Communications Systems for Vehicle Infrastructure Integration and Corresponding Applications June 5,...

Communications Systems for Vehicle Infrastructure Integration and Corresponding Applications

June 5, 2007

ITS America Annual MeetingProgram Session 23

Presented by

Justin [email protected]+1.760.438.5115 x175

http://www.technocom-wireless.com/mobility_solutions.html

mailto:[email protected]

June 5, 2007 ITS America Annual Meeting

Agenda

• Introduction

• Enhanced safety through VII

• Wireless system requirements for safety applications

• How 5.9 GHz DSRC supports cooperative safety systems and VII

• Non-Safety applications

• Standards


Introduction• Wireless communications has and continues to

enable a wide variety of transportation safety applications

• Further proliferation of wireless interfaces will lead to the development of enhanced cooperative safety systems

• In the United States, the US DOT, State DOTs and industry stakeholders are developing Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (VII) applications to support cooperative vehicle safety and traffic mobility


Current and Future Cooperative Safety• Existing cooperative safety systems focus on

what vehicles can do without data input from infrastructure or other vehicles– E.g. Airbags, radar-based applications– Passive safety (after the fact)

• VII systems will take advantage of wireless communications to facilitate the use of data available from intersections or other vehicles– Active safety, e.g. Cooperative intersection

(infrastructure-assisted) collision avoidance– Often requires precise location (GPS and/or Galileo-

based)


Enhancing Safety Through VII• Vehicle-Infrastructure communications enables

information-rich safety applications (e.g. using status information from intersection traffic signals)

• Vehicle-vehicle communications enables safety applications in the absence of a roadway communications infrastructure (e.g. brake lights)

*Figure courtesy of DaimlerChrysler REDNA


Representative VII Safety Applications and Positioning Requirements

*Table: GPS World October 2006/ DaimlerChrysler REDNA


Wireless Technology Survey• Cellular/WAN

– Charges based on minutes of use• WiMAX/MAN

– Not designed to provide QoS specific to vehicle safety• Traditional WiFi

– Unlicensed band competition from traditional hotspots• Bluetooth/UWB

– Limited range• 900 MHz and 5.8 GHz DSRC

– Capacity limited• Satellite

– Line-of sight limitations

• 5.9 GHz DSRC…


What is 5.9 GHz DSRC?• 5.9 GHz DSRC is a secure wireless interface

used to support cooperative safety and other VII applications– High speed, short range wireless interface between

vehicles and surface transportation infrastructure• Enables the rapid communication of vehicle data and other

content between On Board Equipment (OBE) and Road Side Equipment (RSE)

• Supports both inter-vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure communications

– Operates in a licensed frequency band in the US• FCC Report & Order – Feb. 2004 (75 MHz of spectrum)

– Based on IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 1609 in the US


Wireless Requirements for Advanced Cooperative Safety and VII

• Fast Network Acquisition• Low Latency• High Reliability• Priority for Safety Applications• Interoperability• Security

5.9 GHz DSRC meets all of these requirements


Network Acquisition• Collision Avoidance Applications Require the

Rapid Initialization of a Communications Network– Short-range vehicular communications are very

transient due to the mobile nature of the environment– Most existing protocols require a significant amount of

time to “acquire the network”• E.g. Cellular/WAN and traditional 802.11 wireless LANs can

take up to ten seconds or more– 5.9 GHz DSRC protocols are streamlined to provide

nearly immediate acquisition of DSRC communications

• Network acquisition in less that one-tenth of a second (100 milliseconds)


Latency and Reliability• Transactions must be completed quickly

– Vehicles may be within range of other vehicles or RSE for a very short time

• Transactions are time critical and must complete in the shortest amount of time possible (on the order of 100 milliseconds)

– 5.9 GHz DSRC provides broadband data rates and optimized channel access for the vehicular environment

• Licensed spectrum provides protection not available in unlicensed bands– Spectral crowding and interference can be prevented through

licensing and frequency coordination to increase reliability– Almost exclusive access to the 5.9 GHz band by safety

applications


Priority and Interoperability

• Cooperative safety applications require prioritization of services– 5.9 GHz DSRC protocols allow for preferential

treatment of safety applications through specific quality of service mechanisms

• Interoperability– Desire to apply safety and other transportation

applications in a common manner across different states, public safety organizations, vehicle makes & models, and content providers

• Use of standardized 5.9 GHz DSRC is a significant factor in the deployment of interoperable systems and applications


Security

• Wireless interfaces that enable VII applications must be secured/tamper proof– 5.9 GHz DSRC uses ECC for signing,

encrypting and authenticating messages


Non-Time Critical Non-Safety and Applications

• Probe data, map downloads, payment systems (other than electronic tolling)– 5.9 GHz DSRC and VII can be used in conjunction

with several other types of wireless interfaces and networks to support navigation and other traffic management and infotainment applications

• Less time-critical applications can use 5.9 GHz DSRC when it is available to provide maximum performance

– 5.9 GHz DSRC will not provide ubiquitous service coverage

– When 5.9 GHz DSRC is available it provides a high-performance alternative to other networks without the complex subscriber management


5.9 GHz DSRC Standards• IEEE 1609.1: WAVE Resource Manager

– Defines Resource Manager Application• Based on legacy electronic toll collection systems

• IEEE 1609.2: 5.9 GHz Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Radio Service Security – Defines 5.9 GHz DSRC Security (formerly IEEE 1556)

• Anonymity, Authenticity and Confidentiality

• IEEE 1609.3: WAVE Networking Services– Provides description and management of the DSRC

Protocol Stack• Application interfaces• Network configuration management• WAVE Short Message (WSM) transmission and reception


5.9 GHz DSRC Standards (cont’d)• IEEE 1609.4: WAVE Multi-Channel Operation

– Provides DSRC frequency band coordination and management

• Manages Lower Layer usage of the seven DSRC channels• Integrates tightly with IEEE 802.11p

• IEEE 802.11p: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications: Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) – Defines the Lower Layers of the communications

stack• Radio wave forms and wireless medium access procedures


5.9 GHz DSRC Standards Status

• IEEE 1609 Standards are published for Trial Use– Subsequent revisions will be made based on results of

proof of concept testing and other findings– 1609.0 is being formed to address overall architecture

• IEEE 802.11p is also progressing– Subject to the broader approval and rules of the IEEE

LAN/MAN subcommittee– Recent ballot (early this month) yielded 66% approval

• Getting closer• 75% required to pass


VII/5.9 GHz DSRC Products• Standards compliant infrastructure (RSE) installations in

five or more states by the end of 2007 to support various state/local and federal projects

• Solutions being provided for several company research test beds

• Vehicular systems being integrated by Auto OEMs – DSRC radios, firmware and software now available


Thank You !

Communications Systems for Vehicle Infrastructure Integration and Corresponding Applications June 5,...

Documents

Transcript of Communications Systems for Vehicle Infrastructure Integration and Corresponding Applications June 5,...