Download the Special Prof. Comet Report for C 2012 S1 (ISON)
Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in...
Transcript of Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in...
![Page 1: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• ICE,• ROCK (dust), and• ORGANICS (refractory and volatile).
![Page 6: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Dust in comet comae may originate from that upper-layer,
or may be more directly from the interior.
![Page 7: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
T << 180 K
All comet interiors are pristine:Dust is thermally stable and not aqueously altered.
![Page 8: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
(Brownlee 2014)
![Page 9: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
(ESO/L. Calçada/M. Kornmesser)
![Page 10: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
(Fomenkova 1999)
![Page 12: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
ESA/Rosetta/MPS COSIMA target: 1x1 cm gold plate~50 and ~70 µm comet dust grains
![Page 13: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
(Zolensky et al. 2008, edited)
![Page 16: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
(Brownlee 2014)
![Page 19: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Brownlee 2014
(Zolensky et al. 2008, edited)
![Page 21: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Brownlee 2014
![Page 22: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Brownlee 2014
![Page 23: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Comet Hale-Bopp(Harker et al. 2002)
Comet spectral energy distributions are a combination of• reflected sunlight, and• thermal emission.
The shape of the thermal emission is sensitive to the dust:• Size,• Structure (shape,
porosity), and• Composition.
![Page 25: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Nominal coma emission
Grain temperatures are computed from optical
constants and Mie theory.
More small,hot grains
More large,cool grains
![Page 26: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Fluffy aggregate, radiates more like a collection of individual grains.
Compact aggregate, radiates more like a
solid particle.
(Mukai et al. 1992)
Grain structure addressed with effective medium theory: mixing vacuum into grains at the optical constant level.
![Page 27: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
• Right:
Top: Middle: Bottom:
![Page 28: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Comet fcryst (%) Source
C/2007 N3 (Lulin) 14 ± 4 Woodward et al. 2011
9P/Tempel 1 13 – 35 Harker et al. 2005
73P/S-W 3C 26 ± 4 Harker et al. 2011
C/2001 HT50 (LINEAR-NEAT) 28 Kelley et al. 2006
73P/S-W 3B 34 ± 10 Harker et al. 2011
17P/Holmes 60 Reach et al. 2007
C/2002 V1 (NEAT) 66 Ootsubo et al. 2007
C/2001 Q4 (NEAT) 70 – 71 Wooden et al. 2004,Ootsubo et al. 2007
C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) 60 – 80 Harker et al. 2002
14% to 70%.
10-20%
Is our Solar System unqiue/rare?Are there small scale variations in T-
Tauri disks not evident in Spitzerspectra?
![Page 29: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
(Dave Jewitt)
![Page 31: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
A preponderance of small, silicate rich dust grains
(Harker et al. 2002). (Harker et al. 2002)
![Page 32: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Hale-Bopp was pristine in the Solar System sense, but not a preserved relic from the Oort Cloud.
![Page 33: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
the irradiated mantle would be lost in one perihelion passage.
(Hubble Heritage)
![Page 34: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
11-, 20-, and 32-µm filter photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST.
![Page 35: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Wooden et al. in preparation
Did we observe the irradiated mantle?
![Page 36: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
• Data look great!
![Page 37: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Comet Dust and Comet ISON, Too. · photometry of comet ISON with SOFIA/FORCAST. Wooden et al. in preparation. Did we observe the irradiated mantle? • Data look great! • Comet](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060907/60a1a00376f0f537191e6b40/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
• Comet dust grains are relics from our Solar System’s formation.
• Our knowledge of their compositions are guided by laboratory and in situ analyses.
• Comet dust grains originate from a wide variety of processes:
• Mid-infrared spectra reveal a diversity not seen in T-Tauridisks.
• Statistically significant comet surveys will address if the mean comet agrees with the mean T-Tauri disk.