Commander-in-ChiefCommander-in-ChiefUnited States Pacific CommandUnited States Pacific Command

JV2010 InitiativeJV2010 InitiativeVirtual Information Center (VIC)Virtual Information Center (VIC)

J-08J-08

OUTLINEOUTLINE

• OverviewOverview

• Political-Military Anchor Desk (PMAD)Political-Military Anchor Desk (PMAD)

• Virtual Information Center (VIC)Virtual Information Center (VIC)– DevelopmentDevelopment– Current ActivityCurrent Activity– Future ActivityFuture Activity

• VIC R&DVIC R&D

OVERVIEWOVERVIEW

ProjectProject

In support of the Chairman’s Joint Vision In support of the Chairman’s Joint Vision 2010, USCINCPAC takes the lead in 2010, USCINCPAC takes the lead in developing C4ISR and Information developing C4ISR and Information Superiority to achieve Full Spectrum Superiority to achieve Full Spectrum Dominance in Operations Other Than WarDominance in Operations Other Than War

The VisionThe Vision

Synergistic Effect Synergistic Effect Generated by the Generated by the ConvergenceConvergence of The of TheFour Concepts:Four Concepts:

Provides the Capability Provides the Capability to Dominate an to Dominate an Opponent at Opponent at AnyAny Level Level of Operationsof Operations

Generates Massed Generates Massed EffectsEffects From From DispersedDispersed ForcesForces

Peacetime Peacetime EngagementEngagement

Deterrence &Deterrence &Conflict Conflict

PreventionPrevention

Fight Fight & Win& Win

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Program RationaleProgram RationaleTestimony to the House Military Procurement and Research and Testimony to the House Military Procurement and Research and Development Subcommittees on March 20, 1997Development Subcommittees on March 20, 1997

““We must also understand that information We must also understand that information superiority is not solely limited to combat superiority is not solely limited to combat environments. Other military operations, from environments. Other military operations, from peacekeeping to humanitarian assistance to peacekeeping to humanitarian assistance to nation-building, also depend upon available and nation-building, also depend upon available and robust information exchange.”robust information exchange.”

Lieutenant General Douglas D. Buchholz, USALieutenant General Douglas D. Buchholz, USA

Director for Command, Control, CommunicationsDirector for Command, Control, Communications

and Computer Systemsand Computer Systems

The Joint StaffThe Joint Staff

Continuum of OperationsContinuum of Operations

LLIIKKEELLIIHHOOOODD

SSCSSC MTWMTWEngagement Engagement ActivitiesActivities

ExercisesPort Visits

Security AssistanceCivic Assistance

Freedom of Navigation and OverflightArms Control

Anti-terrorismMilitary Support to Civil Authorities

Foreign Disaster Relief

Humanitarian Assistance

Peacekeeping

Counterdrug Ops

Force Demonstration

Recovery OpsForeign Internal Defense/Support to Insurgency

Protection of ShippingEnforcing Exclusion Zones

Maritime Intercept Ops

Peace Enforcement

Counter-terrorismNoncombatant Evacuation (Hostile)

Enforcing Sanctions

Blockade

Strikes and Raids

Noncombatant Evacuation (Permissive)

SIOP

Regional Conventional War

Theater Nuclear Strikes

Regional Non-Conventional War

A CHANGING WORLDA CHANGING WORLD• Changing Operational FocusChanging Operational Focus

– From global conflict and major regional contingenciesFrom global conflict and major regional contingencies– To smaller scale contingencies and operations other than warTo smaller scale contingencies and operations other than war– From deliberate planning to crisis action planningFrom deliberate planning to crisis action planning

• Changing ParticipantsChanging Participants– DOD, other government agencies, UN, independent DOD, other government agencies, UN, independent

organizations, non-government organizations, local authorities, organizations, non-government organizations, local authorities, other militariesother militaries

– PDD 56 mandates interagency response for complex PDD 56 mandates interagency response for complex emergenciesemergencies

• Changing Information Requirements and SourcesChanging Information Requirements and Sources– Includes political, military, economic, social, environmental, etc.Includes political, military, economic, social, environmental, etc.– Much information outside normal ops and intel expertiseMuch information outside normal ops and intel expertise– Much information open source Much information open source

CINCPAC Perspective on HA/DRCINCPAC Perspective on HA/DR

• Most frequently named operation todayMost frequently named operation today• CINC involvement to “Shape and Respond” CINC involvement to “Shape and Respond”

throughout throughout • Gov’t inter-agency activity: State Dept., Gov’t inter-agency activity: State Dept.,

OFDA, etc.OFDA, etc.• Non-Gov’t: Host Nation, IO/NGO/PVO’s Non-Gov’t: Host Nation, IO/NGO/PVO’s • Military: Security, Logistics, Medical, Military: Security, Logistics, Medical,

EngineeringEngineering• Complex Command and Control, Information Complex Command and Control, Information

InteroperabilityInteroperability

VIRTUAL INFORMATION CENTERVIRTUAL INFORMATION CENTER• Virtual Information Center developed to achieve information Virtual Information Center developed to achieve information

superiority in the changing worldsuperiority in the changing world– Responds to requests for information or frequently asked Responds to requests for information or frequently asked

questionsquestions– Rapid structured search of open sources: electronic, hard copy, Rapid structured search of open sources: electronic, hard copy,

people, models, etc.people, models, etc.– Appropriate experts in variety of locations collaborate to Appropriate experts in variety of locations collaborate to

formulate search and analyze informationformulate search and analyze information– Applies government expertise such as intel or medical as neededApplies government expertise such as intel or medical as needed– Condenses product to a few “drips of knowledge” for policy and Condenses product to a few “drips of knowledge” for policy and

decision makersdecision makers– Products disseminated to DOD, government and non-Products disseminated to DOD, government and non-

government as appropriategovernment as appropriate

– Political-Military Anchor Desk (PMAD) is electronic search toolPolitical-Military Anchor Desk (PMAD) is electronic search tool

POLITICAL-MILITARY POLITICAL-MILITARY ANCHOR DESKANCHOR DESK

(PMAD)(PMAD)

Info Management GoalInfo Management Goal

Use existing information management Use existing information management technology and in-place data sources, technology and in-place data sources, such as IO’s and NGO’s, the Business such as IO’s and NGO’s, the Business Community, Internet, On-line services, Community, Internet, On-line services, predictive modeling, and remote sensing predictive modeling, and remote sensing to make us to make us

. . . Smarter. . . Smarter. . . Faster. . . Faster

. . . At less cost. . . At less cost

WhatWhat is a PMAD ? is a PMAD ?

• Resources -- Off-the-Shelf Technology Resources -- Off-the-Shelf Technology for: for: – Internet accessInternet access– Powerful system of search enginesPowerful system of search engines– Archived DatabaseArchived Database

• People -- Anchor desk conceptPeople -- Anchor desk concept

• Concept of Operation that:Concept of Operation that:– Gets the right informationGets the right information

to the right placeto the right place in in

timetime

WhoWho Needs a PMAD ? Needs a PMAD ?• The The CINCCINC

– Where is Where is nextnext crisis? What are the crisis? What are the issues?issues?

– Can I prevent it? … or its 2nd-order Can I prevent it? … or its 2nd-order effectseffects

• JTF JTF CommanderCommander– What should I take? Who can help me?What should I take? Who can help me?– MOEs: What is “normal” MOEs: What is “normal”

• StaffStaff Organizations (J-5, JIC, OPT) Organizations (J-5, JIC, OPT)– What are the issues? Who are the What are the issues? Who are the

players?players?– Other opinions… Diverging viewsOther opinions… Diverging views

DATA

INFORMATION

KNOWLEDGE

UNDERSTANDING

Raw signals, facts, bits/bytes, inputs

Formatted, filtered, translated, plotted

Correlated, analyzedCorrelated, analyzedFused, validatedFused, validated

Synthesized,Synthesized,visualizedvisualized

ANCHOR DESKOperating Area

The Cognitive HierarchyThe Cognitive Hierarchy

PMAD Contribution to the Cognitive HierarchyPMAD Contribution to the Cognitive Hierarchy

DATA

INFORMATION

KNOWLEDGE

UNDERSTANDING

Raw signals, facts, Raw signals, facts, bits/bytes, inputsbits/bytes, inputs

Formatted, filtered, Formatted, filtered, translated, plottedtranslated, plotted

Correlated, analyzedCorrelated, analyzedFused, validatedFused, validated

Synthesized,Synthesized,visualizedvisualized

Data collection, sourcesData collection, sources & search engines& search engines

1st-order effects, filtering & 1st-order effects, filtering & summary, input to models summary, input to models

Model output, multi-sourceModel output, multi-source fusion, analysisfusion, analysis

Presentation & interactionPresentation & interactionwith decision makers, long-with decision makers, long-range impacts, risksrange impacts, risks

PMAD Provides Opportunities to:PMAD Provides Opportunities to:

• Answer tomorrow’s questions todayAnswer tomorrow’s questions today– Define “normal”… Baseline MOEsDefine “normal”… Baseline MOEs– The past as prologue… El NinoThe past as prologue… El Nino– The questions don’t changeThe questions don’t change

… … the answers dothe answers do• Building Building knowledgeknowledge……

– Develop “play-book”… what worked beforeDevelop “play-book”… what worked before– Integrate data into Integrate data into informationinformation– Basis for analysisBasis for analysis– Stay abreast of fast-breaking “news”Stay abreast of fast-breaking “news”

Opportunities -- Cont’dOpportunities -- Cont’d

• Enhance organizational effectivenessEnhance organizational effectiveness– Better information flow within HQBetter information flow within HQ

. . . and externally. . . and externally– Improved presentation technologyImproved presentation technology– Faster data access; better connectivityFaster data access; better connectivity

• Save $$ and ManpowerSave $$ and Manpower– Identify space-saving potentialIdentify space-saving potential– Concept development--“fly before you buy”Concept development--“fly before you buy”

• Model for other CINCs & organizationsModel for other CINCs & organizations

VIRTUAL INFORMATIONVIRTUAL INFORMATIONCENTERCENTER

(VIC)(VIC)

VIC DEVELOPMENTVIC DEVELOPMENT

• JAN 97JAN 97 BIG IDEABIG IDEA• SEP 97SEP 97 PAC CHESTPAC CHEST• OCT 97OCT 97 CONCEPT DEVELOPMENTCONCEPT DEVELOPMENT• APR 98APR 98 VIC EXPERIMENTVIC EXPERIMENT• NOV 98NOV 98 CONCEPT REFINEMENTCONCEPT REFINEMENT• 98Q298Q2 VIC DEMO (VIC II)VIC DEMO (VIC II)• 98Q398Q3 VIC IN MAJOR EXERCISEVIC IN MAJOR EXERCISE

Recent CINCPAC EffortsRecent CINCPAC Efforts

SEP-OCT 97: PAC-CHESTSEP-OCT 97: PAC-CHEST (PMAD and COE Complex (PMAD and COE Complex Humanitarian Emergency Support Test) demonstrated Humanitarian Emergency Support Test) demonstrated the ability to improve situational awareness in HA/DR at the ability to improve situational awareness in HA/DR at the CINC level by accessing information through the the CINC level by accessing information through the Internet and fusing it in a political-military anchor desk Internet and fusing it in a political-military anchor desk

Also demonstrated the need to increase granularity to Also demonstrated the need to increase granularity to meet pre-deployment JTF information needsmeet pre-deployment JTF information needs

OCT 97: CCRPOCT 97: CCRP Workshop identified new concepts for Workshop identified new concepts for information superiority architectures, sensors and information superiority architectures, sensors and fusion, information access, prediction, and delivery fusion, information access, prediction, and delivery management in support of HA/DR operations which then management in support of HA/DR operations which then led to the VIC Conceptled to the VIC Concept

The Virtual Information CenterThe Virtual Information CenterWhat is a “VIC”?What is a “VIC”?

• Not a thing or place, but a Not a thing or place, but a processprocess – Human interaction at a distanceHuman interaction at a distance– Videoconferences, net-meetings, bulletin boardsVideoconferences, net-meetings, bulletin boards

• Expands PMAD capabilityExpands PMAD capability– More people involved--more sources; more viewsMore people involved--more sources; more views

• More efficient use of resourcesMore efficient use of resources– Less travel -- and timeLess travel -- and time– More databases and finished informationMore databases and finished information

Virtual Information CenterVirtual Information Center

– Open SourceOpen Source

– CollaborationCollaboration

– AnalysisAnalysis

– DisseminationDissemination

Virtual Information Center (VIC)Virtual Information Center (VIC)

• Interactively seeks non-traditional infoInteractively seeks non-traditional info– International BusinessInternational Business– NGO’s & UN, etc.NGO’s & UN, etc.– Commercial Remote SensorsCommercial Remote Sensors– Predictive ModelingPredictive Modeling

• Uses technology to encourage data sharingUses technology to encourage data sharing– Pools schedules, security, POC’s, media info., etc.Pools schedules, security, POC’s, media info., etc.– Relies on commercial information services and Relies on commercial information services and

sensorssensors– Minimizes forward footprintMinimizes forward footprint

Virtual Information CenterVirtual Information Center

Internet etc.

Request for InfoRequest for Info

TaskingTasking

InformationInformation

RESOURCE RESOURCE CENTERCENTER

(PMAD/COE)(PMAD/COE)

FILTER

ANALYSIS

FUSION

NGO

BusinessCommunity

RemoteSensors

PredictiveModeling

State DeptUS AMB

Host Nation

CINCCINC

CJTFCJTF

IO

UN

InsightsInsights

• Information SourcesInformation Sources– Predictive modeling and Internet searches are Predictive modeling and Internet searches are

currently productivecurrently productive– Links to Remote Sensing, NGO’s and international Links to Remote Sensing, NGO’s and international

business community, not yet timelybusiness community, not yet timely

• Information ProcessingInformation Processing– Collaborative expert knowledge networkCollaborative expert knowledge network– Officer-in-the-loop allowed analysis/quality controlOfficer-in-the-loop allowed analysis/quality control

• Information DisseminationInformation Dissemination– Web-site with color-coded, clickable responsesWeb-site with color-coded, clickable responses

• Enabled Warrior Pull, but only limited Smart Push achievedEnabled Warrior Pull, but only limited Smart Push achieved

VIC CURRENT ACTIVITYVIC CURRENT ACTIVITY

• $150K NSAP Workflow Management Task$150K NSAP Workflow Management Task

– Refine the VIC processRefine the VIC process

– Data-Info-Knowledge-UnderstandingData-Info-Knowledge-Understanding

– Automate end-to-end workflow processAutomate end-to-end workflow process

– ID bottlenecks, reduce latency, increase transparency, and ID bottlenecks, reduce latency, increase transparency, and guard against info overloadguard against info overload

• Capture/Retrieve Relevant Information from Previous Capture/Retrieve Relevant Information from Previous ExperimentsExperiments

– Architecture and COTS productsArchitecture and COTS products

– Data collection methodsData collection methods

– Database structure Database structure

VIC FUTURE:VIC FUTURE:The Next StepsThe Next Steps

Virtual Information CenterVirtual Information Center(VIC)(VIC)

OperationalizationOperationalization

Joint ExperimentationJoint Experimentation

CollaborationCollaboration

HQ for the 21st CenturyHQ for the 21st Century

VIC FUTURE VIC FUTURE (Operationalization/HQ for 21st Century)(Operationalization/HQ for 21st Century)

• Virtual Information Center is good candidate for information Virtual Information Center is good candidate for information and knowledge management in “Headquarters for the 21st and knowledge management in “Headquarters for the 21st Century”Century”

– Provides framework on which to hang DARPA, DISA, Provides framework on which to hang DARPA, DISA, ONR, ACTD, and other projectsONR, ACTD, and other projects

– Information and knowledge are treated as a utility Information and knowledge are treated as a utility manned by professionals to support CINC, staff, and manned by professionals to support CINC, staff, and headquarters business processesheadquarters business processes

– Open source Virtual Information Center output and Open source Virtual Information Center output and output from traditional ops and intel sources need to be output from traditional ops and intel sources need to be merged in knowledge centermerged in knowledge center

VIC FUTUREVIC FUTURE(Joint Experimentation/Collaboration)(Joint Experimentation/Collaboration)

• VIC Concept refinement workshop VIC Concept refinement workshop (Nov 98)(Nov 98)

• Development and Execution of a Development and Execution of a Quick Reaction VIC Demonstration Quick Reaction VIC Demonstration (Spring 99)(Spring 99)

• Integration and Assessment of VIC Integration and Assessment of VIC in a major exercise (Late FY 99)in a major exercise (Late FY 99)

VIRTUAL INFORMATION VIRTUAL INFORMATION CENTERCENTER

RESEARCH AND RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT

EFFORTSEFFORTS

Pol-Mil-EconWorking Group/Brainstorm

Big PictureProactive

Director nominateCoS approval

VICVIC

OperationalOperational Technical (R & D)Technical (R & D)Technical (R & D)Technical (R & D)

Short TermShort Term Long TermLong Term

DailyDaily CrisisCrisis AnticipatoryAnticipatory

RFIData Base development

Battle StaffOPTCAT

Search/Collection ToolsCollaboration Tools

Analysis ToolsPredictive ModelsPresentation Tools

Other?

VICVIC

OperationalOperational Technical (R & D)Technical (R & D)Technical (R & D)Technical (R & D)

Short TermShort Term Long TermLong Term

“Motherboard”(Work Flow Process)

VIC/R&D SYNERGYVIC/R&D SYNERGY

• Test Bed for C4ISR ToolsTest Bed for C4ISR Tools

• Operationalize R&D ProductsOperationalize R&D Products

• Joint Experimentation ExposureJoint Experimentation Exposure

• JV2010 DevelopmentJV2010 Development

• Enhance Information SuperiorityEnhance Information Superiority

• Maintain Current TechnologyMaintain Current Technology

PACOM AdvantagesPACOM Advantages

PACIFIC RIM OF FIRE– Earthquakes

– Typhoons

– Volcanic Eruptions

– Floods

GEOGRAPHY

– Half the earth’s surface; 60% of the people

PACNET 21 AND IT21 INFRASTRUCTURE VISION

HISTORY OF DEVELOPING ADVANCED C4ISR

ASSETS– Pacific Disaster Center

– Center of Excellence

in Disaster Management

– Political Military Anchor Desk

CHALLENGES

– Complete spectrum of operations

VIC PROCESSVIC PROCESS

ProvideGuidance

No

Yes VIC “Happens”

Draft Response

MeetsRqmts

?

ConveneVIC

More InfoNeeded

?

Yes

Yes

NoExpand Search

COECOE

Need More Info

?

Internal PMAD Review

Adequate?

No

PeerReview

COE

Yes Adequate?

No

YesDeliver

toRequestor

No

Yes

Data CollectedData CollectedReviewed & SharedReviewed & Shared

RequestRequestININ

Define Problem, Define Problem, Assess & ParseAssess & Parse

COECOE

No

ClearClearRedefine w/ Redefine w/ QuestionsQuestions

Yes

EBB

EBB

EBB

EBB

Post to Electronic Bulletin BoardEBB EBB

No

SimpleSimple ??

No

YesDevelop Develop Search Search

StrategyStrategy

COECOE

EBB

Analysis

Data CollectionData Collection

Planning MTG. Planning MTG. Develop Search Develop Search

Plan, Parse furtherPlan, Parse further

COECOE(from peer review)

Update Update DatabaseDatabase

Update Database

Update Database

OPS/INTEL/LOG

OPS/INTEL/LOG PMAD/VIC

PMAD/VIC

CINCCINC&&

SUPPORTEDSUPPORTEDSTAFFSTAFF

KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGECENTERCENTER

CLASSIFIEDCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIEDUNCLASSIFIED

Decision Support ToolsDecision Support Tools (GENOA)(GENOA)

INTERNET +INTERNET +IMAGERYIMAGERY

NGO/IOsNGO/IOsINTERAGENCYINTERAGENCY

PDCPDCCOECOE

GCCSGCCS

Information Management SystemInformation Management System