Community Ecology: Structure, Species Interactions, Succession, and Sustainability

Community Ecology: Structure, Species Interactions, Succession, and Sustainability

Chapter 8Mrs Gullickson

Science

Chapter 8Mrs Gullickson

Science

Dr. Richard ClementsChattanooga State Technical Community CollegeDr. Richard ClementsChattanooga State Technical Community College

Community Structure: Appearance and Species DiversityCommunity Structure: Appearance and Species Diversity

Stratification

Species diversity

Species richness

Niche structure

Edge effects

Fig. 8-2p. 166

BiodiversityBiodiversity

LatitudeLatitude

DepthDepth

PollutionPollution

Theory of island biogeographyTheory of island biogeography

Fig. 8-3 p. 167Fig. 8-3 p. 167

Ants Birds

General Types of SpeciesGeneral Types of Species

NativeNative

Non-native (exotic or alien)Non-native (exotic or alien)

IndicatorIndicator

KeystoneKeystone

Species Interactions: CompetitionSpecies Interactions: Competition

Intraspecific competitionIntraspecific competition

Interspecific competitionInterspecific competition

Interference competitionInterference competition

Exploitation competitionExploitation competition

Competitive exclusion principleCompetitive exclusion principle

Resource partitioningResource partitioning

Resource PartitioningResource Partitioning

Fig. 8-9 p. 175; Refer to Fig. 7-13 p. 152 & Fig. 8-10 p. 175Fig. 8-9 p. 175; Refer to Fig. 7-13 p. 152 & Fig. 8-10 p. 175

Species Interactions: PredationSpecies Interactions: Predation

PredatorPredator

PreyPrey

Prey acquisitionPrey acquisition

Predator AvoidancePredator AvoidanceRefer to Fig. 8-11 p. 177Refer to Fig. 8-11 p. 177

Symbiotic Species Interactions: Parasitism Symbiotic Species Interactions: Parasitism

ParasiteParasite

HostHost

EndoparasitesEndoparasites

EctoparasitesEctoparasites

Symbiotic Species Interactions: MutualismSymbiotic Species Interactions: Mutualism

Reproductive mutualism: pollinationReproductive mutualism: pollination

Nutritional mutualism Nutritional mutualism

Nutritional/protection mutualismNutritional/protection mutualism

Fig. 8-12 p. 179Fig. 8-12 p. 179

Symbiotic Species Interactions: CommensalismSymbiotic Species Interactions: Commensalism

Indirect: i.e., small plants growing in shade of larger plants

Indirect: i.e., small plants growing in shade of larger plants

Direct: i.e., epiphytes, remoras

Direct: i.e., epiphytes, remoras

Fig. 8-13 p. 180Fig. 8-13 p. 180

Ecological Succession: Communities in TransitionEcological Succession: Communities in Transition

Primary successionPrimary succession

Secondary successionSecondary succession

Pioneer speciesPioneer species

Successional speciesSuccessional species

Primary SuccessionPrimary Succession

Fig. 8-14 p. 180

Secondary SuccessionSecondary Succession

Fig. 8-15 p. 181

Succession and WildlifeSuccession and Wildlife

Fig. 8-16 p. 182Fig. 8-16 p. 182

Ecological Stability and SustainabilityEcological Stability and Sustainability

Refer to Table 8-2 p. 193Refer to Table 8-2 p. 193

DisturbanceDisturbance

Climax communityClimax community

InertiaInertia

ConstancyConstancy

ResilienceResilience

Precautionary principlePrecautionary principle