Comenius Programme“You And Me Make Europe”

Escola Secundária Poeta António Aleixo

By:

Social Integration Social Integration & &

Equality of OpportunitiesEquality of Opportunities

“Equality between Man and Woman is a

Constitutional Right of the Portuguese Republic

and one of the fundamental duties of the

Portuguese Government, who should not only

ensure equality but also assume its promotionensure equality but also assume its promotion.”

III PNICG(2007-2010)

Social Integration & Equality of Opportunities

Chapter 1:

Education

In 2005, the instruction level of individuals aged 15 or more was the following:

The graduates in higher education per scientific areas in 2004 were as follows:

Graduates in Higher Education per Scientific Area

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

Education Arts andHumanities

SocialSciences,

Comerce andLaw

Sciences,Mathematics

and Computing

Engineering,Manufactoringand processing

andConstruction

Agriculture Health andSocial Services

Services

M/F F

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1995 2005

Nu

mbe

r of

Doc

tora

tes

Number of Doctorates (1995 -2005)

M F

The development of doctorates obtained by men and by women in 1995-2005

was the following:g:

Social Integration & Equality of Opportunities

Chapter 2:

Access to the Labour

World

In 2005, male and female activity and unemployment rates were as follows:

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Female Activity Rate Male Activity Rate Female Unemployment Rate

Male Unemployment Rate

Pe

rcen

tage

Male and Female Activity and Unemployment Rates

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

None Basic 1st Cycle Basic 2nd Cycle

Basic 3rd Cycle

Secondary Higher Education

Unemployment per Education Level

Women Men

The structure of unemployment registered according to the level of

qualification, in 2004:

Social Integration & Equality of Opportunities

Chapter 3:

Salaries

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Eu

ros

(€)

Average Monthly Salaries per Qualification Level

Average Female Salaries Average Male Salaries

In 2002, the average of monthly earnings according to the

qualification level was as follows:

Social Integration & Equality of Opportunities

Chapter 4:

Working Sectors

In 2005, the number of workers per work sector was the

following:

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

Agriculture Industry Services

Num

ber

of

Wo

rker

s (T

hous

ands

)

Workers per Activity Sector

M F

The distribution of men and women by sectors of activity was as follows:

Some professions of recent access to women:

Social Integration & Equality of Opportunities

Chapter 5:

Role in The Family

According to the study "The Place of Men in the Portuguese Family"

coordinated by sociologist Karin Wall (2007):The Portuguese man is "modern" but only women take care of the washing.Over 80% of men are of the opinion that they should help more at home, but

only less than one percent of men make their own meals, while only around two

per cent makes use of the dishwasher and only 0.1 take care of their clothing. Gender is still an obstacle.

For most men, the right expression to use is "helping at home." But the house

(still) is the responsibility of women.

Men continue to make sure that their professional work is more important than

their wife’s work:

• Three in five men do not ask for the five days off to which they are entitled in

the first month after the birth of their child.• The division of maternity leave is still a rarity, only 413 men share the 120

days with the woman.• Only 3200 men are househousbands.

• The tasks carried out jointly by the couple represent only 14% of all the

domestic work. • Of single parents which represented 7% of Portuguese households in 2001,

only 0.9% are men.

The distribution of household chores between men and women is still, as a

rule, unbalanced in favour of men, although this has registered a positive

development.

Netography

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Carlos Tuta & Li Shuang

HELLO SWEDEN!