Community Health NursingASN 260

Population-focused careCommunity AssessmentChapter 16 & 17-Delaune/ Chapter 3-Wong/Chapter 2 & 3-ATIS. Tapp MSN BSN RN

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Objectives• Compare community-based health

care and community health (population focused) care

• Identify methods of community assessment

• Identify two factors that influence community health

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Community Health• Community defined- a group united by some common

element

• Community health- meets the identified needs of the community and society

• Community based nursing- focuses on the person, families, and aggregates living within that community

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3

Community Health Nursing• Goal- maintain and improve the health of the population of

the community and worldwide, using a holistic approach

• Services- infant exams, case management for elderly, the homeless, those with chronic conditions, substance abuse, violence, communicable diseases, epidemiology of populations, analysis of health policies & decision making

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4

Public Health Nursing• Focuses on prevention instead of illness• Services – prevention of epidemics & spread of disease

• Protection against environmental hazards• Prevention of injuries• Promotion of health behaviors• Responding to disasters

• Nursing responses to public health issues (See p. 314-Delaune) AD

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5

Community Assessment• Aspects

• Comprehensive approach• Foundation for community specific program planning• Used to determine health needs

• Components• People• Place or environment• Social systems

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Methods of community assessment

Windshield surveysFocus GroupsInterviewsCommunity forumsSecondary data•Know:

• Neighborhood • Resources• Characteristics of the population• Special needs of the population• Advocacy needs for the aggregate

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Windshield Survey• People• Place• Location of health services• Natural environment• Man made environment• Housing• Social systems

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Factors that influence community health

• Family & culture• Beliefs, values, attitudes & behaviors shared by a group of people • Transmitted from generation to generation

• Social & environmental factors• Influence of environmental conditions on the development of

disease or injury• Access to health care

• Availability of services• Health care financing

9

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Objectives Review• Compare community-based health

care and community health (population focused) care.

• Identify methods of community assessment

• Identify two factors that influence community health

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60/R

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10

Review Questions• A nurse is preparing an educational program on cultural

perspectives in nursing. The nurse should include that which of the following are influenced by an individual’s culture? (select all that apply)• ____ Nutritional practices• ____ Family structure• ____ Health care interactions• ____ Biological variations• ____ Views about illness

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Review Questions, Continued• List two methods of community assessment.

• List two factors that influence community health

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