactive

Water Network Don Aguedo Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Coral No

Water Network Esmeralda YES Inactive

Water Network Champaca Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Sucat No

Water Network Buensuceso Yes Inactive

Water Network Maricaban 1 Yes Inactive/Standby w/ Power Consumption

Water Network Maricaban 2 Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Maricaban 3 Yes Inactive

Water Network Southvale Deepwell 4 No

Water Network Southvale Deepwell 3 No

Water Network Putatan Deepwell # 6 Yes Inactive/Standby

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Water Network Putatan Deepwell # 3 Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Putatan Deepwell # 2 Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Jasonville Pump Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Basketball Court Pump Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network San Guillermo Pump Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network University Pump Yes Inactive

Water Network Madrigal pump Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Luzon Pump Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Acacia Pump Yes Inactive

Water Network Ma. Cristina Pump Yes Inactive

Water Network Apitong Pump Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Acacia-Adelfa Pump Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Rosal Pump Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Taysan Pump Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Country Club Pump Yes Inactive

Water Network San Juanico Pump Yes Inactive

Water Network Mc Donalds Pump Yes Inactive

Water Network Talisay Pump Yes Inactive

Water Network La Salle Mini Booster Ayala Alabang No

Water Network Bougainvilla pump Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Assistant 1 Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Assistant 2 No

Water Network Baesa No

Water Network Baler No

Water Network EDSA No

Water Network Fatima Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Ilang-ilang Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Karuhatan No

Water Network Litex No

Water Network Magallanes No

Water Network Mindanao No

Water Network Naga Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network R. Valenzuela No

Water Network Reparo Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network New Reparo No

Water Network New Pio online booster No

Water Network Saranay No

Water Network Silverio Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network Sta. Quiteria No

Water Network Tamaraw No

Water Network Tandang Sora No

Water Network Vitalez Yes Inactive/Standby

Water Network DMMA No

Water Network Sampaguita No

Water Network Marcos Alavrez Pump Station No New

Water Network Patindig Araw Pump Station No New

Water Network Daang Hari Pump Station No New

Water Network Baesa Pump Station No New

Sewerage and Sanitation Dagat-dagatan Sewage and Septage Treatment Plant

No

Sewerage and Sanitation Project 7 Imhoff Tank & Field Office Yes Under commissioning and process proving last year 2013

Sewerage and Sanitation Roosevelt (AMA) Communal Septic Tank Yes

No existing data to account for methane emission/ For Upgrading

Sewerage and Sanitation Grant Sewage Treatment Plant No Turn over to Maynilad last September 2013

Sewerage and Sanitation Congressional Sewage Treatment Plant No

Sewerage and Sanitation Legal Sewage Treatment Plant No Turn over to Maynilad last August 2013

Sewerage and Sanitation Tondo Sewage Pumping Plant No

Sewerage and Sanitation Luneta Lift Station No

Sewerage and Sanitation Malate Lift Station No

Sewerage and Sanitation Port Area Lift Station No

Sewerage and Sanitation Sta. Cruz Lift Station No

Sewerage and Sanitation Legarda Lift Station No

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Sewerage and Sanitation Sta. Ana Lift Station No

Sewerage and Sanitation Paco Lift Station Yes Transferred to Manila Water

Sewerage and Sanitation Vitas Barge Loading Facility Yes Abandoned office

Sewerage and Sanitation Alabang Sewage Treatment Plant No

Sewerage and Sanitation Alabang Lift Station A No

Sewerage and Sanitation Alabang Lift Station B No

Sewerage and Sanitation Alabang Lift Station C No

Sewerage and Sanitation Paco Sewage Treatment Plant No Turn over to Maynilad last 2013

Sewerage and Sanitation Baesa Sewage Treatment Plant No Turn over to Maynilad last 2013

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Annex 3 – List of Emissions Sources by Scope, Group and Facility

(Electronic Data, please See attached Files)

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Annex 4 – List of Emission Factors

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Annex 4.a. Mobile Sources (Road Fleet)

Source Data Variable Value Unit Reference

Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst CO2 emission factor 2.35 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst CO2 emission factor 2.35 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - pre Euro CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - Euro I+II CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - Euro III+IV CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - pre Euro CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro I+II CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro III+IV CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro V CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - pre-Euro CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro I+II CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro III+IV CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro V CO2 emission factor 2.6 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines CO2 emission factor 2.35 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines CO2 emission factor 2.35 Kg/liter UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Boats CO2 emission factor 2.35 Kg/liter Assumed as “motorcycle with 2-stroke engine” from the UNEP TNT Toolkit Tool 18

Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst CH4 emission factor 0.46 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “Non-catalytic controlled LDGV”

Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst CH4 emission factor 0.32 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “tier 0 LDGV”

Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter CH4 emission factor 0.1 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled LDDV”

Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter CH4 emission factor 0.068 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Moderate LDDV”

Light duty - pre Euro CH4 emission factor 0.10 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled LDDV”

Light duty - Euro I+II CH4 emission factor 0.068 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Moderate Control LDDV”

Light duty - Euro III+IV CH4 emission factor 0.051 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control LDDV”

Medium duty - pre Euro CH4 emission factor 0.10 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled LDDV”

Medium duty - Euro I+II CH4 emission factor 0.068 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Moderate Control LDDV”

Medium duty - Euro III+IV CH4 emission factor 0.051 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control LDDV”

Medium duty - Euro V CH4 emission factor 0.051 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control LDDV”

Heavy duty - pre-Euro CH4 emission factor 0.15 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled HDDV”

Heavy duty - Euro I+II CH4 emission factor 0.14 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Moderate Control HDDV”

Heavy duty - Euro III+IV CH4 emission factor 0.12 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control HDDV”

Heavy duty - Euro V CH4 emission factor 0.12 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control HDDV”

Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines CH4 emission factor 1.4 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Non-catalytic controlled motorcycles”

Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines CH4 emission factor 2.3 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled motorcycles”

Boats CH4 emission factor 0.17 g/liter WRI GHG Protocol tool for mobile combustion. Version 2.0. “Reference EF Fuel Use” Sheet, taken from “Ship and Boat - Gasoline”

Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst N2O emission factor 0.028 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “Non-catalytic controlled LDGV”

Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst N2O emission factor 0.66 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “tier 0 LDGV”

Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter N2O emission factor 0.16 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled LDDV”

Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter N2O emission factor 0.21 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Moderate LDDV”

Light duty - pre Euro N2O emission factor 0.16 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled LDDV”

Light duty - Euro I+II N2O emission factor 0.21 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Moderate Control LDDV”

Light duty - Euro III+IV N2O emission factor 0.22 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control LDDV”

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Medium duty - pre Euro N2O emission factor 0.16 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled LDDV”

Medium duty - Euro I+II N2O emission factor 0.21 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Moderate Control LDDV”

Medium duty - Euro III+IV N2O emission factor 0.22 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control LDDV”

Medium duty - Euro V N2O emission factor 0.22 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control LDDV”

Heavy duty - pre-Euro N2O emission factor 0.075 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled HDDV”

Heavy duty - Euro I+II N2O emission factor 0.082 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Moderate Control HDDV”

Heavy duty - Euro III+IV N2O emission factor 0.082 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control HDDV”

Heavy duty - Euro V N2O emission factor 0.082 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Advance Control HDDV”

Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines N2O emission factor 0.045 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Non-catalytic controlled motorcycles”

Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines N2O emission factor 0.048 g/liter 2009 API Compendium. Table 4-17, taken from “ Uncontrolled motorcycles”

Boats N2O emission factor 0.115 g/liter WRI GHG Protocol tool for mobile combustion. Version 2.0. “Reference EF Fuel Use” Sheet, taken from “Ship and Boat - Gasoline”

Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst CO emission factor 53 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst CO emission factor 18 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter CO emission factor 3.61 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter CO emission factor 3.61 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - pre Euro CO emission factor 3.61 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - Euro I+II CO emission factor 3.6 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - Euro III+IV CO emission factor 3.6 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - pre Euro CO emission factor 8.59 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro I+II CO emission factor 8.59 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro III+IV CO emission factor 5.35 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro V CO emission factor 2.45 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - pre-Euro CO emission factor 13.29 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro I+II CO emission factor 11.8 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro III+IV CO emission factor 5.79 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro V CO emission factor 4.05 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines CO emission factor 16 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines CO emission factor 27.5 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Boats CO emission factor 27.5 g/km Assumed as “motorcycle with 2-stroke engine” from the UNEP TNT Toolkit Tool 18

Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst VOC emission factor 8.84 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst VOC emission factor 0.78 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter VOC emission factor 1.88 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter VOC emission factor 0.3 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - pre Euro VOC emission factor 1.88 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - Euro I+II VOC emission factor 0.19 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - Euro III+IV VOC emission factor 0.19 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - pre Euro VOC emission factor 1.65 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro I+II VOC emission factor 1.65 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro III+IV VOC emission factor 1.15 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro V VOC emission factor 0.89 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - pre-Euro VOC emission factor 2.53 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro I+II VOC emission factor 2.53 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro III+IV VOC emission factor 1.59 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro V VOC emission factor 1.43 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines VOC emission factor 5 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines VOC emission factor 14.4 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Boats VOC emission factor 14.4 g/km Assumed as “motorcycle with 2-stroke engine” from the UNEP TNT Toolkit Tool 18

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Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst NOx emission factor 2.52 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst NOx emission factor 1.17 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter NOx emission factor 1.67 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter NOx emission factor 0.89 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - pre Euro NOx emission factor 1.67 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - Euro I+II NOx emission factor 1.64 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - Euro III+IV NOx emission factor 1.64 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - pre Euro NOx emission factor 15.33 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro I+II NOx emission factor 15.01 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro III+IV NOx emission factor 9.2 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro V NOx emission factor 4.41 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - pre-Euro NOx emission factor 23.8 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro I+II NOx emission factor 20.4 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro III+IV NOx emission factor 10 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro V NOx emission factor 7 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines NOx emission factor 0.99 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines NOx emission factor 0.16 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Boats NOx emission factor 0.16 g/km Assumed as “motorcycle with 2-stroke engine” from the UNEP TNT Toolkit Tool 18

Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst SOx emission factor 0.05 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst SOx emission factor 0.05 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter SOx emission factor 0.22 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter SOx emission factor 0.16 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - pre Euro SOx emission factor 0.29 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - Euro I+II SOx emission factor 0.26 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - Euro III+IV SOx emission factor 0.25 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - pre Euro SOx emission factor 0.69 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro I+II SOx emission factor 0.69 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro III+IV SOx emission factor 0.69 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro V SOx emission factor 0.69 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - pre-Euro SOx emission factor 0.98 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro I+II SOx emission factor 0.97 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro III+IV SOx emission factor 0.97 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro V SOx emission factor 0.97 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines SOx emission factor 0.02 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines SOx emission factor 0.01 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Boats SOx emission factor 0.01 g/km Assumed as “motorcycle with 2-stroke engine” from the UNEP TNT Toolkit Tool 18

Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst PM10 emission factor 0.01 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst PM10 emission factor 0.01 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter PM10 emission factor 0.22 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter PM10 emission factor 0.08 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - pre Euro PM10 emission factor 0.27 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - Euro I+II PM10 emission factor 0.13 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Light duty - Euro III+IV PM10 emission factor 0.13 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - pre Euro PM10 emission factor 0.67 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro I+II PM10 emission factor 0.67 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro III+IV PM10 emission factor 0.29 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Medium duty - Euro V PM10 emission factor 0.07 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - pre-Euro PM10 emission factor 2.15 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

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Heavy duty - Euro I+II PM10 emission factor 1.34 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro III+IV PM10 emission factor 0.66 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro V PM10 emission factor 0.46 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines PM10 emission factor 0.21 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines PM10 emission factor 0.35 g/km UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Emission Factors” sheet

Boats PM10 emission factor 0.35 g/km Assumed as “motorcycle with 2-stroke engine” from the UNEP TNT Toolkit Tool 18

Petrol Passenger Cars- without catalyst Km/liter 11.8 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Petrol Passenger Cars- with 3-way catalyst Km/liter 11.8 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Diesel Passenger Cars- without Particulate Matter filter Km/liter 13.3 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Diesel Passenger Cars- with PM filter Km/liter 16.7 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Light duty - pre Euro Km/liter 8.33 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Light duty - Euro I+II Km/liter 9.1 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Light duty - Euro III+IV Km/liter 9.1 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Medium duty - pre Euro Km/liter 11.1 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Medium duty - Euro I+II Km/liter 3.85 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Medium duty - Euro III+IV Km/liter 3.85 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Medium duty - Euro V Km/liter 3.85 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Heavy duty - pre-Euro Km/liter 2.75 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro I+II Km/liter 2.75 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro III+IV Km/liter 2.75 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Heavy duty - Euro V Km/liter 2.75 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Motorcycles with 4-stroke engines Km/liter 33.3 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Motorcycles with 2-stroke engines Km/liter 25.6 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

Boats Km/liter 25.6 km/L UNEP-TNT Toolkit, Tool 18, “Fuel to kms converter” sheet

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Annex 4.b. Business Flights

Source Data Variable Value Unit Reference

Short haul flight, average cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.15829 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Short haul flight, average cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00011 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Short haul flight, average cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00156 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Medium haul flight average cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.09330 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Medium haul flight average cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00001 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Medium haul flight average cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00092 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Medium haul flight, economy cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.08891 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Medium haul flight, economy cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00001 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Medium haul flight, economy cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00088 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Medium haul flight, business cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.13337 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Medium haul flight, business cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00001 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Medium haul flight, business cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00131 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Long haul flight, average cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.10982 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Long haul flight, average cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00001 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Long haul flight, average cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00108 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Long haul flight, economy cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.08017 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Long haul flight, economy cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00000 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Long haul flight, economy cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00079 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Long haul flight, premium economy cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.12827 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Long haul flight, premium economy cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00001 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Long haul flight, premium economy cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00126 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Long haul flight, business cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.23250 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Long haul flight, business cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00001 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Long haul flight, business cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00229 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Long haul flight, first cabin class CO2 emission factor 0.32068 kgCO2/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Long haul flight, first cabin class CH4 emission factor 0.00002 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

Long haul flight, first cabin class N2O emission factor 0.00316 kgCO2e/pkm AEA. 2013 Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting

<125 Nautical miles flight NOx emission factor 17.7 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8

125 to 250 Nautical miles flight NOx emission factor 23.6 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 251 to 500 Nautical miles flight NOx emission factor 36.9 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 501 to 750 Nautical miles flight NOx emission factor 48.7 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 751 to 1000 Nautical miles flight NOx emission factor 60.2 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 1001 to 1500 Nautical miles flight NOx emission factor 86.3 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 1501 to 2000 Nautical miles flight NOx emission factor 114.4 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 <125 Nautical miles flight HC emission factor 0.8176 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8

125 to 250 Nautical miles flight HC emission factor 0.9129 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 251 to 500 Nautical miles flight HC emission factor 0.9958 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 501 to 750 Nautical miles flight HC emission factor 1.0652 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 751 to 1000 Nautical miles flight HC emission factor 1.1181 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 1001 to 1500 Nautical miles flight HC emission factor 1.2404 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 1501 to 2000 Nautical miles flight HC emission factor 1.3741 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 <125 Nautical miles flight CO emission factor 14.2525 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8

125 to 250 Nautical miles flight CO emission factor 15.836 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 251 to 500 Nautical miles flight CO emission factor 17.5255 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 501 to 750 Nautical miles flight CO emission factor 190.6066 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8

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751 to 1000 Nautical miles flight CO emission factor 20.3693 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 1001 to 1500 Nautical miles flight CO emission factor 23.2982 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8 1501 to 2000 Nautical miles flight CO emission factor 26.4263 Kg/flight EMEP/CORINAIR Emissions Inventory Handbook (2007) Chapter 8

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Annex 4.c. Internal Combustion Engines

Engine Types Data Variable Value Unit Reference

Large Stationary Diesel Engine (>600 hp) CO2 emission factor 165 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.4, Table 3.4.1

Large Stationary Diesel Engine (>600 hp) CO emission factor 0.85 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.4, Table 3.4.1

Large Stationary Diesel Engine (>600 hp) TOC emission factor 0.09 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.4, Table 3.4.1

Large Stationary Diesel Engine (>600 hp) NOx emission factor (uncontrolled)

3.2 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.4, Table 3.4.1

Large Stationary Diesel Engine (>600 hp) NOx emission factor (controlled)

1.9 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.4, Table 3.4.1

Large Stationary Diesel Engine (>600 hp) SOx emission factor 1.01S lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.4, Table 3.4.1

Large Stationary Diesel Engine (>600 hp) PM emission factor 0.1 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.4, Table 3.4.1

Industrial Gasoline Engine (≤250 hp) CO2 emission factor 154 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1

Industrial Gasoline Engine (≤250 hp) CO emission factor 0.99 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1

Industrial Gasoline Engine (≤250 hp) TOC emission factor 2.1 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1

Industrial Gasoline Engine (≤250 hp) NOx emission factor (uncontrolled)

1.63 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1

Industrial Gasoline Engine (≤250 hp) NOx emission factor (controlled)

1.63 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1

Industrial Gasoline Engine (≤250 hp) SOx emission factor 0.084 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1

Industrial Gasoline Engine (≤250 hp) PM emission factor 0.1 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1

Industrial Diesel Engine (≤600 hp) CO2 emission factor 164 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1

Industrial Diesel Engine (≤600 hp) CO emission factor 0.95 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1

Industrial Diesel Engine (≤600 hp) TOC emission factor 0.35 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1

Industrial Diesel Engine (≤600 hp) NOx emission factor 4.41 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1

Industrial Diesel Engine (≤600 hp) SOx emission factor 0.29 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1

Industrial Diesel Engine (≤600 hp) PM emission factor 0.31 lb/MMBtu USEPA AP-42, Chapter 3.3, Table 3.3.1

Notes: S = sulfur content of fuel

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Annex 4.d. Other Emissions

Source Data Variable Value Unit Reference

Wastewater lagoons Methane emission factor 0.12 Bo * MCF

Wastewater lagoons Bo 0.6

kg CH4 / kg BOD5

Maximum CH4-producing capacity of domestic wastewater, in (IPCC, USEPA.)

Wastewater lagoons MCF (Methane correction factor) 0.2

USEPA. 2007

Wastewater lagoons GWP CH4 (Global warming potential of methane) 21

2006 IPCC Guidelines

Wastewater lagoons Uncertainty model correction factor 0.94

IPCC

Biosolids production CH4 emissions from stored biosolids 0.0091

Kg/m3-day2

Slvis. 2009. Biosolids Emissions Assessment Model for Determining Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Canadian Biosolids Management Practices

LPG Use (for cooking) Carbon content 17.2 kg/GJ 2006 IPCC Guidelines. Chapter 1. Table 1.3

LPG Use (for cooking) LPG heating value 47.3 MJ/kg 2006 IPCC Guidelines. Chapter 1. Table 1.2

LPG Use (for cooking) Fraction of Carbon Oxidized (LPG combustion) 99.5

% 1996 IPCC Guidelines. Chapter 1. Table 1.6

LPG Use (for cooking) CH4 emission factor 2 kg/TJ 2006 IPCC Guidelines. Chapter 2. Table 2.9

LPG Use (for cooking) N2O emission factor 0.6 kg/TJ 2006 IPCC Guidelines. Chapter 2. Table 2.9

LPG Use (for cooking) NOx emission factor 66 kg/TJ US DOE: Technical Support Document: Energy Efficiency Standards for Consumer Products. Appendix K-2, Table K-2.1

LPG Use (for cooking) CO emission factor 326 kg/TJ GAPF. The Global Atmospheric Pollution Forum Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Manual. Table A4.2

LPG Use (for cooking) SO2 emission factor 7 kg/TJ US DOE: Technical Support Document: Energy Efficiency Standards for Consumer Products. Appendix K-2, Table K-2.

LPG Use (for cooking) NMVOC emission factor 5 kg/TJ GAPF. The Global Atmospheric Pollution Forum Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Manual. Table A4.3

LPG Use (for cooking) PM10 emission factor 0.51 kg/TJ GAPF. The Global Atmospheric Pollution Forum Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Manual. Table A4.4

Acetylene Use CO2 emission factor 3.38

kgCO2/kgC2H2

ICF International. Shipbuilding Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emission Inventory Tool Version 2.1. http://www.epa.gov/opispdwb/sectorinfo/sectorprofiles/shipbuilding/shipbuilding-inventory-tool.xls

Acetylene Use CO2 emission factor 0.00010

43

tons CO2/cubic feet

California Climate Registry. New Acetylene Emission Factor. http://www.climateregistry.org/resources/docs/members-only/reporting-tips/acetylene-emission-factor.doc

Electricity Consumption

Source Data Variable Value Unit Reference

Electricity Grid (2013) CO2 emission factor 0.55227442 tons/Mwh Calculated

Electricity Grid (2013) CH4 emission factor 0.00000730 tons/Mwh Calculated

Electricity Grid (2013) N2O emission factor 0.00000647 tons/Mwh Calculated

Electricity Grid (2013) NOx emission factor 0.00166248 tons/Mwh Calculated

Electricity Grid (2013) CO emission factor 0.00013108 tons/Mwh Calculated

Electricity Grid (2013) NMVOC emission factor 0.00003318 tons/Mwh Calculated

Electricity Grid (2013) SO2 emission factor 0.01326839 tons/Mwh Calculated

Electricity Grid (2013) PM10 emission factor 0.00001261 tons/Mwh Calculated

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Annex 5 – Data Collection Process Flowcharts

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Annex 6 – User’s Guide for the GHG and Air Pollutant Emissions Accounting Tool

(Electronic Data, please See attached File)