Revisar los siguientes comados en linux y explicar para que sirven cada uno de ellos.

1. cat /proc/cpuinfo: Comando que muestra mucha informacin sobre la CPU en su sistema.black@black-laptop:~$ sudo su [sudo] password for black: root@black-laptop:/home/black# cat /proc/cpuinfo processor: 0 vendor_id: GenuineIntel cpu family: 6 model

: 15 model name: Genuine Intel(R) CPU T1500 @ 1.86GHz stepping: 13 cpu MHz

: 1862.090 cache size: 512 KB physical id: 0 siblings: 2 core id

: 0 cpu cores: 2 apicid

: 0 initial apicid: 0 fdiv_bug: no hlt_bug

: no f00f_bug: no coma_bug: no fpu

: yes fpu_exception: yes cpuid level: 10 wp

: yes flags

: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm lahf_lm bogomips: 3724.18 clflush size: 64 cache_alignment: 64 address sizes: 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management: processor: 1 vendor_id: GenuineIntel cpu family: 6 model

: 15 model name: Genuine Intel(R) CPU T1500 @ 1.86GHz stepping: 13 cpu MHz

: 1862.090 cache size: 512 KB physical id: 0 siblings: 2 core id

: 1 cpu cores: 2 apicid

: 1 initial apicid: 1 fdiv_bug: no hlt_bug

: no f00f_bug: no coma_bug: no fpu

: yes fpu_exception: yes cpuid level: 10 wp

: yes flags

: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm lahf_lm bogomips: 3723.94 clflush size: 64 cache_alignment: 64 address sizes: 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management: 2. cat /proc/meminfo: Comando que permite mostrar la memoria RAM total del sistema. root@black-laptop:/home/black# cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 2053320 kB MemFree: 1425432 kB Buffers: 61120 kB Cached: 293656 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 272296 kB Inactive: 301840 kB Active(anon): 219824 kB Inactive(anon): 100744 kB Active(file): 52472 kB Inactive(file): 201096 kB Unevictable: 16 kB Mlocked: 16 kB HighTotal: 1179336 kB HighFree: 653480 kB LowTotal: 873984 kB LowFree: 771952 kB SwapTotal: 858104 kB SwapFree: 858104 kB Dirty: 36 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 219340 kB Mapped: 72032 kB Shmem: 101196 kB Slab: 25072 kB SReclaimable: 13376 kB SUnreclaim: 11696 kB KernelStack: 2000 kB PageTables: 5104 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 1884764 kB Committed_AS: 869980 kB VmallocTotal: 122880 kB VmallocUsed: 25508 kB VmallocChunk: 45544 kB HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 4096 kB DirectMap4k: 16376 kB DirectMap4M: 892928 kB 3. lshw: Comando que permite obtener el listado de especificaciones de hardwareroot@black-laptop:/home/black lshwblack-laptop description: Notebook product: Compaq 610 vendor: Hewlett-Packard version: F.01 serial: CNU92431CR width: 32 bits capabilities: smbios-2.4 dmi-2.4 configuration: boot=normal chassis=notebook uuid=56192124-3D49-DE11-6190-6D9912266129 *-core description: Motherboard product: 308A vendor: Hewlett-Packard physical id: 0 version: KBC Version 26.07 *-firmware description: BIOS vendor: Hewlett-Packard physical id: 0 version: 68PVU Ver. F.01 (04/24/2009) size: 128KiB capacity: 960KiB capabilities: pci pcmcia pnp upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppy720 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer acpi usb ls120boot smartbattery biosbootspecification netboot *-cpu description: CPU product: Genuine Intel(R) CPU T1500 @ 1.86GHz vendor: Intel Corp. physical id: 4 bus info: cpu@0 version: 6.15.13 serial: 0000-06FD-0000-0000-0000-0000 slot: U10 size: 1867MHz capacity: 1867MHz width: 64 bits clock: 133MHz capabilities: fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx x86-64 constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm lahf_lm configuration: id=1 *-cache:0 description: L1 cache physical id: 5 slot: Internal L1 Cache size: 64KiB capacity: 64KiB capabilities: burst internal write-back unified *-cache:1 description: L2 cache physical id: 6 slot: Internal L2 Cache size: 256KiB capacity: 256KiB capabilities: burst external write-back unified *-logicalcpu:0 description: Logical CPU physical id: 1.1 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:1 description: Logical CPU physical id: 1.2 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-memory description: System Memory physical id: a slot: System board or motherboard size: 2GiB *-bank:0 description: SODIMM DDR2 Synchronous 800 MHz (1.2 ns) product: EBE11UE6AESA-8G-F vendor: Elpida physical id: 0 serial: 2DAD517B slot: DIMM #1 size: 1GiB width: 64 bits clock: 800MHz (1.2ns) *-bank:1 description: SODIMM DDR2 Synchronous 800 MHz (1.2 ns) product: 535245535561451400 vendor: 7F7F7F7F7FE30000 physical id: 1 serial: 00000000 slot: DIMM #2 size: 1GiB width: 64 bits clock: 800MHz (1.2ns) *-pci description: Host bridge product: Mobile GME965/GLE960 Memory Controller Hub vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 100 bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0 version: 0c width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz configuration: driver=agpgart-intel resources: irq:0 *-display:0 description: VGA compatible controller product: Mobile GME965/GLE960 Integrated Graphics Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 2 bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0 version: 0c width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: msi pm bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=i915 latency=0 resources: irq:30 memory:e8400000-e84fffff memory:d0000000-dfffffff(prefetchable) ioport:6000(size=8) *-display:1 UNCLAIMED description: Display controller product: Mobile GME965/GLE960 Integrated Graphics Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 2.1 bus info: pci@0000:00:02.1 version: 0c width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:e8500000-e85fffff *-usb:0 description: USB Controller product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1a bus info: pci@0000:00:1a.0 version: 03 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: bus_master configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:16 ioport:6020(size=32) *-usb:1 description: USB Controller product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #2 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1a.7 bus info: pci@0000:00:1a.7 version: 03 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm debug bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:18 memory:e8600000-e86003ff *-multimedia description: Audio device product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) HD Audio Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1b bus info: pci@0000:00:1b.0 version: 03 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=HDA Intel latency=0 resources: irq:16 memory:e8604000-e8607fff *-pci:0 description: PCI bridge product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.0 version: 03 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:24 *-pci:1 description: PCI bridge product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 2 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.1 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.1 version: 03 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:25 ioport:3000(size=4096) memory:e8000000-e80fffff memory:80000000-801fffff(prefetchable) *-network description: Wireless interface product: BCM4312 802.11b/g vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:10:00.0 logical name: eth1 version: 01 serial: 00:25:56:68:68:b7 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=wl0 driverversion=5.60.48.36 latency=0 multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bg resources: irq:17 memory:e8000000-e8003fff *-pci:2 description: PCI bridge product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 5 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.4 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.4 version: 03 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:26 ioport:4000(size=8192) memory:e4000000-e7ffffff memory:80200000-803fffff(prefetchable) *-pci:3 description: PCI bridge product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 6 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.5 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.5 version: 03 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:27 ioport:2000(size=4096) memory:e0000000-e00fffff *-network description: Ethernet interface product: Marvell Technology Group Ltd. vendor: Marvell Technology Group Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:30:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 10 serial: 00:25:b3:4e:ed:8b capacity: 100MB/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=sky2 driverversion=1.25 firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair resources: irq:28 memory:e0000000-e0003fff ioport:2000(size=256) *-usb:2 description: USB Controller product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1d bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.0 version: 03 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: bus_master configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:20 ioport:6040(size=32) *-usb:3 description: USB Controller product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1d.1 bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.1 version: 03 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: bus_master configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:21 ioport:6060(size=32) *-usb:4 description: USB Controller product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1d.2 bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.2 version: 03 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: bus_master configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:18 ioport:6080(size=32) *-usb:5 description: USB Controller product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1d.7 bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.7 version: 03 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm debug bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:20 memory:e8608000-e86083ff *-pci:4 description: PCI bridge product: 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1e bus info: pci@0000:00:1e.0 version: f3 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci bus_master cap_list *-isa description: ISA bridge product: 82801HEM (ICH8M) LPC Interface Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.0 version: 03 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: isa bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 *-ide description: IDE interface product: 82801HBM/HEM (ICH8M/ICH8M-E) IDE Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.1 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.1 version: 03 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: ide bus_master configuration: driver=ata_piix latency=0 resources: irq:16 ioport:1f0(size=8) ioport:3f6 ioport:170(size=8) ioport:376 ioport:60a0(size=16) *-storage description: SATA controller product: 82801HBM/HEM (ICH8M/ICH8M-E) SATA AHCI Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.2 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2 logical name: scsi2 logical name: scsi4 version: 03 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: storage msi pm bus_master cap_list emulated configuration: driver=ahci latency=0 resources: irq:29 ioport:13f0(size=8) ioport:15f4(size=4) ioport:1370(size=8) ioport:1574(size=4) ioport:60e0(size=32) memory:e8609000-e86097ff *-disk description: ATA Disk product: WDC WD1600BEVT-6 vendor: Western Digital physical id: 0 bus info: scsi@2:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/sda version: 13.0 serial: WD-WXV0E49HPE06 size: 149GiB (160GB) capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos configuration: ansiversion=5 signature=7b007b00 *-volume:0 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@2:0.0.0,1 logical name: /dev/sda1 version: 3.1 serial: dab8-8866 size: 98MiB capacity: 100MiB capabilities: primary bootable ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2010-10-21 19:45:55 filesystem=ntfs label=Reservado para el sistema state=clean *-volume:1 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 2 bus info: scsi@2:0.0.0,2 logical name: /dev/sda2 version: 3.1 serial: e0e0f766-692e-5347-b4b0-954bb20bbf31 size: 52GiB capacity: 52GiB capabilities: primary ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2010-10-21 19:46:05 filesystem=ntfs modified_by_chkdsk=true mounted_on_nt4=true resize_log_file=true state=dirty upgrade_on_mount=true *-volume:2 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 3 bus info: scsi@2:0.0.0,3 logical name: /dev/sda3 logical name: /media/16D35DA8A9A701C1 version: 3.1 serial: 88ac68cb-3ed9-2545-b6ed-1a6b5e0bbfc5 size: 78GiB capacity: 78GiB capabilities: primary ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2010-08-22 13:07:43 filesystem=ntfs mount.fstype=fuseblk mount.options=rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,default_permissions,allow_other,blksize=4096 state=mounted *-volume:3 description: Extended partition physical id: 4 bus info: scsi@2:0.0.0,4 logical name: /dev/sda4 size: 18GiB capacity: 18GiB capabilities: primary extended partitioned partitioned:extended *-logicalvolume:0 description: Linux filesystem partition physical id: 5 logical name: /dev/sda5 logical name: / capacity: 17GiB configuration: mount.fstype=ext4 mount.options=rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,barrier=1,data=ordered state=mounted *-logicalvolume:1 description: Linux swap / Solaris partition physical id: 6 logical name: /dev/sda6 capacity: 838MiB capabilities: nofs *-cdrom description: DVD-RAM writer product: CDDVDW TS-L633N vendor: hp physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@4:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/cdrom logical name: /dev/cdrw logical name: /dev/dvd logical name: /dev/dvdrw logical name: /dev/scd0 logical name: /dev/sr0 version: 0300 capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram configuration: ansiversion=5 status=nodisc *-scsi physical id: 1 bus info: usb@2:2 logical name: scsi10 logical name: scsi9 capabilities: emulated scsi-host configuration: driver=usb-storage *-disk description: SCSI Disk physical id: 0 bus info: scsi@10:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/sdb size: 1886MiB (1977MB) capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos *-volume description: Windows FAT volume vendor: mkdosfs physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@10:0.0.0,1 logical name: /dev/sdb1 logical name: /media/C2EC-E936 version: FAT32 serial: c2ec-e936 size: 1884MiB capacity: 1884MiB capabilities: primary fat initialized configuration: FATs=2 filesystem=fat mount.fstype=vfat mount.options=rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=1000,gid=1000,fmask=0022,dmask=0077,codepage=cp437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,flush,errors=remount-ro state=mounted *-cdrom description: SCSI CD-ROM product: Mass Storage vendor: HUAWEI physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@9:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/cdrom1 logical name: /dev/scd1 logical name: /dev/sr1 logical name: /media/BandaAncha Movil version: 2.31 capabilities: removable audio configuration: ansiversion=2 mount.fstype=iso9660 mount.options=ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=1000,gid=1000,iocharset=utf8,mode=0400,dmode=0500 state=mounted status=ready *-medium physical id: 0 logical name: /dev/cdrom1 logical name: /media/BandaAncha Movil capabilities: partitioned partitioned:mac configuration: mount.fstype=iso9660 mount.options=ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=1000,gid=1000,iocharset=utf8,mode=0400,dmode=0500 state=mounted *-volume:0 UNCLAIMED description: Apple partition map physical id: 1 capacity: 1KiB *-volume:1 UNCLAIMED description: Apple HFS physical id: 2 version: 4 serial: 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000800 size: 16MiB capacity: 16MiB capabilities: hfsplus initialized configuration: checked=2010-05-11 03:52:36 created=2010-05-11 07:52:36 filesystem=hfsplus lastmountedby=LSDf modified=2010-05-11 03:52:36 state=unclean *-battery description: Lithium Ion Battery product: HP vendor: Hewlett-Packard physical id: 1 version: 05/05/2009 serial: 01452 slot: Primary capacity: 44000mWh configuration: voltage=10.8V 4. lshw short : Comando que muestra en forma breve el listado del hardware del equipo.root@black-laptop:/home/black# lshw -short H/W path Device Class Description ======================================================= system Compaq 610 /0 bus 308A /0/0 memory 128KiB BIOS /0/4 processor Genuine Intel(R) CPU T1500 /0/4/5 memory 64KiB L1 cache /0/4/6 memory 256KiB L2 cache /0/4/0.1 processor Logical CPU /0/4/0.2 processor Logical CPU /0/a memory 2GiB System Memory /0/a/0 memory 1GiB SODIMM DDR2 Synchronous 800 MHz /0/a/1 memory 1GiB SODIMM DDR2 Synchronous 800 MHz /0/100 bridge Mobile GME965/GLE960 Memory Controll /0/100/2 display Mobile GME965/GLE960 Integrated Grap /0/100/2.1 display Mobile GME965/GLE960 Integrated Grap /0/100/1a bus 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Contro /0/100/1a.7 bus 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB2 EHCI Contr /0/100/1b multimedia 82801H (ICH8 Family) HD Audio Contro /0/100/1c bridge 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Por /0/100/1c.1 bridge 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Por /0/100/1c.1/0 eth1 network BCM4312 802.11b/g /0/100/1c.4 bridge 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Por /0/100/1c.5 bridge 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Por /0/100/1c.5/0 eth0 network Marvell Technology Group Ltd. /0/100/1d bus 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Contro /0/100/1d.1 bus 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Contro /0/100/1d.2 bus 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Contro /0/100/1d.7 bus 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB2 EHCI Contr /0/100/1e bridge 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge /0/100/1f bridge 82801HEM (ICH8M) LPC Interface Contr /0/100/1f.1 storage 82801HBM/HEM (ICH8M/ICH8M-E) IDE Con /0/100/1f.2 scsi2 storage 82801HBM/HEM (ICH8M/ICH8M-E) SATA AH /0/100/1f.2/0 /dev/sda disk 160GB WDC WD1600BEVT-6 /0/100/1f.2/0/1 /dev/sda1 volume 100MiB Windows NTFS volume /0/100/1f.2/0/2 /dev/sda2 volume 52GiB Windows NTFS volume /0/100/1f.2/0/3 /dev/sda3 volume 78GiB Windows NTFS volume /0/100/1f.2/0/4 /dev/sda4 volume 18GiB Extended partition /0/100/1f.2/0/4/5 /dev/sda5 volume 17GiB Linux filesystem partition /0/100/1f.2/0/4/6 /dev/sda6 volume 838MiB Linux swap / Solaris partitio /0/100/1f.2/1 /dev/cdrom disk CDDVDW TS-L633N /0/1 scsi10 storage /0/1/0 /dev/sdb disk 1977MB SCSI Disk /0/1/0/1 /dev/sdb1 volume 1884MiB Windows FAT volume /0/1/1 /dev/cdrom1 disk Mass Storage /0/1/1/0 /dev/cdrom1 disk /0/1/1/0/1 volume 1KiB Apple partition map /0/1/1/0/2 volume 16MiB Apple HFS /1 power HP MOSTRANDO LOS PROCESOSEntorno grafico: $sudo gnome- system- monitor