Commercial Surgical Simulators An overview

by Zaheer Mukhtar

Laparoscopic Surgery

Used in Laparoscopy

Laparoscopic simulators

•What is Laparoscopic Simulator ?•Why do we need simulators?•Current simulators and technology in the

market?

Why do we need simulators?

•Unethical to perform on practice on human being

•Affordable•No time limitation•Risk free practice

▫No infection worries▫Safety from serious accidents

Box Trainers

Immersion

•Market leaders in “ Science of touch”.•CathSim (Vascular access simulator).•AccuTouch(Endovascular simulation &

Endoscopy Simu.

Mentice

•MIST-VR (1990 s)• Does not provide actual surgical environment.• Collaborated with Sim-Surgery

A/S to develop Key surgical activities KSA.

• Advance activities such as, suturing, knot tying, needle passing and stitching.

• Procedicus for MIST and KSA modules, haptic from immersion.

• Price 16000$-25000$

Surgical Science AB

•LapSim (2002), virtual laparoscopic interface.

• LapSim Basic 2.0 released (2003), 9 tasks with 3 level of difficulties.

• Provides performance evaluation• LapSim Gyn and LapSim

Dissections modules • LapSim basic around 50,000$• 16,000$ each module.

Simbionix Ltd. • LapMentor (2003) with 3 modules

• Basic Task Module▫ Camera manipulation, hand-

eye coordination, clip applying translocation of objects.

• Procedural Tasks module ▫ Step by step Cholecystectomy

with video tutorials

• Virtual Patient Module▫ CT and MRI library, combine

various cases of CT and MRI over a virtual patient

Price 90,000$

RoSS Simulator (for practicing for Devinci)

Reachin Technologies AB• Reachin Laparoscopic Trainer (RLT) 2002.• 2004, collaboration with Mentice AB.• Two modules1. RLT-B

▫ Basic laparoscopic skills only

2. RLT-BC▫ Full simulation of

laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.

• Unique Feature is option for haptic

Over all Comparison

Sofie (Robot for surgery)