Comp4 Unit5b Lecture Slides
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Transcript of Comp4 Unit5b Lecture Slides
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Introduction to Information and Computer Science
Computer Programming
Lecture bThis material (Comp4_Unit5b), was developed by Oregon Health and Science University, funded by the Department of Health
and Human Services, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number IU24OC000015
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Computer ProgrammingLearning Objectives
• Define the purpose of programming languages. (Lecture a)
• Differentiate between the different types of programming languages and list commonly used ones. (Lecture a)
• Explain the compiling and interpreting process for computer programs. (Lecture b)
• Learn basic programming concepts including variable declarations, assignment statements, expressions, conditional statements, and loops. (Lectures c, d)
• Describe advanced programming concepts including objects and modularity. (Lecture e)
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Introduction to Information and Computer Science Computer Programming
Lecture b
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Executing Programs• Computers execute machine code• Assemblers translate assembly language into
machine code• Higher-level languages must be transformed into
machine code
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Introduction to Information and Computer Science Computer Programming
Lecture b
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Compiled Languages
• Program written and stored in a file(s)• Compiler transforms the program into machine
code• Machine code is stored in a new file and can be
executed
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Introduction to Information and Computer Science Computer Programming
Lecture b
(clker.com, nd.); Blueprint image: (R. Thomas, 2001, PD-US)
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Compiled Languages, contd.
• Each type of computer must have its own compiler
• Every program must be compiled separately for each computer
• Examples: C, C++, FORTRAN5
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3.0/Spring 2012
Introduction to Information and Computer Science Computer Programming
Lecture b
(clker.com, nd., PD-US); Apple logo: (EdibleKarma, 2008, PD-US); Blueprint image: (R. Thomas, 2001, PD-US)Microsoft windows logo: (clker.com, nd., PD-US)
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Interpreted Languages
• Interpreted languages are compiled and executed at the same time
• Each line is compiled to machine code – If no errors, executes and goes to next line– If errors, program ends
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Introduction to Information and Computer Science Computer Programming
Lecture b
0011010001011
1001011111010
(clker.com, nd., PD-US)
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Interpreted Languages, contd.
• The interpreter is unique to each type of computer
• Any program can be interpreted and run on any computer with an interpreter
• Many scripting languages are interpreted• Examples:
– BASIC, Perl, MUMPS (early version)
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Introduction to Information and Computer Science Computer Programming
Lecture b
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Hybrid Approach• Some languages are compiled to virtual machine
code, then interpreted to machine code• Combines speed of compiled language with
portability of interpreted language• Examples:
– Java™, Python
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Introduction to Information and Computer Science Computer Programming
Lecture b
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Example: Java
• Java programs are compiled to byte code• The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) runs the byte
code– JVM unique to each type of computer– Byte code is portable
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Introduction to Information and Computer Science Computer Programming
Lecture b
JVM
JVM
(clker.com, nd., PD-US); Apple logo: (EdibleKarma, 2008, PD-US); Blueprint image: (R. Thomas, 2001, PD-US)Microsoft windows logo: (clker.com, nd., PD-US)
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Computer ProgrammingSummary – Lecture b
• Compiling creates machine code from a program• Compilers are unique to each computer
architecture• Interpreted programs are translated as they
execute• Java uses a hybrid approach of compiling and
interpreting
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Introduction to Information and Computer Science Computer Programming
Lecture b
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Computer ProgrammingReferences – Lecture b
References • Morley Deborah, Parker Charles S. (2010). Chapter 13: Program Development and Programming Languages.
In: Understanding Computers Today and Tomorrow.12th ed. Boston: Course Technology.• Parsons JJ, Oja D. (2010). Chapter 12: Computer Programming. In: New Perspectives on Computer Concepts
2011: Comprehensive. 13th ed. Boston: Course Technology.• Programming Languages. (2011). Retrieved 2011 Mar 17 from Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_languages• Scripting Languages. (2011). Retrieved 2011 Mar 21 from Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scripting_languages• The Java Language: An Overview. [Webpage]. c 2007. [updated 2007 Dec 17; cited 21 March 2011]. Available
from: http://java.sun.com/docs/overviews/java/java-overview-1.html
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Introduction to Information and Computer Science Computer Programming
Lecture b
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Computer ProgrammingReferences – Lecture b
Images• Slide 4,5, 6, 9: Text document Image [image on the Internet]. c 2007 [Updated 11/13/2007; cited 11/12/2011].
Available from: http://www.clker.com/clipart-3709.html• Slide 4,5, 9: Blueprint Image [image on the Internet]. c 2008 [Updated 12/7/2008; cited 11/12/2011]. Available
from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Architecture_framework.jpg• Slide 4, 5, 9: Binary File Image [image on the Internet]. c 2010 [Updated 8/13/2010; cited 11/12/2011].
Available from: http://www.clker.com/clipart-binary-file.html• Slide 4, 5, 6, 9: Computer Image [image on the Internet]. c 2010 [Updated 6/22/2010; cited 11/12/2011].
Available from: http://www.clker.com/clipart-computer-1.html• Slide 5, 9: Apple Logo Image [image on the Internet]. c 2008 [Updated 2/27/2008; cited 11/12/2011]. Available
from: http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/File:Light_Apple_Logo_Free.png• Slide 5, 9: Microsoft Windows Logo Image [image on the Internet]. c 2007 [Updated 11/13/2007; cited
11/12/2011]. Available from: http://www.clker.com/clipart-7536.html• Slide 9: Java cup Image [image on the Internet]. c 2007 [Updated 11/13/2007; cited 11/12/2011]. Available
from: http://www.clker.com/clipart-3911.html• Slide 9: Plain document Image [image on the Internet]. c 2007 [Updated 11/13/2007; cited 11/12/2011].
Available from: http://www.clker.com/clipart-3689.html
12Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3.0/Spring 2012
Introduction to Information and Computer Science Computer Programming
Lecture b