Common Athletic Injuries

Overuse Conditions

&

Fractures

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Today’s Objectives

• To describe the distinguishing factors of overuse conditions

• To discuss the common overuse conditions

• To describe the mechanism of common overuse conditions

• To identify fracture classification schemes

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Causes of Overuse Conditions

• Intrinsic

1. Poor flexibility

2. Weakness (inadequate conditioning or rehabilitation)

3. Alignment (structure)

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Causes of Overuse Conditions

• Extrinsic

1. Training errors

2. Equipment

3. Technique (skill mechanics)

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Common Overuse Conditions

• Tendinitis

• Bursitis

• Synovitis

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Tendinitis

• Definition

• Review tendon structure

1. Strong, dense connective tissue

2. Callagenous tissue

• Fatigues w/repetitive loading

• Occurs at skeletal connection site

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Tendinitis

• S/Sx

1. Insidious onset

2. Progression of condition

3. ?’s - changes in extrinsic factors

4. ?’s - activity that causes pain

5. Swelling, redness, warmth

6. Tenderness

7. Crepitus

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Tendinitis

• Common sites

1. Lower extremity

2. Upper extremity

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Bursitis

• Definition

• Anatomy of “potential space”

• Problem areas

• Mechanism

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Bursitis

• S/Sx

1. Insidious or acute onset 2. Vague Sx (local at onset) 3. Deep tenderness

4. ROM

5. Night pain

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Bursitis

• Common sites

1. Lower extremity activities

2. Upper extremity activities

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Capsular Synovitis

• Definition• Synovial membrane• Sx similar to bursitis,

but more diffuse

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Capsular Synovitis

• S/Sx

1. Insidious, subsequent joint injury

2. Pain throughout joint, even at rest

3. Redness, warmth, swelling

4. Guarding

5. NO specific area of tenderness

6. ROM limited

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Fracture Classifications

• Factors: -

1. Location relative to rest of bone

2. Shape, direction & magnitude

3. Duration of onset• Lay terms/names

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Fracture Classifications Location

1. Diaphyseal (diaphysis)

2. Epiphyseal (epiphyseal line)

3. Articular fractures (articular cartilage)

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Fracture ClassificationsSeverity

1. Incomplete

2. Nondisplaced

3. Displaced

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Fracture ClassificationsShape

1. Depressed

2. Comminuted

3. Transverse

4. Compressive

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Fracture ClassificationsShape

5. Spiral

6. Greenstick

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Fracture Classification Other

Avulsion

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Fracture ClassificationOther

• Stress fractures (reactions)

1. Lower extremity

2. Initial findings nonspecific

3. Mimic soft tissue injuries

4. External stress

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Evaluation

• Bump test

• Percussion test

• Squeeze test

• Axial compression test

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Fracture Classification - Other