Comex2014 inomata ide
15
□ ■□ □■ ■□■□ □■□■□■ ■□■□■□ □■□■□■□■ ■□■□■□■□■□ □■□■□■□■□■□■□ ■□■□■□■□■□■□■□■□ □■□■□■□■□■□■□■□■□■ ■□■□■□■□■□■□■□■□■□■□■□ Satoshi Inomata IDE-JETRO Mapping Global Value Chains: International Input-Output Table
Transcript of Comex2014 inomata ide
■
□
■□
□■
■□■□
□■□■□■
■□■□■□
□■□■□■□■
■□■□■□■□■□ □■□■□■□■□■□■□ ■□■□■□■□■□■□■□■□ □■□■□■□■□■□■□■□■□■ ■□■□■□■□■□■□■□■□■□■□■□
Satoshi Inomata
IDE-JETRO
Mapping Global Value Chains:
International Input-Output Table
“3E” HOT TOPICS
- Employment and poverty
- Environmental issues
- Economic integration
International value distribution of iPhone
Retail price of
iPhone in 2009
= $500 (64% margin for
the Apple)
Source：Xing, Y. and N. Detert (2010)
Cost of parts for iPhone3G Manufacturer Components Unit Price
Toshiba (Japan) Flash Memory US$24.00
Display Module US$19.25
Touch Screen US$16.00
Samsung (Korea) Application Processor US$14.46
SDRAM-Mobile DDR US$8.50
Infineon (Germany) Baseband US$13.00
Camera Module US$9.55
RF Transceiver US$2.80
GPS Receiver US$2.25
Power IC RF Function US$1.25
Broadcom (US) Bluetooth/FM/WLAN US$5.95
Numonyx (US) Memory MCP US$3.65
Murata (Japan) FEM US$1.35
Dialog Semiconductor (Germany)
Power IC Application Processor Function
US$1.30
Cirrus Logic (US) Audio Codec US$1.15
Others US$48.00
Source：Xing, Y. and N. Detert (2010)
Value- added
Production process
Pro
du
ct
desig
n
Ass
em
bly
Dis
tribu
tion
Mark
etin
g
Cu
sto
mer
serv
ices
Mate
rial
pro
cu
rem
en
t
R &
D
Parts
p
rocu
rem
en
t
“Smiley Curve”
* Analytical focus is limited to a particular
product/firm. Not appropriate for economic
analyses at the national level.
* Firm-level data does not explicitly present
“compensation of employees”.
* The approach only considers the value-added
structure of direct input suppliers (the first tier).
Weakness of “firm-level” approach
→ International Input-Output Analysis
Automobiles(Y10 billion)
Rough steel(Y8 million)
Electricity(Y400,000)
Coal products(Y100,000)
Petroleum products(Y40,000)
Steel(Y12 million)
Wholesale(Y2 million)
Road freight transport(Y400,000)
Sea shipping(Y200,000)
Dye(Y3.5 million)
Intermediate organicchemical products
(Y500,000)
Composite plastics(Y200,000)
Electricity(Y100,000)
Wood pulp(Y100,000)
Wholesale(Y100,000)
Chemical fiber(Y2.1 million)
Financing(Y300,000)
Wholesale(Y300,000)
Car parts(Y260 million)
Cold-finished steel(Y60 million)
Steel shar slit(Y20 million)
Paint(Y17 million)
Composite rubber(Y30 million)
Carbon black(Y10 million)
Silk and rayon textiles
(Y10 million)
Raw rubber (imported)
(Y10 million)
Car chassis(Y650 million)
Tires and inner tubes
Glass products(Y130 million)
Internal-combustionengines
(Y1.52 billion)
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
InitialImpact
1st-roundImpacts
2nd-roundImpacts
3rd-roundImpacts
4th-roundImpacts
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added
Value-added Value-added
Value propagation (car industry)
Bilateral IIOT
between
China and USA
Main IIOT initiatives Database Producing
organisationReference years Number of
countriesIndustry/productclassification
AIIOT IDE-JETRO 1975、1985、1990、1995、2000、2005
１０ ５６ (1975)７８ （1985-95)７６ (2000-05)
EORA University ofSydney
1990-2009:yearly Approx. １５０ ２０～５００
EXIOPOLDatabase(CREEA)
EuropeanCommission
2000 ４３ + ROW １２９ industries１２９ products
GTAP-MRIO PurdueUniversity
1990、1992、1995、1997、2001、2004、2007
１２９ ５７ industries
ICIO OECD 1995、2000、2005、2008、2009
５６ + ROW １８ industries
WIOD EuropeanCommission
1995-2011：yearly ４０ + ROW ３５ industries５９ products
Value- added
Production process
Pro
du
ct
desig
n
Ass
em
bly
Dis
tribu
tion
Mark
etin
g
Cu
sto
mer
serv
ices
Mate
rial
pro
cu
rem
en
t
R &
D
Parts
p
rocu
rem
en
t
Downstream Upstream
How to evaluate country’s
relative position
Backward
length
Forward
length
China1985
China2005
Indonesia
JapanKorea
Malaysia
Chinese
Taipei
Philippines
SingaporeThailand
USA
2.7
2.9
3.1
3.3
3.5
3.7
3.9
2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.9
Upstream
Downstream
Longersupply chains
Shorter supplychains
Backward APL
Fo
rward
AP
L
Backward Length
Fo
rwa
rd L
en
gth
1985
2000
China
China
Indonesia
Indonesia
Japan
Japan
Korea
Korea
Malaysia
Malaysia
Taiwan
Taiwan
Philip
pines
Philip
pines
Singapore
Singapore
Thailand
Thailand
USA
USA
1985
2005
Downstream Upstream
0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000 180,000 200,000
China
Japan
Korea
Traditional measurement
Value-added measurement
Million US$
33%
The US trade deficits:
Traditional vs value-added measurement
Trade in value-added approach
• offers a better measurement of bilateral
trade in the world of increasing production
sharing among countries.
• can be a core apparatus for linking trade
policies to crosscutting economic and/or
social issues like job creation, poverty
alleviation, and energy and environmental
planning.
