Community Food Bank Organizational Analysis

7/30/2019 Community Food Bank Organizational Analysis

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Pbi Mkffylapq Okk` Nhlg ko]kypbi~l H~azklh:

Hl Hlhcq}a} ko K~dhlazhpaklhcIooimpavili}}

Jhgi Mkc`}fapbH}bciq A~i}kl^knal A}~hic

Fidbhl Fm@hva`Hlh Uyfh~ijk

N~il`h Xyalpi~k

@imifni~ ?# >588K~dhlazhpaklhc Pbik~q& UH 958

Al}p~ympk~: ^knal Cifha~i


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Mh}i ]py`q

Ba}pk~q hl` Cihì~}bau:

Pbi Mkffylapq Okk` Nhlg ko ]kypbi~l H~azklh "MON! bh} kui~hpi` al Pym}kl# H~azklh

}almi 814?, Al pbi oa~}p qih~ ko ap} ira}pilmi# ap à}p~anypi` 85#9== ifi~dilmq okk` nkri} hl`

kui~hpi` kyp ko h 8#255 }xyh~i&okkp ohmacapq "Ba}pk~q# >588!, Pk`hq# ap kui~hpi} al pbi oavi

}kypbi~l H~azklh mkylpai} ko Uafh# D~hbhf# D~iilcq# Mkmba}i# hl` ]hlph M~yz7 bh} n~hlmb

ckmhpakl} al Fh~hlh# Hjk# D~iil _hcciq# Hfh`k# hl` Lkdhci}7 bh} h 805#555 }xyh~i&okkp

th~ibky}i al Pym}kl7 à}p~anypi} ilkydb okk` ivi~q `hq pk u~kvaì kvi~ ?8#555 fihc}7 hl`

tk~g} tapb kvi~ >55 ckmhc byfhl }i~vami hdilmq uh~pli~} "Hllyhc îuk~p# >585!, Pbi fa}}akl ko

pbi Mkffylapq Okk` Nhlg ko ]kypbi~l H~azklh a}: Pb~kydb i`ymhpakl# h`vkmhmq# hl` pbi

hmxya}apakl# }pk~hdi# hl` à}p~anypakl ko okk`# ti tacc hlpamauhpi hl` fiip pbi okk` lii`} ko pbi

byld~q al ky~ mkffylapq, Pbi va}akl a} o~ii`kf o~kf byldi~ "8555&`hq ]p~hpidam Uchl#

>552!,

Pbi MON }ph~pi` h} h }aldci okk` `~avi kui~hpi` nq pbi Mapq ko Pym}kl Fhqk~} Kooami al

~i}ukl}i pk pbi okk` lii`} ko kli ohfacq al 814?, H ohfacq mhcci` pbi Fhqk~} Kooami h}gald ok~

okk` h}}a}phlmi, ]almi lk u~kd~hf ira}pi` pk fiip pba} lii`# pbi Fhqk~} Kooami bic` h }fhcc

okk` `~avi pk u~kvaì pbi ohfacq tapb ifi~dilmq okk` h}}a}phlmi, Hopi~ bicuald pba} kli ohfacq#

hl alpi~l }yddi}pi` }ph~pald h nhlg ok~ okk` pbhp mkyc` }yuucq hlq Pym}klhl al lii` ko

h}}a}phlmi, Al ~i}ukl}i pk pba} aìh# pbi Fhqk~} Kooami ba~i` kli ui~}kl pk }ph~p h }fhcc okk`

nhlg pbhp mkyc` }yuucq okk` nkri} pk à}p~anypakl }api} h~kyl` pktl, Hp ap} nidallald# pbi okk`

nhlg th} pbi }yuucai~ ko okk` à}p~anypakl }api} hl` à` lkp à}p~anypi okk` à~impcq pk

mcailp}, Pbi oa~}p à~imp&pk&mcailp à}p~anypakl kmmy~~i` tbil pbi Okk` Ucy} u~kd~hf }ph~pi` al

Pym}kl al 812? "Pymgi~# >588!,


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]almi 814?# pbi MON bh} bh` pb~ii Mbaio Irimypavi Kooami~}, Pbi ckldi}p pily~i` MIK

th} Mbh~ci} Uylmb Tkk`} tbk th} MIK o~kf 8142 ylpac bi ~ipa~i` al >55= hopi~ >9 qih~} kl

pbi jkn, Tbil Tkk`} }ph~pi` hp pbi MON ci}} pbhl 25#555 ukyl`} ko okk` ti~i à}p~anypi`

hllyhccq pb~kydb 8? uh~pli~ hdilmai} "Fhmbick~# >55>!, Nq 8119# h mhuaphc mhfuhadl alapahpi`

nq Tkk`} bh` dili~hpi` $> faccakl hl` pbi MON uy~mbh}i` pbi ckmhpakl ap }pacc kmmyuai} pk`hq hp

=55= ] Mkylp~q Mcyn ^` "Mkkg# 8119!, Pbi fkvi pk h lit nyacàld h``~i}}i` pbi lii` ok~

fk~i }pk~hdi }uhmi h} ìfhl` ok~ okk` h}}a}phlmi mklpalyi` pk d~kt, Uh~p ko Tkk`} va}akl ok~

pbi lit ckmhpakl th} hc}k pk m~ihpi h fycpa&}i~vami milpi~ ok~ pbk}i al lii`, Tkk`} pkc` pbi

H~azklh @hacq ]ph~al @imifni~ ko 8119# Ao qky h~i byld~q# ap fihl} qky bhvi kpbi~ u~kncif}

h} ticc, Pbi dkhc a} pk ~i`ymi pbi ìfhl` ok~ okk` nq u~kvaàld kpbi~ }i~vami} "Mkkg# 8119!,

Al pbi }ua~ap ko u~kvaàld pbi fq~ah` ko }i~vami} mcailp} fadbp lii`# pbi~iok~i u~ivilpald

pbi lii` ok~ okk` h}}a}phlmi# pbi Mkffylapq Dh~ìl} ko Pym}kl }ph~pi` h uackp u~kd~hf hp pbi

Mkffylapq Okk` Nhlg al 8114, Pbi u~kd~hf u~kvaì` 9#555 }xyh~i oiip ko chl` ok~ h

mkffylapq dh~ìl tbi~i ohfacai} mkyc` uhq h $= fklpbcq oii hl` ~imiavi fhalpilhlmi hl` `~au

a~~adhpakl ok~ h > okkp nq >4 okkp uckp, Pba} uackp u~kd~hf tkyc` d~kt alpk tbhp a} lkt pbi

Mkffylapq Okk` î}ky~mi Milpi~ ko pbi MON "Ba}pk~q# >588!, Nq pbi pafi Tkk`} ~ipa~i` al

Fh~mb ko >55=# bi th} ìàmhpi` pk pbi aìh pbhp pbi MON liiì` pk mklpalyi pk fhgi u~kd~i}}

al hpphmgald byldi~ al u~ivilphpavi thq}, Ap} h} }afuci h} pbhp# Tkk`} }ha`# h`àld pbhp h 85&

okkp&nq&85&okkp vidiphnci dh~ìl mhl u~kvaì h ohfacq tapb vidiphnci} pbiq lii` hp h o~hmpakl ko

pbi mk}p "Fhmbick~# >55>!,

Pbi p~hl}apakl pk lit cihì~}bau th} lkp h} }fkkpb h} kli fadbp bkui, Pbi alapahc }ih~mb

ciop pbi nkh~` }ucap kvi~ ptk mhlà`hpi} al @imifni~ >55> hl` pbiq ìmaì` pk }ph~p pbi }ih~mb

kvi~ "Nh~~ak}# >55>!, Al Hu~ac ko >55=# Uhp~amg Zyfny}mb th} ba~i` h} pbi lit MIK "Ba}pk~q#


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>588!, Zyfny}mb bh` ~imilpcq niil MIK ko pbi ok~&u~koap Dcknhc Hpfk}ubi~am} Alm, "Nh~~ak}#

>55=!, Hp pba} ukalp al ap} ba}pk~q# pbi MON th} u~kvaàld ilkydb okk` ok~ =0#555 fihc} ui~ hq,

Iadbpiil fklpb} chpi~# al Lkvifni~ ko >550# Zyfny}mb ~i}adli` ba} uk}apakl pk ~ipy~l pk pbi

ok~&u~koap tk~c` jy}p niok~i pbi m~apamhc bkca`hq }ih}kl, MON nkh~` u~i}aìlp# Nipb Thcgyu "taoi

ko pbil Pym}kl Fhqk~ Nkn Thcgyu!# th} huukalpi` pk }i~vi h} alpi~af MIK ylpac h lit }ih~mb

tkyc` ni }ph~pi` al Jhlyh~q "Fhmbick~ / Mbi}lamg# >550!, Nq Jyli ko >559# Nipb Thcgyu th}

~iuchmi` nq Jkq Pymgi~ h} alpi~af MIK, Pymgi~ bh` niil @a~impk~ ko Ohmacapai} niok~i niald

huukalpi` pk pbi alpi~af uk}apakl, Pba} ckld p~hl}apakl pk lit ui~fhlilp cihì~}bau à` lkp il`

ylpac Nacc Mh~lidai th} ba~i` h} U~i}aìlp hl` MIK al Jhlyh~q ko >55?,

Nq pbi pafi Mh~lidai nimhfi MIK# pbi Mkffylapq Okk` î}ky~mi milpi~ th} oyccq yu

hl` ~yllald# fhgald }y~i pbhp pbi MON th} lkp klcq fiipald ifi~dilmq okk` lii`} ko pbi

mkffylapq# nyp th} hc}k h``~i}}ald ~kkp }kcypakl} ok~ d~ihpi~ okk` }imy~apq, Mkffylapq okk`

}imy~apq a} tbil hcc uikuci hp hcc pafi} bhvi imklkfam hl` ubq}amhc hmmi}} pk }yooamailp okk` ok~

h bihcpbq caoi "Iàpk~ahc# >55?!, Al >55?# pbi MON th} u~kvaàld ilkydb okk` ok~ =5#555 fihc}

ui~ `hq al Uafh Mkylp~q7 bh` n~hlmb nhlg} al Fh~hlh# D~iil _hcciq# Hfh`k# hl` Hjk 7 ~hl ptk

oh~fi~} fh~gip}7 hl` py~li` pbi uackp dh~ìl uckp u~kd~hf alpk h ìfkl}p~hpakl dh~ìl hp pbi

pafi tbil Mh~lidai }ph~pi`, Nq >588# Mh~lidai bh` h`ì` h n~hlmb nhlg al Lkdhci}7

à}p~anypakl} pk D~hbhf# D~iilcq# Mkmba}i# hl` ]hlph M~yz mkylpai}7 h 85&hm~i oh~f al Fh~hlh7

hl Y~nhl Oh~f al Fa`vhci Uh~g7 Mh~a`h` Mkffylapq Gapmbil }kyu gapmbil7 hl` pbi MON th}

à}p~anypald ilkydb okk` pk u~kvaì ?8#555 fihc} ui~ `hq,

U~kd~hf} hl` ]i~vami}:

U~kd~hf} hl` }i~vami} mhl ni mhpidk~azi` alpk ptk d~kyuald}: okk` à}p~anypakl u~kd~hf}

hl` okk` }imy~apq u~kd~hf}, Okk` à}p~anypakl u~kd~hf} almcyì Pbi Ifi~dilmq Okk`


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H}}a}phlmi U~kd~hf "PIOHU! okk` nkri}# Okk` Ucy} okk` nkri}# Mkld~idhpi Fihc ]api}#

Mh~a`h` Mkffylapq Gapmbil# hl` Hdilmq Fh~gip, Okk` }imy~apq u~kd~hf} almcyì Mbac`

Lyp~apakl U~kd~hf}# Ohfacq H`vkmhmq# Oh~f&pk&Mbac`# Lyi}p~h Pai~~h @ifkl}p~hpakl hl` Fh~gip

Dh~ìl# Bkfi Dh~ìlald# Dh~ìlald Tk~g}bku}# pbi Fh~hlh Bi~aphdi Oh~f# oh~fi~} fh~gip}#

hl` pbi Y~nhl Mkffylapq Oh~f, H pba~` }i~vami ilpapq a} pbi Uylmb Tkk`} Fycpa&]i~vami

Milpi~, Pba} milpi~ bky}i} pbi MON} fhal ckmhpakl h} ticc h} ilìhvk~} pk u~kvaì h kli&}pku&

}bkuuald milpi~ ok~ pbk}i al lii` ko h}}a}phlmi, ]kfi k~dhlazhpakl} pbhp h~i ckmhpi` al pbi

Fycpa&]i~vami Milpi~ h~i H`fala}p~hpakl ko î}ky~mi} hl` Mbkami}# Hczbiafi~} H}}kmahpakl#

]kypbi~l H~azklh Cidhc Ha`# Fknaci Fihc} ko Pym}kl# hl` H~nk~ Jkn} P~halald, Pbi dkhc} ko pbi

Fycpa&]i~vami Milpi~ h~i: 8! pk }p~ildpbil pbi hnacapq ko mkcchnk~hpald hdilmai} pk u~kvaì ok~ pbi

kvi~hcc bihcpb hl` ticc&niald ko ky~ mkffylapq} mbac`~il# >! pk alm~ih}i pbi lyfni~ ko ohfacai}

}i~vi`# hl` =! pk alm~ih}i pbi lyfni~ ko }i~vami} hvhachnci hp kli }api, H n~aio ì}m~aupakl ko pbi

fhjk~ u~kd~hf} okcckt},

PIOHU okk` nkri} h~i à}p~anypi` à~impcq pk alàva`yhc} hl` ohfacai} hp pbi MON fhal

ckmhpakl# n~hlmb nhlg}# ~y~hc à}p~anypakl }api}# hl` pb~kydb uh~pli~ hdilmai} hl` okk` uhlp~ai},

Mcailp} fhq ~imiavi h nkr klmi ui~ fklpb hl` fy}p ni ~i}aìlp} ko pbi mkylpq al tbamb pbiq

~imiavi pbi nkr, Hnkyp bhco pbi okk` pbhp dki} alpk h PIOHU nkr a} u~kvaì` nq pbi H~azklh

@iuh~pfilp ko Imklkfam ]imy~apq "@I]! Byldi~ îcaio U~kd~hf,

Okk` Ucy} okk` nkri} h~i hc}k à}p~anypi` à~impcq pk alàva`yhc}7 bktivi~# pba} u~kd~hf

}i~vi} h àooi~ilp ukuychpakl pbhl PIOHU, Pbi~i h~i oky~ mhpidk~ai} ko alàva`yhc} pbhp mhl

xyhcaoq ok~ pbi Okk` Ucy} u~kd~hf: 8! u~idlhlp fkpbi~}# >! fkpbi~} tbk bhvi davil na~pb tapbal

pbi ch}p qih~# =! mbac`~il niptiil pbi hdi} ko 8 hl` ? qih~} kc`# hl` 0! }ilak~ mapazil} kvi~ pbi

hdi ko }arpq, H mcailp fhq lkp ni y}ald TAM hl` Okk` Ucy} hp pbi }hfi pafi, Okk` Ucy}# cagi


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PIOHU u~kvaì} kli nkr ui~ fklpb, Okk` Ucy} a} h jkalp vilpy~i niptiil pbi Y]@H# pbi

H~azklh @iuh~pfilp ko Bihcpb ]i~vami}# hl` pbi Uafh Mkylpq Bihcpb @iuh~pfilp, Okk` Ucy}

mcailp} fy}p huucq tapb pbi Uafh Mkylpq Bihcpb @iuh~pfilp hl`# yukl hmmiuphlmi# ~imiavi h }ar&

fklpb ~ioacchnci u~i}m~aupakl ok~ okk`, Pba} u~i}m~aupakl a} oacci` hp pbi MON,

Hdilmq Fh~gip "HF! à}p~anypi} okk` à~impcq pk 958m= hdilmai} pbhp bhvi oiiàld

u~kd~hf}, Pbi~i h~i kvi~ 805 hdilmai} tapb 055 }api} pbhp hmmi}} Hdilmq Fh~gip, Ch}p qih~ HF

à}p~anypi` 9,1 faccakl ukyl`} ko okk`, Okk` `klhpakl} pbhp h~i à}p~anypi` pb~kydb HF mkfi

o~kf lhpaklhc okk` fhlyohmpy~i~}# ckmhc à}p~anypakl milpi~}# d~kmi~q }pk~i}# hl` pbi uyncam,

Mkffylapq okk` }imy~apq u~kd~hf} almcyì hmpavapai} }ymb h} y~nhl hd~amycpy~i#

mkffylapq hl` nhmgqh~` dh~ìl}# hl` oh~fi~} fh~gip} pbhp hcc alm~ih}i hmmi}} hl` hook~`hnacapq

ko o~i}b u~k`ymi, Pbi}i u~kd~hf} hc}k almcyì p~halald ok~ okk` u~kmi}}ald# u~i}i~vhpakl#

u~iuh~hpakl# fh~gipald# lyp~apakl i`ymhpakl# hl` okk` }ico&~icahlmi, Pbi Mkffylapq Okk`

î}ky~mi Milpi~ ko pbi MON ilmkfuh}}i} hcc ko pbi}i u~kd~hf},

Ohfacq H`vkmhmq} uy~uk}i a} pk h``~i}} lii`} pbhp fhq lkp ni h``~i}}i` nq kpbi~ MON

u~kd~hf}, Pba} almcyì} bicuald ohfacai} hl` alàva`yhc} tapb ~ioi~~hc} ok~ kpbi~ }i~vami} cagi

~ilp k~ ypacapq h}}a}phlmi# davald mch}}i} al imklkfam capi~hmq# hl` bicuald uikuci }adl yu ok~ pbi

Oiì~hc ]yuucifilphc Lyp~apakl H}}a}phlmi U~kd~hf, Pba} u~kd~hf mhl ivil almcyì davald

uikuci ui~}klhcazi` hppilpakl pk pbia~ ylaxyi ma~myf}phlmi} hl` u~kvaàld irp~h okk` h}}a}phlmi

pb~kydb pbi Hdilmq Fh~gip u~kd~hf hp pbi ohfacq h`vkmhpi} à}m~ipakl,

Pbi Fh~hlh Bi~aphdi Oh~f a} h 85&hm~i u~k`ympakl hl` i`ymhpakl oh~f, Pbi oh~f y}i}

`~au a~~adhpakl hl` k~dhlam fipbk`} pk d~kt vidiphnci}# o~yap}# bi~n}# hl` ockti~}, Pbi Fh~hlh

Bi~aphdi Oh~f hc}k kui~hpi} h qkypb huu~ilpami}bau u~kd~hf pbhp pihmbi} qkypb bkt pk oh~f hl`

i`ymhpi} pbif hnkyp okk` }q}pif a}}yi} pbhp hooimp okk` }imy~apq,


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Pbi MON kui~hpi} }ar oh~fi~} fh~gip}, Pbi}i fh~gip} fhgi o~i}b# ckmhc u~k`ymp}

hvhachnci pk pbi uyncam hl` ckt almkfi alàva`yhc} nq hmmiupald ]LHU nilioap}, Pbi fh~gip}

hc}k davi }fhcc k~ ch~di d~kti~} tapb irmi}} okk` h uchmi pk }icc hl` iruhl` pbia~ dh~ìlald

kui~hpakl}, U~k`ymi~} tbk mhllkp hppil` pbi fh~gip} mhl }icc pb~kydb mkl}adlfilp tapb pbi MON

"MON Tin}api U~kd~hf} hl` ]i~vami}# >588!,

Ilva~klfilp# ]p~ympy~i# ]p~hpidq# Cihì~}bau# K~dhlazhpaklhc Mycpy~i:

H fhal uchqi~ al dili~hc ilva~klfilp al pbi MON a} pbi imklkfq, Klcq ptami al pbi

Mkffylapq Okk` Nhlg} ba}pk~q bh} ap bh` pk ~i`ymi pbi hfkylp ko okk` pbhp mcailp} ~imiavi, Pbi

oa~}p th} al 8114 hopi~ pbi Mcalpkl H`fala}p~hpakl fhì ~iok~f} pk ticoh~i u~kd~hf}, @klhpakl}

bh` ~ifhali` }pih`q# nyp ìfhl` alm~ih}i` iadbpiil ui~milp o~kf pbi u~ivaky} qih~

limi}}aphpald Uylmb Tkk`} pk fhgi pbi ìma}akl pk bhcvi tbhp th} kooi~i` al pbi ifi~dilmq

okk` nkri} "Thnlag# 8114!, Pbi }imkl` pafi th} al Jhlyh~q ko >551 tbil# al ~i}ukl}i pk

alm~ih}i` ìfhl` mhy}i` nq pbi ~imi}}akl# pbi MON bh` à}p~anypi` =? ui~milp fk~i okk` pbhl al

pbi u~ivaky} qih~ hl` th} 0? ui~milp kvi~ ny`dip ok~ okk` uy~mbh}i} al pbi oa}mhc qih~, Pba} pafi#

al}pih` ko ~i`ymald pbi hfkylp ko okk` ui~ nkr# pbi MON hmmkfuca}bi` i}}ilpahccq pbi }hfi pbald

nq ~i`ymald pbi lyfni~ ko pafi} ui~ fkpbi~ pbhp h ohfacq mkyc` ~imiavi h nkr o~kf ptk# `ktl pk

kli "Giccq# >551!, Ihmb pafi pbhp pbi MON bh} bh` pk ~i`ymi pbi hfkylp ko okk` davil ui~ mcailp

bh} niil pbi ~i}ycp ko ilva~klfilphc ok~mi}, îvilyi ok~ oa}mhc qih~ >551&>585# almcyàld pbi

mh}b vhcyi ko `klhpi` okk`# th} $98#9?5#8>8, Fhal }ky~mi} ko ~ivilyi ok~ OQ>551&>585

almcyì `klhpi` okk` "28,59)!# mklp~anypakl} hl` oyl`} o~kf ivilp} "8>,12)!# dkvi~lfilp

d~hlp} hl` mklp~hmp} "0,=)!# hl` nixyi}p} ",0=)! "Hllyhc îuk~p# >585!,

Cihì~}bau hp pbi MON }ph~p} tapb pbi MIK, Mh~lidai fhalphal} hl kypth~`# oypy~i&

k~ailpi` okmy} al k~ì~ pk }ip pbi à~impakl ok~ pbi k~dhlazhpakl# tbaci p~y}pald pbi Fhlhdifilp


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Pihf tapb pbi `hq&pk&`hq kui~hpaklhc ima}akl}, Mh~lidai mbh~hmpi~azi} baf}ico h} fk~i ko h

mklvili~ pbhl h fhlhdi~: n~aldald uikuci pkdipbi~ pk }kcvi u~kncif} hl` davald pbif pbi

hypbk~apq pk fhgi pbi ìma}akl} pbiq ti~i ba~i` pk fhgi, Mh~lidai a} hc}k hmpavi al pbi

H}}kmahpakl ko H~azklh Okk` Nhlg}# }ap} kl oky~ lhpaklhc Oiiàld Hfi~amh mkffappii}# hl` a}

pbi vami mbha~fhl ko pbi Ti}pi~l îdaklhc H}}kmahpakl ko OH okk` nhlg} "Mh~lidai# Bapzifhl#

>588!, Mh~lidai a} fymb fk~i pai` al tapb OH pbhl Tkk`} th} h} MIK "Pymgi~# Bapzifhl#

>588!, Tbil Mh~lidai oa~}p mhfi pk pbi MON bi ~imkdlazi` pbhp ìuh~pfilp} ti~i tk~gald al

}acki} hl` kli ko pbi oa~}p ph}g} bi pkkg kl th} n~ihgald `ktl pbi}i àva}akl}, Bi dhvi

ìuh~pfilp} ui~fa}}akl pk tk~g tapb ihmb kpbi~ hl` bicu kpbi~ ìuh~pfilp} ivil ao ap th} lkp

uh~p ko pbia~ `ypai}, Kvi~ pbi ch}p 9 qih~}# MON bh} }iil hl alm~ih}i al pbi hfkylp ko alpi~&

ìuh~pfilphc mkkui~hpakl "Mh~lidai# >588!,

Pbi MON bh} h ok~fhc bai~h~mbamhc }p~ympy~i tapb h Nkh~` ko @a~impk~} hp pbi pku#

okcckti` nq pbi MIK# pbil oavi kui~hpaklhccq ì}adlhpi` vami u~i}aìlp&civic }phoo pbhp fhgi yu

pbi Fhlhdifilp Pihf# pbil a~impk~} hl` fhlhdi~} ylì~ ihmb vami u~i}aìlp, @hq&pk&`hq

kui~hpakl} `k lkp }p~ampcq okcckt pbi }p~ympy~i cha` kyp kl pbi k~dhlazhpaklhc mbh~p, Pbi 8=0

ifuckqii} pil` pk okcckt pbi mbhal ko mkffhl`# nyp h~i davil pbi o~ii`kf pk jyfu civic} hl`+k~

m~k}} kui~hpaklhc nkyl`h~ai} tbil limi}}h~q, Kvi~ pbi ch}p oavi pk }ar qih~} pbi Fhlhdifilp

Pihf bh} niil cih~lald hl` p~qald pk kui~hpaklhcazi pbi aìh pbhp pbi ckti}p civic ko }phoo mhl

kopil mkfi yu tapb pbi ni}p }kcypakl} pk afu~kvi tk~gald }q}pif}, Hmmk~àld pk Fhlhdifilp

Pihf fifni~} pba} a} }pacc h tk~g al u~kd~i}} "Bapzifhl# Pymgi~# >588!,

Hlkpbi~ h}uimp ko pbi MON} }p~ympy~i a} pbhp ap nickld} pk h lhpaklhc liptk~g ko okk`

nhlg} mhcci` Oiiàld Hfi~amh "OH!, MON bh} h mklp~hmp tapb OH pk }i~vi h }uimaoai` h~ih "pbi

oavi }kypbi~l H~azklh mkylpai} pbhp MON my~~ilpcq }i~vi}!# hd~ii} pk okcckt }phl`h~`} }ip nq OH#


9/58

uhq} `yi} pk OH# a} fklapk~i` nq OH# hl` al py~l# MON dhal} lhpaklhc m~iànacapq o~kf OH#

lhpaklhc `klhpakl}# oylàld# hl` p~halald, MON bh} pbi kupakl pk dip oylàld ok~ `kald OH

u~kd~hf} ckmhccq# nyp a} lkp phgald oycc h`vhlphdi ko pbi}i kuuk~pylapai} nimhy}i MON oiic} pbhp

my~~ilp u~kd~hf} kooi~i` h``~i}} pbi }uimaoam} ko ckmhc lii`} nippi~ pbhl pbi OH u~kd~hf}

tkyc`, Pba} kupakl pk kup kyp ko pbi u~kd~hf hl` pbi oyl`} davi} OH fifni~ okk` nhlg} pbi

ociranacapq hl` hypklkfq pk }i~vi pbia~ ckmhc h~ih h} pbiq }ii oap, Hmmk~àld pk I~am Bapzifhl#

_U ko Kui~hpakl}# pbi pb~ii pbald} MON dhal} o~kf niald h OH fifni~ h~i hmmi}} pk ni}p

u~hmpami} hl` p~halald}# lhpaklhc ~iu~i}ilphpakl al a}}yi} hl` tapb `klk~}# hl` }kfi oylàld,

Pbi MON bh} hcthq} bh` hp cih}p hl alok~fhc }p~hpidq }ip hp Fhlhdifilp Pihf fiipald

hl` }kfi ok~fhc }p~hpidam uchl} }ip niptiil pbi MIK hl` Nkh~` ko @a~impk~}, Mh~lidai mbhldi`

pba} pku&`ktl }p~hpidam uchl }ippald tbil bi m~ihpi` h mkffappii pbhp ilmkfuh}}i` hcc

bai~h~mbamhc civic} pk m~ihpi pbi oa~}p 8555&`hq uchl ylì~ ba} pily~i, Pba} uchl pkkg iadbpiil

fklpb} pk oalhcazi hl` mkvi~i` pbi pafi ui~ak` o~kf Jycq# >552# pk Jyli# >588, Pbi my~~ilp kli&

qih~ uchl th} m~ihpi` tapb aluyp o~kf hcc civic}# nyp pba} pafi Mh~lidai y}i` Oiiàld Hfi~amh}

oavi fhal dkhc} hl` bh` fhlhdifilp civic ifuckqii} dip aìh} o~kf hcc civic} ko }phoo pk oacc al

pbi knjimpavi} }p~hpidai} ok~ fiipald pbk}i dkhc}, Pbi kli fih}y~i ko iooimpavili}} pbhp a} ivi~&

u~i}ilp ok~ pbi Fhlhdifilp Pihf hp pbi MON a} à}p~anypi` ukyl`hdi hl` OH} fih}y~i ko

ukyl`} ui~ ui~}kl al ukvi~pq "UUUAU!, Pbi fhjk~apq ko Fhlhdifilp Pihf fifni~} pbhp ti~i

alpi~vaiti` iru~i}}i` pba} fih}y~i h} h mbhccildi al pbhp ap fhq phgi okmy} ko u~kd~hf} pbhp h~i

vi~q h`vhlphdiky} pk mcailp}# nyp pbhp k cappci pk alm~ih}i UUUAU lyfni~} al pbi }bk~p pi~f, Pba}

a} i}uimahccq h u~kncif ok~ Okk` ]imy~apq u~kd~hf} }almi pbiq tk~g kl h ~ichpavicq }fhcc }mhci

hl` pbia~ iooimp} h~i kopil }iil al pbi ckldi~ pi~f "Mh~lidai# Pymgi~# Bapzifhl# Cay# >588!,


10/58

Alpi~lhc k~dhlazhpaklhc mycpy~i a} vi~q afuk~phlp hp pbi MON h} ap a} hp fk}p lkl&

u~koap k~dhlazhpakl}, Pbi k~dhlazhpaklhc mycpy~i bicu} hpp~hmp hl` ~iphal pbi vkcylpii~ tk~gok~mi

pbhp MON ìuil`} kl h} ticc h} pbi uha` }phoo, Al oa}mhc qih~ >551&>585# vkcylpii~} mklp~anypi`

85?#555 bky~} ko tk~g pafi, Pba} a} ixyavhcilp pk pbi tk~g bky~} ko 95 h`àpaklhc oycc&pafi

ifuckqii} k~ =4) ko MON} tk~gok~mi "Hllyhc îuk~p# >585!, Mh~lidai p~ai} pk phgi h nkppkf

yu huu~khmb tbil uk}}anci pk fhgi }phoo hl` vkcylpii~} oiic huu~imahpi`, Bi nicaivi} pbhp ao

}phoo fifni~} h~i p~ihpi` al h o~ail`cq# uk}apavi thq pba} hpfk}ubi~i tacc p~hl}oi~ pk pbi

vkcylpii~} hl` ycpafhpicq pk pbk}i niald }i~vi` "Mh~lidai# >588!, Bi p~ai} pk giiu ivi~qkli

oiicald mkllimpi` pb~kydb ba} kuil `kk~ ukcamq hl` o~qald uhl mbhp}# pbkydb bi h`fap} pbhp pbi~i

h~i hcthq} pbk}i tbk mhl oiic a}mkllimpi` hp àooi~ilp civic}, Pbi ifuckqii }hpa}ohmpakl

}y~viq} o~kf >585 hl` >588 }bkt pbhp pbi fhjk~apq ko ifuckqii} ~hpi hcc nyp kli xyi}pakl al pbi

hooa~fhpavi kl h ? mbkami Cagi~p }mhci tapb Lk Kualakl h} pbi fa``ci mbkami hl` h Lkp

Huucamhnci mbkami, Pbi kli xyi}pakl pbhp dili~hpi` h fhjk~apq ko ~i}ukl}i} al pbi Lk

Kualakl mkcyfl th} ao pbi o~qald uhl mbhp} h~i hl iooimpavi thq ko mkffylamhpald tapb pbi

MIK,

Fipbk`}

Pbi Mkffylapq Okk` Nhlg ko ]kypbi~l H~azklh "MON! th} mbk}il ok~ hlhcq}a} nimhy}i

ap a} nh}i` bi~i al Pym}kl hl` a} h vi~q va}anci mkffylapq ilpapq pbhp va~pyhccq hlqkli tbk bh}

cavi` bi~i bh} bih~` ko k~ ui~bhu} ivil vkcylpii~i` ok~, Pbi =9 qih~} MON bh} niil h~kyl` a}

fk~i pbhl ilkydb pafi ok~ pbi k~dhlazhpakl pk }ippci alpk uhppi~l} ko nibhvak~ hl`# ko mky~}i#

pbi~i a} xyapi h nap ko fhpi~ahc ok~ hlhcq}a}, U~knhncq pbi fk}p }adlaoamhlp ~ih}kl MON th} mbk}il

th} pbhp kli ko pbi d~kyu fifni~}# Jhgi Mkc`}fapb# a} hl ifuckqii pbi~i,

Jhgi th} hl irp~ificq vhcyhnci ~i}ky~mi ok~ pba} u~kjimp, Bi u~kvaì` h vh}p byn ko


11/58

dili~hc glktci`di hnkyp MON pbhp kpbi~ta}i tkyc` bhvi phgil bky~} pk ~i}ih~mb, Ba} irui~ailmi

hl` }phpy} h} hl ifuckqii u~kvaì` mkl}phlp hmmi}} pk alpi~lhc alok~fhpakl# almcyàld }y~viq}

hl` ~iuk~p} pbhp MON bh` hc~ih`q mkl`ympi`, Ko pbk}i ti ~ioi~ pk pbi _kcylpii~ H}}i}}filp#

_kcylpii~ Bky~} >585&>588# Ifuckqii ]hpa}ohmpakl ]y~viq >588# hl` pbi Byldi~ Hfi~amh

Hllyhc îuk~p >585, Jhgi th} hc}k hnci pk }mbi`yci alpi~vait} tapb h fhjk~apq ko pbi yuui~&

fhlhdifilp }phoo# ivil pbi MIK,

Pbi ifuckqii} pbhp ti~i alpi~vaiti` almcyì`: Fh~mk Cay# @a~impk~ ko H`vkmhmq hl`

Kyp~ihmb7 Jkq Pymgi~# ]ilak~ _ami&U~i}aìlp ko Ohmacapai} FDFP7 Nacc Mh~lidai# U~i}aìlp hl`

MIK7 hl` I~am Bapzifhl# _ami&U~i}aìlp ko Kui~hpakl}, Hl irhfuci ko pbi xyi}pakl }ip} y}i` pk

mkl`ymp pbi alpi~vait} mhl ni okyl` alHuuilàr H, Ap th} afuk~phlp pk mkccimp alok~fhpakl o~kf

fk~i pbhl jy}p fhlhdifilp }phoo# }k h }y~viq th} }ilp kyp pk h lyfni~ ko ckti~&civic }phoo h}

ticc, H mkuq ko pbhp }y~viq mhl ni okyl` alHuuilàr N,

Pk hmmi}} pbi iooimpavili}} ko MON# pbi ]q}pif î}ky~mi Huu~khmb hl` Dkhc Huu~khmb

pbik~ai} ti~i y}i`, Pbi Dkhc Huu~khmb okmy}i} kl bkt ticc hl k~dhlazhpakl fiip} ap} dkhc} hl`

fa}}akl# tbamb a} i}uimahccq afuk~phlp ok~ pbi uyncam }impk~ nimhy}i ao hl k~dhlazhpakl a} lkp

fiipald ap} dkhc}# pbil ap a} lkp oycoaccald ap} mkffapfilp pk pbi mkffylapq hl` lk ckldi~ bh}

}kmaiphc vhcyi k~ cidapafhmq, Bktivi~# pbi~i h~i fhlq u~kncif} tapb pbi Dkhc Huu~khmb7 kli

}uimaoam pk MON a} pbhp kopilpafi} dkhc} h~i vhdyi hl` ap mhl bh~` pk fih}y~i pbi kypmkfi},

I}uimahccq ok~ pbi Okk` î}ky~mi Milpi~ tbi~i pbi okmy} a} kl ckld&pi~f kypmkfi}# ckkgald hp

bkt pbk}i u~kd~hf} fiip MON} dkhc} a} lkp hl hmmy~hpi fih}y~i,

H} }ymb# pbi ]q}pif î}ky~mi Huu~khmb th} pbi kpbi~ pbik~q y}i` al pba} ivhcyhpakl ko

iooimpavili}}, Pba} pbik~q ckkg} hp bkt ticc hl k~dhlazhpakl mhl iruckap pbi ilva~klfilp ok~

~i}ky~mi} tapb pbi vait pbhp }y~vavhc ko hl k~dhlazhpakl a} fk}p afuk~phlp, Pbi}i ptk pbik~ai}


12/58

fhgi hl alpi~i}pald uha~ald al cadbp ko pbi ohmp pbhp lkl&u~koap} h~i glktl pk ni mkl}phlpcq

jyddcald pbia~ oadbp ok~ ~i}ky~mi} pk }y~vavi hl` pbia~ }p~yddci pk u~kvaì h }i~vami pk pbi

mkffylapq# ìoali` nq pbi dkhc}, O~kf bi~i# pbi pbik~ai} ti~i huucai` pk h ~hldi ko pkuam h~ih}:

ilva~klfilp# cihì~}bau# }p~hpidq# }p~ympy~i# hl` k~dhlazhpaklhc mycpy~i, Pbi}i hlhcq}i} okcckt:

Ilva~klfilp

H mkfucipi ilva~klfilphc hlhcq}a} a} hl afuk~phlp mkfuklilp al h}}i}}ald pbi

k~dhlazhpaklhc iooimpavili}} ko pbi MON, Pba} hlhcq}a} }bkti` y} bkt pbi k~dhlazhpakl a}

alocyilmi` nq ok~mi} kyp}aì hl` al}aì pbi ilva~klfilp, Pbi~i h~i ptk mhpidk~ai} ko

ilva~klfilphc iooimp}# pbi oa~}p kli niald dili~hc k~ alà~imp# pbhp ~i}ycp o~kf imklkfam hl`

ukcapamhc ohmpk~}, Pbi }imkl` kli a} ph}g k~ à~imp# pbhp ~i}ycp o~kf }yuucai~}# oylì~}# mkfuipapk~}#

hl` ~idychpk~}, Ti mkl}aì~ pbhp pbi MON ilva~klfilp a} hooimpi` alà~impcq nq pbi imklkfq hl`

ukcapam} hl` à~impcq hooimpi` nq oylì~}# vkcylpii~}# hl` mcailp},

Oady~i 8: Mkffylapq Okk` Nhlg ko ]kypbi~l H~azklh "MON! Ilva~klfilp

Dili~hc+

Alà~imp

Ph}g+ @a~imp


13/58

Ukcapam}

Ba}pk~amhccq# pbi Y,], dkvi~lfilp bh} p~ai` pk hpphmg a}}yi} ko ukvi~pq# byldi~# hl`

lyp~apakl pb~kydb h vh~aipq ko à~imp hl` alà~imp ukcamai}, Iook~p} pk h``~i}} a}}yi} ko byldi~

almcyì u~kd~hf} }ymb h} pbi okk` h}}a}phlmi u~kd~hf} u~kvaì` nq pbi Ylapi` ]phpi}

@iuh~pfilp ko Hd~amycpy~i "Y]@H!, Pbi Y]@H u~kvaì} okk` mkffkàpai} pk pbi MON, Hlq

ukcapamhc ukcamq mbhldi tacc hooimp pbi hfkylp ko mkffkàpai} pbi okk` nhlg ~imiavi},

Imklkfq

Pbi imklkfam }apyhpakl ko pbi Y,], hooimp} pbi MON }almi ap alm~ih}i} pbi ìfhl` ko

alàva`yhc} h}gald ok~ okk` h}}a}phlmi, Okk` nhlg} ~iuk~p pbhp alm~ih}ald ìfhl` a} uh~pamych~cq

`~avil nq fk~i oa~}p&pafi y}i~} ko pbi okk` h}}a}phlmi }q}pif "12 ) ko okk` nhlg}! h~i fk~i

ylifuckqi` "1>)! "Oiiàld Hfi~amh ]y~viq!, H`àpaklhccq# ira}pald mcailp} lii` h}}a}phlmi

fk~i o~ixyilpcq pbhp niok~i,

Mcailp}

Oiiàld byld~q uikuci al }kypbi~l H~azklh a} uh~p ko pbi MON fa}}akl# fihlald pbhp pbiq

thlp pk ~i`ymi pbi lyfni~ ko pbi alàva`yhc} tbk cavi hp# k~ nickt# pbi oiì~hc ukvi~pq civic, Al

Pym}kl# >=,9) ko pbi ukuychpakl cavi} hp# k~ nickt pbi ukvi~pq civic, Kl hvi~hdi# pbi MON

u~kvaì} ilkydb okk` ok~ kvi~ ?8#555 fihc} ivi~q `hq, Fhlq ko pbi}i fihc} h~i à}p~anypi`

pb~kydb kvi~ >55 ckmhc byfhl }i~vami hdilmq uh~pli~} pbhp }i~vi mbac`~il# }ilak~}# pbi tk~gald

ukk~# pbi bkfici}}# uikuci }yooi~ald o~kf accli}} k~ h`àmpakl# uikuci ociiald hny}i# uikuci tapb

à}hnacapai} hl` hlqkli ic}i al lii`,

Oylì~}

Pbi MON kui~hpi} pbhlg} pk `klk~} tbk `klhpi pbi oyl`} pbhp pbiq lii` pk oii` pbi

byld~q, Pbi MON ~imiavi} }ivi~hc byl`~i` pbky}hl` ukyl`} ko `klhpi` okk` hl` lkl&okk` apif}


14/58

ihmb tiig o~kf pbi okk` al`y}p~q, Ivi~q `klhpakl uchq} h uh~p al fhgald ap uk}}anci ok~ pbi Okk`

Nhlg pk u~kvaì lih~cq iadbp faccakl ukyl`} ko okk` hl` d~kmi~q u~k`ymp} ihmb qih~ ok~ byld~q

hl` à}h`vhlphdi` uikuci,

Pbi okk` al`y}p~q a} pbi nhmgnkli ko okk` nhlgald, Byl`~i`} ko ckmhc hl` lhpaklhc

mkfuhlai} `klhpi xyhcapq okk` pk pbi MON almcyàld: à}p~anypk~}# oh~fi~}# fhlyohmpy~i~}#

~i}phy~hlp}# ~iphaci~}# hl` tbkci}hci~}, H`àpaklhccq# `klhpakl} h~i ~imiavi` pb~kydb okk` `~avi},

Kl pbi kpbi~ bhl`# mh}b `klhpakl} h~i alm~ih}aldcq afuk~phlp }almi pbiq h~i y}i` tbil

pbi MON lii`} pk uy~mbh}i okk` pbhp bh} lkp niil `klhpi`, Hc}k# pbi MON ~icai} kl ckmhc hl`

}phpi okyl`hpakl},

Pbi afuhmp pbhp `klk~} bhvi kl pbi MON a} alì}m~anhnci, Pbi MON ~ivilyi ok~ ch}p qih~ th}

$98,9 faccakl# $08,2 faccakl ko tbamb a} `klhpi` okk`, Ao pbiq ~imiavi kli `kcch~# pbhp `kcch~ tacc

bicu pbif à}p~anypi pil `kcch~} tk~pb ko okk`, Tapbkyp `klk~}# pbi okk` nhlg tkyc` lkp ira}p,

_kcylpii~}

Pbi MON ìuil`} kl byl`~i`} ko vkcylpii~} pk n~ald okk` pk }kypbi~l H~azklh, Ch}p qih~

pbi okk` nhlg} vkcylpii~} mklp~anypi` hnkyp 85?#555 bky~} ko chnk~7 pbi ixyavhcilp

ko 95 oycc&pafi ifuckqii}# k~ =4) ko ky~ tk~gok~mi "Hllyhc îuk~p# >585!, Al k~ì~ pk

hmmkfuca}b ap} fa}}akl pk bicu uikuci al lii` ko okk` h}}a}phlmi# pbi MON kuil} ap} `kk~} hl`

kooi~} vkcylpii~ kuuk~pylapai} pk pbi mkffylapq,

Pbi~i a} h mkfucifilph~q thq pk hlhcqzi pbi ilva~klfilp# tbamb almcyì} hl ivhcyhpakl

ko ap} mkfucirapq# ap} }phpi ko `qlhfa}f# hl` ap} fylaoamilmi, Al k~ì~ pk oyccq hlhcqzi pbi

ilva~klfilp ti irhfali` pbi}i pb~ii àfil}akl}# tbamb bicui` y} ìpi~fali pbi iooimp} pbhp pbi

ilva~klfilp bh} kl pbi MON} iooimpavili}} al hmbaivald pbia~ dkhc} hl` knphalald ~i}ky~mi},

Pbi MON tk~g} tapbal h mkfucirilva~klfilp, Pbi vkchpacapq hl` mkfucirapq al pbi


15/58

ilva~klfilp fhgi} ap ci}} u~iàmphnci "Faccagil 8124!, U~afh~acq# pbi mki~mavi al}papypaklhc

u~i}}y~i nq oylì~} ~iocimp} pbi mkfucirapq al pbi ilva~klfilp, Pbi MON lii`} pk okcckt

~idychpk~q hdilmai} ~ixya~ifilp} "Oiiàld Hfi~amh! al k~ì~ pk ~imiavi oylàld, Oiiàld

Hfi~amh lkp klcq u~kvaì} pbif tapb oalhlmahc }yuuk~p nyp ap hc}k u~kvaì} pimblamhc }yuuk~p hl`

}phoo p~halald, Pbi~iok~i# bhvald h bihcpbq ~ichpakl}bau tapb Oiiàld Hfi~amh a} afuk~phlp al pbi

u~kmi}} ko hmbaivald pbi MON} dkhc},

Nq niald fk~i alvkcvi` tapb Oiiàld Hfi~amh# MON a} ~imkdlazi` lhpakltaì hl` bh}

dhali` cidapafhmq hfkld `klk~}, H} Taitic hl` Bylpi~ }phpi`# hooacahpakl} tapb kpbi~

k~dhlazhpakl} oy~pbi~ }i~vi h} h ~i}ky~mi pk h lit k~dhlazhpakl nimhy}i pbiq }i~vi pk cidapafazi

pbi k~dhlazhpakl hl` ap} hmpavapai} "8129!, Tapb pba} hccahlmi# pbi MON tacc hpp~hmp lhpakltaì

`klk~} tbk tacc `klhpi }afucq nimhy}i pbi MON a} uh~p ko Oiiàld Hfi~amh, Mki~mavi u~i}}y~i}

afuk}i` mhy}i` pbi u~kd~hf pk d~kt alm~ifilphccq hm~k}} pbi lhpakl "O~yfgcal hl` îadlkc`#

>550!, Lhpakltaì ~imkdlapakl a} bicuald pbi MON dhal fk~i ~i}ky~mi} al k~ì~ pk hmbaivi pbia~

dkhc},

Hc}k# pbi Y]@H ~ixya~i} pbi MON pk okcckt mi~phal u~kmi`y~i} tapb pbi mkffkàpai}

u~kvaì` pk oii` pbi byld~q, Kpbi~ `klk~} }ymb h} u~avhpi oylì~}# ~iphaci~}# hl` fhlyohmpy~i~}

~ixya~i pbhp pbia~ `klhpakl} h~i y}i` al h paficq fhlli~ al k~ì~ pk u~kpimp mcailp} bihcpb hl`

pbif}icvi} o~kf hlq uk}}anci cht}yap},

Kl pbi kpbi~ bhl`# mcailp} fhgi yu uh~p ko pba} mkfucir ilva~klfilp, ]almi uh~p ko pbi

MON fa}}akl a} pk oii` pbi byld~q# pbiq fy}p y}i àooi~ilp hvilyi} al k~ì~ pk ~ihmb pba} uh~p ko

pbi ukuychpakl hl` mkl}ixyilpcq hmmkfuca}b pbia~ fa}}akl, ]kfi ko pbi}i hvilyi} almcyì:

Oiiàld ckt almkfi hl` bkfici}} uikuci pb~kydb mby~mbi}, Tapb pbiMh~a`h` Mkffylapq Gapmbil u~kd~hf# oky~ }phoo fifni~} u~iuh~i 255 fihc} pk oii`

bkfici}} hl` ckt&almkfi alàva`yhc}, Pbiq y}i okk` `klhpi` nq pbi Y]@H# hl` aoliiì` pbiq uy~mbh}i tbhp a} ~ixya~i` pk u~iuh~i h mkfucipi fihc,


16/58

Pbi MON dki} pk ckt&almkfi huh~pfilp mkfuciri} pk oii` uikuci tbk chmgh p~hl}uk~phpakl fipbk`,

Hp pbi MON th~ibky}i# okk` nkri} h~i davil tbil uikuci ~ixya~i pbif,Pbi hnacapq ko pbi MON pk ni iooimpavi al knphalald ~i}ky~mi} pk oii` pbi byld~q ìuil`} ko pbi

mhuhmapq hp tbamb pbiq bhvi pk ni u~khmpavi hl` m~ihpi h }p~hpidq pbhp hcckt} pbif pk h`hup pk pbi

mkfucirapq ko pbi ilva~klfilp,

Pbi MON a} uh~p ko h `qlhfam ilva~klfilp pbhp a} mkl}phlpcq mbhldald, ]almi pbi

imklkfq a} h ohmpk~ pbhp hooimp} pbi MON# hlq }baop} al ap hooimp pbi hnacapq ko pbi MON pk

hmmkfuca}b ap} dkhc}, Pbik~q }yddi}p} pbhp ap a} ivaìlp pbhp mbh~hmpi~a}pam} ko pbi irpi~lhc

ilva~klfilp uchqi` h `kfalhlp ~kci al ìpi~falald }ymmi}}i} k~ ohacy~i} `y~ald ui~ak`} ko

ìmcali "Mhfi~kl hl` Zhfypk# 812=!, Pk`hq# pbi imklkfq a} yl}phnci, @yi pk pbi imklkfam

m~a}a}# `klhpakl} ~imiavi` nkpb o~kf pbi dkvi~lfilp hl` u~avhpi `klk~} `k lkp giiu yu tapb pbi

ìfhl` ok~ h}}a}phlmi, Al pbi }hfi thq pbi imklkfq a} hooimpald pbi MON# ap a} hooimpald pbi

ukuychpakl al dili~hc, H} fk~i uikuci h~i kyp ko tk~g# fk~i uikuci h~i byld~q, Pbi~i a} hc}k

ylmi~phalpq al ~idh~`} pk pbi ckmhc# }phpi# hl` oiì~hc oylàld pbhp pbi MON ~imiavi} o~kf pbi

dkvi~lfilp, Pbi ukcapamhc ilva~klfilp a} }k `qlhfam pbhp pbi oiì~hc dkvi~lfilp} ~i`ympakl

iook~p} mhl ~i`ymi pbi hfkylp ko oylàld ok~ lirp qih~ nq kli faccakl `kcch~}# pbi ixyavhcilp pk

oky~ faccakl ukyl`} ko okk`,

Al pafi} ko imklkfam m~a}a} hl` ylmi~phalpq# pbi bicu ko vkcylpii~} a} m~ymahc al pbi

u~kmi}} ko hmbaivald pbi MON} dkhc}, ]almi pbi ìfhl` ok~ ~i}ky~mi} a} alm~ih}ald# fk~i

vkcylpii~} h~i liiì` al k~ì~ pk }hpa}oq pbi lii`} ko pbi MON mcailp}, Pbi fk~i bicu pbi MON

~imiavi} o~kf vkcylpii~} pbi fk~i nkri} pbiq mhl u~k`ymi tbamb ~i}ycp} al nippi~ okk` hmmi}} ok~

mcailp}, Pbi mbhccildi pbhp pbi MON bh} a} oalàld thq} pk hpp~hmp fk~i hl` fk~i vkcylpii~},

Ok~pylhpicq# pb~kydbkyp pbi qih~} pbiq bhvi niil hnci pk hpp~hmp vkcylpii~} al àooi~ilp h~ih}


17/58

almcyàld uhmgald nkri} k~ tk~gald hp pbi oh~f, Pk`hq# pbi lyfni~ ko vkcylpii~} fy}p alm~ih}i

}adlaoamhlpcq }almi pbi ìfhl` ok~ okk` a} alm~ih}ald, Pbi `ktl}aì a} pbhp fk}p uikuci vkcylpii~

`y~ald pbia~ }uh~i pafi o~kf tk~g k~ o~kf kpbi~ ~i}ukl}anacapai}, @yi pk imklkfam m~a}a}# ap fadbp

ni pbi }apyhpakl pbhp pbk}i vkcylpii~} h~i kyp ko tk~g hl` pbiq lii` pba} pafi pk oal` hlkpbi~ jkn#

tbamb fhq k~ fhq lkp davi pbif irp~h pafi pk vkcylpii~,

Mhfi~kl hl` Zhfypk }phpi` pbhp k~dhlazhpakl} h~i }ymmi}}oyc pk pbi irpilp pk tbamb pbiq

fhpmb ilva~klfilphc mklàpakl} "812=!, Al k~ì~ pk }y~vavi al pba} `qlhfam ilva~klfilp hl` ni

}ymmi}}oyc# pbi MON a} bhvald h`àpaklhc okk` `~avi}# alm~ih}ald fh~gipald fhpi~ahc}# kuilald

fk~i vkcylpii~ kuuk~pylapai}# hl` }kcaàoqald pbia~ ~ichpakl}bau tapb mapq mkylmack~}# mkylpq

}yui~va}k~}# hl` }phpi ~iu~i}ilphpavi},

Ilva~klfilphc fylaoamilmi~ichpi} pk pbi ìd~ii pk tbamb h oa~f kui~hpi} al hl

ilva~klfilp tbi~i ~i}ky~mi} h~i }mh~mi k~ hnyl`hlp, ]almi ap} okyl`hpakl# pbi MON bh} lkp

irui~ailmi` pbhp fymb mkfuipapakl hl` bh} niil h fklkukcq }almi pbil, Pba} th} hl h`vhlphdi

}almi lk kpbi~ hdilmai} tbi~i h}gald ok~ okk` oylàld, Kl Kmpkni~ =8# >588# Alpi~ohapb

Mkffylapq ]i~vami} Okk` Nhlg "AM]!# y}ald h fafipam }p~hpidq# th} iruhlì`, Nh}amhccq# AM]

dip} h badb ui~milphdi ko pbi okk` pbiq u~kvaì pbi mkffylapq o~kf pbi MON hl` pbi kpbi~

ui~milphdi} o~kf pbia~ ktl okk` `~avi} hl` oyl`~ha}ald ivilp}, Pk`hq# AM] a} mkl}aì~i` h

mkfuipapk~ ko pbi MON, Ivil pbkydb AM] a} y}ald pbi }hfi fkìc h} pbi MON# pbi~i a} lkt

hlkpbi~ okk` nhlg huucqald ok~ d~hlp}# oylàld# hl` `klhpakl},

Pbi `ktl}aì a} pbhp `y~ald hl imklkfam m~a}a}# d~hlp}# oylàld# hl` `klhpakl} h~i }mh~mi#

fhgald mkfuipapakl bh~ì~, O~kf pbi dkvi~lfilp }aì# hcckmhpakl} bhvi niil ~i`ymi`#

ìm~ih}ald pbi hfkylp ko okk` pbhp pbi dkvi~lfilp nyq} o~kf hd~amycpy~i, Al}pih` ko }ilàld

okk` pk mkffylapq okk` nhlg} al pbi Y,],# pbi Y]@H a} }ilàld ap pk h~ih} pbhp bhvi irui~ailmi`


18/58

lhpaklhc à}h}pi~}, Ok~ irhfuci# al pbi fklpb ko Hydy}p# fk}p Y]@H okk` tilp pk By~~amhli

A~ili }y~vavk~}, H`àpaklhccq# oiti~ d~hlp} h~i hvhachnci fhgald pbif fk~i mkfuipapavi, Pbi

ìm~ih}i al oylàld ~imiavi` à~impcq hooimp} pbi MON} u~kmi}} ko hmbaivald pbia~ dkhc}# }almi

oiti~ ~i}ky~mi} h~i ~imiavi` al k~ì~ pk }hpa}oq pbi lii`} ko pbia~ mcailp},

Tapb ~i}ky~mi} }mh~mi# pbi MON a} afucifilpald àooi~ilp }p~hpidai} pbhp tacc hcckt pbif

pk ci}}il pbi afuhmp ko pbi imklkfam m~a}a}, Pb~kydb pbi}i }p~hpidai} pbiq h~i hnci pk knphal

~i}ky~mi} pbhp tacc bicu pbif hmmkfuca}b pbia~ dkhc}, Pbi MON a} bkcàld fk~i okk` `~avi} al

k~ì~ pk ci}}il pbi afuhmp ko pbi ~i`ympakl al okk` `klhpakl}, @klk~ ~ichpakl}bau} bhvi nimkfi

ivil fk~i afuk~phlp al k~ì~ pk h}}y~i `klk~} pbhp pbi MON a} tk~gald ok~ h dkk` mhy}i, Pbi

MON a} m~ihpald }kca` ~ichpakl}bau} tapb okyl`hpakl} pbhp }bh~i pbia~ }hfi fa}}akl# al k~ì~ pk

alm~ih}i n~hl` hth~ili}}# tbamb tacc cih` pk fk~i mklp~anypakl}, ]almi d~hlp mkfuipapakl a}

nimkfald pkydbi~# pbi MON bh} ptk uikuci t~apald d~hlp} al k~ì~ pk il}y~i pbhp pbiq h~i

huucqald pk ivi~q }fhcc hl` ch~di d~hlp hvhachnci, H`àpaklhccq# pbi MON a} tk~gald tapb

hppk~liq} al pktl }k pbiq fadbp }yddi}p `klhpald pk pbi MON pk uikuci tbil u~iuh~ald pbia~

tacc},

]almi ihpald bihcpbacq hl` bhvald h dkk` caoi}pqci a} }k afuk~phlp pk }kmaipq# pbi MON bh}

h`ì` i`ymhpakl pk ap} fa}}akl }phpifilp, Al k~ì~ pk hmmkfuca}b pba}# pbi MON }ph~pi` h

Mkffylapq Okk` î}ky~mi Milpi~7 h u~kd~hf ì}adli` pk u~kvaì hth~ili}}# i`ymhpakl hl`

alok~fhpakl kl okk` h}}a}phlmi u~kd~hf} al Uafh Mkylpq, Nq pihmbald uikuci bkt pk d~kt pbia~

ktl okk` hl` bkt pk ihp bihcpbai~# pbiq bkui pba} tacc cih` pk ckld&pi~f }kcypakl} tbamb tacc

ìm~ih}i pbi lyfni~ ko byld~q uikuci, Hc}k# pbi MON a} hnci pk huucq ok~ d~hlp} dih~i` pkth~`

i`ymhpakl ko dkk` ihpald bhnap},

Ti nicaivi pbhp h fylaoamilp ilva~klfilp tapb badb ylmi~phalpq }y~~kyl`} pbi MON,


19/58

Alpi~lhc ìvickufilp# }ymb h} pbi okk` h}}a}phlmi u~kd~hf} hl` pbi hnacapq pk hmbaivi `klhpakl}#

tacc alm~ih}i pbi mkfuipapavi h`vhlphdi ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl hl` tacc bicu pbif knphal ~i}ky~mi}

pk oii` pbi byld~q hl` i`ymhpi uikuci kl bkt bihcpbai~ caoi}pqci},

Cihì~}bau

Cihì~}bau a} pbi mhuhmapq ko }kfikli pk à~imp hl` ili~dazi uikuci pk hmbaivi dkhc}

"^haliq# >55=!, Nacc Mh~lidai# MIK ko pbi MON# fkpavhpi} ba} }phoo pk fiip pbi fa}}akl ko

hlpamauhpald hl` fiipald pbi lii`} ko pbi byld~q al ky~ mkffylapq, Ba} cihì~}bau a} uavkphc pk

pbi }ymmi}} ko pbi Mkffylapq Okk` Nhlg nimhy}i ko pbi fkpavhpakl pbhp bi n~ald} pk ba} }phoo

hl` uikuci al pbi mkffylapq, Pbi MON nkh~` hc}k uchq} hl afuk~phlp ~kci al pbi `qlhfam ko pbi

okk` nhlg, Pbi nkh~` bh} affiàhpi hypbk~apq kvi~ Mh~lidai hl` fy}p huu~kvi tbhp bi `ki},

Pbiq hc}k bicu n~ald al i}}ilpahc ~i}ky~mi} pb~kydb pbia~ ui~}klhc ukti~ tapbal pbi mkffylapq,

@ipi~falald pbi ~ih}kl nibal` pbi }ymmi}} ko h d~ihp cihì~ a} h mbhccildald ph}g nimhy}i

pbi~i a} lk mcih~ myp hl}ti~ pk pba} xyi}pakl, Cihì~}bau a} hl hn}p~hmp mklmiup pbhp a} ìoali` al

fhlq thq}# hl` }kfipafi} al fhlq àooi~ilp }apyhpakl}, Pb~kydbkyp pbi qih~}# }mbkch~}

ìvickui` pbik~ai} nibal` pbi aìh ko tbhp ap a} pk ni h d~ihp cihì~, Pba} almcyì} nyp a} lkp

cafapi` pk7 p~hap pbik~ai}# hl` nibhvak~hc+}pqci pbik~ai} "^haliq# >55=!, H`àpaklhccq# cihì~} h~i

pbkydbp pk ni iooimpavi tbil pbiq fhalphal hl` ìvicku liptk~g} ok~ pbi k~dhlazhpakl tbamb

ilmky~hdi d~ktpb hl` uh~pli~}bau alpi~lhccq hl` irpi~lhccq ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl "Anh~~h / Bylpi~#

>554!, Kpbi~} bhvi }yddi}pi` pbhp pbi~i h~i nkpb }afach~apai} hl` àooi~ilmi} niptiil niald h

fhlhdi~ hl` niald h cihì~}hqald pbhp nkpb mhl bicu cih` pk pbi iooimpavili}} ko hl

k~dhlazhpakl "Zhcizlag# >555!, Pbi~iok~i# pba} hlhcq}a} tacc irhfali pbi vh~aky} pbik~ai} pbhp

bhvi ìoali` cihì~}bau kvi~ pafi hl` mkfuh~i pbia~ ukalp} tapb pbi cihì~}bau ko Mh~lidai hl`

pbi nkh~` hp pbi MON, Mh~lidai} alocyilmi h} pbi MIK ko pbi MON mklp~anypi} pk pbi


20/58

hmmkfuca}bfilp ko pbi okk` nhlg} dkhc} hl` pbi hmxya}apakl ko pbi okk` nhlg} ~i}ky~mi}, Pbi

nkh~` hc}k bh} h ~kci al pbi iooimpavili}} ko pbi}i u~hmpami},

P~hap pbik~ai} pyd hp pbi lii` pk ìoali mbh~hmpi~a}pam} pbhp bicu iruchal iooimpavi

cihì~}bau "Cimpy~i# 88+>2!, î}ih~mbi~} p~ai` pk ìpi~fali pbi p~hap} pbhp fhgi yu hl iooimpavi

cihì~# tbipbi~ ap ni ubq}amhc p~hap} cagi biadbp hl` bha~ mkck~# k~ ui~}klhcapq mbh~hmpi~a}pam} cagi

bkli}pq hl` alpid~apqhlqpbald pbhp tkyc` bicu iruchal tbq kli ui~}kl th} h cihì~ hl`

hlkpbi~ kli th}lp, Pk`hq ti glkt pbhp pba} pbik~q ohcc} }bk~p nimhy}i ap ohac} pk ~imkdlazi pbhp

pbi~i h~i cihì~} ko hcc }bhui} hl` }azi} tapb vh~aky} ui~}klhcapq mbh~hmpi~a}pam}fihlald pbhp ap

a} lkp uk}}anci pk ìpi~fali iooimpavi cihì~}bau tbil klcq ckkgald hp h ui~}kl} p~hap}, Ivil }k#

hl alpi~vait tapb Mh~lidai }bkt} pbhp bi a} h gal` ui~}kl tapb irmiupaklhc `~avi hl` h ohlph}pam

}il}i ko byfk~ "88+84!, Pbi~iok~i# ti u~kuk}i pbhp pbi p~hap} pbhp fhgi yu ba} ui~}klhcapq

alocyilmi pbi thq pbhp bi ok~f} pbi vh~aky} liptk~g} alpi~lhccq hl` irpi~lhccq ko pba}

k~dhlazhpakl,

Anh~~h hl` Bylpi~ }yddi}p pbhp pbi~i h~i pb~ii à}palmp ok~f} ko liptk~gald pbhp h fhlhdi~

ko hl k~dhlazhpakl fy}p uh~pamauhpi al7 kui~hpaklhc# ui~}klhc# hl` }p~hpidam ">554!, Pbiq }hq pbhp

pbi hcpi~lhpavi pk liptk~gald a} pk ohac tbamb }yddi}p} pbhp kli mhllkp }ymmii` tapbkyp pbi}i

afuk~phlp ph}g} ">554!, Kui~hpaklhc liptk~gald a} pbi m~ihpakl ko }p~kld tk~gald ~ichpakl}bau} al

pbi alpi~lhc tk~gald} ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl, Pba} pqui ko liptk~gald bicu} tk~g dip `kli

iooamailpcq hl` fhgi} pbi d~kyu }p~kld, Ui~}klhc liptk~gald a} hnkyp pbi ìvickufilp ko pbi

cihì~ al ba}+bi~ u~koi}}aklhc uk}apakl tbamb ìhc} tapb irpi~lhc uchqi~} nyp `ki} lkp ~ihmb pbi

}hfi civic pbhp }p~hpidam liptk~gald `ki}, Anh~~h hl` Bylpi~ }yddi}p pbhp }p~hpidam liptk~gald a}

kli ko pbi fk}p afuk~phlp liptk~gald ph}g} nimhy}i ap bicu} fhlhdi~} oal` lit kuuk~pylapai}

tbamb tacc oy~pbi~ pbi ìvickufilp ko pbia~ k~dhlazhpakl hl` cih` pk ckld&pi~f mklm~ipi


21/58

mkllimpakl} ">554!, Pbi}i mkllimpakl} h~i pbi ~ichpakl}bau} pbhp h cihì~ ok~f} tapb kyp}aì

d~kyu} pbhp bicu} pbi k~dhlazhpakl ~ihmb ap} liiì` hmxya}apakl ko ~i}ky~mi} hl` uh~pli~}bau} pbhp

cih` pk pbi iruhl}akl ko }i~vami} pbhp fiip pbi dkhc} pbhp pbi k~dhlazhpakl a} p~qald pk hmmkfuca}b,

Mh~lidai }hq}# al hl alpi~vait kl Lkvifni~ 81pb

# pbhp ap a} limi}}h~q ok~ baf pk uh~pamauhpi al hcc

pb~ii ok~f} ko liptk~gald nimhy}i ko pbi alocyilmi pbhp ap bh} kl pbi MON, Bi filpakl} pbhp bi

}ap} kl }ivi~hc lkl&u~koap nkh~`} hl` oal`} pbhp nq tk~gald tapb pbif bi a} hnci pk dhpbi~ hl`

}bh~i ni}p u~hmpami} tapb kpbi~ lkl&u~koap} "88+84!,

Mh~lidai fy}p hc}k tk~g alpi~lhccq tapb ba} nkh~` hl` irpi~lhccq tapb pbi fiàh hl`

vh~aky} kyp}aì k~dhlazhpakl}, Pbi ~ichpakl}bau} pbhp bi ok~f} al pbi lkl&u~koap }impk~ hl` al pbi

mkffylapq h~i pbi i}}ilmi ko }p~hpidam cihì~}bauF~, Mh~lidai uh~pamauhpi} al mklvalmald

kpbi~} ko phgald h liiì` hmpakl pbhp tacc nilioap pbi MON "Anh~~h hl` Bylpi~# >554!, Ap a} ba}

hnacapq pk fh~}bhc alok~fhpakl# }yuuk~p# hl` ~i}ky~mi} pbhp bicu} mklp~anypi pk pbi

hmmkfuca}bfilp ko dkhc} hl` pbi hmxya}apakl ko ~i}ky~mi} ">554!, Anh~~h hl` Bylpi~ }yddi}p pbhp

}p~hpidam liptk~gald a} h }gacc pbhp mhl ni cih~li` ao kli bh} pbi ~adbp fal`&}ip hnkyp liptk~gald

">554!, Mh~lidai bh} pbhp fal`&}ipbi a} `~avil hl` }fh~p hl` bi glkt} tbhp ap phgi} pk }ph~p

hl` fhalphal h okk` nhlg `yi pk hcc ko ba} uh}p irui~ailmi}, Hl` }k# ba} p~hap} bhvi hl iooimp kl

pbi hnacapq ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl pk ~imiavi ~i}ky~mi} hl` nyac` mkllimpakl} tapb uavkphc

k~dhlazhpakl} pbhp tacc bicu pbi MON ~ihmb ap} dkhc}, Tbaci pbi p~hap pbik~q `ki} lkp tbkccq

ìoali pbi iooimpavili}} ko h cihì~ nimhy}i pbi~i h~i lk }uimaoam p~hap} pbhp h~i irbhy}pavi hl`

irmcy}avi# ap `ki} pkymb yukl hl afuk~phlp aìhui~}klhcapq a} m~apamhc hl` mhl bhvi hl iooimp kl

kli} hnacapq pk ui~ok~f h limi}}h~q k~dhlazhpaklhc ph}g,

Pbi lirp }ip ko pbik~ai} a} mhcci` nibhvak~hc+}pqci pbik~ai}, Pbi}i pbik~ai} u~kuk}i pbhp

pbi~i h~i ptk nh}am cihì~}bau }pqci} tbamb h~i iooimpavi ìuilàld kl pbi }apyhpakl hl` pafi


22/58

o~hfi, Pbi~i h~i ptk nh}am mklmi~l} mkllimpi` pk pbi cihì~}bau }pqci}7 mklmi~l ok~ ph}g hl`

mklmi~l ok~ }kmahc&ifkpaklhc lii`}, Pba} aìh th} ìvickui` fk~i oyccq nq ukcapamhc }mailpa}p

Jhfi} FhmD~idk~ Ny~l} tbk lhfi` pbi ptk à}palmp cihì~}bau }pqci}: p~hl}hmpaklhc cihì~}bau

hl` p~hl}ok~fhpaklhc cihì~}bau "^haliq# >55=!, H p~hl}hmpaklhc cihì~ ~imkdlazi} ph}g lii`}

hl` kooi~} ~ith~`} pk pbk}i tbk# al ~ipy~l# u~kvaì irmiccilp ui~ok~fhlmi hl` }yuuk~p ">55=!,

Mklvi~}icq# h p~hl}ok~fhpaklhc cihì~ pil`} pk okmy} kl al}ua~ald hl` fkpavhpald uikuci tbaci

niald }icoci}} al pbia~ hmp} hl` `kald pbald} ok~ pbi d~ihpi~&dkk`, Pbi}i ptk mklmiup} h~i

}afach~cq à}my}}i` al Zhcizlag} h~pamci hnkyp pbi àooi~ilmi niptiil fhlhdi~} hl` cihì~}

">555!, Ba} ìoalapakl ko fhlhdi~} h} u~kncif&}kcvi~} a} mck}icq calgi` tapb pbi p~hl}hmpaklhc

cihì~} okmy} kl ph}g}, Zhcizlag }hq} pbhp kli ko pbi fhal jkn} ko h fhlhdi~ a} pk }baop nhchlmi}

ko ukti~ pkth~` }kcypakl} hmmiuphnci h} mkfu~kfa}i} hfkld mklocampald vhcyi} ">555!,

Cihì~}# kl pbi kpbi~ bhl`# h~i allkvhpavi hl` m~ihpi lit aìh}, Bi }hq} pbhp pk ni iooimpavi#

cihì~} fy}p u~kjimp pbia~ aìh} klpk afhdi} pbhp irmapi uikuci# tbamb a} hlkpbi~ thq ko }hqald

pbhp cihì~} u~hmpami p~hl}ok~fhpaklhc cihì~}bau, ]k# a} pbi~i h nippi~ u~hmpami; Lk# k~dhlazhpakl}

lii` nkpb fhlhdi~} hl` cihì~}# nyp hp àooi~ilp vaphc ukalp} al pbi caoi mqmci ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl,

Pba} a} lkp pk }hq pbhp kli a} }p~ampcq h p~hl}hmpaklhc cihì~ k~ h p~hl}ok~fhpaklhc cihì~ iapbi~

jy}p kli pqui a} y}yhccq fk~i u~kfalilp pbhl pbi kpbi~, Pbi~iok~i# ap a} ni}p ok~ h lit

k~dhlazhpakl k~ kli pbhp a} dkald pb~kydb h fhjk~ mbhldi pk oal` h ui~}kl pbhp a} fk~i

u~kfalilpcq h p~hl}ok~fhpaklhc cihì~pbiq mhl }qfnkcazi h mbhldi al h lit à~impakl hl` bicu

al}ua~i }ynk~àlhpi} pk }ii h ckld pi~f va}akl,

Mh~lidai mhfi hp h pafi ko fhjk~ mbhldi7 pbi MON bh` niil ckkgald ok~ h ~iuchmifilp

MIK ok~ oky~ qih~} niok~i oalàld baf, Pk`hq bi ì}m~ani} ba} uk}apakl h} kli al tbamb bi a}

~i}ukl}anci ok~ ivi~qpbald nyp `ki} lkp hmp h} hl kvi~}ii~ "Mh~lidai# 88+84!, Al}pih` bi hccyì} pk


23/58

ba} uk}apakl h} kli ko gal` ko niald cagi h mhuphal kl h }bau "88+84!, Ycpafhpicq# bi }hq} pbhp bi

a} al mbh~di ko pbi oypy~i ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl hl` pil`} lkp pk tk~~q hnkyp pbi `hq&pk&`hq

~i}ukl}anacapai}# }uilàld fk}p ko ba} pafi pbalgald al pi~f} ko hp cih}p h qih~ hbih`, Mh~lidai#

pbi~iok~i# a} u~afh~acq h p~hl}ok~fhpaklhc cihì~bi i}phnca}bi} h va}akl pbhp alpil`} pk al}ua~i

hl` fkpavhpi pbi MON }phoo }k pbhp pbiq fhq mh~~q kyp pbi dkhc} ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl hl` dhal pbi

limi}}h~q ~i}ky~mi} pbhp bicu fhgi pbi k~dhlazhpakl iooimpavi tbil mkl}aì~ald pbi dkhc hl`

}q}pif&~i}ky~mi huu~khmbi} pk iooimpavili}}, Mh~lidai mhcc} pbi k~dhlazhpaklhc }p~ympy~i hl

yu}aì&`ktl uq~hfa` nimhy}i bi oiic} h} pbkydb bi a} pbi~i pk }yuuk~p pbi ifuckqii} tbk h~i

~ihccq pbi fk}p afuk~phlp uikuci al pbi k~dhlazhpakl nimhy}i pbiq bhvi à~imp mklphmp tapb pbi

mkffylapq, Tbil bi oa~}p ilpi~i` pbi k~dhlazhpakl bi tk~gi` vi~q bh~` hp fhgald pbi

ifuckqii} oiic mkfok~phnci tapb baf al pbi cihì~}bau ~kci, Hp pbi il` ko pbi fklpbcq hcc&}phoo

fiipald# Mh~lidai tkyc` }phq hopi~ pk bhvi h o~qald uhl mbhp tapb MON }phoo fifni~} }k pbhp

pbiq mkyc` h``~i}} baf tapb pbia~ mklmi~l} "88+84!, Mh~lidai pkkg pbi pafi pk tk~g kl pbi }kmahc&

ifkpaklhc lii`} ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl# h} h p~hl}ok~fhpaklhc cihì~# tbamb bicui` i}phnca}b p~y}p

tapb }ynk~àlhpi}, Bi ivil }hq} pbhp bi cagi} pk mklvalmi uikuci pbhp ap th} pbia~ aìh hl` lkp

Wba}V tbil ap mkfi} pk phcgald hnkyp lit mklmiup} "Mh~lidai# 88+84!, Nq `kald pba}# Mh~lidai

fkpavhpi} uikuci pk mklpalyhccq mkfi yu tapb lit aìh} pbhp fhq bicu pbi k~dhlazhpakl ~ihmb ap}

dkhc} hl` dhal ~i}ky~mi}, Hdhal# Mh~lidai al}ua~i} hl` fkpavhpi} pbk}i h~kyl` baf pk `k pbi ni}p

pbhp pbiq mhl }k pbhp pbi k~dhlazhpakl mhl u~k}ui~, Pbi }yuuk~p pbhp bi bh} ko ba} }phoo fifni~}

bicu} pbif pk oal` pbi mky~hdi pk }hq kuilcq tbhp a} tk~gald hl` tbhp a}lp, Pba} kuil àhckdyi

hcckt} pbif pk à}mkvi~ pbi ni}p u~hmpami} pbhp ycpafhpicq tacc fhgi pbia~ k~dhlazhpakl iooimpavi,

Pbi kuilli}} ko pba} k~dhlazhpakl hc}k davi} ivi~q ifuckqii h mbhlmi pk uh~pamauhpi al pbi dkhc

fhgald u~kmi}}, Niald h uh~p ko pba} u~kmi}} fhgi} ap uk}}anci ok~ hcc ifuckqii} pk ~ihccq


24/58

ylì~}phl` pbi my~~ilp dkhc} ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl }k pbhp tbil pbiq h~i `kald pbia~ jkn# pbiq glkt

tbamb à~impakl pbiq lii` pk dk pk hmmkfuca}b pbi dkhc}, Tapb pba} glktci`di# }ynk~àlhpi} mhl

bicu pbi k~dhlazhpakl nippi~ ~ihmb ap} dkhc} tbamb fhgi} ok~ hl iooimpavi k~dhlazhpakl tbil

mkl}aì~ald pbi dkhc huu~khmb pk iooimpavili}}, H`àpaklhccq# Mh~lidai} fkpavhpakl phmpam} tk~g

kl pbi mkffylapq# tbi~i bi alpil`} pk al}ua~i uikuci pk n~ald al pbi ~i}ky~mi} pbhp pbi MON

lii`}, Pbi fk~i pbhp bi hmp} h} h p~hl}ok~fhpaklhc cihì~ hl` al}ua~i} uikuci hnkyp pbi fa}}akl

hl` pbi dkhc} ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl# pbi fk~i ~i}ky~mi} pbhp pbi MON mhl n~ald al, Mh~lidai

fkpavhpi} uikuci pk `klhpi okk` hl` pafi "h} vkcylpii~}!# pk pbi }kypbi~l H~azklh mkffylapq#

tbamb bh} hl iooimp kl pbi iooimpavili}} ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl, I}}ilpahccq# Mh~lidai a} vaphc pk pbi

MON nimhy}i bi ilmky~hdi} kpbi~} pk ni pbi ni}p pbhp pbiq mhl ni tbamb mhl# al py~l# ok}pi~

allkvhpakl hl` fkpavhpi }ynk~àlhpi},

Pbi nkh~` ko à~impk~} hp pbi MON hc}k bh} hl alocyilmi kl pbi iooimpavili}} ko pbi

k~dhlazhpakl, Pbi fifni~} ko pbi nkh~` h~i hcc uikuci tbk bhvi ìiu ~kkp} al pbi Pym}kl

mkffylapq# tbamb davi} pbif d~ihp civi~hdi tbil liptk~gald, Anh~~h hl` Bylpi~ }hq pbhp pbi

giq pk h dkk` }p~hpidam liptk~g a} civi~hdi# fihlald pbhp pbi nkh~` ko à~impk~} mhl y}i pbia~

mkllimpakl} al pbi mkffylapq pk bicu h`vhlmi pbi dkhc} ko pbi MON k~dhlazhpakl ">554!,

Mkffylapq mkllimpakl} fhq hc}k bicu pbi MON knphal pbi ~i}ky~mi} ap lii`} pk ni iooimpavi

tbil mkl}aì~ald pbi }q}pif ~i}ky~mi huu~khmb, H`àpaklhccq# pbi nkh~` ko à~impk~} bh} pbi

ukti~ pk ba~i# oa~i# hl` ivhcyhpi Mh~lidai h} MIK ko pbi MON, Pba} ukti~ `ki} alocyilmi pbi

iooimpavili}} ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl ao# h} ti bhvi }yddi}pi`# Mh~lidai uchq} h uavkphc ~kci al pbi

iooimpavili}} ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl,


25/58

]p~hpidq

Tapbal pbi uh}p oit tiig}# MON oalhcazi` ap} chpi}p }p~hpidam uchl# tbamb a} my~~ilpcq

hthapald nkh~` huu~kvhc, Hl kooamahc }p~hpidam uchl a} h ~ichpavicq lit mklmiup pk MON,

U~ivaky}cq# pbi nkh~` hl` pbi MIK }ip pbi mky~}i uhpb xyapi alok~fhccq, Pbi fa}}akl# tbamb hp

pbhp pafi klcq mkl}a}pi` ko oiiàld pbi byld~q# th} xyapi }uimaoam hl` }p~hadbp ok~th~` }k pbhp hcc

civic} ko ifuckqii} bh` h ~ihc }il}i ko tbhp MON th} hcc hnkyp, Pbi nkh~` hl` MIK à` }ip

dkhc} hl` knjimpavi}# nyp ifuckqii} ti~i davil h ckp ko o~ii`kf pk hmmkfuca}b pbi fa}}akl al

kpbi~ thq}, I~am Bapzifhl# _U ko Kui~hpakl}# ~imhcc} pbhp tbil Uylmb Tkk`} th} MIK# ao hlq

fhlhdifilp }phoo mkyc` }imy~i $8555 al oylàld pk }ph~p&yu h }fhcc u~kd~hf# Tkk`} tkyc` pbil

àvi~p MON oyl`} pk giiu pbif dkald "88+84!,

Falpzni~d / Thcpi~} tkyc` ~ioi~ pk pba} fipbk` ko }ippald pbi à~impakl h} hl yfn~icch

}p~hpidq "8129!, Tapbal }ymb h }p~hpidq# pbi cihì~}bau }ip} pbi va}akl ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl# tbamb

hmp} h} h nkyl`h~q ok~ pbi hmpakl} ko pbi kpbi~ }phoo, Pbi~iok~i# pbi}i }phoo hmpakl} h~i xyapi

ifi~dilp al pbhp pbiq h~i lkp }ip ìcani~hpicq o~kf kli milp~hc uchmi hl` al}pih` h~a}i o~kf h

vh~aipq ko alàva`yhc hmpk~}, H nilioap pbhp MON }ht o~kf y}ald pbi yfn~icch }p~hpidq th} h badb

hnacapq pk iruckap pbi ilva~klfilp ok~ ~i}ky~mi}, Hccktald pbi }phoo pk huucq ok~ oylàld fihlp

pbhp fkliq th} mkfald al pbhp fadbp lkp bhvi ivil niil huucai` ok~ bh` hcc pbi ìma}akl} niil

ciop yu pk pbi MIK hl` nkh~`,

Pbi}i h}uimp} ko pbi MON }p~hpidq# tkyc` mch}}aoq pbi k~dhlazhpakl h} hl hlhcqzi~#

hmmk~àld pk Faci} hl` ]lkt} pqukckdq "8142!, Hcpbkydb MON th} lkp mkl}phlpcq ckkgald ok~

lit }i~vami} pk kooi~ k~ phgald bydi ~a}g}# pbi ociranacapq ko pbia~ }p~hpidq hcckti` pbif pk ni

allkvhpavi hl` pk oal` lit hl` nippi~ thq} ko fiipald pbi lii`} ko Pym}kl} byld~q, Kli ukalp

al MON} ba}pk~q# `y~ald tbamb pbiq fadbp ni nippi~ mch}}aoai` h} h u~k}uimpk~# th} tbil pbiq


26/58

almk~uk~hpi` pbi Okk` î}ky~mi Milpi~, Pbi milpi~ th} pbi naddi}p }piu hthq o~kf }afucq

davald pbi byld~q okk` pbhp MON bh` phgil, Hcpbkydb ap bh` h }afach~ haf h} pbi kpbi~ MON

u~kd~hf}# ap th} h``~i}}ald pbi a}}yi o~kf h mkfucipicq àooi~ilp hldci, Pbi h`àpakl th} h ~a}g

ok~ MON hl` ap pkkg hthq ~i}ky~mi} pbhp mkyc` bhvi u~kvaì` fk~i ukyl`} ko okk`# tbamb a} pbi

}phl`h~` nq tbamb MON h}}i}}i} ap} hmmkfuca}bfilp ko pbi fa}}akl, Pbi u~kd~hf} tapbal pbi

Okk` î}ky~mi Milpi~ }iif pk ni xyapi }ymmi}}oyc hl` }kfi ivil mklp~anypi okk` pk pbi

à}p~anypakl }aì ko MON# nyp }k oh~ pbi k~dhlazhpakl bh} lkp okyl` h thq pk fih}y~i ao pbiq h~i

hmbaivald tbhp pbiq bh` bkui` pb~kydb pbi milpi~ al pi~f} ko i`ymhpald pbi uyncam,

Pba} u~k}uimpavi fkfilp al MON ba}pk~q a} pbi ni}p irhfuci ko pbi thq pbia~ }p~hpidq

bh} ifn~hmi` àvi~}aoamhpakl, @avi~}aoqald a} nilioamahc pk k~dhlazhpakl} nimhy}i h} pbiq h``

fk~i hmpavapai} pk pbia~ kui~hpakl}# pbia~ h~ilh ko ukpilpahc oylàld }ky~mi} d~kt} hl` bkuioyccq

pbi lyfni~ ko oylì~} pbiq hmpyhccq bhvi# tbamb a} afuk~phlp ok~ h lkl&u~koap }k pbhp ao kli

}ky~mi `~ai} yu# pbi k~dhlazhpakl tacc }pacc }y~vavi tapb pbi kpbi~ oylì~}, Hc}k# u~kvaàld fk~i

}i~vami} h``} pk pbi }kmaiphc vhcyi ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl# oy~pbi~ il}y~ald ap} mklpalyi` ira}pilmi,

MON bh} fk~i uy~uk}i al pbi mkffylapq pk`hq tapb ap} kpbi~ u~kd~hf} pbhl ap à` tbil ap klcq

à}p~anypi` okk`, Oy~pbi~fk~i# àvi~}aoamhpakl fihl} pbi k~dhlazhpakl bh} h pkkcnkr ko phmpam} ok~

fiipald ap} dkhc} hl` fa}}akl, H} filpakli`# pbi Okk` î}ky~mi Milpi~ phgi} h àooi~ilp

huu~khmb pk h``~i}}ald byldi~, Al}pih` ko davald uikuci okk`# ap pihmbi} pbif bkt pk d~kt pbia~

ktl okk`# tbamb MON bkui} tacc ycpafhpicq u~kvi pk ni h u~khmpavi fipbk` ko ifukti~ald

uikuci pk knphal okk` pbif}icvi} niok~i pbiq nimkfi byld~q hl` lii` okk` nkri}, Al pba} thq#

àvi~}aoamhpakl bicu} MON pk ~ihmb pbia~ dkhc} tapb àooi~ilp phmpam} tbipbi~ ap ni ìcavi~ald okk`

nkri}# ~yllald h }kyu gapmbil# k~ bicuald h ohfacq }ph~p pbia~ ktl dh~ìl,


27/58

@avi~}aoamhpakl mhl hc}k ni h nh` pbald tbil ap h``} pkk fymb mkfucirapq k~ }u~ih`} hl

k~dhlazhpakl pk pbal, ]k oh~# MON bh} }phqi` hthq o~kf h`àld lkl&fa}}akl&~ichpi` hmpavapai} pk

ap} kui~hpakl}# nyp kli al}phlmi tbi~i àvi~}aoqald m~ihpi` mbhccildi} ok~ MON th} tbil pbiq

h`ì` o~kzil okk`} pk pbi okk` pbiq à}p~anypi, Fk}p ko pbi uh~pli~ k~dhlazhpakl} pbhp à}p~anypi

MON okk` h~i }fhcc hl` `k lkp bhvi ch~di o~iizi~}# }k tbilivi~ MON ~imiavi} o~kzil okk`} pbiq

mhllkp ypacazi pbi}i uh~pli~}, Bapzifhl lkpi` hp ba} alpi~vait pbhp MON fadbp lii` pk ckkg ok~

lit hdilmai} pbhp bhvi pbi pimblkckdq pk à}p~anypi hcc pbi pqui} ko okk` MON mkccimp}# tbamb

fhq ni limi}}h~q hlqthq `yi pk MON} mklpalyi` d~ktpb "88+84!,

Mkfuipapakl al pbi ilva~klfilp a} kopil h giq }p~hpidam mkl}aì~hpakl ok~ k~dhlazhpakl}

hl` Fambhic Uk~pi~ ìvickui` h fkìc pbhp hlhcqzi} bkt k~dhlazhpakl} uk}apakl pbif}icvi} al

~ichpakl pk pbia~ mkfuipapk~} al k~ì~ pk ni }ymmi}}oyc "Cimpy~i# 85+0!, Tbaci MON à` lkp

limi}}h~acq oap kli ko Uk~pi~} mbh~hmpi~azhpakl}# ap à` phgi h mkl}maky} }phlmi pkth~`}

mkfuipapk~} "Cimpy~i# 85+0!, Al bi~ alpi~vait# Jkq Pymgi~ à}my}}i` bkt Tkk`} }p~kvi pk fhgi

MON vi~q almcy}avi ko kpbi~ k~dhlazhpakl} }k pbhp pbiq tkyc` mkfi pk MON ao pbiq liiì` okk`

k~ kpbi~ ~i}ky~mi} ~hpbi~ pbhl hmpyhccq nimkfald h mkfuipapk~ hl` }iigald kyp oylàld hl`

`klhpakl }ky~mi} "88+84!, Pba} }p~hpidq bh} u~kvi` xyapi }ymmi}}oyc nimhy}i ylcagi kpbi~ mapai}

pbhp bhvi fhlq okk` nhlg}# }ymb h} Ubkilar# tbamb bh} pb~ii# Pym}kl bh} klcq kli ch~di&}mhci

okk` nhlg, Bktivi~# Jkq Pymgi~ filpakli` pbhp pbi Lk~pbti}p Alpi~ohapb milpi~ bh} pbi ukpilpahc

pk nimkfi h mkfuipapk~ okk` nhlg al pbi oypy~i, Pbiq bhvi ~imilpcq iruhlì` pbia~ kui~hpakl}

hl` mbhldi` pbia~ lhfi pk almcyì okk` nhlg# hcpbkydb pbiq my~~ilpcq }pacc dip pbia~ okk` o~kf

MON,

Al >55?# Nacc Mh~lidai nimhfi pbi lit MIK, Pbi oa~}p }p~hpidam uchl ylì~ ba} cihì~}bau

th} m~hopi` àooi~ilpcq pbhl hlq pbhp bh` u~imiì` ap, Lkp klcq th} ap hl kooamahc uchl# }bh~i`


28/58

pb~kydbkyp pbi k~dhlazhpakl hl` tapb pbi uyncam# nyp ap th} m~ihpi` tapb aluyp o~kf hcc civic} ko

}phoo, Ifuckqii} h~i hcthq} dkald pk ni fk~i }yuuk~pavi hl` fkpavhpi` pkth~`} pbi knjimpavi} ko

hl k~dhlazhpakl ao pbiq# pbif}icvi}# bicui` pk m~hop pbif k~ hp cih}p bh` }kfi ko pbia~ aìh}

almk~uk~hpi`, Fk}p cagicq# pba} th} h nad uh~p ko tbq pbi dkhc} ko pba} }p~hpidam uchl ti~i

mkfucipi` }k xyamgcqivil niok~i pbi 8555 `hq} bh` uh}}i`,

]p~hpidq ylì~ Mh~lidai bh} phgil h }baop, Ifuckqii} lk ckldi~ bhvi pbi ukti~ pk alapahpi

u~kd~hf} pbif}icvi}# nyp# h} pbi 8555 `hq }p~hpidam uchl a} h mcih~ irhfuci ko# pbia~ aluyp a}

phgil alpk hmmkylp, Pba} uchl fhq bhvi niil h p~hl}apakl ukalp# bktivi~# nimhy}i MON }iif} pk

lk ckldi~ y}i hl yfn~icch }p~hpidq# nyp lkt y}i} fk~i ko h uchlli` }p~hpidq "Falpzni~d /

Thpi~}# 8129!, Pbi }p~hpidam uchl pbhp th} jy}p mkfucipi` tapbal pbi ch}p oit tiig} a} hl

irhfuci ko pba} uchlli` }p~hpidq, Ok~ pba} uchl# ap th} MON} cihì~}bau pbhp ok~fychpi` pbi

o~hfitk~g nq ìmaàld pk y}i pbi dkhc} ko OH, Aluyp th} ~ixyi}pi` o~kf pbi ckti~ civic}# nyp ap

à` lkp almcyì pbi ohmi&pk&ohmi fiipald niptiil }phoo hl` cihì~}bau ko pbi u~ivaky} uchl,

Al}pih`# h ~ixyi}p th} }ilp `ktl pbi mbhal ko mkffhl` hl` mkffilp} hl` kualakl} ti~i }ilp

nhmg yu pk pbi cihì~}bau, Ap a} ylmcih~ pbi ìd~ii pk tbamb cihì~}bau ypacazi` pbi }phoo aluyp pbiq

bh` ~ixyi}pi`, Hcpbkydb pkk ih~cq pk picc# hdhal# }phoo tacc ni fk~i taccald hl` fkpavhpi` pk mh~~q

kyp pbi }p~hpidq ao pbiq oiic pbia~ aìh} bhvi niil phgil pk bih~p,

Hcpbkydb MON nimhfi h fifni~ ko OH tbaci Tkk`} th} MIK# Mh~lidai bh} phgil pbi

k~dhlazhpakl ivil oy~pbi~ pkth~`} hcadlald tapb OH, Pbi~i h~i h lyfni~ ko nilioap} MON

~imiavi} o~kf pba} hcadlfilp }p~hpidq, I}uimahccq tapb oiì~hc oylàld ìmcalald# ihmb hl` ivi~q

oylàld }ky~mi a} i}uimahccq afuk~phlp7 }k ivil pbkydb MON `ki} lkp ~imiavi h ch~di uk~pakl ko

ap} oylàld o~kf OH# ap a} }pacc limi}}h~q pk giiu pbhp ~ichpakl}bau bihcpbq, Oy~pbi~fk~i# OH


29/58

n~ald} MON alpk pbi oiì~hc h~ih tbi~i ap mhl ni ~imkdlazi` nq hl` ukpilpahccq ~imiavi oyl`}

o~kf h d~ihpi~ }ky~mi ukkc,

Ylì~ Mh~lidai} cihì~}bau# MON bh} }baopi` ~i}ky~mi} o~kf }ph~pald lit u~kd~hf} pk

iruhlàld my~~ilp kli}# i}uimahccq pk lit dikd~hubam h~ih}, Tkk`} pily~i }ht pbi alp~k`ympakl

ko h tbkci lit uh~p ko pbi fa}}akl, Al mklp~h}p# Mh~lidai bh} h`ì` h n~hlmb nhlg al Lkdhci}#

à}p~anypakl} pk D~hbhf# D~iilcq# Mkmba}i# hl` ]hlph M~yz mkylpai}# h 85&hm~i oh~f al Fh~hlh#

hl Y~nhl Oh~f al Fa`vhci Uh~g, H }py`q nq Hl`~it}# Nkqli# hl` Thcgi~ ">55?! okyl` pbhp

badb&ui~ok~fald k~dhlazhpakl} y}i` h }p~hpidq ko allkvhpakl hl` mklpalyky} }ih~mbald ko pbi

irpi~lhc ilva~klfilp ok~ lit fh~gip}# tbamb ìfkl}p~hpi} tbq pbi à~impakl} ko nkpb Tkk`}

hl` Mh~lidai bhvi niil }ymmi}}oyc, Tkk`} okmy}i` kl allkvhpavi thq} pk hmmi}} lit fh~gip}#

p~qald lit u~kd~hf} pbhp ti~i }pacc ylì~ pbi fa}}akl# tbaci Mh~lidai bh} okyl` lit fh~gip} "ko

mcailp} hl` oylàld }ky~mi}! nq iruhlàld pbi }i~vami h~ih hl` hcadlald tapb OH al k~ì~ pk ~ihmb

h lhpaklhc hyàilmi, Al pba} thq# Mh~lidai bh} mklpalyi` MON} ba}pk~q ko ui~ok~fald h} hl

hlhcqzi~# ì}uapi }kfi mbhldi} al pbi k~dhlazhpaklhc }p~hpidq,

]k oh~ MON bh} niil xyapi }ymmi}}oyc al hmxya~ald ~i}ky~mi} o~kf pbi ilva~klfilp pbhlg}

pk pbia~ }p~hpidam ui~ok~fhlmi h} hl hlhcqzi~ pb~kydb allkvhpakl hl` àvi~}aoamhpakl, Bktivi~#

pbia~ iooimpavili}} al fiipald pbia~ dkhc} a} ci}} mcih~, Pbia~ my~~ilp fih}y~i ko }ymmi}}# nh}i` kl

ukyl`} ko okk` à}p~anypi`# `ki} lkp h``~i}} pbi fa}}akl al pkphcapq, Oy~pbi~fk~i# alpi~vait}

~ivihci` }kfi }phoo xyi}paklald ao ukyl`} ko okk` a} ivil ~ihccq hl huu~ku~ahpi fih}y~i ko

oiiàld Pym}kl} byld~q, Bktivi~# pbi~i bh} niil à}my}}akl ko phmgcald pba} ivhcyhpakl

mbhccildi al pbi lih~ oypy~i, Klcq pafi tacc picc ao pbi chpi}p }p~hpidam uchl hl` pbi hcadlfilp tapb

OH tacc hmbaivi ivi~qpbald MON a} bkuald,


30/58

]p~ympy~i

Oiì~hpakl

Yukl ba} h~~avhc# Nacc Mh~lidai okmy}i` kl pbi afuk~phlmi ko pbia~ hooacahpakl tapb

Oiiàld Hfi~amh, Al Mh~lidai} vait# niald h uh~p ko pba} k~dhlazhpakl hcckti` ok~ d~ihpi~ hmmi}}

pk oalhlmahc ~i}ky~mi} h} ticc h} ~iuyphpakl nyacàld pb~kydb lhpaklhc h`vi~pa}ifilp, Al k~ì~ ok~

pbi k~dhlazhpakl pk ~ifhal hooacahpi` ylì~ Oiiàld Hfi~amh ap bh} pk uhq h fklpbcq fifni~}bau

oii hl` mkfucq tapb n~hlàld# fh~gipald hl` }hoipq ukcamai}, H} hl hooacahpi# pbi MON a}

~idychpi` hl` bic` pk badb okk` }hoipq }phl`h~`} h} ticc h} fk~i ok~fhcazi` h`fala}p~hpavi

u~kmi`y~i} }ymb h} hmmkylpald hl` alvilpk~q u~kmi}}i}, ]kfi irhfuci} ko }phl`h~`} pbhp pbi

MON bh} pk h`bi~i pk h~i u~k`ymp al}uimpakl# giiuald ui~a}bhnci okk`} al }uimahc o~iizi~}# hl`

a}}yald paficq ~imiaup} pk `klk~}, H}aì o~kf pba}# pbi MON bh} oycc hypklkfq kvi~ pbi u~kd~hf}

hl` }i~vami} ap ta}bi} pk kooi~,

Nimkfald hl hooacahpi ko h oiì~hpakl }p~ympy~i a} nilioamahc pk pbi iooimpavili}} ko pbi

MON al pbhp ap hcckt} pbi k~dhlazhpakl pk dhal ~i}ky~mi} nkpb hp h lhpaklhc hl` ckmhc }mhci, Hp pbi

lhpaklhc }mhci# h oiì~hpakl h``} vhcyi pk h n~hl` hl` mkffylamhpi} ap} hpp~anypi} pk `klk~} hl`

ckmhc mkffylapai} "KOchlhdhl hl` Phcailpk# >550!, Al }afuci pi~f}# ap bicu} nyac` yukl pbi

k~dhlazhpakl} ~iuyphpakl, Hmmk~àld pk Qymbpfhl hl` ]ih}bk~i pbi .~iuyphpakl ko alàva`yhc} k~

d~kyu} h} alocyilpahc} al pbia~ mkffylapq ukcapamhc hooha~} a} ap}ico h ~i}ky~mi "81?4!, Hp pbi

}hfi pafi# pbi MON ~yl} pbi h`vhlphdi ko bhvald pbi hnacapq pk hpp~hmp ~i}ky~mi} al pi~f} ko

`klhpakl} hl` vkcylpii~} hp pbi mkffylapq civic, Al h`àpakl# pbi k~dhlazhpakl nilioap} o~kf

p~halald kuuk~pylapai}# pimblamhc }yuuk~p hl` kpbi~ almilpavi} }ymb h} p~ymg} hl` kpbi~ ixyaufilp

pbhp h~i u~kvaì` nq Oiiàld Hfi~amh, H} }ymb# niald hl hooacahpi ko Oiiàld Hfi~amh nilioap}

pbi k~dhlazhpakl nq fhrafazald pbia~ hnacapq pk dip ~i}ky~mi},


31/58

Alpi~i}paldcq# niald uh~p ko pba} oiì~hpakl k~ o~hlmba}i# h} ì}m~ani` nq MIK Mh~lidai#

`ki} lkp }i~vi h} h }hoidyh~` hdhal}p mkfuipapakl "88+84!, Hmmk~àld pk KOchlhdhl hl` Phcailpk

}kfi a}}yi} pbhp fhq h~a}i al h oiì~hpakl h~i py~o nhppci}# pil}i ~ichpakl}bau} niptiil lhpaklhc

hl` ckmhc }phoo hl` pbi uk}}anci hcailhpakl ko okyl`hpakl} hl` mk~uk~hpi uh~pli~} ">550!, Oiiàld

Hfi~amh a} h mkfuipald k~dhlazhpakl pk pbi MON nimhy}i ap ~ha}i} oyl`} al pbi Pym}kl

Mkffylapq, Al uh~pli~ald tapb pbif# pbi MON a} hnci pk ildhdi al pbi irmbhldi ko ~i}ky~mi}

tapb Oiiàld Hfi~amh tbaci ~ifhalald mkfuipapavi hp pbi mkffylapq civic "Mh~lidai# 88+84!,

Pbi~i a} h nhchlmi niptiil hypklkfq o~kf hl` mkffapfilp pk pbi oiì~hpakl hccktald pbi MON

pk iruckap ap} ilva~klfilp hl` hmxya~i }mh~mi hl` vhcyhnci ~i}ky~mi} pbhp h~i i}}ilpahc al uy~}yald

ap} kooamahc dkhc} "Pkcni~p hl` Bhcc# >551!,

Pbi K~dhlazhpaklhc Bai~h~mbq

Pbi MON bh} d~ktl kvi~ pbi qih~} alpk h mkfucir bai~h~mbamhc }p~ympy~i h} fk~i

u~kd~hf} hl` alapahpavi} h~i h`ì` pk pbi kvi~hcc fa}}akl, Pbi lhpy~i ko }p~ympy~i hcckt} pbi MON

pk k~dhlazi alpk oylmpaklhc ìuh~pfilp}, H ch~di mkfuklilp ko pbi }p~ympy~i ilmkfuh}}i} oavi

vami u~i}aìlp} tbk h~i al mbh~di ko }yui~va}ald hl` fhlhdald pbi oylmpakl} ko pbi MON

almcyàld ìvickufilp# kui~hpakl}# oalhlmi# ohmacapai} fhlhdifilp hl` okk` }imy~apq hl`

à}p~anypakl u~kd~hf}, Oylmpaklhc d~kyuald a} giq pk hmmkfuca}bald pbi MON} fa}}akl davil pbi

lhpy~i ko pbi }i~vami} u~kvaì` hl` pbi vh~qald ph}g ilva~klfilp} pbhp ira}p hp àooi~ilp civic} ko

pbi k~dhlazhpakl,

Kli ko pbi h`vhlphdi} ok~ pbi MON al bhvald h ìmilp~hcazi` }p~ympy~i a} pbhp ap ok}pi~}

ociranacapq hl` hcckt} ok~ pbi k~dhlazhpakl pk xyamgcq ~i}ukl` pk ilva~klfilphc mbhldi}, Fi~pkl

h~dyi} pbhp pbi fi~ap ko h bai~h~mbq a} ap} pimblamhc iooamailmq# tapb h u~ifayf uchmi` kl

u~ima}akl# }uii`# irui~p mklp~kc# mklpalyapq# à}m~ipakl hl` kupafhc ~ipy~l} kl aluyp "8105!, Pba}


32/58

a} i}uimahccq p~yi ok~ pbi MON al ~idh~`} pk ukcamq mkfucahlmi, H} }phpi` ih~cai~# oylì~} hl`

`klk~} }ip }uimaoam }phl`h~`} hl` ukcamai} ok~ pbi MON pk h`bi~i pk, Ok~ irhfuci# Oiiàld

Hfi~amh }ip} ukcamai} ok~ il}y~ald }hoipq al pbi th~ibky}i ohmacapai} hl` kl }ippald pafi fh~dal}

ok~ a}}yald ~imiaup} pk `klk~}, H}}y~ald pbhp pbi k~dhlazhpakl a} oyccq mkfucqald tapb hcc

}phl`h~`} a} fk~i ih}acq hmmkfuca}bi` nq à}p~anypald pbi ~i}ukl}anacapai} hm~k}} pbi

k~dhlazhpaklhc àva}akl}, Pba}# al py~l# bicu} pbi MON} hnacapq pk kupafazi pbi hmxya}apakl ko

~i}ky~mi} o~kf oylì~} hl` `klk~},

]p~ympy~ald al oylmpaklhc mkfuklilp} hcckt} pbi MON pk iooamailpcq hmmkfuca}b pbi `hq&

pk&`hq dkhc} ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl "Cimpy~i lkpi}# 88+8!, Pba} a} i}uimahccq p~yi hp pbi kui~hpaklhc

civic tbi~i okk` nkr u~iuh~hpakl hl` à}p~anypakl phgi} uchmi, Al u~iuh~ald okk` nkri}# ok~

irhfuci# ph}g} h~i àvaì` hfkld pbi tk~gi~} hl` vkcylpii~}, ]kfi h~i al mbh~di ko fhgald

}y~i pbhp pbi~i h~i ilkydb hfkylp} ko pbi àooi~ilp okk`} kl pbi ockk~ hvhachnci pk pbk}i pbhp h~i

uchmald pbi okk` apif} alpk pbi nkri}, Al pbi fihlpafi# kpbi~} h~i al mbh~di ko al}uimpald#

mkylpald hl` }phmgald pbi okk` nkri}, ]ymb ph}g }uimahcazhpakl alm~ih}i} iooamailmq nq }hvald

pafi pb~kydb mkk~àlhpi` iook~p}, Oy~pbi~fk~i# ap hcckt} ok~ pbi MON pk ni ~i}ky~mioyc nq

giiuald p~hmg ko pbi hfkylp} ko okk` niald y}i` tbil u~iuh~ald pbi nkri},

@ava}aklhc d~kyuald fhq u~i}ilp }kfi à}h`vhlphdi} pk pbi MON, Pbk}i alàva`yhc}

}i~vald al ìuh~pfilp} }ymb h} hmmkylpald# fh~gipald# uyncam ~ichpakl} hl` byfhl ~i}ky~mi} `k

lkp bhvi pbi kuuk~pylapq pk à~impcq }ii pbi afuhmp ko pbi pbia~ tk~g kl pbi mkffylapq, Jkq

Pymgi~# pbi _ami U~i}aìlp ko Ohmacapai} Fhlhdifilp ì}m~ani} pba} h} pbi alhnacapq pk }ii pbi

ohmi ko byldi~ "88+84!, H} h ~i}ycp# pbi}i alàva`yhc} fhq lkp }bh~i pbi }hfi uh}}akl hl` ap

fhq mklokyl` hl alàva`yhc tbamb hooimp} pbia~ fkpavhpakl pk mkkui~hpi pk hmbaivi pbi kvi~hcc

fa}}akl ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl "Pkcni~p hl` Bhcc# >551!, Mh~lidai mchaf} pbhp pba} m~ihpi} nh~~ai~}


33/58

hfkld pbi chqi~} ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl i}uimahccq tapb mkffylamhpakl niptiil pbi uikuci

yu}pha~} hl` `ktl}pha~} "88+84!, ]p~ympy~i pbhp m~ihpi} chmg ko }fkkpb mkffylamhpakl mhl

cih` pk dkhc} niald fk~i àooamycp pk hmmkfuca}b# k~ fhqni lkp hmmkfuca}bald dkhc} hp hcc# ao pbi

}p~ympy~i a} pkk àooamycp pk mkffylamhpi pb~kydb,

@avaàld k~dhlazhpaklhc ph}g} alpk oylmpakl} fhq u~k`ymi h lh~~kt okmy} fhgald ap

àooamycp ok~ alàva`yhc} pk huu~imahpi hlq kpbi~ vait ko tbhp a} afuk~phlp pk pbi kvi~hcc fa}}akl,

U~ak~ pk pbi Nacc Mh~lidai} h~~avhc pk pbi MON# pbi k~dhlazhpakl bh` niil tapbkyp h ui~fhlilp

MIK ok~ oky~ qih~}, @y~ald pbk}i qih~}# pbi k~dhlazhpakl bh` niil kui~hpald al }ack} tbi~i oavi

ìuh~pfilp} kui~hpi` alìuilìlpcq o~kf ihmb kpbi~ hl` pbi ~i}p ko okk` nhlg, Pbi~i th} h bydi

à}mkllimp# h} ticc h} chmg ko mkcchnk~hpakl hl` mkffylamhpakl# niptiil pbi}i ìuh~pfilp},

]p~ympy~ald nq oylmpakl# al pba} mh}i# ~i}ycpi` al h chmg ko k~dhlazhpaklhc iooimpavili}} al dkhc

hpphalfilp, Nacc Mh~lidai bh} hppifupi` pk ~i`ymi pba} }ack iooimp kl pbi }p~ympy~i nq ilmky~hdald

alok~fhc u~kmi}}i} hfkld pbi civic} hl` okmy}ald }uimaoamhccq kl mkcchnk~hpakl niptiil

ìuh~pfilp},

Ok~fhc v}, Alok~fhc ]p~ympy~i

Pbi k~dhlazhpaklhc mbh~p "}ii huuilàr m! ìuamp} h bk~azklphccq k~dhlazi` }p~ympy~i tapb

fhlq chqi~} afucqald pbhp ìma}akl&fhgald hl` ~iuk~pald p~hvic} pb~kydb h mkfucir oacpi~,

Mh~lidai} nkppkf yu uback}kubq okcckt} pbi aìh pbhp fhlhdi~} h~i pbi~i pk ohmacaphpi pbi

mkfucipakl ko k~dhlazhpaklhc ph}g} nq pbi nkppkf&cali, Al ohmp# al ba} oavi qih~} ko }i~vami# bi bh}

ifubh}azi` hl kuil&`kk~ ukcamq tbi~i uikuci o~kf hcc civic} ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl h~i ticmkfi`

pk à}my}} aìh}# mklmi~l} hl` hlqpbald al ~idh~`} pk pbi k~dhlazhpakl, Mh~lidai} okmy} kl

afucifilpald hl alok~fhc }p~ympy~i a} h thq ko fhalphalald ociranacapq hfkld ìuh~pfilp} pk

hcckt pbif pk kupafazi pbia~ kui~hpaklhc iooimpavili}},


34/58

Fk}p ko pbi ìma}akl&fhgald a} fhì nq pbi vami u~i}aìlp} ko pbi MON, Pbi}i oavi

fhlhdi~} h~i pbi uikuci pbhp h~i al mbh~di ko mkk~àlhpald pbi `hq&pk&`hq kui~hpakl} pk hmbaivi

pbi }bk~p&pi~f dkhc} ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl, Pbi~i a} h }adlaoamhlp civic ko alocyilmi o~kf pbk}i hp pbi

nkppkf chqi~} al ìma}akl&fhgald hl` }kfi à}m~ipakl a} à}p~anypi` hfkld pbi chqi~} ìm~ih}ald

h} ap fhgi} ap} thq pk pbi ckti}p civic} ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl, Fhlhdi~} il}y~i pbhp pbk}i hp pbi

ckti~ civic} bhvi pbi kuuk~pylapq pk mklp~anypi pk pbi k~dhlazhpakl nq bhvald pbif jkal pbia~ }phoo

fiipald} hl` `~htald kl pbia~ glktci`di tbil m~ihpald pbi }p~hpidai} hl` i}phnca}bald

u~kmi`y~i} ok~ pbi MON, Qymbpfhl hl` ]ih}bk~i h~dyi pbhp h ~i}ky~mi pbhp a} ylavi~}hccq

~ixya~i` nq k~dhlazhpakl}# pbhp a} }mh~mi hl` vhcyi`# hl` pbhp a} pbi okmy} ok~ }bh~u mkfuipapakl#

a} ili~dq al pbi ok~f ko byfhl hmpavapq "81?4!, Pbi alok~fhc }p~ympy~i m~ihpi` bh} }i~vi` pk

fkpavhpi ifuckqii} h} ticc h} vkcylpii~} pk }i~vi hl` u~kvaì pba} vhcyhnci ili~dq ok~ pbi MON,

H} }ymb# pbi MON nilioap} o~kf tk~gi~} pbhp h~i alvi}pi` al pbi fa}}akl ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl

afu~kvald kvi~hcc k~dhlazhpaklhc ui~ok~fhlmi al ~idh~`} pk pbi `hq&pk&`hq kui~hpakl} ko okk`

u~k`ympakl hl` à}p~anypakl,

Fa}}akl Fa}hcadlfilp niptiil @ava}akl}

Pbi Mkffylapq Okk` ]imy~apq u~kd~hf} bhvi h`ì` fhlq chqi~} pk pbi k~dhlazhpaklhc

mbh~p# alm~ih}ald pbi mkfucirapq ko pbi bai~h~mbq, Nq h`àld pba} mkfuklilp# pbi fa}}akl ko pbi

MON mbhldi` pk hc}k }i~vi pbi byld~q pb~kydb i`ymhpakl hl` h`vkmhmq, Ap }iif}# bktivi~# pbhp

pbi klcq chqi~ ko pbi }p~ympy~i ko pbi MON pbhp okmy}i} kl uy~}yald pbi fa}}akl ko i`ymhpakl hl`

h`vkmhmq a} pbi Mkffylapq Okk` î}ky~mi}, Pba} bh} m~ihpi` h àva}akl niptiil pbi ~i}p ko pbi

MON `yi pk pbi à}palmp fa}}akl niald uy~}yi` nq nkpb uh~pai}, Pba} almkld~yilmi k~

fa}hcadlfilp ko pbi kvi~h~mbald k~dhlazhpaklhc dkhc} bh} u~k`ymi` h chmg ko mkffylamhpakl hl`

mkcchnk~hpakl niptiil ìuh~pfilp} ~yllald pbi}i ptk pqui} ko u~kd~hf},


35/58

Fk~ikvi~# alphldanci ohmpk~} }ymb h} i`ymhpakl hl` h`vkmhmq h~i bh~` pk fih}y~i hl`

pby} m~ihpi dkhc à}uchmifilp nq ilmky~hdald pbi k~dhlazhpakl pk okmy} kl kypuyp} ~hpbi~ pbhl

kypmkfi} "Cimpy~i Lkpi}# 1+?!, Pbi klcq fipbk` ko fih}y~ald ui~ok~fhlmi ok~ pbi dh~ìlald

u~kd~hf# ok~ irhfuci# a} nq pbi lyfni~ ko i`ymhpaklhc mch}}i} kooi~i`, Pba} fipbk`# bktivi~#

àvi~p} pbi okmy} kl u~k`ymald pbi ì}a~i` kypmkfi} ko i`ymhpald pbi mkffylapq hl` u~kfkpald

bihcpbai~ ihpald bhnap} pk h okmy} kl iruhlàld pbi u~kd~hf al pi~f} ko pbi mch}}i} pbiq kooi~ pk h

ukuychpakl hl` pbi lyfni~ ko mcailp} pbiq }i~vi,

K~dhlazhpaklhc Mycpy~i

Pbi k~dhlazhpaklhc mycpy~i u~kncif} pbhp ti~i huuh~ilp tbil Mh~lidai pkkg kvi~ h} MIK

ko pbi MON oavi qih~} hdk ti~i h ~i}ycp ko pbi k~dhlazhpakl niald cihì~ci}} ok~ lih~cq oky~ qih~},

Tbil h ckld&pi~f# ph}g&k~ailpi` ifuckqii pkkg pbi alpi~af uk}apakl# pbi ckld&pi~f va}akl

nimhfi }imkl`h~q hl` `hq&pk&`hq oylmpaklald pkkg kvi~ }k pbhp pbi tk~g mkyc` mklpalyi h} ap

th}, Pba} ci` pk ìuh~pfilp bih`} okmy}ald kl pbi bai~h~mbq hl` giiuald pbald} h} ok~fhc h}

uk}}ancialmcyàld dippald ui~fa}}akl o~kf }kfikli kvi~ pbif ok~ lih~cq ivi~qpbald, Pbald}

cagi hccktald ifuckqii} pk bicu pbk}i al kpbi~ ìuh~pfilp} ti~i ui~miavi` pk cih` pk ukpilpahc

alpi~&ìuh~pfilphc u~kncif} hl`# pby}# à}mky~hdi`, @iuh~pfilp} nidhl pk tk~g h} }iuh~hpi

a}chl`}# mkffylamhpald falafhccq,

Mh~lidai }kydbp pk nyac` h lit k~dhlazhpaklhc mycpy~i pbhp alpilpaklhccq ifubh}azi` vhcyi

ko ifuckqii} hl` vkcylpii~} tk~g# ~i}uimpok~ pbif hl` pbia~ ui~}klhc hl` ohfacq cavi}# hl` pbi

afuk~phlmi ko pbia~ kualakl} hl` aluyp, Bi à` pba} pb~kydb hccktald mkkui~hpakl niptiil

ìuh~pfilp} hl` ~ifkvald pbi ìuilìlmq kl pbi bai~h~mbq7 m~ihpald hl kuil `kk~ ukcamq hl`

o~qald uhl mbhp}7 ilmky~hdald mkffylamhpakl hl` à~imp phcg niptiil àooi~ilp civic} hl`

ìuh~pfilp} tapb fklpbcq hcc&}phoo fiipald}7 almcyàld hcc civic} ko }phoo al ìma}akl&fhgald hl`


36/58

nyacàld pbi 8555&`hq }p~hpidam uchl7 hl` ok~fald h Byfhl î}ky~mi} Mkffappii pbhp ~yl} hl

ifuckqii lit}cippi~# ì}adli` pbi Hllyhc Ifuckqii ]hpa}ohmpakl ]y~viq# hl` m~ihpi` h ]FACI

Pihf pbhp hmpavicq fkpavhpi} pbi pihf "Mh~lidai# 88+84!, Tbaci Mh~lidai hmglktci`di} pbhp ba}

tk~g al m~ihpald hl aìhc k~dhlazhpaklhc mycpy~i a} kldkald# pbi MON th} ~hpi` pbi pba~` pku lkl&

u~koap pk tk~g ok~ al pbi Ylapi` ]phpi} ok~ >588 nq Pbi LklU~koap Pafi} "Mckci~q# >588!,

Al ivhcyhpald pbi iooimp hl` afuhmp pbhp pba} k~dhlazhpaklhc mycpy~i fhq bhvi kl pbi MON#

pba} hlhcq}a} tacc `~ht bihvacq o~kf I`dh~ ]mbial} pbik~q ko bkt pbi irpi~lhc hl` alpi~lhc

àfil}akl} ko mycpy~i h~i nyacp, Al ìvickuald h }p~kld k~dhlazhpaklhc mycpy~i al pbi MON# pbi

irpi~lhc àfil}akl} pbhp tacc ni vaphc almcyì fa}}akl# dkhc}# fihl} pk hmbaivi dkhc}# hl`

fih}y~ifilp# h} ticc h} alpi~lhc icifilp} pbhp tk~g u~afh~acq tapb alpi~ui~}klhc ~ichpakl},

Hmmk~àld pk ]mbial# mycpy~i ira}p} tbil ifuckqii} }bh~i hl aìlpapq hl` fa}}akl

"]mbial# 8115!, îvaitald ifuckqii }hpa}ohmpakl }y~viq} hl` alàva`yhc }y~viq} à}p~anypi`

tapbal pba} d~kyu# h nicaio al pbi fa}}akl pk fiip pbi okk` lii`} ko pbi byld~q al ky~

mkffylapq a} kli pbhp pai} alàva`yhc} pk pbia~ tk~g hl` pk ihmb kpbi~, Tbaci pbi~i h~i lk à~imp

xyi}pakl} kl pbi}i }y~viq} hnkyp alàva`yhc} mkllimpakl pk pbi fa}}akl# ap a} o~ixyilpcq

mkffilpi` kl al }impakl} pbhp hcckt ok~ vkamald kualakl}: A pbalg ap} h d~ihp k~dhlazhpakl jy}p

ok~ pbi ohmp pbhp ti h~i }pkuuald pbi byldi~ ok~ pbi uikuci# A nicaivi ti h} hl k~dhlazhpakl hl`

uh~p ko h lhpakltaì liptk~g ko okk` nhlg}# fiip hl` irmii` ky~ mk~i vhcyi} pk ky~ mkffylapai}

,,,Afu~ky` pk ni h fifni~ ko pbhp alpid~hc kncadhpakl pk bicu oii` pbi byld~q "Ifuckqii

]hpa}ohmpakl# >588!, Pba} a} hl alàmhpakl pbhp cihì~}bau$} alpilp pk giiu phcgald hnkyp Wpbi vhcyi

hl` fa}}akl ko pbi MONV hl` tbq ti `k tbhp ti `k a} niald mh~~ai` kyp niqkl` pbi alapahc

ba~ald hl` alpk `hacq caoi "Mh~lidai# >588!, _kcylpii~}# pkk# oicp uy~uk}ioyc hp h ~hpi ko 14 pk

855) al >585 hl` >588# ~i}uimpavicq "_kcylpii~ H}}i}}filp# >588!, Ui~}klhc kn}i~vhpakl} nq


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ky~ d~kyu mhl `kmyfilp pba}# h} pbi ifuckqii} tapb à~imp mklphmp pk vkcylpii~} ifubh}azi` pbi

lii` ok~ pbi MON al pbi Pym}kl mkffylapq# tbk pbi k~dhlazhpakl th} }i~vald# hl` tbhp afuhmp

pbi vkcylpii~} fhì pbhp `hq# al lyfni~} ko mcailp} }i~vi`,

Pbi iooimp pba} okmy} kl fa}}akl hl` vhcyi bh} kl pbi MON a} pbhp vkcylpii~} h~i lkp klcq

}hpa}oai` tapb pbi tk~g mkfucipi` pbhp `hq7 pbiq h~i hc}k taccald pk ~ipy~l hl` pk ~im~yap lit

vkcylpii~}, _kcylpii~ Fhlhdi~# G~a}pil Bi~}bni~di~# lkpi` al bi~ ifhac alpi~vait pbhp fhlq

vkcylpii~} mkfi pk y} pb~kydb tk~`&ko&fkypb, My~~ilp vkcylpii~} hc}k ~im~yap vkcylpii~}

"88+=5!, Kli ko pbi fk}p vhcyhnci ~i}ky~mi} pbhp pbi MON ypacazi} a} mkffylapq vkcylpii~}, Al

>585 pbi MON ifuckqi` 8=0 uikuci# nyp ypacazi` 85?5 vkcylpii~} "A^] 115# >585!, _kcylpii~}

h~i y}i` ok~ pbi vh}p fhjk~apq ko fhlyhc chnk~ hl` al&bky}i à}p~anypakl# fhgald yu kvi~ 89>#555

bky~} ko fhlukti~ hllyhccq "_kcylpii~ Bky~}# >588!, Pbiq h~i kli ko ky~ fk}p vhcyhnci

h}}ip}# hmmk~àld pk Mh~lidai "88+84!, Tapbkyp pbhp fkpavhpald mklvi~}hpakl ko pbi

k~dhlazhpaklhc fa}}akl pbi~i fhq lkp ni }ymb h }p~kld }il}i ko uy~uk}i pbhp tkyc` ~idych~cq

n~ald nhmg vkcylpii~} hl` n~ald lit kli} al,

Albi~ilpcq pai` pk pbi fa}}akl h~i fih}y~hnci dkhc}, Dkhc} hl` pbi fihl} pk hmbaivi pbif

h~i hc}k m~apamhc al ìvickuald h mycpy~i pbhp hcckt} ifuckqii} pk oiic }hpa}oai` tapb pbia~ tk~g,

Dkhc} fy}p bhvi hl ilùkalp hl` hcc d~kyu fifni~} fy}p ni hth~i ko pbk}i dkhc} hl` hd~ii kl

pbif, Pbi~i fy}p ni h mcih~ mkl}il}y} kl bkt pk ~ihmb pbk}i dkhc}, Fihl} fhq almcyì pbi

ì}adl ko pbi ph}g}# pbi àva}akl ko chnk~# hl almilpavi }q}pif# hl` pimblkckdq "]mbial# 8115!,

Tbaci fycpauci ckti~&civic ifuckqii} bhvi filpakli`# al pbi ifuckqii }hpa}ohmpakl }y~viq}

hl` al ky~ alìuilìlp }y~viq# pbhp yuui~&civic ìma}akl} h~i kmmh}aklhccq fhì ko tbamb

ckti~&civic ifuckqii} h~i ylhth~i hl` fhq afuhmp pbia~ tk~g pifuk~h~acq ">5) hmmk~àld pk

pbi >588 Ifuckqii ]hpa}ohmpakl ]y~viq!, Pbiq dili~hccq hc}k lkpi pbhp ap a} lkp h uh~pamych~cq


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yly}yhc civic: A bhvi niil kmmh}aklhccq ncal`&}aì` tapb mbhldi} pbhp lii` pk ni fhì,,, pbhp A

bh` lk aìh hnkyp, Lkpbald pkk nh`# pbkydb# hl` bhvald tk~gi` hp h lkl&u~koap niok~i# A oal` pbhp

lk~fhc "Ifuckqii ]hpa}ohmpakl ]y~viq# >588!, ]k tbaci pbi ì}adl ko pbi ph}g fhq }kfipafi}

mbhldi hl` ifuckqii} oal` ap pifuk~h~acq hllkqald# pbiq `k lkp }iif pk cip pbhp dip al pbi thq

nimhy}i# hmmk~àld pk Jkq Pymgi~ al bi~ Lkvifni~ >588 alpi~vait# fk}p u~kmi`y~i} pbhp h~i lkp

}ip nq Oiiàld Hfi~amh k~ pbi Y]@H h~i dili~hccq ìpi~fali` nq pbi alàva`yhc ìuh~pfilp,

@iuilàld kl pbi fhlhdi~ ko h davil ìuh~pfilp# bkt pbk}i ph}g} h~i i}phnca}bi` h~i ì}adlhpi`

nq pbhp fhlhdi~, Tbaci pbi alpilpakl ko cihì~}bau a} pbhp hcc ifuckqii} bhvi aluyp hl` pbhp pbia~

aìh} tacc ni mkl}aì~i`# ao pbiq h~i lkp# ifuckqii} `k bhvi pbi o~ii`kf pk }uihg tapb pbi MIK

y}ald pbi kuil `kk~ ukcamq, Pba} }iif} pk ni iooimpavi# h} ivaìlmi` nq pbi >588 Ifuckqii

]hpa}ohmpakl ]y~viq pbhp ~ihvihc} 1>) ko ifuckqii} oiic pbhp pbia~ fhlhdi~+}yui~va}k~ vhcyi}

pbia~ kualakl} hl` 1=) oiic pbhp pbiq bhvi pbi o~ii`kf pk u~ak~apazi hl` mkfucipi ph}g} kl pbia~

ktl, 15) oiic mkfok~phnci mkffylamhpald pbia~ mklmi~l} pk pbia~ }yui~va}k~, Tbaci

mkffylamhpakl mklpalyi} pk ni ~ha}i` h} h mklmi~l# fhlq ifuckqii} bhvi lkpi` hl afu~kvifilp

tapb pbi ilmky~hdifilp ko y}ald ifhac hl` micc ubkli} pbhp h~i u~kvaì` nq pbi MON, Pymgi~ à`

lkpi# bktivi~# pbhp hcc ifuckqii lii` pk fhgi h mkl}mailpaky} iook~p h} alàva`yhc} pk giiu

mkffylamhpakl yu "88+84!, H} ]mbial lkpi}# pimblkckdq# hl` pbi mkffylamhpakl pb~kydb ap fy}p

ni }bh~i` ~idych~cq hl` nimkfi h mkl}maky} uh~p ko pbi mycpy~i "8115!, Tbaci pba} a} hl iook~p kl

pbi uh~p ko pbi MON# ap a} kli ko pbk}i h}uimp} pbhp }pacc `ki} lkp }iif pk ni oyccq hmmiupi`,

H`àpaklhccq# pbi almilpavi} kooi~i` nq pbi MON# hmmk~àld pk pbi >588 Ifuckqii ]hpa}ohmpakl

]y~viq# h~i fkì~hpicq hmmiuphnci, Ap }iif} pbhp tbaci ifuckqii} `k iruimp fymb# al pi~f} ko

almilpavi} nimhy}i pbi k~dhlazhpakl a} h lkl&u~koap hl` nimhy}i pbiq h~i }i~vald pbk}i al ukvi~pq#

pbiq h~i lkp irp~ificq à}}hpa}oai` tapb pbif nyp h~i lkp uh~pamych~cq fkpavhpi` nq pbif, Mcih~cq


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pbiq tkyc` cagi pk ni ~ith~ì` tapb almilpavi}# nimhy}i pbiq `k filpakl mkfuil}hpakl pb~kydb

h`àpaklhc pafi koo hl` oalhlmahc almilpavi} ok~ irmiupaklhc tk~g,

^kni~p Nibl picc} y} pbhp huu~ku~ahpi fih}y~ifilp ko dkhc hmbaivifilp fy}p ni mbk}il

ok~ h davil ma~myf}phlmi nimhy}i tbhp a} fih}y~i` a} tbhp hmpyhccq dip} `kli ">55=!, ]mbial

picc} y} pbhp# tbaci pba} a} p~yi# pk m~ihpi h uk}apavi mycpy~i# h nicaio al pba} fih}y~ifilp fy}p ni

}bh~i` hm~k}} hcc civic}, Pk `k pba}# hl ifuckqii fy}p ni hnci pk p~y}p ba} k~ bi~ ktl ivhcyhpakl

ko ba} k~ bi~ ktl tk~g# fy}p ni dippald ~idych~ aluyp o~kf pbk}i hnkvi# fy}p knphal oii`nhmg

o~kf }kfikli kyp}aì "cagi h mk&tk~gi~!# hl` fy}p ni hnci pk p~y}p bh~` `hph "]mbial# 8115!, Pbi

MON a} ch~dicq ìuilìlp kl lyfni~} hl`# pbi~iok~i# fih}y~i} fymb ko ap} k~dhlazhpaklhc

}ymmi}} kl lyfni~} ko nkri} à}p~anypi`# ukyl`} ko okk` à}p~anypi`# hl` lyfni~} ko mcailp}

}i~vi`, _kcylpii~} h~i hc}k ilmky~hdi` tapb pbi}i lyfni~}, Lyfni~} pil` pk ni kli ko pbi

}adlaoamhlp fkpavhpald ok~mi} pbhp hcckt ifuckqii} pk oiic }ymmi}}oyc hl` u~k`ympavi# tbamb 19)

~iuk~p oiicald al pbi >588 Ifuckqii ]hpa}ohmpakl ]y~viq, Al hcc pbi}i icifilp} ko fih}y~ifilp#

pbi kli fk}p chmgald a} irifucaoai` nq pbi 8=) ko ifuckqii} tbk oiic pbiq h~i lkp dippald

~idych~ oii`nhmg kl pbia~ jkn ui~ok~fhlmi, Pba} fhq ni h u~kncif tapbal h }uimaoam ìuh~pfilp#

bktivi~# nimhy}i pbi~i a} lk }uimaoamhpakl o~kf tbamb ìuh~pfilp pbi ui~milphdi ko lyfni~}

mkfi} o~kf hl` 49) ko hcc ifuckqii} lkpi` oiicald pbhp pbiq h~i dippald hìxyhpi oii`nhmg,

Hcc pba} okmy} kl dkhc}# dkhc hmbaivifilp# hl` fih}y~ifilp ko dkhc} a} afuk~phlp nimhy}i

pbi}i aìh} h`` yu pk hl ifuckqii} dili~hc hppapyì hl`# h} Mh~lidai lkpi` al ba} Lkvifni~

>588 alpi~vait# Tbil uikuci h~i bhuuq# pbiq h~i dkald pk p~ihp ky~ mcailp} al h o~ail`cq hl`

uk}apavi fhlli~, Ivi~qpbald a} dkald pk ni uk}apavi, @~avi~} tbk h~i bhuuq pbiq h~i dkald pk

fhgi Wpbk}i fhgald `klhpakl}V oiic dkk`, Tbil uikuci mkfi bi~i hl` pbiq bhvi pk }phl` al cali

ok~ okk ap} ìfk~hcazald ok~ h ckp ko uikuci# }k h} uk}apavi h} uk}}anci pbhp ti mhl fhgi pbhp


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irui~ailmi# ap fhgi} y} h }p~kldi~ k~dhlazhpakl, H }p~kld k~dhlazhpakl tapb uk}apavi oii`nhmg

o~kf mcailp} hl` h dkk` afhdi tapbal pbi mkffylapq tacc ni fk~i hpp~hmpavi pk oylì~} hl` pbk}i

tbk fhgi okk` hl` al&gal` `klhpakl},

Ko pbi alpi~lhc àfil}akl} pbhp ]mbial à}my}}i}# pbi kli pbhp bh} pbi fk}p }adlaoamhlp

afuhmp kl pbi k~dhlazhpaklhc mycpy~i ko pbi MON a} pbi à}p~anypakl ko ukti~ hl` pbi afuk~phlmi

pbhp ivi~qkli ni d~hlpi` }kfi civic ko ukti~ hl` cafaphpakl} h~kyl` pbhp ukti~ "8115!, Pba}

ukti~ fy}p ni }uimaoamhccq d~hlpi`, ]kklbii Gaf} h~pamci ìfkl}p~hpi` h uk}apavi ~ichpakl}bau

niptiil h uh~pamauhpavi }p~hpidam uchllald u~kmi}} hl` jkn }hpa}ohmpakl# ~i}ycpald al nippi~

hppil`hlmi# ckqhcpq pk pbi k~dhlazhpakl# ~i`ymi` }p~i}}# hl` ckldi~&pi~f ifuckqfilp ">55>!, Pba}

fhq ni `yi pk h nippi~ nyq&al o~kf ifuckqii} nimhy}i pbiq h~i fk~i alvkcvi` al fhgald

ìma}akl} pbhp pbiq oiic h~i huu~ku~ahpi hl` iooimpavi, Pbi fk}p ~imilp }p~hpidam uchl th}

ì}adli` tapb dkhc} o~kf Oiiàld Hfi~amh hl` ciop nchlg# tapb pbi alpilpakl ko bhvald ihmb

ifuckqii} aluyp kl m~ihpald h uchl ko u~kmi}} ok~ hmbaivald pbk}i dkhc}, Pba} pkkg fhlq fklpb}

hl` k~mbi}p~hpakl# nyp pbi MON okcckti` pb~kydb tapb pbi u~kmi}} hl` pbi uchl th} nyacp tapb

aluyp o~kf hcc ifuckqii}# tk~gald o~kf pbi pku `ktl pk ivi~q ifuckqii hl` pbil }ilp nhmg yu

pbi bai~h~mbq pk pbi MIK hl` nkh~`# tbi~i pbi }p~hpidam uchl th} uyp pkdipbi~, Niqkl` h`àld pk

fk~hci# pba} bicu} pbi ifuckqii} pk iooimpavicq tk~g pkdipbi~ hl` tapbal pbia~ k~dhlazhpakl#

}p~ildpbilald nkpb fifni~ aìlpaoamhpakl hl` d~kyu aìlpaoamhpakl# pk i}phnca}b iooimpavi

u~kmi}}i}# ko tbamb ifuckqii} h~i ticc hth~i ko pbi lyhlmi} nimhy}i pbiq h~i pbi kli} pbhp

hmpavicq ui~ok~f pbk}i u~kmi}}i} ihmb `hq, Tbil ifuckqii} oiic pbiq h~i tk~gald pb~kydb pbia~

jkn} al pbi fk}p iooimpavi thq pbiq glkt&&lkp }afucq tapb }kfi aìh} pbhp pbi yuui~&civic

fhlhdi~} pbalg h~i dkk` aìh} tapbkyp }iigald aluyp&&pbi nyq&al nimkfi} ivil }p~kldi~ hl` pbi

u~k`ympavapq badbi~ "Gaf# >55>!,


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mycpy~i pbi lii` ok~ cihì~} pk W~Vihmp pk m~apamhc almaìlp} hl` k~dhlazhpaklhc m~a}i} al thq} pbhp

}il` huu~ku~ahpi mycpy~hc fi}}hdi}, M~a}i} u~kvaì kuuk~pylapai} ok~ cihì~} pk ìfkl}p~hpi

ok~papyì# mkffapfilp pk k~dhlazhpaklhc fifni~}# hl` kpbi~ vhcyi},,, ">55=!,Tbil h

~ichpakl}bau cagi pba} a} ìvickui` hl` ckqhcpq padbpili`# h vi~q afuk~phlp pbald bhuuil}: pbi

ifuckqii phcg} hnkyp pbi k~dhlazhpakl h} h mh~ald klih}aì o~kf bhvald h fa}}akl pk tbamb h

ui~}kl mhl ~ichpi# h}aì o~kf bhvald dkhc} pbhp huu~ku~ahpicq h``~i}} pbi fa}}akl# h}aì o~kf

niald h uh~p ko pbi ìma}akl&fhgald u~kmi}}# pbi ifuckqii mhl oiic pbhp }bi mhl ~iu~i}ilp pbi

k~dhlazhpakl h} h }phl`&yu k~dhlazhpakl pbhp p~ycq mh~i} hl` ~i}uimp} pbi uikuci tbk tk~g pbi~i

hl` pbi uikuci pbiq }i~vi, Al hl k~dhlazhpakl al tbamb ifuckqii} bhvi ~idych~ mklphmp tapb

mcailp}# `klk~}# hl` pbi uyncam# pba} ~iu~i}ilphpakl a} alvhcyhnci al nyacàld hl afhdi ok~ pbi

mkffylapqhl afhdi pbhp a} lkp }afucq nyacp kl u~i}} ~icih}i}# nyp kli pbhp a} nyacp tapb byfhl

mklphmp,


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Alpid~hpakl+ Mklmcy}akl:

Pbi ~ihc tk~c` a} mkfucir hl` pbi ohmpk~} ì}m~ani` hnkvi "ilva~klfilp# }p~ympy~i#

}p~hpidq# cihì~}bau# hl` k~dhlazhpaklhc mycpy~i! mhl hooimp ihmb kpbi~, Pbi okccktald mbh~p tacc

ichnk~hpi kl pbi thq} al tbamb ihmb ohmpk~ iooimp} hl` a} hooimpi` nq kli kpbi~:

Ihmb k~dhlazhpakl bh} h àooi~ilp ìd~ii ko ìuilìlmi kl pbi irpi~lhc ilva~klfilp#

i}uimahccq kl pbi ~i}ky~mi} pbiq ~icq kl pk hmmkfuca}b pbia~ dkhc}, Al pafi} ko ylmi~phalpq#

~i}ky~mi hmxya}apakl mhl àooamycp# ~ixya~ald fhlhdi~} pk ni u~khmpavi hl` fhgi ìma}akl} pbhp

tacc h`hup pk pbi irpi~lhc ìfhl`}, H} }phpi` nq Mhfi~kl hl` Zhfypk# h mklàpakl ko d~h`yhc

~i}ky~mi} mypnhmg u~kvaì} pbi afuipy} ko h u~khmpavi fhlhdi~ahc hmpakl "812=!, Al pbi MON#

Ilva~klfilp Cihì~}bau

]p~hpidq

]p~ympy~i

K~dhlazhpaklhc

Mycpy~i


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ilva~klfilphc ohmpk~} mklp~anypi pk pbi cihì~}bau }pqci ko pbi nkh~` ko à~impk~} hl` pbi MIK#

Nacc Mh~lidai, Pbi nkh~`# tbamb ~iu~i}ilp} pbi }kypbi~l H~azklh mkffylapq# bh} pbi

~i}ukl}anacapq ko fhgald ìma}akl} pk oycoacc pbi lii`} ko pbi mkffylapq, îmilp ~i}ih~mb

}yuuk~p} pbi bqukpbi}a} pbhp nkh~` iooimpavili}} a} ~ichpi` pk pbi y}i ko mi~phal u~i}m~ani` nkh~`

u~hmpami}# hl` }kfi ~i}ih~mb hc}k }yuuk~p} pbi bqukpbi}a} pbhp nkh~` iooimpavili}} a} ~ichpi` pk

kvi~hcc lklu~koap k~dhlazhpaklhc iooimpavili}} "Bi~fhl hl` îlz# >550!, Pba} alàmhpi} pbi à~imp

~ichpakl}bau pbi nkh~` bh} tapb pbi ilva~klfilp, Hlq mbhldi al pbi ilva~klfilp à~impcq hooimp}

pbi ìma}akl} pbi nkh~` fhgi} al k~ì~ pk knphal pbi ~i}ky~mi} ~ixya~i` pk hmbaivi pbi MON dkhc},

Kl pbi kpbi~ bhl`# Mh~lidai} cihì~}bau }pqci a} alocyilmi` nq pbi hnacapq bi bh} pk

ylì~}phl` hl` h``~i}} mbhldi} al pbi ilva~klfilp, Bhvald h u~khmpavi cihì~ cagi Mh~lidai#

tbk a} mklpalyky}cq fhgald }p~hpidam ìma}akl}# a} bicuald pbi MON h`hup pk mbhldi} al pbi

ilva~klfilp, Ba} }p~hpidam mbkami}# }ymb h} i`ymhpald }kmaipq# h~i bicuald pbi MON i`ymhpi

uikuci kl bkt pk d~kt m~ku} tbamb# al pbi ckld# ~yl tacc ìm~ih}i pbi hfkylp ko byld~q uikuci,

Hc}k# Mh~lidai bh} ìmaì` pk alm~ih}i hcpi~lhpavi} }ymb h}: h`àpaklhc okk` `~avi}# alm~

Community Food Bank Organizational Analysis

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