Communism in ChinaChina’s Reform and Reaction

Young Keezy and Jay Daddy Ice

Civil war raging in China between Nationalists and Communists.

Political Opponents temporarily united to fight Japanese during invasion of 1937

• Communist Leader in China

• Communists had a stronghold in NW China. From there they mobilized for guerrilla warfare against Japan in the NE

Nationalist Leader in China Dominated SW China Instead of spending money from U.S. on

war with Japanese, the Nationalist army hid in the mountains.

Saved up for continuation of war against the Communists.

After Japan surrendered, Civil war resumed (1946-1949)

Many Nationalists joined the communists due to the economy.

Chinese cities fall to communism. Remains of Jiang’s army fell to the south. In October of 1949, Mao Zedong gained control of

China

The communist Chinese sided with soviets

Formed alliance and agreed to give each other military and financial aid if needed

U.S. gave aid to recently formed nationalist Republic of China

• 4.5 million members made up 1% of China’s overall population• 10% of rural population controlled 70% of

farmland• Agrarian Law- Mao seized land from land lords• Killed over a million landlords and divided

land among peasants.

Lead by the Red Guards Militia formed by high school and

college students Goal was to establish communist

society of peasants and workers Red Guards shut down schools

and targeted anyone who resisted Chaos threatened the economy

but shutting down farms and Factories

In 1968, Mao ordered his army to shut down the Red Gaurds.

China: reform and Reaction(35.5)

Legacy of Mao

• Do to the lack of modern technology Chinese efforts to increase agriculture and industrial output fell behind

• Some communists talked about modernizing the economy but it never happened

• In the 1970’2 china entered a period under the rule of Zhou Enlai who tried to restrain radicals during the Cultural Revolution

China Opens its Doors

• Ping pongers from America visited China in 1971

• This visit began a new era for Chinese/ American relations

• President Nixon then visited with Mao and Zhou and established diplomatic relations.

Economic Reform• Both Mao and Zhou died in 1976• Shortly afterward, the communist party modernized• In 1980, Deng Xiaoping took power and supported

modernizing of China• Set goals for modernizations known as the four

modernizations• Called for progress in agriculture, industry, defense, and

science• Deng’s economic policies made striking changes in Chinese

life and uh reformed the economy.

Tiananmen Square• As living standards improved, the gap

between the rich and poor widened

• The Chinese people learned more about democracy and began to question china’s lack of political freedom.

• In 1989 more than 10,000 students occupied the Tiananmen Square in protest for democracy.

• 1989 thousands of heavily armed soldiers attacked protestors• Killed hundreds and wounded thousands

The New Millennium

• Deng died in 1997, Jiang Zemin takes over

• Repression of democracy continued

• Hey what’s up?

• Jaing zemin paid a visit to the U.S. and americans protested for more democracy in China.• Policies did not change.

• Hong Kong: British colony until 1997

The End Meow