Comp 107 unit 4(operating systems)

Subject Name Code Credit Hours

Copyright @ 2016 Lincoln University College

Chapter 2 Operating Systems

ByLiang



Operating System

• The most important or core program that runs on every computer. It is use to manages all other programs on the machine.

• No matter how. Each and every computer need to have one to run all the applications and programs.

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Liang LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE


Copyright @ 2016 Lincoln University College 3

Functions of Operating systems


OperatingSystem

Device configurationControls peripheral devices connected to the computer

File managementTransfers files between main memory and secondary storage, manages file folders, allocates the secondary storage space, and provides file protection and recovery

Memory managementAllocates the use of random access memory (RAM) to requesting processes

Interface platform(GUI)Allows the computer to run other applications



Functions of computer(con’t)• Security

– Preventing unauthorized access to programs and data.• Control over system performance

– Recording delays between request for a service and response from the system.

• Job accounting – Keeping track of time and resources used by various jobs

and users.




Functions of computer(con’t)

• Error detecting aids – Production of dumps, traces, error messages and other

debugging and error detecting aids.

• Coordination between other softwares and users – Coordination and assignment of compilers, interpreters,

assemblers and other software to the various users of the computer systems.

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Functions of computer(con’t)

• Booting– Process of starting or restarting a computer is

called booting

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Cold boot

• Turning on a computer that has been powered off completely

Warm boot

• Using the operating system to restart a computer





Types of operating systems• Single-user, single-task

– This type of operating system manages the computer so that one user can effectively do one thing at a time.



Types of operating systems(cont’)

• Single-user, Multi-tasking– This is the type of operating system most people

use on their desktop and laptop computer nowadays.

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Types of operating systems(cont’)• Multi-user, multi-task

– A multi-user operating system allows many different users to take advantages on the computer resources simultaneously.

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• Real Time Operating System(RTOS)– RTOS are used to control machinery, scientific instruments,

and industrial systems.– Normally, there are typically very little user interface

capability– Resources are managed so that

a particular operation executes precisely the same every time.

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• Embedded operating system– Found on most mobile computers, PDAs and other

small devices



Utility Programs

• System software that performs maintenance-type tasks




Utility Programs(cont’)

• A search utility is a program that attempts to locate a file on your computer based on criteria you specify

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• An image viewer allows users to display, copy, and print the contents of a graphics file

• An uninstaller removes a program, as well as any associated entries in the system files Liang LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE



Utility Programs(cont’)• A disk cleanup utility searches for and removes

unnecessary files– Downloaded program

files– Temporary Internet

files– Deleted files– Unused program

files

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Utility Programs(cont’)• A disk defragmenter reorganizes the files and

unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster– Defragmenting

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• A backup utility allows users to copy files to another storage medium

• A restore utility reverses the process and returns backed up files to their original form




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• A screen saver causes a display device’s screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no activity occurs for a specified time

• A personal firewall detects and protects a personal computer from unauthorized intrusions



Utility Programs(cont’)• A file compression utility shrinks the size of a file(s)

– Compressing files frees up room on the storage media– Two types of compression

• Lossy– only part of the file can be recovered when the file is

uncompressed. Used to compressed audio, video and images.• Lossless

– all original data can be recovered when the file is uncompressed. Used to compressed text and data files in bank.

• Compressed files sometimes are called zipped files– Can be uncompressed

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Utility Programs(cont’)• A media player allows you to view images and

animation, listen to audio, and watch video files on your computer

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Utility Programs(cont’)• Disc burning software writes text, graphics,

audio, and video files on a recordable or rewritable optical disc

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• A personal computer maintenance utility identifies and fixes operating system problems, detects and repairs disk problems, and includes the capability of improving a computer’s performance

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Windows’s ComponentComponents Explanation

Desktop The primary screen of a graphical user interface which has various icons represent files, groups of files, programs which can be moved, accessed, added to, put away, or thrown away.

Start-Menu Serves as the central launching point for applications. It provides a customizable, nested list of programs for the user to launch, as well as a list of most recently opened documents, a way to find files and get help, and access to the system settings. By default, the Start Button is visible at all times in the lower left-hand corner of the screen.

Control Panel Allows users to view and change basic system settings and controls, such as adding hardware, adding and removing software, controlling user accounts and changing accessibility options

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Windows’s Component(cont’)Component Explation

Recycle Bins Use to keeps the files that are remove by the user for the first time in case the user wants to restore them, but can be "emptied" from time to time to save disk space.

Printer and mouse settings For user to change the properties of printer and mouse

Maximizing and minimizing Use to control the size of the screen

Restoring of windows Restore the window back when problem occur.

Window Explorer Provides an interface for accessing the file system launching applications, and performing common tasks such as viewing and printing pictures

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Windows’s Component(cont’)

Components Explanation

Accessories It is the commonly recognized name of a special folder in Microsoft Windows, allocated to help users store their personal data files.

My Computer Allow user to access different drive.

My Documents It is commonly recognized name of a special folder in Microsoft Windows, allocated to help users store their personal data files.

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The EndQuestions?

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Comp 107 unit 4(operating systems)

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