Communication and Networking Services Networking Services.

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Communication and Communication and Networking Networking Services Services

Transcript of Communication and Networking Services Networking Services.

Page 1: Communication and Networking Services Networking Services.

Communication and Communication and

Networking ServicesNetworking Services

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ObjectivesObjectives

List advantages of networked computing List advantages of networked computing relative to standalone computingrelative to standalone computing

Identify elements of a networkIdentify elements of a network

Describe several specific uses of a Describe several specific uses of a networknetwork

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ObjectivesObjectives

Distinguish between client/server and Distinguish between client/server and peer-to-peer networkspeer-to-peer networks

Identify some of the certifications available Identify some of the certifications available to networking professionalsto networking professionals

Identify kinds of non-technical, or “soft,” Identify kinds of non-technical, or “soft,” skills to help in succeeding as a skills to help in succeeding as a networking professionalnetworking professional

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Networks and Standalone Networks and Standalone ComputersComputers

NetworkNetwork Group of computers and other devices Group of computers and other devices

connected by some type of transmission mediaconnected by some type of transmission media Networks enable users to share devices and Networks enable users to share devices and

data, collectively called a network’s data, collectively called a network’s resourcesresources

Standalone computerStandalone computer Uses programs and data only from its local Uses programs and data only from its local

disks and is not connected to a networkdisks and is not connected to a network

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SneakernetSneakernet

Method of sharing data by copying it to a disk Method of sharing data by copying it to a disk and carrying the disk from computer to computerand carrying the disk from computer to computer

Figure 1-1: Data sharing before the advent of networks

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Local and Remote ComputersLocal and Remote Computers

Local computerLocal computer Computer on which user is workingComputer on which user is working

Remote computerRemote computer Computer that user controls or works on via Computer that user controls or works on via

network connectionnetwork connection

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Peer-to-Peer NetworkPeer-to-Peer Network

Computers communicate on single segment of cable and Computers communicate on single segment of cable and share each other’s data and devicesshare each other’s data and devicesSimple example of a local area network (LAN)Simple example of a local area network (LAN)

Figure 1-2: Simple peer-to-peer network

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Local Area Network (LAN)Local Area Network (LAN)

Network of computers and other devices Network of computers and other devices confined to relatively small spaceconfined to relatively small space

LANs involving many computers are LANs involving many computers are usually server-basedusually server-based On a On a server-based networkserver-based network, special , special

computers (known as computers (known as serversservers) process data ) process data for and facilitate communication between for and facilitate communication between other computers on the network (known as other computers on the network (known as clientsclients))

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Networking BasicsNetworking Basics

WorkstationWorkstation Computer that typically runs a desktop Computer that typically runs a desktop

operating system and connects to a operating system and connects to a networknetwork

Client/server architectureClient/server architecture Networking model in which clients use Networking model in which clients use

central server to share applications, central server to share applications, devices, and datadevices, and data

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Networking BasicsNetworking Basics

Client/server networkClient/server network Network based on client/server architectureNetwork based on client/server architecture

Network operating systemNetwork operating system Special software designed to manage data Special software designed to manage data

and other resources on a server for a number and other resources on a server for a number of clientsof clients

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Networking BasicsNetworking Basics

Figure 1-3: LAN with a file

server

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Networking BasicsNetworking Basics

Figure 1-4: An example of a complex

network

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Advantages of Server-Based Advantages of Server-Based over Peer-to-Peer Networksover Peer-to-Peer Networks

User login accounts and passwords can be User login accounts and passwords can be assigned in one placeassigned in one place

Access to multiple shared resources can be Access to multiple shared resources can be centrally grantedcentrally granted

Servers are optimized to handle heavy Servers are optimized to handle heavy processing loads and dedicated to handling processing loads and dedicated to handling requests from clientsrequests from clients

Servers can connect more than a handful of Servers can connect more than a handful of computerscomputers

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MANs and WANsMANs and WANs

Metropolitan area network (MAN)Metropolitan area network (MAN) Network connecting clients and servers in Network connecting clients and servers in

multiple buildings within limited geographic multiple buildings within limited geographic areaarea

Wide area network (WAN)Wide area network (WAN) Network that spans large distance and Network that spans large distance and

connects two or more LANsconnects two or more LANs The The InternetInternet is an example of a very intricate is an example of a very intricate

and extensive WAN that spans the globeand extensive WAN that spans the globe

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WANWAN

Figure 1-5: A simple

WAN

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Elements Common to AllElements Common to AllServer-Based NetworksServer-Based Networks

ClientClient In addition to referring to a computer on the In addition to referring to a computer on the

network, may also refers to human network, may also refers to human useruser of of client workstationclient workstation

ServerServerWorkstationWorkstationNetwork interface card (NIC)Network interface card (NIC) Enables workstation to connect to the network Enables workstation to connect to the network

and communicate with other computersand communicate with other computers

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Elements Common to AllElements Common to AllServer-Based NetworksServer-Based Networks

Figure 1-6: A network interface

card (NIC)

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Network operating system (NOS)Network operating system (NOS)

HostHost Server that manages shared resourcesServer that manages shared resources

NodeNode Client, server, or other device that can Client, server, or other device that can

communicate over a network and that is communicate over a network and that is identified by a unique identifying number, identified by a unique identifying number, known as its network addressknown as its network address

Elements Common to AllElements Common to AllServer-Based NetworksServer-Based Networks

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Elements Common to AllElements Common to AllServer-Based NetworksServer-Based Networks

TopologyTopology Physical Physical

layout of layout of computer computer networknetwork

Figure 1-7: Commonly used network topologies

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Elements Common to AllElements Common to AllServer-Based NetworksServer-Based Networks

ProtocolProtocol Rules network uses to transfer dataRules network uses to transfer data

Data PacketsData Packets The distinct units of data transmitted from one The distinct units of data transmitted from one

computer to another on a networkcomputer to another on a network

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Elements Common to AllElements Common to AllServer-Based NetworksServer-Based Networks

AddressingAddressing Scheme for assigning unique identifying Scheme for assigning unique identifying

number to every workstation on networknumber to every workstation on network The number that uniquely identifies each The number that uniquely identifies each

workstation and device on a network is its workstation and device on a network is its addressaddress

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Elements Common to AllElements Common to AllServer-Based NetworksServer-Based Networks

Transmission Transmission mediamedia Means Means

through through which data which data are are transmitted transmitted and receivedand received

Figure 1-8: Examples of network transmission media

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How Networks Are UsedHow Networks Are Used

ServicesServices Features provided by a networkFeatures provided by a network

File and print servicesFile and print services

Communications servicesCommunications services

Mail servicesMail services

Internet servicesInternet services

Management servicesManagement services

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Network ServicesNetwork Services

File servicesFile services Refers to capability of a server to share data Refers to capability of a server to share data

files, applications, and disk storage spacefiles, applications, and disk storage space Server that provides file services is called a Server that provides file services is called a

file serverfile server

Print servicesPrint services Allows printers to be shared by several users Allows printers to be shared by several users

on a networkon a network

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Network ServicesNetwork Services

Communications servicesCommunications services Allow remote users to connect to a networkAllow remote users to connect to a network

Remote userRemote user Person working on a computer in a different Person working on a computer in a different

geographical location from the LAN’s servergeographical location from the LAN’s server

Communications serverCommunications serverServer that runs communications servicesServer that runs communications services

Also referred to as Also referred to as access serversaccess servers and and remote remote access serversaccess servers

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Network ServicesNetwork Services

Mail servicesMail services Coordinate storage and transfer of e-mail Coordinate storage and transfer of e-mail

between users on a networkbetween users on a networkGatewayGateway

Combination of software and hardware enabling two Combination of software and hardware enabling two different kinds of networks to exchange datadifferent kinds of networks to exchange data

Internet servicesInternet services Enable networks to communicate with the Enable networks to communicate with the

InternetInternet

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Network ServicesNetwork Services

Management servicesManagement services Centrally administer and simplify complicated Centrally administer and simplify complicated

management tasks on the networkmanagement tasks on the network Numerous services fall under category of Numerous services fall under category of

network managementnetwork management

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Important Management Important Management ServicesServices

Traffic monitoring and controlTraffic monitoring and control TrafficTraffic

Data transmission and processing activity taking Data transmission and processing activity taking place on a computer network at any given timeplace on a computer network at any given time

SegmentSegmentPart of LAN that is logically separated from other Part of LAN that is logically separated from other parts of LAN and that shares fixed amount of parts of LAN and that shares fixed amount of traffic capacitytraffic capacity

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Important Management Important Management ServicesServices

Load balancingLoad balancing Distributing process activity evenly across a Distributing process activity evenly across a

network so that no single device is network so that no single device is overwhelmedoverwhelmed

Hardware diagnosis and failure alertHardware diagnosis and failure alert Determining when a network component Determining when a network component

fails and automatically notifying network fails and automatically notifying network administrators through e-mail or pageradministrators through e-mail or pager

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Important Management Important Management ServicesServices

Asset managementAsset management Collecting and storing data on number and Collecting and storing data on number and

types of software and hardware assets in an types of software and hardware assets in an organization’s networkorganization’s network

License trackingLicense tracking Determining how many copies of a single Determining how many copies of a single

application are currently in use on a networkapplication are currently in use on a network

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Important Management Important Management ServicesServices

Security auditingSecurity auditing Evaluating what security measures are Evaluating what security measures are

currently in force and notifying network currently in force and notifying network administrator if a security breach occursadministrator if a security breach occurs

Software distributionSoftware distribution Automatically transferring data file or program Automatically transferring data file or program

from the server to a client on the networkfrom the server to a client on the network

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Important Management Important Management ServicesServices

Address managementAddress management Centrally administering a finite number of Centrally administering a finite number of

network addresses for an entire LANnetwork addresses for an entire LAN

Backup and restoration of dataBackup and restoration of data Backing upBacking up

Copying critical files to a secure storage areaCopying critical files to a secure storage area RestoringRestoring

Retrieving data if original files are lost or deletedRetrieving data if original files are lost or deleted

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Becoming a Network Becoming a Network ProfessionalProfessional

Mastering the technical challengesMastering the technical challenges

Developing your “soft skills”Developing your “soft skills”

Pursuing certificationPursuing certification

Finding a job in networkingFinding a job in networking

Joining professional associationsJoining professional associations

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Mastering the Technical Mastering the Technical ChallengesChallenges

Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting network server softwarenetwork server software

Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting network server hardwarenetwork server hardware

Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting network client softwarenetwork client software

Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting network client hardwarenetwork client hardware

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Mastering the Technical Mastering the Technical ChallengesChallenges

Understanding the characteristics of Understanding the characteristics of different transmission mediadifferent transmission media

Understanding network designUnderstanding network design

Understanding network protocolsUnderstanding network protocols

Understanding how users interact with the Understanding how users interact with the networknetwork

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Mastering the Technical Mastering the Technical ChallengesChallenges

Specialty areas in high demand for Specialty areas in high demand for networking professionals:networking professionals: Network securityNetwork security Internet and intranet designInternet and intranet design Network managementNetwork management Voice/data integrationVoice/data integration Remote and mobile computingRemote and mobile computing

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Mastering the Technical Mastering the Technical ChallengesChallenges

Specialty areas in high demand for Specialty areas in high demand for networking professionals (cont.):networking professionals (cont.): Data integrity and fault toleranceData integrity and fault tolerance In-depth knowledge of Microsoft networking In-depth knowledge of Microsoft networking

productsproducts In-depth knowledge of NetWare networking In-depth knowledge of NetWare networking

productsproducts In-depth knowledge of router configuration In-depth knowledge of router configuration

and managementand management

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Developing Your “Soft Skills”Developing Your “Soft Skills”

Skills not easily measured but important to Skills not easily measured but important to a networking career:a networking career: Customer relationsCustomer relations Oral and written communicationsOral and written communications DependabilityDependability TeamworkTeamwork Leadership abilitiesLeadership abilities

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Pursuing CertificationPursuing Certification

CertificationCertification Process of mastering material pertaining to a Process of mastering material pertaining to a

particular hardware system, operating system, particular hardware system, operating system, programming language, or other software programming language, or other software program, then proving your mastery by passing program, then proving your mastery by passing a series of examsa series of exams

Computer Technology Association Computer Technology Association (CompTIA)(CompTIA) An association that sets industry-wide An association that sets industry-wide

standards for computer professionalsstandards for computer professionals

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Pursuing CertificationPursuing Certification

A+ A+ Certification established by CompTIACertification established by CompTIA Verifies knowledge about PC operation, Verifies knowledge about PC operation,

repair, and managementrepair, and management

Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer (MCSE)(MCSE) Certification established by MicrosoftCertification established by Microsoft Demonstrates in-depth knowledge about Demonstrates in-depth knowledge about

Microsoft’s productsMicrosoft’s products

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Pursuing CertificationPursuing Certification

Certified NetWare Engineer (CNE)Certified NetWare Engineer (CNE) Certification established by NovellCertification established by Novell Demonstrates in-depth understanding of Demonstrates in-depth understanding of

Novell’s networking softwareNovell’s networking software

Network+ (Net+)Network+ (Net+) Certification established by CompTIACertification established by CompTIA Verifies broad, vendor-independent Verifies broad, vendor-independent

networking technology skillsnetworking technology skills

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Pursuing CertificationPursuing Certification

Benefits of becoming certified include:Benefits of becoming certified include: Better salaryBetter salary Greater opportunitiesGreater opportunities Professional respectProfessional respect Access to better supportAccess to better support

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Finding a Job in NetworkingFinding a Job in Networking

Search the WebSearch the Web

Read the paperRead the paper

Visit a career centerVisit a career center

NetworkNetwork

Attend career fairsAttend career fairs

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Finding a Job in NetworkingFinding a Job in Networking

Table 1-1: Web sites with job

databases

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Joining Professional Joining Professional AssociationsAssociations

Benefits can include:Benefits can include: Connecting with people who have similar Connecting with people who have similar

interestsinterests Providing new opportunities for learningProviding new opportunities for learning Allowing access to specialized informationAllowing access to specialized information Giving you tangible assets such as free goodsGiving you tangible assets such as free goods

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Joining Professional Joining Professional AssociationsAssociations

Table 1-2: Web sites of networking organizations

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Chapter SummaryChapter Summary

A Network is a group of computers or other A Network is a group of computers or other devices connected by some type of devices connected by some type of transmission mediatransmission mediaNetworks may be small or large, connecting Networks may be small or large, connecting computers in one office or across the worldcomputers in one office or across the worldAll networks offer advantages relative to the All networks offer advantages relative to the use of standalone computersuse of standalone computersSimplest form of a network still used today Simplest form of a network still used today connects a handful of computers through one connects a handful of computers through one cable and uses peer-to-peer communicationcable and uses peer-to-peer communication

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Chapter SummaryChapter Summary

A LAN is a network of computers and other A LAN is a network of computers and other devices confined to a relatively small spacedevices confined to a relatively small spaceA WAN is a network connecting two or more A WAN is a network connecting two or more geographically distinct LANsgeographically distinct LANsAll server-based networks share some common All server-based networks share some common elementselementsThe physical layout of a computer network is The physical layout of a computer network is called a topologycalled a topologyNetwork protocols are rules the network uses to Network protocols are rules the network uses to transfer datatransfer data

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Chapter SummaryChapter Summary

File and print services provide foundation for File and print services provide foundation for networkingnetworking

Communications services allow remote users to Communications services allow remote users to connect to the networkconnect to the network

Mail services allow networks users to exchange Mail services allow networks users to exchange and store e-mailand store e-mail

Internet services enable organizations to connect Internet services enable organizations to connect to the Internetto the Internet

Network management services centrally Network management services centrally administer and simplify complicated management administer and simplify complicated management tasks on networktasks on network

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Chapter SummaryChapter Summary

Networking professionals are in demandNetworking professionals are in demand

Pursuing certification can benefit you in Pursuing certification can benefit you in many waysmany ways

Hone your soft skillsHone your soft skills

Numerous resources are available in Numerous resources are available in searching for networking positionssearching for networking positions

Joining associations can benefit your Joining associations can benefit your professional growthprofessional growth