communication for individuals in an organization.
Transcript of communication for individuals in an organization.
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
1/47
Submitted to:
Dr. Jay Badiyani
Submitted by:
Rushiraj ChudasamaNeelam Tejabwala
Chetna Tulsani
COMMUNICATION FOR INDIVIDUAL
IN
ORGANISATION
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
2/47
Concept of communication
Effective and Public speaking
Types of communication
Non verbal communication
Interpersonal process in Communication
Communication network
References
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
3/47
Derived from Latin word communiswhich means common.
Process by which people seek to sharemeaning via the transmission of symbolic
messages
According to Newstrom and David,Communication is the transfer ofinformation from one person to anotherperson. It is a way of reaching others by
transmitting ideas, facts, thoughts,
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
4/47
ContThree aspects in communication-
3)Transmission of ideas, feelings, information,etc.
4)Two parties are involved.
5)Element of understanding in communication.
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
5/47
Effective and Public speakingMaking formal speeches
The Most difficult kind of communication
Most of us feel uncomfortable speakingbefore others.
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
6/47
ContSelection of the topic
Assigned or not assigned
Gather the information
Organizing your speechIntroduction of the speech
The techniques of attracting interest
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
7/47
Determination ofPresentationThree types of presentation
1) Extemporaneous presentation
2) Memorized presentation3) Reading
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
8/47
Consideration of personalaspectsPrimarily need is to analyze yourselfWhile speaking, speaker is a part of
message.
Summary of Four characteristics are mainlyuseful.
1) CONFIDENCE
2) SINCERITY3) THOROUGHNESS
4) FRIENDLINESS
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
9/47
Audience analysisPreliminary analysisAnalysis during presentationAppearance and bodily actionsThe communication environment
Personal appearance:1) POSTURE
2) WALKING3) FACIAL EXPRESSION4) GESTURES
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
10/47
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
11/47
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
12/47
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
13/47
Use of VoiceGood voice is an obvious requirement of
good speaking.
There are four areas of fault where voicescause detract attention from the message.
1) Lack of pitch variation
2) Lack of variation in speaking speed
3) Lack of emphasis by variation in volume4) Unpleasant voice quality
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
14/47
Use of Visual aidsSpeeches need strong visual support like
charts, tables, films and such.
Proper use of design
Forms to consider
Techniques for using visual aids
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
15/47
Summary of speakingpracticesOrganize the speechMove surely and quickly to the conclusionUse language adapted to the audienceAvoid mumbling and articulate clearly with
proper emphasisSpeak correctlyMaintain an attitude of alertnessEmploy body language to best advantageAvoid stiff body actionsLook your listeners in the eyeAvoid signs of nervousness
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
16/47
ContPunctuate the presentation with reference
to visual aids
Dont loose the temper in unfair opposition
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
17/47
Types of communication
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
18/47
1. Oral communication
Merits
iv. Easy communication
v. Effective
vi. Instant feedback
vii. Facility for informal communication
Demeritsix. Lack of proof
x. Lack of authenticity
xi. Time consuming
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
19/47
Meritsii.Authenticity
iii.Proof for future reference
iv.Communication to distant places
Demerits
vii.Costly
viii.Overemphasis on formalisationix.Lack of secrecy
2) Written communication
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
20/47
NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION
MEANING: By nonverbal communication wemean all communication that involves neitherwritten nor spoken words, but occurs withoutthe use of words.
Nonverbal communication can be consciouslycreated and used in written and oralcommunication.
Sometimes we communicate unconsciously, wedont mean to raise our eyebrow or blush, theseactions come naturally.
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
21/47
USE OF NONVERBAL METHODS
Nonverbal methods are extremely usefulin:
Traffic signals
Aid to verbal communicationHelp to present, compare and draw
conclusions
Human beings respond more powerfully topictures, colours and sounds than to language
For illiterate people
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
22/47
CLASSIFICATION OF NONVERBALCOMMUNICATION
KINESICS
OCULESICS
PROXEMICS
APPEARANCE
PARALANGUAGE
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
23/47
KINESICS
MEANING: It is the study of the bodys
physical movements.
Outward body reflects true inner conditionsand provide further clarity and meaning towhat we say.
It includes:
FACIAL EXPRESSIONSGESTURES
POSTURES
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
24/47
FACIAL EXPRESSIONS
Expressions such as raising or loweringeyebrows, clenching the jaws, yawning, smilingmakes ones behavior more predictable andunderstanding to others.
There are five basic physical descriptions of facialexpressions
NEUTRAL: pleasure, respect, thoughtfulness,
attention etcRELAXED: love, pleasure, submission etc
TENSED: fear, surprise, determination, extremeinterest etc
UPLIFTED: happiness, anxiety, rage,
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
25/47
POSTURESIt is the way we hold ourselves
Postures generally communicate attention,feelings, relative status, involvement anddegree to which a person is liked
Closed postures and open postures
List of some postures and message theyconvey
WILLINGNESS TO LISTENUNCROSSEDARMS
DEFENSIVECROSSED ARMS
DISINTERESTLEAN AWAY
OPENESS AND INTERESTLEAN FORWARD
HIGH SPIRT,ENERGY,CONFIDENCE
ERECT POSTURE
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
26/47
GESTURESMEANING: Gestures are movement of hands
or head
GESTURES IN FORMAL OCCATION
GESTURES IN RELAXED SITUATION
SOME OF HAND GESTURES
RUBBING THE HANDS TOGETHERI AM FEELINGCOLD
MAKING CIRCULAR MOTION OVERSTOMACH WITH HAND
I AM FULL
PATTING THE STOMACH WITH
HANDS
I AM HUNGRY
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
27/47
OCULESICS
MEANING: It is the way eyes are used during a
communication exchange
Eyes communicate a wide range of meaningthey tell whether you are listening, where your
attention is focused and even how you feelabout what he/she is saying
Good eye contact
From receiver's perspective
From speakers perspective
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
28/47
PROXEMICSMEANING: It is the study of how we
communicate with space around us
The distance we keep with other persons whilespeaking, indicates the relationship with them
For e.g. in a group, observe how close are all theother people to each other also notice that if youmove closer to someone and they back away,you are probably in their personal space youshould pull back a little
Thus by becoming aware of clues of distance,you can learn much about the people you come
in contact with
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
29/47
APPEARANCE
Personal appearance is a major factor used tojudge a person simply because the firstimpression of person is based on appearance
Other factors that contribute to appearanceare good personal hygiene, neatness, care ofskin and nails etc
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
30/47
PARALANGUAGEThe voice is extraordinary human instrument
.It involves those hints and signals in a personsvoice that give us message.
In paralanguage we examine sound of
someones speech, it is fast or slow? It is highpitched or low? It is loud and forceful or barelyaudible? It is smooth or disjointed?
It also includes voice inflection
Thus every time we speak our voice revealsour gender, age, background, level ofeducation, native, emotional state and ourrelation with the person being spoken to.
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
31/47
SUMMARY
The field of Nonverbal communication hasgrown rapidly over the last few decades andhas its application in Business, Media,Education, International Relations and other
such fields.
It is quite powerful and primarily expresses
your attitude and plays a significant role in allcommunication activities of an organization.
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
32/47
Interpersonal process incommunication
Working definition of communication callsattention to three essential points:
1) Communication involves people and thatunderstanding communication thereforeinvolves trying to understand how peoplerelate to each other.
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
33/47
Cont
2) Communication involves sharedmeaning which suggests that in order forpeople to communicate, they must agree
on the definitions of the terms they areusing.
3) Communication symbolic-gestures,sounds, letters, numbers and words canonly represent or approximate the ideasthat they are meant to communicate.
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
34/47
Cont
Interpersonal communication mainlyinvolves three parts:
1) Essential elements of the communicationprocess
2) A workable model of the communication
process3) One way & Two way communication
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
35/47
Essential elements
John kotter has defined communication asa process consisting of A sendertransmitting a message through media to areceiver who responds.
In its simplest form, this model can beschematized as follows:
SENDER MESSAGE RECEIVER
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
36/47
sender message encoding channel receiver decoding message
A WORKABLE MODEL OF
One way & Two way
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
37/47
One way & Two waycommunication
Management is two way traffic, it isbased on an effective machinery ofcommunication.
It is better than one way communication
4.More accurate and precise.
5.Higher self confidence of the receiver.
Examples of two way communication.
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
38/47
Formal channel
Informal channel
Differences between formal and informalcommunication
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
39/47
FORMAL CHANNELFormal channels are officially prescribed
path for the flow of communicationbetween various levels in organisations
On the basis of single or multiplechain,different communication networkare designed.
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
40/47
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
41/47
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
42/47
Also known as GRAPEVINE INFORMAL CHANNEL is method by which
people carry on social activities within formalboundaries of the system
Grapevine is highly active under 4 conditions There are 4 types of network through which
grapevine travels
INFORMAL CHANNEL
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
43/47
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
44/47
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
45/47
SUMMARY
Wise men talk because they have something tosay; fools, because they have to saysomething.
Words are, of course, the most powerful drug
used by mankind.Communication works for those who
work at it.
When all other means of communication
fail, try words
Good communication is as stimulating as black
http://thinkexist.com/quotation/good_communication_is_as_stimulating_as_black/8594.htmlhttp://thinkexist.com/quotation/good_communication_is_as_stimulating_as_black/8594.html -
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
46/47
References
oBusiness communication(8th edition)By: Urmila Rai & S.M. Rai
oBusiness communication today(4th edition)
By: Courtland L. Bovee & John V. Thill
oCommunication today
By: Reuben Ray
-
8/14/2019 communication for individuals in an organization.
47/47