Communication Theory

November 2011,Alex Righolt

Introduction

This very short presentation introduces:

Special words used in Communication theory.

Parts of communication.Types of communication.

Definition of “Communication”.

Communication is the activity of exchanging meaningful information and ideas.

Communication is the key factor in the success of any organization.

Elements

Communication requires a Source, a Channel, a Message, and a Receiver

Elements

An information source, which produces a message. A channel, to which signals are adapted for transmission. A message, that contains the information or idea. A receiver, which reconstructs the message from the signal.

Elements

Also used are: Sender instead of Source.Medium for Channel.

Timing and Place

Sending and receiving may happen at the same time and place.

They may also happen at different times and places.

The communication process is complete once the receiver has understood the message of the sender.

Types of communication

Types of communication are:Oral WrittenNon-verbal

Types of communication

Oral communication is spoken communication.

Examples: discussion, speeches, presentations, interpersonal communication.

Types of communication

Written communication is an exchange of information in the form of written text

Examples: letters, email.

Types of communication

Nonverbal communication is an exchange of information in the form of non-word messages.

The majority of our communication is non verbal, also known as body language.

Examples: gesture, body language or posture; facial expression and eye contact, object communication such as clothing, hairstyles, and tone of voice.

Communication problems and solutions

The sender is unclear The medium distorts the message The message is unclear The receiver doesn’t pay attention … and many others

Communication problems and solutions

The sender should: Understand the information needs of the

receiver. Understand the cultural background, gender

and other individual characteristics of the receiver.

Understand the Receiver’s Knowledge of the Subject.

Use clear language, use understandable words.

Communication problems and solutions

The medium should: Pass on the message without changing it. Be available when needed

Communication problems and solutions

The message should: Contain everything needed so that the receiver

understands what the sender meant Contain redundancy. When part of the

message is distorted or missing, extra information keeps the message clear.

Communication problems and solutions

The receiver should: Be available and alert. Confirm receiving the message, or parts of the

message. Give feedback to improve quality of the

communication.

Communication Theory

The end