Community-Based Care in Mental Health Nursing

8/14/2019 Community-Based Care in Mental Health Nursing

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Community-BasedCommunity-BasedCare in MentalCare in Mental

Health NursingHealth Nursing

Hazel May N. Evangelista, RNHazel May N. Evangelista, RN


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In the USAIn the USA


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Subacute CareSubacute Care

- when inpatient hospitalization is not- when inpatient hospitalization is notneededneeded

- less expensive and less intensive- less expensive and less intensive

24-hours supervision24-hours supervision- allows individual autonomy and- allows individual autonomy and

independenceindependence

OUTPATIENT SERVICESOUTPATIENT SERVICES


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OUTPATIENT SERVICESOUTPATIENT SERVICES

Outpatient programsOutpatient programs- traditionally, occurs in mental- traditionally, occurs in mentalhealth clinics and private officeshealth clinics and private offices

- number of visits varies according to- number of visits varies according tothe individuals needsthe individuals needs

- assessment of needs is made to- assessment of needs is made todetermine if intense or different typedetermine if intense or different typeof service is neededof service is needed


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PSYCHIATRIC HOMEPSYCHIATRIC HOME

CARECARE- available for homebound clients- available for homebound clients

whose disabilities or illness inhibitswhose disabilities or illness inhibits

them from leaving their homethem from leaving their home- often serves individuals with severe- often serves individuals with severe

and persistent mental illnesses andand persistent mental illnesses and

those with a combination ofthose with a combination ofpsychiatric and medical illnesspsychiatric and medical illness


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COMMUNITY OUTREACHCOMMUNITY OUTREACH

PROGRAMSPROGRAMS- developed to reach out individuals- developed to reach out individuals

in the rural areas, homeless orin the rural areas, homeless or

transient groupstransient groupswho lack traditional medical andwho lack traditional medical and

social servicessocial services


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RESIDENTIAL SERVICESRESIDENTIAL SERVICES

- provided to individuals who need- provided to individuals who need

temporary or long-term housingtemporary or long-term housing

- length of stay: 3 to 6 months or- length of stay: 3 to 6 months orlongerlonger


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Extended care facilitiesExtended care facilities(Nursing(Nursing

homes)homes)

- for individuals with severe- for individuals with severedevelopmental disabilities, dementia,developmental disabilities, dementia,

or acute and chronic medicalor acute and chronic medical

illnessesillnesses


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Apartment livingApartment living

- provide varying degrees of- provide varying degrees of

supervision and programmingsupervision and programming

- staff may be on site on a daily basis- staff may be on site on a daily basis

offering groups and activities, oroffering groups and activities, or

periodically to ensure medicationperiodically to ensure medicationcompliancecompliance


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Group HomesGroup Homes( Halfway homes)( Halfway homes)

- may provide temporary or- may provide temporary or

permanent housing for individualspermanent housing for individualswith chronic mental disorders.with chronic mental disorders.

- some provide group therapy and- some provide group therapy and

structured activities, while others juststructured activities, while others justmeals, a bed or laundry facilitiesmeals, a bed or laundry facilities


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Foster care and boarding homesFoster care and boarding homes

- are generally staffed by- are generally staffed by

nonprofessionals but withnonprofessionals but withprofessional supervision offered onprofessional supervision offered on

an outpatient basisan outpatient basis

- shelters for the homeless- shelters for the homeless

- services for specific populations- services for specific populations


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SELF-HELP GROUPSSELF-HELP GROUPS

Addiction basedAddiction based Alcoholics AnonymousAlcoholics Anonymous

Survivor basedSurvivor based Incest Survivors AnonymousIncest Survivors Anonymous

Disorder basedDisorder based National Alliance for theNational Alliance for theMentally IllMentally Ill

Loss basedLoss based Grief, divorce, bereavementGrief, divorce, bereavement

support groupsupport group

Medically basedMedically based AIDS support groupAIDS support group Prevention basedPrevention based Parenting, tough loveParenting, tough love

supportsupport groupsgroups


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Here in theHere in the

PhilippinesPhilippines


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Mental Health ProgramsMental Health Programs

GOALS:GOALS: Promotion of mental healthPromotion of mental health

Decrease health-related effects ofDecrease health-related effects of

stressful lifestylestressful lifestyle Reduction of prevalence of mental illReduction of prevalence of mental ill

health and disorders in thehealth and disorders in the

PhilippinesPhilippines


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National ObjectivesNational Objectives

Health StatusHealth Status

- reduce by- reduce by

1%1% ; prevalence; prevalence

- reduce by- reduce by 5%5% ; target: workforce; target: workforce


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Risk ReductionRisk Reduction

INCREASEINCREASE

proportion of high riskproportion of high risk

individualsindividuals

proportion of members ofproportion of members ofthe workforcethe workforce

proportion of childrenproportion of children


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Services and ProgramsServices and Programs

- establish new and upgrade existing- establish new and upgrade existing

mental health facilitiesmental health facilities- upgrade existing competencies on- upgrade existing competencies onmental health, for mental professionalsmental health, for mental professionalsand health care providersand health care providers



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- increase the percentage of health- increase the percentage of healthfacilities, workplace and communitiesfacilities, workplace and communities

that provide mental health servicesthat provide mental health services- develop self-help and family care- develop self-help and family careprogramsprograms

- increase the capability of health- increase the capability of healthfacilities for psychosocial assessmentfacilities for psychosocial assessmentand screening of mental disordersand screening of mental disorders



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Nursing Responsibilities andNursing Responsibilities and

FunctionsFunctions In Mental Health PromotionIn Mental Health Promotion

- Participate in the promotion of- Participate in the promotion of

mental healthmental health- Utilize opportunities- Utilize opportunities

- Help people in the community- Help people in the community

- Teach parents the importance of- Teach parents the importance ofproviding emotional support to theirproviding emotional support to theirchildrenchildren


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In Prevention and ControlIn Prevention and Control

- Recognize mental health hazards- Recognize mental health hazards

and stress situationsand stress situations

- Recognize pathological deviations- Recognize pathological deviations

from normalfrom normal

- Be aware of the potential causes of- Be aware of the potential causes of

breakdownbreakdown


FunctionsFunctions


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- Help the family to understand and- Help the family to understand and

accept the patients health statusaccept the patients health status

and behaviorand behavior- Impart information and guidance- Impart information and guidance

about the treatment scheme of theabout the treatment scheme of the

patientspatients


FunctionsFunctions


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RehabilitationRehabilitation

- Initiate patient participation in- Initiate patient participation in

occupational activitiesoccupational activities- Encourage and initiate patients to- Encourage and initiate patients topartake in activitiespartake in activities

- Advise the family about the importance- Advise the family about the importance

of regular follow-up at the clinicof regular follow-up at the clinic- Make regular home visits- Make regular home visits


FunctionsFunctions


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In Research and EpidemiologyIn Research and Epidemiology

- Participate actively in- Participate actively in

epidemiological survey to be awareepidemiological survey to be awareof the size and extent of mentalof the size and extent of mental

health problems of the communityhealth problems of the community

and organize a program for betterand organize a program for betterpreventive, curative andpreventive, curative and

rehabilitative measuresrehabilitative measures


FunctionsFunctions


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THANK YOU FORTHANK YOU FOR

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Community-Based Care in Mental Health Nursing

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